新概念英语四册课堂笔记 Lesson 2：Spare that spider
新概念英语第四册原文翻译详细笔记
Finding fossil man 发现化⽯石⼈人 Why are legends handed down by storytellers useful? We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from. Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especiallyflint, because this is easier to shapethan other kinds.They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rottedaway. Stone does not decay, and so thetools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappearedwithout trace. 读到flint 打⽕火⽯石anthropomorphic ⼈人格化拟1anthropo ⼈人类的让步⼀一⼀一trace backdate back read of read abouta trace of ⼀一些resound u叙述 Polynesian adj.波利利尼⻄西亚(中太平洋之⼀一群岛)的 Indonesia n. 印度尼⻄西亚 我们从书籍中可读到5,000 年年前近东发⽣生的事情，那⾥里里的⼈人最早学会了了写字。
新概念第四册2 Spare that spider
Lesson 2 Spare that spider 不要伤害蜘蛛Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, andinsects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible forus to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for theprotection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects butall of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike someof the other insect eaters, spiders never do the harm to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell thedifference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and insect never more than six.How many spiders are engaged in this work no our behalf? One authority on spiders made a censusof the spiders in grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch.Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than thewildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only threemealsa day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one yearwould be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.参考译文你可能会觉得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么会是我们的朋友呢？因为它们能消灭那么多的昆虫，其中包括一些人类的大敌，要不是人类受一些食虫动物的保护，昆虫就会使我们无法在地球上生活下去，昆虫会吞食我们的全部庄稼，杀死我们的成群的牛羊。
新概念英语第四册课堂笔记
新概念英语第四册课堂笔记1 fossil man (化石人)Why are legends handed down by storytellers usefulWe can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of story tellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.【New words and expressions 生词和短语】fossil man adj. 化石人recount v. 叙述saga n. 英雄故事legend n. 传说，传奇migration n. 迁移，移居anthropologist n. 人类学家archaeologist n. 考古学家ancestor n. 祖先Polynesian adj.波利尼西亚（中太平洋之一群岛）的Indonesia n. 印度尼西亚flint n. 燧石rot n. 烂掉【课文注释】down 把...传下去例句：Many old legends were handed down from generation by mouth.许多古老的传说都是一代一代口传下来了。
新概念英语第4册课文笔记
decay国家民族逐渐衰亡decompose逐渐衰竭deteriorate关系逐渐恶化
trace /treis/ n.痕迹，踪迹
trace the problem
i follow your trace＝i follow where you go
polynesia波利尼西亚
poly-多
polyandric: a wife with more than one husband polygeny : a husband with more than one wife
ROBINPLACE Finding fossil man
New words and expressions
生词短语
recount /ri’kaunt/ v.叙述/‘rei’kaunt/再数一次record /‘rek[d/ /ri’kC:d/第一个音节带重音，名前动后叙述：recount :emotionless
unreal e.g robin hood
anthropologist/‘AnWr[’pCl[dVist/ n.人类学家
anthrop：人
philosophere :philo＋sopher|爱＋智慧＝哲学家
新概念第四册课文及翻译(中英)
Lesson 1 Finding fossil man 发现化石人We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write.But there are some parts of the word where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.Fortunately, however, ancient men made tools of stone, especially flint, because this is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.参考译文我们从书籍中可读到5,000 年前近东发生的事情，那里的人最早学会了写字。
环球英语新概念英语第四册名师互动班lesson2讲义
环球英语网校新概念英语第四册名师互动班Lesson 2讲义Lesson 2Spare that Spiders不要伤害蜘蛛Sentence Analysis 句式分析Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race.Translation 译文你可能会觉得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么会是我们的朋友呢？因为它们能消灭那么多的昆虫，其中包括一些人类的大敌.Sentence Analysis 句式分析Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, [if it were not for the protection (we get from insect-eating animals)].Translation 译文要不是人类受一些食虫动物的保护，昆虫就会使我们无法在地球上生活下去，昆虫会吞食我们的全部庄稼，杀死我们的成群的牛羊。
Devour 鉴赏1. to eat something very fast because you are hungry2. to destroy something completelyWe watched the flames devour the entire building.我们看着火苗吞噬整座大楼。
The big fish continued to devour the little ones.那条大鱼继续吞吃小鱼。
002 If it were not forIf it were not for●若不是...的话●If it were not for the sun, there would be nothing living.●如果没有太阳就不会有生命.●If it were not for this defect, I shall hire him at once.●如果不是因为这个缺点,我会马上雇用他。
新概念英语四册课堂笔记： Lesson 2 Spare that spider
新概念英语四册课堂笔记： Lesson 2 Spare thatspiderLesson 2 Spare that spider 别伤害蜘蛛Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends ? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects includesome of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if itwere not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but allof them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders.Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six. How many spiders are engaged in thiswork on our behalf ? One authority on spiders made a censusof the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, andhe estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre, that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kindson a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more thanthe wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyedby spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.T. H. GILLESPIE Spare that Spider from The ListenerNew words and expressions 生词短语flocks and herds 牛群和羊群／flCk/ the birds of the same feather flock together.物以类聚，人以群分you are the same flock.也可指人herd多指牛群cowherdcowboythrong and crowd swarmowe /[U/ vt.感激欠 i owe you.i owe you a big favor. 欠issueobligeindebt appreciate----常用口语词正式：gratefulthankfulbeast /bi： st/ n 兽形容人野蛮无比，不能用animal 形容creature能够指小孩，女人，不用于男性．fraction / ＇frAkF[n/ n.小部分分数，小数 a fraction of rice will sufficeon one＇s behalf 代表．．．利益I beat you on your behalf.我打你是为你好 on behalf of somebody /somethinge.g on behalf of chinese government on behalf of ＝representauthority /C：＇WCriti/ n.authorize批准 authoritative性的 authoritarian独裁的－tarian带有这种词缀的词都是坏词 dictator独裁者dictatorial独裁的authorities １．（可单数可复数）２．*（复数）census /sens[s/ n.统计数据the fifth national population census.censor审查censorious 挑剔的，挑刺的acre /＇eik[/ n.英亩１acre＝４０４７square metersfootball pitch 足球场 football yardfootball court football fieldbe content with 满足于满足作表语，不能出现定语结构He is content with status quo.contented heart ：心满意足的人spare /spZ[/ v. 不伤害，宽恕spare meHe doesn’t spare himself.I spare no efforts to learn english.( spare no efforts：不遗余力作什么)Notes on the text 课文注释why, you may wonder－you may wonder why插入语先不管插入语，弄清句子结构you may wonder why spiders should be our friends？插入语位置不固定why以疑问句开头。
新概念英语4-课文资料讲解
NEW CONCEPTENGLISH(IV) (new version)2Lesson1 Finding Fossil manWe can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only w ay that they can preserve their history is torecount it as sagas--legends handed down from one generation of story-tellersto another. These legends are useful because they can tell us somethin g aboutmigrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesianpeoples now living in th e Pacific Islands came from. The sagasof these peopleexplain that some of them came from Indo nesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that ev en theirsagas, if they had any,are forgotten. Soarchaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.Fortunately, however, ancient me n made tools of stone, especially flint, becausethis is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used woodand skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay,and so the tool s oflong ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.3Lesson2 Spare that spiderWhy, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends ? Because they destroy somany insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the humanrace. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they woulddevour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protectionwe get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts wh o eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never dothe least harm to us or our bel ongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.One can t ell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legsand an insect never more th an six.How many spiders are engagedin this work on our behalf ? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, andhe estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre, that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a f ootball pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content wi th only three meals aday.It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed byspi ders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the c ountry.T. H. GILLESPIESpare that Spider from The ListeneLesson 3 Matterhorn manModern alpinists try to climb mountains by aroute which will give them goodsport, and the moredifficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneeringdays, however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking forthe easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it had never been attained before. It is true that during their explor ations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manne r which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their w ay to court such excitement. They had a single aim,a solitary goal--the top!It is hard for us to reali ze nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Exceptfor one or two places such as Zermatt an d Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular, Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheeseaccompanied by bread often t welve months old, all washed down with coarse wine. Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and cli mbers found shelter wherever they could--sometimes with the local priest (who was usually as p oor as his parishioners), sometimes with shepherds or cheesemakers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps mu st have been very hard indeed.5Lesson4 Seeing handsInthe Soviet Union several caseshave been reported recently of people who can read and detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid doors and walls. One case concerns an 'ele ven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but who can also perceive things wit h different parts of her skin, and through solid walls. This ability was first noticed by her father. O ne day she came into his office and happened to put her hands on the door of a locked safe. Sudd enly she asked her father why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, and even desc ribed the way they were done up in bundles.Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a s cientific research institute in the town of UIyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was giv en a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the RussianFederal Repu blic. During these tests she was able to read a newspaper through an opaque screen and, strange r still, by moving her elbow over a child's game of Lotto she was able to describe the figures and c olours printed on it; and, in another instance, wearing stockings and slippers, to make out with h er foot the outlines and colours of a picture hidden under a carpet. Other experiments showed th at her knees and shoulders had a similar sensitivity. During all these tests Vera was blindfold; and, indeed, except when blindfold she lacked the ability to perceive things with her skin. lt was also f ound that although she could perceive things with her fingers this ability ceased the moment her hands were wet.6Lesson 5 YouthPeople are always talking about' the problem of youth '. If there is one —which I take leave to doubt --then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human bei ngs--people just like their elders. There is only one difference be tween an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorio us future before him and the old one has a splendid future behi nd him: and maybe that is where the rub is. When I was a teena ger,I felt that I was just young and uncertain --that I was a new b oy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be r egarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thin g, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that isone o f the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.I find youn g people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have n ot a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, a nd the origins of things. It's asif they were in some sense cosmi c beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatur es. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may b e conceited, illmannered, presumptuous of fatuous, but I do no t turn for protection to dreary clich a bout respect for elders-- as if mere agewere a reason for respect. I accept that we are e quals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wron g. Lesson 6 The sporting spiritI am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport create s goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common pe oples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket , they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield. Eve n if one didn't know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that international sporting contes ts lead to orgies of hatred, one could deduce it from general pri nciples.Nearly all the sports practised nowadays are competitive. You pl ayto win, and the game has little meaning unless you do youru tmost to win. On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play si mply for the fun and exercise: but as soon as the question of pr estige arises, assoon asyou feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instinct s are aroused. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this. At the international level sport is frankly mim ic warfare. But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the p layers but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the specta tors, of the nations. who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe--at any rate for short per iods--that running, jumping and kicking aball are tests of nation al virtue.刘晓华liuxiaohua72@ 8Lesson7 BatsNot all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats to see a casein which thePeople are always talking about' the problem of youth '. If there is one —which I take leave to doubt --then it is older people wh o create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human bei ngs--people just like their elders. There is only one difference be tween an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorio us future before him and the old one has a splendid future behi nd him: and maybe that is where the rub is. When I was a teena ger, I felt that I was just young and uncertain --that I wasanew b oyin a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to ber egarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thin g, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that isone o f the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.I find youn g people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they haven ot a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, a ndthe origins of things. It's asif they were in some sense cosmi c beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatur es. All thatis in my mind when I meet a young person. He may b e conceited, illmannered, presumptuous of fatuous, but I do no t turn for protection to dreary clich a bout respect for elders-- asifmere agewere areasonfor respect.Iacceptthat wearee quals,andIwill arguewith him,asanequal,ifIthink heiswron g.7Lesson6 The sporting spiritI am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport create s goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common pe oples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket , they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield. Eve n if one didn't know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that international sporting contes ts lead to orgies of hatred, one could deduce it from general pri nciples.Nearly all the sports practised nowadays are competitive. Youpl ayto win, and the game has little meaning unless you do youru tmost to win. Onthe village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play si mply for the fun and exercise: but as soon as the question of pr estige arises,assoon asyou feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savagecombative instinct sare aroused. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knowsthis. Atthe international level sport is frankly mim ic warfare. But the significant thing isnot the behaviour of the p layers but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the specta tors, of the nations. who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe--at any rate for short per iods--that running, jumping and kicking aball are tests of nation al virtue.刘晓华liuxiaohua72@ 8Lesson7 BatsNot all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats to see a casein which thePeople are always talking about' the problem of youth '. If there is one—whichI take leave to doubt --then it is older people wh o create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human bei ngs--people just like their elders. There is only one difference be tween an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorio us future before him and the old one has a splendid future behi nd him: and maybe that is where the rub is. When I was a teena ger, I felt that I was just young and uncertain --that Iwasanew b oy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be r egarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thin g, being a problem gives you a certain identity,and that isone o f the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.I find youn g people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have n ot a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, a ndthe origins of things. It's asif they were in some sense cosmi c beings in violent and lovely contrast with us suburban creatur es. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may b e conceited, illmannered, presumptuous of fatuous, but I do no t turn for protection to dreary clich a bout respect for elders-- asifmere agewere areasonfor respect.Iacceptthat weare e quals,and Iwill arguewith him,asan equal,ifIthink heiswron g.Lesson 6 The sporting spiritI am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport create s goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common pe oples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket , they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield. Eve n if one didn't know from concrete examples (the 1936 Olympic Games, for instance) that international sporting contes ts lead to orgies of hatred, one could deduce it from general pri nciples.Nearly all the sports practised nowadays are competitive. You pl ayto win, and the game has little meaning unless you do your u tmost towin. On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play si mply for the fun and exercise: but as soon as the question of pr estige arises, as soon asyou feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instinct s are aroused. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this. At the international level sport is frankly mim ic warfare. But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the p layers but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the specta tors, of the nations. who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe--at any rate for short per iods--that running, jumping and kicking aball are tests of nation al virtue.刘晓华liuxiaohua72@ 8Lesson7 BatsNot all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats to see a casein which the。
新概念英语第四册第二课
Lesson 2Spare that spider不要伤害蜘蛛First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How much of each year do spiders spend killing insects?Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the harm to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and insect never more than six.How many spiders are engaged in this work no our behalf? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.T. H. GILLESPLE Spare that spider from The ListenerNew words and expressionsbeastn. 野兽censusn. 统计数字acren. 英亩contentadj. 满足的参考译文你可能会觉得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么会是我们的朋友呢？因为它们能消灭那么多的昆虫，其中包括一些人类的大敌，要不是人类受一些食虫动物的保护，昆虫就会使我们无法在地球上生活下去，昆虫会吞食我们的全部庄稼，杀死我们的成群的牛羊。
新概念英语第四册第二单元课文原文
新概念英语第四册第二单元课文原文Lesson 2 Spare the spider 不要伤害蜘蛛Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six.How many spiders are engaged in this work on our behalf? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre, that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.。
新概念英语第四册-学习笔记
2. 用近义词的重复表强调
They had a single aim, a solitary goal – the top. The contract is null and void because of violations
3. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden. He is not such a man as woud leave his work half done. 他不是做事半途而废的人 Such talents as Nash and Howking can not be easily found.
11. fine
12. linen
13. at the thought
Key structures
1. The more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. 越艰险 越让人看中 The more haste , the less speed.
2. the moment…一…就… The minute he saw her he fell in love. 他对她一见倾心。 He was much better the last time I saw her. 上次见到她时她好多了
★ 以上 the moment, the minute, the last time 引导时间状语
perceive to have knowledge of something through one of the senses,sight or through the mind (通过感官，特别是视觉或者思)察觉，看见
新概念第四册 第二课课文
Lesson 2 Spare that spider不要伤害蜘蛛First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How much of each year do spiders spend killing insects?Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the harm to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and insect never more than six.How many spiders are engaged in this work no our behalf? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.T. H. GILLESPLE Spare that spider from The ListenerNew words and expressionsBeast n. 野兽Census n. 统计数字Acre n. 英亩Content adj. 满足的参考译文你可能会觉得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么会是我们的朋友呢？因为它们能消灭那么多的昆虫，其中包括一些人类的大敌，要不是人类受一些食虫动物的保护，昆虫就会使我们无法在地球上生活下去，昆虫会吞食我们的全部庄稼，杀死我们的成群的牛羊。
新概念英语第四册课文Lesson2
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Lesson 2 Spare that spider不要伤害蜘蛛First listen and then answer the following question.听录⾳，然后回答以下问题。
How much of each year do spiders spend killing insects?Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six.How many spiders are engaged in this work on our behalf? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6 million spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.New words and expressionsBeast n. 野兽Census n. 统计数字Acre n. 英亩Content adj. 满⾜的本⽂参考译⽂你可能会觉得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么会是我们的朋友呢？因为它们能消灭那么多的昆⾍，其中包括⼀些⼈类的⼤敌，要不是⼈类受⼀些⾷⾍动物的保护，昆⾍就会使我们⽆法在地球上⽣活下去，昆⾍会吞⾷我们的全部庄稼，杀死我们的成群的⽜⽺。
新概念四Lesson 2
…; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating a something quickly because you are very hungry Crop: a plant such as wheat, rice, or fruit that is grown by farmers and used as food Flock: a group of sheep, goats, or birds Herd: a group of animals of one kind that live and feed together ↪ flock Protection: when someone or something is protected Protect: to keep someone or something safe from harm, damage, or illness
How many … are engaged in … on our behalf? One authority on … made a census of …, and he estimated that …
Engage: to be doing or to become involved in an activity engage in doing something on sb’s behalf: because of or for someone Authority: expert, someone who knows a lot about a subject and whose knowledge and opinions are greatly respected Census: an official process of counting something for government planning Estimate: to try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, without calculating it exactly
(完整版)新概念英语第四册课文详解(L1-25)
Lesson 1 Finding fossil man第一课发现化石人by ROBIN PLACEfrom Finding fossil man1—1。
We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write。
【译文】我们能读到五千年前近东发生之事，那里的人最先学会了书写。
【单词和短语】read：此处为不及物动词，意为“读到，获悉”（to find out information from books,newspapers etc。
），后接of或about，例如:He reads about the war. 他读到关于战争的消息。
Did you read of their accident in the newspapers?你在报上看到他们遭遇意外事故的消息了么？5，000 years：五千年.另学习millennium,意为“一千年”，复数为millennia。
5，000 years 即为5 millennia。
the Near East：近东，指地中海东部沿岸地区，包括亚洲西南部和非洲东北部,有时还包括巴尔干半岛。
1—2。
But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write.【译文】但时至今日世上某些地方的人还不会书写.【单词和短语】even now:此处意为“甚至到现在”，例如:Even now he won't believe me. 他甚至到现在还不相信我。
even now另有两解,一为“就在此刻”，例如：Perhaps even now the time has arrived。
也许正是此刻时机来到了。
另一为“尽管这样，虽然情况如此”（in spite of what has happened）,例如：I have explained everything,but even now she doesn’t understand.我什么都解释了，但是尽管如此她还是不明白。
(最新版)新概念英语第四册-lesson-2-不要伤害蜘蛛--新四-lesson-two-spare that spider
Why, you may wonder, should spider be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race.
新三 Lesson 7 Mutilated Ladies
Has it ever happened to you? Have you ever put your trousers in the washing machine and then remembered there was a large bank note in your back pocket? When you rescued your trousers, did you find the note was whiter than white?
2
模板段—开篇 图表作文初探 用数字和专家做例证
• Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? • 你可能会奇怪,蜘蛛怎是 吾友？ • you may wonder为插 入语。
• 这里的should表示 “吃惊”, 作 “居然、竟然”讲。 • It is strange that he should do such a thing !
Ants
Ants are one of the most common insects.
Ants are insects
Insects have three body parts and six legs. Most insects do have antennae.
新概念英语第四册 Lesson2：Spare that spider
新概念英语第四册 Lesson2：Spare that spider Lesson 2 Spare that spider不要伤害蜘蛛First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
How much of each year do spiders spend killing1 insects?Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour2all our crops and kill our flocks and herds3, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the harm to us or our belongings4.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance, for a spider always has eight legs and insect never more than six.How many spiders are engaged in this work no our behalf? One authority on spiders made a census5 of the spiders in grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre; that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, notcontent with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.T. H. GILLESPLE Spare that spider from The ListenerNew words and expressionsBeast n. 野兽Census n. 统计数字Acre n. 英亩Content adj. 满足的参考译文你可能会觉得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么会是我们的朋友呢？因为它们能消灭那么多的昆虫，其中包括一些人类的大敌，要不是人类受一些食虫动物的保护，昆虫就会使我们无法在地球上生活下去，昆虫会吞食我们的全部庄稼，杀死我们的成群的牛羊。
新概念第四册lesson2
Lesson 2 Spare that spider
Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends ? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed
新概念4Lesson2课文
Spare that spiderWhy, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends?你可能会觉得奇怪，蜘蛛怎么会是我们的朋友呢？Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race.因为它们能消灭那么多的昆虫，其中包括一些人类的大敌。
Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.要不是人类受一些食虫动物的保护，昆虫就会使我们无法在地球上生活下去，昆虫会吞噬我们的全部庄稼，杀死我们成群的牛羊。
We own a lot to the birds and beats who eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders.我们要十分感谢那些吃昆虫的鸟和兽，然而把它们所杀死的昆虫全部加在一起也只相当于蜘蛛所消灭的一小部分。
Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.此外，蜘蛛不同于其它食虫动物，它们丝毫不危害我们和我们的财物。
Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫，但它们不是昆虫，甚至与昆虫毫无关系。
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新概念英语四册课堂笔记 Lesson 2：Spare that
spider
Lesson 2 Spare that spider 别伤害蜘蛛
Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends ? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include
some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it
were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all
of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders.
Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never do the least harm to us or our belongings.
Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. One can tell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six. How many spiders are engaged in this
work on our behalf ? One authority on spiders made a census
of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and
he estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre, that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds
on a football pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than
the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content with only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed
by spiders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the country.
T. H. GILLESPIE Spare that Spider from The Listener
New words and expressions 生词短语
flocks and herds 牛群和羊群
／flCk/ the birds of the same feather flock together.物以类聚，人以群分
you are the same flock.也可指人
herd多指牛群cowherdcowboythrong and crowd swarm
owe /[U/ vt.感激欠 i owe you.i owe you a big favor. 欠issue
obligeindebt appreciate----常用口语词正式：gratefulthankful
beast /bi： st/ n 兽形容人野蛮无比，不能用animal 形容
creature能够指小孩，女人，不用于男性．
fraction / ＇frAkF[n/ n.小部分分数，小数 a fraction of rice will suffice
on one＇s behalf 代表．．．利益
I beat you on your behalf.我打你是为你好 on behalf of somebody /something
e.g on behalf of chinese government on behalf of ＝represent
authority /C：＇WCriti/ n.authorize批准 authoritative性的 authoritarian独裁的
－tarian带有这种词缀的词都是坏词 dictator独裁者dictatorial独裁的
authorities １．（可单数可复数）２．*（复数）
census /sens[s/ n.统计数据the fifth national population census.censor审查
censorious 挑剔的，挑刺的
acre /＇eik[/ n.英亩１acre＝４０４７square meters
football pitch 足球场 football yardfootball court football field
be content with 满足于满足作表语，不能出现定语结构
He is content with status quo.contented heart ：心满意足的人
spare /spZ[/ v. 不伤害，宽恕spare meHe doesn’t spare himself.
I spare no efforts to learn english.( spare no efforts：不遗余力作什么)
Notes on the text 课文注释
why, you may wonder－you may wonder why插入语先不管插入语，弄清句子结构
you may wonder why spiders should be our friends？插入语位置不固定
why以疑问句开头
why,you may wonder,the problem of pollution befalls human beings.
why,you may wonder,one of my friends is so kindhearted.
destroy水准比damage要重得多，片甲不留，消灭光
tear into pieces
dear enemy
greatest enemies：天敌dying enemycrying enemy
human race：人的种族，一般不加复数，表示一个总称词
impossible 和possible 永远不要以人开头
It is impossible for somebody to do something.
likely能够以人做主语。
i am likely to go. probable 也不以人做主语
they would表示假设
devour狼吞虎咽devour the food
make a cake of myself make a god of myself
devour the book
it虚拟语气前面是主句，下面是条件句
前面一般的加动词devour,后面用一般过去时
If it were not for：如果这不是因为
I would not survive if it were not for his timely help.
but for 一定是虚拟语气＝if it were not for
owe感激，欠 i owe you.
引出主题all of them put together：把他们堆到一起destroyed 后置定语，重心转到 spider 谓语动词是kill。