科技论文写作 - 结构性摘要范例

1. DOE based three-dimensional finite element analysis for predicting density of a

laser-sintered part

A.K. Singh, Regalla Srinivasa Prakash

Abstract:

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to investigate the transient three-dimensional temperature distribution for a laser sintered duraform fine polyamide part by a moving Gaussian laser beam. The primary objective of the present paper is to develop computationally efficient numerical simulation technique with the commercially available finite element software domain for the accurate prediction of the temperature history and heat-affected zones of the laser sintered parts so as to finally obtain the density of the sintered sample.

Design/methodology/approach– The paper proposes a mathematical model of scanning by moving laser beam and sintering sub-model. Based on the mathematical models, a simulation model was developed by using author written subroutines in ANSYS® 11.0, a general purpose finite element software. The simulation model was then run at experimental designed points using two-level factorial design of experiments(DOE) approach. The data thus generated were used to predict the equation for the density of sintered part in terms of process parameters using Design Expert software in order to analyse the designed experiments.

Findings– Laser power and scan spacing were found to be significant parameters affecting the part density. Amongst the interaction terms, significant effect of laser power was found on the part density at the lower settings of the scan velocity. Temperature-time plots were generated to study the transient temperature distribution for the sintering process and with further applicability to study the thermal stresses.

Research limitations/implications– The simulation model hence developed can be used for only simple part geometries and cannot be generalised for any complex geometry. Originality/value– The paper presents a simulation model which is integrated with a DOE approach so as to develop a robust as well as simple and fast approach for the optimization of quality objective.

Document Information:

2. Title: Artificially intelligent conversational agents in libraries

Author(s): Victoria L. Rubin, (Faculty of Information and Media Studies, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada), Yimin Chen, (Faculty of Information and Media Studies, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada), Lynne Marie Thorimbert, (Marigold Library System, Strathmore, Canada)

Citation: Victoria L. Rubin, Yimin Chen, Lynne Marie Thorimbert, (2010) "Artificially intelligent conversational agents in libraries", Library Hi Tech, Vol. 28 Iss: 4, pp.496 – 522 Keywords: Academic libraries, Canada, Information retrieval, Intelligent agents, Public libraries, User interfaces

Article type: Research paper

DOI: 10.1108/07378831011096196 (Permanent URL)

Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited

Abstract:

Purpose–Conversational agents are natural language interaction interfaces designed to simulate conversation with a real person. This paper seeks to investigate current development and applications of these systems worldwide, while focusing on their availability in Canadian libraries. It aims to argue that it is both timely and conceivable for Canadian libraries to consider adopting conversational agents to enhance – not replace –face-to-face human interaction. Potential users include library web site tour guides, automated virtual reference and readers' advisory librarians, and virtual story-tellers. To provide background and justification for this argument, the paper seeks to review agents from classic implementations to state-of-the-art prototypes: how they interact with users, produce language, and control conversational behaviors.

Design/methodology/approach –The web sites of the 20 largest Canadian libraries were surveyed to assess the extent to which specific language-related technologies are offered in Canada, including conversational agents. An exemplified taxonomy of four pragmatic purposes that conversational agents currently serve outside libraries – educational, informational, assistive, and socially interactive – is proposed and translated into library settings.

Findings –As of early 2010, artificially intelligent conversational systems have been found to be virtually non-existent in Canadian libraries, while other innovative technologies proliferate (e.g. social media tools). These findings motivate the need for a broader awareness and discussion within the LIS community of these systems' applicability and potential for library purposes.

Originality/value– This paper is intended for reflective information professionals who seek a greater understanding of the issues related to adopting conversational agents in libraries, as this topic is scarcely covered in the LIS literature. The pros and cons are discussed, and insights offered into perceptions of intelligence (artificial or not) as well as the fundamentally social nature of human-computer interaction.