人教版必修5 unit5过去分词讲解

the past participle-表语
The book is broken.书破了。 The house is crowded.这房子很拥挤。
1.过去分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特 征或状态。用作表语的过去分词，主要表 示动作的完成和事物的状态。此时的过去 分词相当于一个形容词，其后常不跟 by 短语。
2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主 语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。
非谓语
The past participle as Attribute and Predicate
非谓语-the past participle
Form(构成): v +ed 或不规则的变化动词
否定： not+v-ed
the past participle-Meaning
1.He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 3. The retired worker advised me to drink more water 4. The fallen leaves have covered the whole road.
the past participle-表语
过去分词作表语: 多表示主语所处的状态，构成的谓语有 时接近被动结构，但并无“完成”或 “被动”之意。过去分词常放于系动词 be，get，remain，seem等后作表语，其 用法相当于形容词。
过去分词作表语
1.用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表 示动作的完成和状态，此时相当于一个形容 词。
the past participle-定语
Meaning(构成): 过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成， 及物动词的过去分词作定语:既可表示被 动也可表示完成; 不及物动词的过去分词作定语:不表示被 动，只表示完成;
3. 过去分词作定语
位置
English is a widely used language. This is one of the schools built in 1980s.
Meaning(构成): 1.表被动 2.表示动作已经完成
源自文库
The past participle as Attribute
the past participle-定语
1.fallen leaves 落叶 2.returned students 归国留学生 3.newly-arrived visitors 新到的客人 4.The used books have been recycled (表示被动和完成)
the past participle-表语
1.When we heard of it, we were deeply moved. 当我们听到这件事，我们被深深地感动了。 2.He seemed quite satisfied with the idea. 他似乎对这个想法很满意。
2.当“人”作主语时用过去分词作表语，表示 主语的状态或思想感情以及感受等； 可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有： delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited, frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied
不及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示动作 的完成,不表示被动
the past participle-定语
1.the cold boiled water 冷开水 2.a developed country 3.The fallen leaves have covered the whole road
及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动及 动作的完成。(与所修饰的词是一种动宾的 逻辑关系)
过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定 语，前后常有逗号。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
他们当中有一些人, 生长在农村，从 未见过火车。
The past participle as Predicate
The past participle as the Attribute and Predicate
非谓语
谓语or非谓语?
1.Tom came in the classroom,_h_o_l_d_in_g__(hold) a book in his hand. 2. Tom came in the classroom and_h__e_ld____(hold) a book in his hand. 3.Tom who _h_e_l_d____(hold) a book in his hand came in the classroom. 4.Tom came in the classroom but he _f_o_rg_o_t___(forget) to take the textbook.
单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的 前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰 词的后面,相当于定语从句。
1.Near the window there is a bookshelf filled with books. =Near the window there is a bookshelf which is filled with books. 2.Her daughter, brought up by me, has begun to work now. =Her daughter, who was brought up by me, has begun to work now.