华盛顿欧文自述第三段
睡谷传奇-华盛顿欧文
Part 3 The final fight
The final fight
Although the nature of the Headless Horseman is left open to interpretation, the story implies that the Horseman was really Brom Van Brunt in disguise (乔装).
Position in American literature
• • • • • Father of American literature the first American (true) literary writer the first American literary humorist the first modern short story writer the first to write history and biography as entertainment
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
• Part 1
The introduction of a village of Dutch settlers in Sleep Hollow, which was said to be bewitched by many ghosts and witch power. The dominated spirit was a headless horseman, who would come out at night in quest of his head.
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow
Washington Irving
About the author
英美文学之华盛顿欧文
英美文学之华盛顿欧文华盛顿·欧文(Washington Irving, 1783 年4 月3 日– 1859年11月28日)美国作家。
出生于纽约。
他的父亲是纽约富有的五金商人，长老会执事，政治上反对英国殖民统治；他敬重华盛顿，因而给儿子取名为华盛顿。
欧文幼年体弱多病，16岁辍学，先后在几个律师事务所学法律，但对法律并没有兴趣，喜爱文学，从小喜欢看《鲁滨逊漂流记》、《格列佛游记》这种历险故事，还常常钻到剧院里去看戏。
欧文后来最知名的作品是《见闻札记》，写的就是在外游历的故事，不能不说是幼时受到了读书的影响。
1802年，19岁的欧文在《早晨纪事报》上发表了几篇书信体散文，崭露头角。
1804年因病赴欧洲休养，到过法国、意大利和英国，作了大量旅途笔记，为以后的创作积累了丰富的素材，一度想成为画家。
1806年回国后在弗吉尼亚州任律师，后帮助他的两个哥哥经营进口生意。
他对法律和经商之道都不甚精通。
这时他与律师霍夫曼的女儿玛蒂尔达订婚，妻子早逝于1809年，后来他虽有过几次恋爱，却一直过着独身生活。
1807年，他和哥哥威廉等人共同创办一种不定期刊物《杂拌》，沿袭18世纪英国作家乔纳森·斯威夫特、亨利·菲尔丁以及约瑟夫·艾迪生和理查德·斯梯尔的《旁观者》的传统，开始了他的文学创作活动，显露出他的幽默、风趣和含蓄的讽刺才能。
欧文的第一部重要作品是化名狄德里希·尼克尔包克尔所写《纽约外史》(A History of New York，1809年)，作者自称它的主要目的在于“以逗趣的形式体现我们这个城市的传统；阐述本地人的脾性、风俗和特色；给本地的风光与场所以及熟悉的人物披上一层唤起想象力的怪念丛生的联想”。
书中讽刺了荷兰殖民者在纽约的统治，驳斥了殖民主义者为奴役和屠杀印第安人所制造的荒谬的论据。
这部作品受到欧美广大读者的欢迎，英国小说家沃尔特·司各特曾说,他从未读过这样酷似斯威夫特的风格的作品。
欧文生平 英文
1.Early years’ experience and accumulation1、儿时Washington Irving was born in Manhattan, New York City, in 1783. His family was part of the city's small, vibrant merchant class. At the same week, The United States defeated the British achieved the victory of the revolution of independence. So his family named him after the hero of revolution, George Washington.Ivring was invalid when he was young and finally leave school when he was 16. After that he worked as a student in several law firms, but he has no interest in law. On the contrary, he was fond of literature ever since he was a child. He like to read adventure stories, such as Robinson Crusoe and Gulliver's Travels. And he had often sneaking into theatres to watch dramas. His brothers often encourage him to pursued his literary aspirations with financially support.In 1798, Manhattan outbreaks of yellow fever. Considered for Ivring’s safty, his family send him to Tarrytown. “Sleepy Hollow” is located a short distance away from Tarrytown. In there, Ivring became familiar with its quaint Dutch customs and local ghost stories. Ivring also made several other trips along the Hudson river. During these trips, he passed through the Gatskill mountain region, it’s the setting for “Rip Van Winkle”. These experiences have a powerful witching effect on Ivring’s boyish imagination, as himself said.2、少年时期At the age of 19, Irving began writing letters to the New York Morning Chronicle. These letters were comments on the city's news or theater scene. These letters bring Ivring both fame and infamy.Concerned for his health, Irving's brothers financed him to travel around Europe from 1804 to 1806. Irving bypassed many sites and locations which is be nefit for a of a young man’s development, including France, Italy and England. He had took a large number of travel notes during this experience, which accumulated meaningful materials for his later creation. While visiting Rome in 1805, he once want be a painter.二、成就After returned from Europe, he had been worked as a layer in Virginia, after that he helped his two brothers with their import business. But he’s not good at law, nor good at business. At the same time, Irving began actively socializing with a group of literate young men. And in 1807, Collaborating with his brother William and those young men, Irving created the literary magazine Salmagundi . In Salmagundi, Ivring comment New York culture and politics in a manner of lampoon. Ivring r evealed his talent of humor, witty and satire. It spreading Ivring’s fame beyond New York City.The first important work of Ivirng is A History of New-York under the pseudonymof Diedrich Knickerbocker. This work was making a great hit with the reading public.Before this, although America has been independence more than thirty years, but in literature, it has failed to get rid of the shackles of Britain all the time. Ivring use American’s local subject matters to write A History of New-York have important significance to promote American’s National literature.美国作为一个新生的独立国家，各方面百业待兴。
WASHINGTON IRVING 华盛顿·欧文
IRVING
Biography
CONTENTS
Writing style
Evaluation
Major works
Biography
CONTENTS
Writing style
Evaluation
Major works
Biography
ONE
Washington Irving (April 3, 1783 – November 28, 1859) was an American author, essayist, biographer, historian, and diplomat of the early 19th century.
He settled down in a small village and began the
writing of The Sketch Book
Youth 2
By the time when he was 23 years old (1809),he had roamed England, Holland, France Italy and Hudson Valley. After collecting sufficient original materials for writing and a good practice of editing a journal ,he formed his particular political Idea and writing style .
PHOTO
EARLY YEARS
The Irving family settled in Manhattan, New York
City, and was part of the city's small, vibrant merchant class when Washington Irving was born on April 3, 1783, the same week city residents learned of the British ceasefire that ended the American Revolution; Irving’s mother named him after the hero of the revolution, George Washington. At age six, with the help of a nanny, Irving met his namesake, who was then living in New York after his inauguration as president in 1789. The president blessed young Irving, an encounter Irving later commemorated in a small watercolor painting, which still hangs in his home today. The Irving's lived at 131 William Street at the time of Washington Irving's birth. The family later moved across the street to 128 William St. Several of Washington Irving's older brothers became active New York merchants, and they encouraged their younger brother's literary aspirations, often supporting him financially as he pursued his writing career.
华盛顿·欧文
Plot Summary
• Set in the years before and after the Revolution war, the story “Rip Van Wrinkle” relates the titular protagonist’s supernatural sleep of 20 years and his puzzlement over the changes effected by the establishment of US as a new nation. Rip Van Wrinkle, a hen-packed, goodnatured, good-for-nothing man, lives a peaceful life in the Pre-independent America. In an escape from his shrew wife, he meets some ghosts in the mountains, drinks their alcohol, and falls into a sleep that lasts 20 years.
名人传记英文短篇故事
名人传记英文短篇故事在历史上有很对伟大的人物，那么这些伟大的人物有哪些呢?下面是小编精心整理的英语名人传记，看看有没有你认识的吧。
名人传记：华盛顿Washington was the first president of the U.S. He was very clever even when he was still a 12-year-old-boy.Once a thief stole some money from Uncle Post, Washington's neighbor. The door of the house was not broken, and things in the room were in good order. Washington concluded that the thief must have been committed by one of the villagers.That evening at the villagers' meeting the said, "We don't know who stole the money but God does. God sends his wasp1 to tell good from evil. Every night the wasp flies among us but few people notice it…" Then, all of a sudden Washington waved his hand and cried out, "Look! The wasp has landed on the thief's hat. It is going to sting2!"The crowd burst into an uproar3. Everybody turned to look for the thief. But soon the noise died down. All eyes were fixed4 on a man who was trying hard to drive the "Wasp" off his hat."Now we know who stole the money," Washington said with a smile.华盛顿是美国的第一任总统，他在12岁时就十分聪明。
华盛顿欧文
The 1798 outbreak of yellow fever in Manhattan prompted his family to send him to healthier climes upriver, and Irving was dispatched to stay with his friend James Kirke Paulding in Tarrytown, New York. It was in Tarrytown that Irving became familiar with the nearby town of Sleepy Hollow, with its quaint Dutch customs and local ghost stories.
引用了英国诗人詹姆斯.汤姆逊( James Thomson, ) 的著名寓言体长诗《逍遥官》 ( Castle of Indoence) 中的两句。
In the third paragraph: The whole neighborhood abounds with local tales, haunted spots, and twilight superstitious, stars shoot and meteors glare oftener across the valley than in any other part of the country ...,seems to make it the favourite scene of her gambols, and the nightmare, with her whole nine fold, 引用了莎士比亚《李尔王》中的一句 and the nightmare, with her whole nine fold ( 梦魇和她的九个小鬼).
名人励志故事坚持梦想的勇气与决心
名人励志故事坚持梦想的勇气与决心名人励志故事——坚持梦想的勇气与决心在人们的心目中，名人往往被赋予了无与伦比的光环，他们的成功被视为一种奇迹，似乎与常人的生活毫不相干。
然而，如果我们仔细研究名人们的经历，就会发现，无论是身处逆境还是面临困难，他们都展现了坚持梦想所需的勇气与决心。
本文将通过一些名人励志故事，探讨他们是如何在逆境中坚持梦想，并最终取得成功的。
【段落1】华盛顿·欧文是一位拥有强烈梦想的黑人运动员。
在20世纪30年代的美国，对于黑人而言，面临的种族隔离与歧视无所不在。
然而，欧文并没有被这些逆境和困难击垮。
他在1936年的柏林奥运会上，破天荒地获得了4枚金牌，成为了当时全世界瞩目的焦点。
【段落2】华盛顿·欧文的成功离不开他的勇气与决心。
虽然面对着美国社会的种族隔离，他始终坚持自己对运动的热爱与激情。
他勇敢地挑战了当时的局限，通过自己的努力与勇气，向世人证明了黑人也可以在运动领域取得辉煌的成就。
【段落3】另一个例子是史蒂夫·乔布斯，他是苹果公司的创始人之一。
乔布斯年轻时创办了苹果公司，然而由于多种原因，他被公司逐出，陷入了事业的低谷。
尽管面临巨大的压力和困境，乔布斯并没有放弃。
他坚持自己对科技创新的梦想，并最终重新回到苹果公司，将其带向了巅峰。
【段落4】乔布斯的故事告诉我们，坚持梦想需要有无尽的勇气与决心。
他曾说过：“记住你即将死亡，从而活出每一天。
”这句话凸显了他对于持续追求梦想的执着和决心。
正是这种勇气和决心，让乔布斯能够在逆境中找到机会，最终实现了他的梦想。
【段落5】除了华盛顿·欧文和史蒂夫·乔布斯，还有许多其他名人也展现了坚持梦想所需的勇气与决心。
比如，贝多芬在失去听力的情况下仍然坚持创作音乐，马克·扎克伯格在大学时期创立了Facebook，克里斯托弗·诺兰在拍摄电影《盗梦空间》时面临财政困境等等。
【段落6】这些名人励志故事告诉我们，坚持梦想的道路并不平坦，面对挑战和困难时需要有勇气和决心。
英国的农村生活［美］华盛顿·欧文
英国人这一种的温馨的土地观念，他们的安静的生活习惯，他们的深厚的天伦之乐——这种种毕竟是一切最稳固的美德的根本，一切最纯洁的乐趣的源泉。
英国上流社会喜欢乡村生活，这一点对于英国民族性也有很大的好影响。英国的绅士阶级实在是世界上最优秀的人士。别的国家的所谓上等人大多是文弱纤巧，可是英国的绅士大多文武兼资，仪态固然优雅，可是体魄顽强，脸色红润，其原因我想是出于他们的户外生活的习惯，出于他们热心地喜好种种乡村的健身活动。他们的身体不断地操练，他们的心智精神都变得非常健康，他们有质朴的习惯，有男子汉雄纠纠的气概；他们即使在城里所过的仍是荒唐愚昧的生活，但是在乡村里所培养的良好的习惯，却不容易变质，更不会全部丧失的。乡村里面阶级的划分并不十分严格，各阶层的人可以比较自由地互相来往，互相混杂，而彼此之间可以有切磋观摩的影响。在都市里便不然，各阶级的层次井然，互相之间不能越雷池一步。乡村里并非没有贫富之別，上面有贵族，下面有各级乡绅、小地主、中农，以迄雇农，但是田产并不集中在少数人手里，小型田庄与农场非常之多，上面所说的秩序井然的各种阶级，只是使社会贫富两极端更趋团结，而各中等阶级也都有自立自尊的精神。可是我们不得不承认：现在的情形已不如从前，并不是处处这样的和谐美满了。最近这几年经济萧条，大地主已经吞并了小地主，在有些地方，独立精神很强的小农阶级差不多已全被消灭了。可是我相信这不过是偶然的反常现象，我所讲的整个的制度是不会改变的。
Washington Irving
Washington Irving: Father of American LiteratureAs is known to all, Washington Irving is honored as “Father of American Literature”He has made great contributions to the development of American literature in many fields.However, there are some people arguing that Washington Irving should n’t be regarded as “Father of American Literature”. In the article"驳华盛顿·欧文是‘美国文学之父’说",the author holds that"无论就作品的主题而言，还是就写作风格而言，欧文都不应该被称作‘美国文学之父’”. He demonstrates his viewpoint from four aspects. Firstly, Irving has a strong feeling of dependency to Europe; secondly, most materials of his works derive from Europe; thirdly, his language has a typical style of British English; finally, Irving has become emotionally estranged from America after living in Europe for most of his lifetime. Therefore, he thinks that Irving can’t truly represent American literature and he isn’t worthy of the name of “Father of American Literature”.From my point of view, this argument is not persuasive enough. I still firmly believe that Irving lives up to his reputation.To begin with, as a matter of fact, Washington Irving is the first to write according to American subjects and attain international reputation. Together with Cooper, Irving starts the new Romantic period. Many of their works describe American historical legends, social customs and natural scenery. Their works reflect the American people’s efforts to break through the shackles of European literature and lay solid foundations for the development of independent American literature. So I can’t agree with the above viewpoint that Irving can’t be called “Father of American Literature”for his works subjects.Next, Europe has provided Irving with the creation sources, which is a necessary though not a sufficient condition for Irving’s works. We can’t deny that most of his works take European folk tales as the source materials. But this does not prove that Irving is not a real American writer. When he was in Europe, he positively plunged into the thick of life and observed life carefully, which made it possible for him to accumulate the rich creation source materials. However, although his materials are collected from the European folk tales, Irving doesn’t imitate European stories indiscriminately when writing. Instead, he has endowed them with American style with his gifted pen. He absorbs the cream of European culture and literature and creates his unique wring style that is fresh, natuiral, humorous and musical. Besides, Irving has a deal of sentiment for American. After all, he is an American. Every citizen has a special feeling for his motherland. Although Irving has spent most of his lifetime in Europe, he still stayed at his motherland by his heart. He alsoworked for America when he was abroad. For example, he worked as secretary of the American legation in London from 1827 to 1831. And after seventeen years abroad he returned with the desire to portray his own country again. Many of his works are about American. Though Irving has nostalgic feelings, which seems to be incompatible with the times he lived in. It does not mean that he does not love his country.Finally, it is universally acknowledged that Washington Irving has made great achievements in literature and has made an enormous contribution to the development of American literature. Just as mentioned in the article"华盛顿·欧文——激活美国文学创作潜力的巨人",calling Irving “Father of American Literature”is not an exaggeration at all.”或许欧文在某些方面的重要性不及爱默生、马克·吐温、爱伦·坡等人，但他对于激活美国文学创作潜力的作用却是无可替代的，是欧文使美国文坛出现了白花齐放的繁荣局面，也是欧文使美国文学真正成为世界文化大家庭中的重要一员，称其为美国文学的巨人是实至名归。
欧文的故事作文
欧文的故事作文欧文，一个普普通通的家伙，却有着一段让人忍不住捧腹大笑又感慨万分的经历。
那时候，欧文还在一个不大不小的城市里过着按部就班的生活。
工作嘛，说不上讨厌，但也没多少激情。
每天就是上班、下班，两点一线，日子像复印机印出来的一样，毫无新意。
直到有一天，欧文做了一个大胆的决定——他要去学跳舞！这可不是一般的舞蹈，而是那种热情奔放的拉丁舞。
说起这决定的缘由，还真是有点意思。
欧文在一次偶然的机会，路过一个广场，看到一群人在跳拉丁舞，那充满活力的步伐，那自信飞扬的笑容，一下子就击中了他的心。
于是，欧文满怀热情地报名参加了一个拉丁舞培训班。
刚开始的时候，那可真是状况百出。
欧文那僵硬的身体，就像是被施了定身咒一样，怎么都扭不起来。
老师在前面示范得优雅动人，而欧文在后面模仿得就像一只刚学会走路的笨熊，左摇右摆，滑稽极了。
“欧文，你的腰要再灵活一点，别那么僵硬！”老师忍不住喊道。
欧文满脸通红，嘴里嘟囔着：“这腰它不听我使唤啊！”同学们看到他那副模样，都忍不住笑出声来。
但欧文可没放弃，他咬着牙，一遍又一遍地练习着。
每次上课，欧文总是最早到的那个。
他会在教室里先自己琢磨一会儿动作，等老师来了再虚心请教。
慢慢地，欧文的动作开始有了那么点儿样子。
记得有一次，培训班要举行一场小小的内部比赛。
欧文心里那个紧张啊，就像有一万只小兔子在乱蹦。
“哎呀，我这水平能行吗？”欧文自言自语道。
比赛那天，欧文穿着一身闪亮的舞服，站在舞台边上，手心全是汗。
音乐响起，他深吸一口气，迈出了第一步。
刚开始还挺顺利，可跳到一半，欧文一激动，居然踩错了步子，差点摔了个跟头。
但他反应还算快，硬是稳住了身形，继续跳了下去。
比赛结束后，欧文虽然没有拿到好名次，但他却特别开心。
“嘿，至少我没在台上出大丑，这就是进步！”他笑着对自己说。
随着时间的推移，欧文的拉丁舞水平越来越高。
他不再是那个笨手笨脚的新手，而是能够在舞池中自如舞动的“高手”。
有一回，欧文参加了一个社区的文艺演出。
Rip Van Winkle——华盛顿欧文
The Significance of American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War was of great historical importance and influence. A new republic and democratic country emerged and marked a new beginning of American history.
The victory of the American people also encouraged those in the colonies ruled by the Spanish and promoted the national liberation struggle of other colonies in the world.
Chinese stories
《贾奉雉》 《桃花源记》 烂柯人的故事 刘阮天台的故事
Thank you for listening！
Theme of Rip Van Winkle
Rip merely desires a leisurely, casual, convivial life, but his wife calls him home from the congenial atmosphere of the inn and lectures him in bed at night. Irving never, however, permits Dame Van Winkle’s point of view to obtrude; she does not speak in the story, and Irving elicits no sympathy for her. She is the enemy partly because she embodies a whole culture that is at odds with Rip's values: that of the tidy, thrifty, ambitious Dutch. While loving freedom, Rip placidly endured the tyranny of Dame Van Winkle and King George and has escaped playing any role in the forging of American liberty. He has avoided the tribulations of family life by losing all title as husband and becoming dependent on his daughter, while he has sloughed off his responsibilities as patriot by choosing “overnight”status as a senior citizen.
华盛顿欧文
Washington Irving(1783-1859) American author, short story writer, essayist, poet, travel book writer, biographer, and columnist. He was one of the first American writers to earn an international reputation, and regarded as an early Romantic writer in the American literary history and Father of the American short stories.
Washington Irving
Irving’s hope, plan and dreams come to a crashing halt after the loss of his only love, yet he found his refuge from the grief in the researches on A History of New York from the Beginning of the World to the End of the Dutch Dynasty, which was a great success and won him wide popularity after it came out in 1809. With the publication of The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. Irving won a measure of international fame on both sides of the Atlantic. The book contains familiar essays on the English life and Americanized versions of European folk tales like “Rip Van Winkle” and “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”.
《作者自述》的汉语译文对比赏析
《作者自述》的汉语译文对比赏析作者：张美娟来源：《校园英语·上旬》2017年第09期【摘要】鉴赏一部作品，不仅要对比分析前人的成果，也要掌握翻译技巧和翻译策略。
《作者自述》是《见闻札记》的首篇，是华盛顿·欧文的代表作。
他的作品幽默夸张，充满了浪漫主义色彩。
本篇论文就是在原文的基础上运用一些翻译技巧和翻译方法来对比赏析《作者自述》这篇文章。
【关键词】《作者自述》翻译技巧翻译策略赏析鉴赏一篇文章是非常困难的，要把握好作者想要表达意思，不能曲解原意。
在鉴赏这篇散文时可以从翻译技巧和翻译策略上赏析。
一、从翻译技巧方面分析掌握翻译技巧可以更好地赏析这篇散文。
使用曾译，减译和分译等技巧来赏析时这篇散文。
《作者自述》是一篇散文，在翻译和赏析它时不可避免的运用到一些翻译技巧。
在通读这篇散文后，我们不难看出译者用到曾译，减译的翻译技巧。
使用这些技巧来翻译文章，可以使读者更好地理解。
在夏济安译本中，就采用了曾译的翻译技巧。
如This rambling propensity strengthened with my years.翻译为“岁月增添，游兴更盛”，这句翻译不仅使用曾译的翻译技巧，而且译文是都是四字，四字格在内容上，言简意赅；形式上，它整齐匀称；语音上，它读起来朗朗上口，使文章充满了文学的美，即达到了传意，又达到了传神的效果。
同时还运用到了重复法的翻译技巧。
这样能跟忠实与原文，语义更加明确，读者也能更好地理解和赏析。
在在夏济安译本中，就很好的运用了重复谓语的翻译技巧。
例如，I visited the neighboring villages，and added greatly to my stock of knowledge. 在这句中就运用了并列谓语。
使文章加强了语气，更好的渲染本片散文的意境。
二、从翻译策略层面分析常见的一些翻译策略有直译和意译，归化和异化等方法。
在这篇散文中，“town-crier”的翻译译者就采取不同的翻译策略，例如夏济安采用了归化的翻译策略，翻译为“镇上的地保”，是站在读者的角度翻译的，并且采用了意译的翻译方法；而李明译的“街头公告员”则采取了“异化”策略，异化的翻译策略更好地表达了原作者的真实想法，更靠近读者，同时也采用了直译的翻译策略。
华盛顿欧文英文介绍
American Romanticism
• E. Nature is believed to be the source of goodness and antithesis of society as society tends to be corrupt.
American Romanticism
• 1.Time: the publication of Washington Irving's
The Sketch Book（1819）and ended with
Whitman's Leaves of Grass（1855）; • 2. It was a rebellion against the objectivity of
Washington Irving’s Life
• Irving’s birthplace: New York City • Family background: a rather wealthy
merchant family. • Education: a desultory student; reading
• B.Since they placed a higher value on the free expression of emotion and on the power of imagination, they showed greater interests in the psychic states.
华盛顿欧文英文介绍
04
Washington Irving's Style and
Characteristics
Unique sense of humor
His humor was often wry and self deprecating, making fun of his own appearance or character This self-awareness and ability to poke fun at himself have his stories a unique charge that was both charging and smoking
Introduction of the natural in culture
Irving's works were among the first to introduce the natural in culture, a trend that has persisted in global culture
Later Works
Over the course of his career, Irving pending numerical works across various genres, including biographies, novels, short stories, and travel narratives His most rapid works include "The Legend of Sleep Hollow" and "Rip Van Winkle," both of which are considered to be among the most ionic short stories in American literature
华盛顿欧文 作者自述第四段翻译
I longed to wander over the scenes of renowned achievement — to tread, as it were, in the footsteps of antiquity- to loiter about the ruined castle — to meditate on the falling tower—to escape, in short, from the commonplace realities of the present, and lose myself among the shadowy grandeurs of the past.
我渴望在历史文化成就中遨游——仿佛在古老的 迹中踏寻——于废墟古堡里流连——在坍塌的阁 中冥想——总之，逃离这俗世的纷扰，沉浸在过 虚无的繁华里。
然而欧洲具有一种魅力，能产生历史悠久的和具有 诗意的联想。
There were to be seen the masterpieces of art, the refinements of highly-cultivated society, the quaint peculiarities of ancient and local custom. My native country was full of youthful promise; Europe was rich in the accumulated treasures of age. Her very ruins told the history of times gone by, and every mouldering stone was排比 拟人 3 在不改变原文的思想和主题外，尽量保持 中英修辞手法的一致和使译文优美具有可 读性
《西敏大寺》（华盛顿·欧文）
《西敏大寺》（华盛顿·欧文）西敏大寺○【美】华盛顿·欧文选自《世界上最优美的散文》时方晚秋，气象肃穆，略带忧郁，早晨的阴影和黄昏的阴影，几乎连接在一起，不可分别，岁云将暮，终日昏暗，我就在这么一天，到西敏大寺去信步走了几个钟头。
古寺巍巍，森森然似有鬼气，和阴沉沉的季候正好相符；我跨进大门，觉得自己好像已经置身远古世界，忘形于昔日的憧憧鬼影之中了。
我是从西敏学校的内庭走进去的，先走过一条弧顶的矮矮的长廊，墙壁很厚，墙上有圆孔，略有光线透入，廊中幽暗，幽幽然似在地下行走。
黑廊尽头，我远远的看见大寺里的回廊，一个老年香火道人，身穿黑袍，正沿着拱廊阴影里踽踽走去，看起来就像从附近的古坟里爬出来的鬼魂。
我从当年僧院遗址那条路进入古寺，景象分外凄凉，我心也更适宜于往凄凉方面冥想了。
回廊一带依然保留有几分当年的幽静出世之慨。
灰色的墙壁为霉气所蒸，显得斑斑驳驳，年代己久，颓坏之象，也很明显。
墙上长了一层白苍苍的苔薛，非但上面的碑文不可读，连骷髅像和别的丧用标志都模糊不清。
弧顶布满雕刻花纹，可是斧钻的痕迹，也已模糊；拱心石上面雕有玫瑰花，可是当年枝叶茂美之状，已经不可复见。
每样东西都可以看出年久衰败之象，可是即使处在颓朽之中，依然不乏赏心悦目之处。
一道带有秋意的黄色阳光，正从回廊环绕的广场上空倾泻下来；照耀着场中央一块稀疏的草坪，同时把上有拱顶的过道一角抹上一层阴郁的光辉。
从拱廊之间向上望去，可以瞥见一抹蓝天，或一朵游云，还有那镀着阳光，伸向碧空的寺顶尖塔，也巍然在目。
我踯躅于回廊之间，时而凝视着这幅辉煌和颓败交融的景象，时而竭力辨认那些刻在墓石上的碑文。
我脚下的铺道都是墓石砌成，墓石上有三个浮雕像吸引我的注意，雕工很租陋，经过好几代人的践踏，差不多已磨损殆尽。
这是早先三位寺院住持的遗像，他们的墓志铭都已磨光，只剩下三个名字，这三个名字也无疑是后来重刻的：维塔里斯住持，死于一零八二年；吉斯尔勃脱斯·克利斯宾纳斯住持，死于一一一四年；劳伦蒂乌斯住持，死于一一七六年。
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何绮珊，梁美琪，林惠燕，梁雪霞，彭燕婷，莫海浪
P64
Further reading and thinking, though they brought this vague inclination into more reasonable bounds, only served to make it more decided. I visited various parts of my own country; and had I been merely a lover of fine scenery, I should have felt little desire to seek elsewhere for its gratification; for on no country have the charms of nature been more prodigally lavished. Her mighty lakes, like oceans of liquid silver; her mountains, with their bright aerial tints; her valleys, teeming with wild fertility; her tremendous cataracts, thundering in their solitudes ; her boundless plains, waving with spontaneous verdure; her broad deep rivers, rolling in solemn silence to the ocean; her trackless forests, where vegetation puts forth all its magnificence; her skies, kindling with the magic of summer clouds and glorious sunshine: －no , never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime and beautiful of natural scenery.
深思熟虑之余，纵使他们将此番模糊的向往更趋合理，却只愈加弥坚。
余已领略国之风骚，若只为那秀丽的风景驻足，则余本不应奢求远方之喜悦。
只因国之壮丽已无它可与之媲美。
其大湖，如粼光之海面；其山峰，如泛一缕青烟；其谷地，孕良田美池桑竹之属；其瀑布，于孤寂处飞流直下；其平原，风吹草低见牛羊；其河流，如滚滚长江东逝水；其森林，晓天江树绿迢迢；其碧空，映日祥云添荣光。
望苍茫天地，唯吾国山河之壮丽无与伦比也。