VOA英语听力原文(passage41~50)
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But developing countries are also being urged to do more. And they, in turn, want help. (8) They criticized a proposal for industrialized nations to pay developing countries ten billion dollars a year over three years. The World Bank says dealing with climate change will require hundreds of billions a year in public and private financing.
Light-emitting diodes are small glass lamps that use much less electricity than traditional bulbs and last much longer.
Professor Irvine-Halliday used a one-watt bright white L.E.D. made in Japan. He found it on the Internet and connected it to a bicycle-powered (7) generator. He remembers thinking it was so bright, a child could read by the light of a single diode.
In New York, the United Nations secretary-general reacted to a dispute over e-mails stolen from the University of East Anglia in England. Critics say the messages show (9) climate change scientists discussing ways to discredit other theories about global warming. But Ban Ki-Moon said Tuesday that the evidence is "quite clear" that humans are the main cause of temperatures rising faster than expected.
But there are questions about how much can be done, and how an agreement would be put into (3) action.
The twelve-day conference ends next Friday. Late next week, leaders from more than one hundred countries are expected at the talks, including President Obama.
As he tells it, one day he looked in the window of a school and noticed how dark it was. This is a common problem for millions of children around the world -- and not just at school, but also at home.
Passage 42
Bringing Light to Homes in Poor Countries
This is the VOA Special English Development Report.
More than one and a half (1) billion people around the world live without electricity. Finding better ways to bring light to the poor is the goal of researchers like David Irvine-Halliday.
Many families use kerosene oil lamps. There are many problems with these lamps. They produce only a small (3) amount of light. They are dangerous to breathe. And they are a big fire danger, causing many injuries and deaths each year.
In two thousand, after much research and many experiments, he returned to Nepal to put the systems into homes. His Light Up the World Foundation has now (8)equipped the homes of twenty-five thousand people in fifty-one countries.
Modern climate records date back to eighteen fifty. The United Nations weather agency says two thousand to two thousand nine was the warmest decade on record. And it said this week that final results will likely show two thousand nine was the fifth-warmest year on record.
Passage 41
Aiming for a Deal on Climate Change
This is IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. In Copenhagen, Denmark, the United Nations Climate Change Conference opened this week. Around fifteen thousand delegates and (1) observers from nearly two hundred countries are there. Some call it "the last best chance" for an agreement to fight climate change.
China is now the leading producer of greenhouse gases. But the United States and other industrialized nations were the top (6) polluters for years. So they are under extra pressure to reduce emissions from cars, factories and other sources.
Kerosene costs less than other forms of lighting, but it is still (4) costly in poor countries. Professor Irvine-Halliday says many people spend well over one hundred dollars a year on the fuel.
In the late nineteen nineties, the Canadian professor was working in Nepal when his return flight was (2) canceled. A delay gave him time to take a fourteen-day hiking trip in the Himalayas.
In Washington, the Environmental Protection Agency on Monday (7) declared carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases a threat to public health. That clears the way for the administration to set limits, unless Congress acts first.
When he returned to Canada, he began researching ways to provide safe, clean and (5) affordable lighting. He began experimenting with light-emitting diodes, LEDs, at his laboratory at the University of Calgary in Alberta. As a professor of (6) renewable energy, he already knew about the technology.
Delegates hope to set new targets to reduce (4) greenhouse gases -- the pollution blamed for trapping extra heat in the atmosphere. An existing agreement, the Kyoto Protocol, ends in two thousand twelve. Many countries have offered new (5) proposals for cuts, including the United States and China.
(10) Current estimates show record warmth this year in large parts of southern Asia and central Africa. The agency reported that the only parts of the world with cooler than average conditions this year were the United States and Canada.
Yvo de Boer is the top climate official at the United Nations.
YVO DE BOER: "The time for formal statements is over. The time for (2) restating well known positions is past. The time has come to reach out to each other. I urge you to build on your achievements, take up the work that has already been done and turn it into real action."
Light-emitting diodes are small glass lamps that use much less electricity than traditional bulbs and last much longer.
Professor Irvine-Halliday used a one-watt bright white L.E.D. made in Japan. He found it on the Internet and connected it to a bicycle-powered (7) generator. He remembers thinking it was so bright, a child could read by the light of a single diode.
In New York, the United Nations secretary-general reacted to a dispute over e-mails stolen from the University of East Anglia in England. Critics say the messages show (9) climate change scientists discussing ways to discredit other theories about global warming. But Ban Ki-Moon said Tuesday that the evidence is "quite clear" that humans are the main cause of temperatures rising faster than expected.
But there are questions about how much can be done, and how an agreement would be put into (3) action.
The twelve-day conference ends next Friday. Late next week, leaders from more than one hundred countries are expected at the talks, including President Obama.
As he tells it, one day he looked in the window of a school and noticed how dark it was. This is a common problem for millions of children around the world -- and not just at school, but also at home.
Passage 42
Bringing Light to Homes in Poor Countries
This is the VOA Special English Development Report.
More than one and a half (1) billion people around the world live without electricity. Finding better ways to bring light to the poor is the goal of researchers like David Irvine-Halliday.
Many families use kerosene oil lamps. There are many problems with these lamps. They produce only a small (3) amount of light. They are dangerous to breathe. And they are a big fire danger, causing many injuries and deaths each year.
In two thousand, after much research and many experiments, he returned to Nepal to put the systems into homes. His Light Up the World Foundation has now (8)equipped the homes of twenty-five thousand people in fifty-one countries.
Modern climate records date back to eighteen fifty. The United Nations weather agency says two thousand to two thousand nine was the warmest decade on record. And it said this week that final results will likely show two thousand nine was the fifth-warmest year on record.
Passage 41
Aiming for a Deal on Climate Change
This is IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. In Copenhagen, Denmark, the United Nations Climate Change Conference opened this week. Around fifteen thousand delegates and (1) observers from nearly two hundred countries are there. Some call it "the last best chance" for an agreement to fight climate change.
China is now the leading producer of greenhouse gases. But the United States and other industrialized nations were the top (6) polluters for years. So they are under extra pressure to reduce emissions from cars, factories and other sources.
Kerosene costs less than other forms of lighting, but it is still (4) costly in poor countries. Professor Irvine-Halliday says many people spend well over one hundred dollars a year on the fuel.
In the late nineteen nineties, the Canadian professor was working in Nepal when his return flight was (2) canceled. A delay gave him time to take a fourteen-day hiking trip in the Himalayas.
In Washington, the Environmental Protection Agency on Monday (7) declared carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases a threat to public health. That clears the way for the administration to set limits, unless Congress acts first.
When he returned to Canada, he began researching ways to provide safe, clean and (5) affordable lighting. He began experimenting with light-emitting diodes, LEDs, at his laboratory at the University of Calgary in Alberta. As a professor of (6) renewable energy, he already knew about the technology.
Delegates hope to set new targets to reduce (4) greenhouse gases -- the pollution blamed for trapping extra heat in the atmosphere. An existing agreement, the Kyoto Protocol, ends in two thousand twelve. Many countries have offered new (5) proposals for cuts, including the United States and China.
(10) Current estimates show record warmth this year in large parts of southern Asia and central Africa. The agency reported that the only parts of the world with cooler than average conditions this year were the United States and Canada.
Yvo de Boer is the top climate official at the United Nations.
YVO DE BOER: "The time for formal statements is over. The time for (2) restating well known positions is past. The time has come to reach out to each other. I urge you to build on your achievements, take up the work that has already been done and turn it into real action."