英语词汇学课后答案张维友编

《英语词汇学教程》（2004年版）练习答案

【Chapter 1】

7． tart: loose woman bloke: fellow

gat: pistol swell: great

chicken: coward blue: fight

smoky: police full: drunk

dame: woman beaver: girl

8. haply = perhaps albeit = although

methinks = it seems to me eke = also

sooth = truth morn = morning

troth = pledge ere = before

quoth = said hallowed = holy

billow = wave/ the sea bade = bid

【Chapter 2】

Ex.1

The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. A knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately.

2. Indo-European Language Family

Balto-Slavic Indo-Iranian Celtic Italian Hellenic Germanic

Roumanian Hindi Breton Spanish Greek English

Lithuanian Persian Scottish French Swedish

Prussian Irish Italian German

Polish Portuguese Norweigian

Slavenian Icelandic

Russian Danish

Bulgarian Dutch

6.

When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.

Most of the content words are either of Greek or Latin origin. What are left are mostly functional words. This shows that Greek and Latin play a very important part in the English vocabulary.

8. eventful [Latin + English] hydroplane [Greek + Latin]

falsehood [ Latin + English] pacifist [Latin + Greek]

saxophone [German + Greek]

heirloom [ French + English]

joss house [ Portuguese + English] t elevision

[Greek + Latin]

9.

amateur (late) finacé (late) empire (early)

peace (E) courage (E) garage (L)

judgement (E) chair (E) chaise (L)

grace (E) servant (E) routine (L)

jealous (E) savaté (L) genre (L)

gender (E) début (L) morale (L)

state (E) chez (L) ballet (L)

11.

allegro, f轻快

andante, j 行板

diminuendo, g 渐弱

largo, d 缓慢

pianoforte, a轻转慢

alto, i女低音

crescendo, b渐强

forte, e 强

piano, h轻

soprano, c女高音

12.

cherub (Hebrew) snorkel (G)

coolie (Hindi) tulip (Turk)

lasso (Sp) wok (Ch)

shampoo (Indian) chocolate (Mex)

tepee (Am Ind) jubilee (Gr)

kibitz (G) Sabbath (Heb)

chipmunk (Am Ind) tamale (Mex)

cotton (Arab) voodoo (Afr)