2017年西南大学博士入学考试英语试题+答案解析

西南大学2017年博士入学考试英语试题
Part I:Grammar and Vocabulary(20%)
Directions:There are twenty sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
1.The conference chairman made a_______statement before beginning the main business of the afternoon session.
A.interesting
B.renewable
C.reversible
D.preliminary
2.Doing research will be much easier if you have someone to bounce ideas off and to give you_______in the entire process.
A.reward
B.insurance
C.interest
D.feedback
3.The_______that she suggested for discussion were based on the most recent medical research.
A.contributions
B.occupations
C.expostulations
D.amendment
4.Malaysia and Indonesia rely much on open markets for forest and fishery products.______, some Asian countries are highly protectionist.
A.Deliberately
B.Conversely
C.Evidently
D.Naturally
5.Such an approach forces the managers to communicate with one another and helps_____ rigid departmental boundaries.
A.pass over
B.stand for
C.break down
D.set off
6.According to legal provisions,the properties will either______the original owner or else be sold at auction.
mit to
B.back to
C.proceed to
D.revert to
7.To everyone's surprise,the woman candidate from a small party______the poll in the first round of voting.
A.eclipsed
B.outshined
C.topped
D.deprived
8.The protest went ahead despite government assurances that they would press for_____with the neighboring country in the issuing of visas.
A.reciprocity
B.show-off
C.pay off
D.intimacy
9.As a teenager,I was______by a blind passion for a film star I would never meet in my life.
A.pursued
B.seduced
C.consumed
D.guaranteed
10.The summer session in Georgetown University was a really wonderful occasion which we will______for many years to come.
A.discount
B.acquit
C.cherish
D.blur
11.She is a very original comedian and can_______laughs out of any audience.
A.suffer
B.wring
C.induce
D.infect
12.Before the bank was willing to lend him money,it had to______that he was the true owner of the house.
A.verify
B.entrust
C.acknowledge
D.grant
13.It is in vain to say the enlightened statesmen will be able to adjust these clashing interest, and______them all subservient to the public good.
A.conform
B.cause
C.tame
D.render
14.His originality as a composer is_______by the following group of songs.
A.exemplified
B.created
C.performed
D.realize
15.When I asked if a black politician could win in France,however,he responded________.“No conditions here are different.”
A.ambiguously
B.implicitly
C.unhesitatingly
D.optimistically
16.It is unfair to______from these two incidents and say that all young men are reckless drivers.
A.deduce
B.generalize
C.minimize
D.transfer
17.They are going to London,but their_______destination is Rome.
A.ultimate
B.prime
C.next
D.cardinal
18.I_________the minister's figures-the true cost of the project is much higher.
A.contend
B.agree
C.dispute
D.disagree
19.She refused to let the injury keep her from_______her goal of being in the Olympics.
A.detaining
B.attaining
C.screwing
D.sifting
20.The poor old man was________with diabetes and without proper medical treatment he would lose his eyesight and become crippled very soon.
A.suffered
B.afflicted
C.induced
D.infected
Part II:Reading Comprehension(30%)
Directions:In this section there are3passages followed by questions or unfinished statements,each with four suggested answers marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answer on your answer sheet.
Text1
We began with an experiment.The man asked me to make a drawing on a blank piece of paper.I made a sketch of a creature I had invented some time ago to amuse my children. When I had finished,he asked me to cover the drawing with my hand.Then he asked me to concentrate hard and to try to transmit the thought of what I had sketched A minute went by with no result.He shook his head."it seems very complicated:is it a kind of amoeba?"" Slowly and hesitantly he began to draw the creature's right ear-the spot where I've always begin the drawing."you've got it."I said."Go on!"He completed the drawing quickly.I had carefully redrawn the picture in my mind as I tried to transmit it—which probably accounts for the identical starting point.
The man then demonstrated other power.He made the hands of my watch turn back two hours and the date go forward two days by stroking a coin placed over its face,explaining afterward that he derives power from metal.He had a little trouble trying to break my car key. However,he placed it against a metal radiator,and after a few seconds,said,“It is starting to go.The key snapped in two.
Then he tried to transmit a picture to me by telepathy.I attempted to make my mind receptive,but no image came into it.Feeling rather embarrassed,I just drew the first thing that came into my head:check mark.The man showed me the piece of paper he was holding. It contained a mirror image of the symbol I had drawn.It could be significant in this connection that the man is left-handed.
After I left the room,I began to sift my impressions.Only the day before,an acquaintance had warned me to watch carefully for sleight-of-hand tricks,especially as the man had earlier been a stage conjuror.I had to admit that most of the things had done could have been tricks.For instance,snapping the keys with his fingers and altering the hands and date on my watch with the winder would have been well within the ability of a skilled conjuror.But how could he have faked the drawing of what I had drawn?And if that feat was due to genuine telepathic power,the other demonstrations could also be genuine.
1.In line11,“derives”most nearly means________.
A.obtains
B.infers
C.connects
D.traces
2.It can be inferred from lines19-25that the telepathist's demonstrations would appear most convincing to a critical observer if the telepathist were to________.
A.provide more information about his background
B.critique the performances of other telepathist
C.perform in a rigorously controlled environment
D.talk about what he is doing as he performs
3.The"acquaintance"mentioned in line19can best be described as a_______.
A.skeptic
B.hypocrite
C.hoaxer
D.confidant
4.Which phrase best characterizes the author's general attitude in this passage?
plete indifferent
B.righteous indignation
C.cynical amusement
D.guarded acceptance
Text2
In the future the little privacy we now have will be gone.Some people call this loss of privacy"Orwellian",harking back to1984.George Orwell's classic work on privacy and autonomy.In that book,Orwell imagined a future in which a totalitarian state used spies, video surveillance,and control over the media to maintain its power.But the age of monolithic state control is over.The future we're rushing toward isn't one in which our every move is watched and recorded by an all-known government.It is instead a future of a hundred electronic monitors who constantly watch and interrupt our daily lives,and where threats to privacy find their roots in the free market,advanced technology,and the unbridled exchange of electronic information.
The problem with the word"privacy'"is that it falls short of conveying the really big picture.Privacy isn't just about hiding things.It's about self-possession,autonomy,and integrity.As we move into the computerized world of the21century,privacy will be one of our most important civil rights.But this right of privacy isn't the right of people to close their doors and pull down their window shades-perhaps because they want to engage in some sort of illicit or illegal activity.It's the right of people to control which details about their lives stay inside their own houses and which leak to the outside.
Today's war on privacy is intimately related to the recent dramatic advances in technology.Many people today say that in order to enjoy the benefits of modern society,we must necessarily relinquish some degree of privacy.If we want the convenience of paying for a meal by credit card,then we must accept the routine collection of our purchases in a large database over which we have no control.
This trade-off is both unnecessary and wrong.It reminds me of another crisis our society faced back in the fifties and sixties-the environmental crisis.Then,advocates of big business said that poisoned rivers and lakes were the necessary costs of economic development,jobs, and an improved standard of living.Poison was progress:anybody who argued otherwise simply didn't understand the facts.
Today we know better.Today we know that sustainable economic development depends on preserving the environment.Similarly,in order to reap the benefits of technology.It is more important than ever for us to use technology to protect personal freedom.
5.The passage indicates that privacy is_________.
A.less valued by people than it once was
B.difficult to maintain in the contemporary world
C.necessary for individual freedom
.a stumbling block to economic growth
6.In line18,the underlined"degree”most nearly means________.
A.stage
B.sequence
C.measure
D.standing
7.Lines18-20("If we….control")primarily serve to_______.
A.introduce an additional point
B.discourage a course of action
C.question a decision D illustrate a preceding statement
8.The statements in lines24-25("poison..facts")is intended to represent the point of view of ______.
A.big business
B.environment
C.the author
D.the public
9.The passage concludes by suggesting that if technology is to have a positive effect on people’s lives,then________.
A.individual rights must be expanded
B.protective measures must be taken
C.technological advances must be supported
D.further research must be found
10.The author supports the idea that privacy can be protected________.
A.at a modest cost to most business
B.with the help of new technologies
C.without giving up valued services
D.through appropriate government interventions
Text3
One of the pleasantest things in the world is going on a journey:but I like to do it myself can enjoy society in a room,but out of doors,nature is company for me.I am then never less alone than when alone.I cannot see the wit of walking and talking at the same time.When I am in the country,I wish to vegetate like the country.I like solitude,when I give myself up to it,for the sake of solitude;nor do I ask for"a friend in my retreat,whom I may whisper sweet.""Give me the clear blue sky over my head,and the green turf beneath my feet,a winding road before me,and a three hours'march to dinner and I begin to feel,think,and be myself again.Instead of an awkward silence,broken by attempts at wit or dull commonplaces, mine is that undisturbed silence of the heart which alone is perfect eloquence.
Others have different opinions."Let me have a companion of myself:says the novelist Lawrence Sterne,"were it but to remark how the shadows lengthen as the sun declines"It is beautifully said:but in my opinion,this continual comparing of notes interferes with the involuntary impression of things upon the mind and dilutes the experience.If you have to explain what you feel,it is making a tool of a pleasure.You cannot read the book of nature without being perpetually put to the trouble of translating it for the benefit of others.
There is one subject on which it is pleasant to talk on a journey.I grant,and that is.What one shall have for supper when we get to our inn at night.Every mile of the road heightens the flavor of the meal we expect at the end of it.How fine is it to enter some old town,walled and turreted,just at approach of nightfall,or to come to some straggling village,with the lights steaming through the surrounding gloom;and then after inquiring for the best entertainment that the place affords,"to take one's ease at one's inn!""These eventful moments in our lives history are too precious,too full of solid,heart-felt happiness to be frittered and dribbled away in solitude.
11.The author of the passage would agree with which of the following statements about traveling alone?
A.Its enjoyment is largely a matter of personal inclination
B.Its difficulties are easily underestimated by inexperienced traveler.
C.It enables one to make much better time than when traveling with a companion
D.It is not as much fun as traveling with another person
12.The statement in lines2-3(I am…alone")is an example of_________.
A.an apology
B.a metaphor
C.a paradox
D.a euphemism
13.Sterne mentions"the shadows(line11)as an example of a________.
A.specialized insight that only a seasoned traveler can bring to bear on a situation
B.observation that travelers might enjoy sharing nonetheless
C.thoughtless comment that travelers are apt to make to their guides
D.beautiful sight that cannot be communicated accurately to those who do not travel frequently
14.In the last paragraph of this passage,the author does which of the following?
A.admits to a sudden change of heart
B.notes an exception to a previously stated preference
C.expresses regret about an overly sweeping generalization
D.points out a common misconception
15.The physical description of the"town"(line18)and"village”(line19)primarily convey a sense of__________.
A.foreboding isolation
B.rural poverty
C.eccentric custom
D.provincial charm
Part III:English to Chinese Translation(15%)
Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
One advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid word is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition.In most work success is measured by income and while our capitalistic society continues,this is inevitable.It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural to apply.The desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for extra comforts that a higher income can provide.However dull work may be,it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation,whether in the world at large or only in one's own circle.In this respect those women whose lives are occupied with housework are much less fortunate than men,or than women who work outside the home.The domesticated wife does not receive wages,has no means of bettering herself,and is valued by her husband not for her housework but for other qualities.
Of course,this does not apply to those women who are sufficiently well-to-do to make beautiful houses and beautiful gardens and become the envy of their neighbors;but such women are comparatively few,and for the great majority housework cannot bring as much as satisfaction as work of other kinds brings to men and to professional women.
Part IV:Chinese to English Translation(15%)
Directions:Translate the following passage into English and write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
朋友来访，站在我的书橱前流连忘返，见他一副痴迷的样子，我故作豪爽地说：“喜欢看什么说就先拿去吧。

”嘴上虽然这么说，其实心里还是很不情愿的，书像是自己的孩子，是生命的另一部分，生生被别人抱去，总是有点舍不得，朋友没有看出我的小算盘，只顾听了我的话，在书橱里挑三拣四地翻出几本书来，竟都是我喜欢的，时不时要拿出来读读的那种。

但是泼出来的水是收不回来了，何况因为几本书，也显得太小家子气。

Part V:Essay Writing(20%)
In this part you are required to write an essay in no less than300words on the following topic:A humorous incident in my life.Pay attention to choose words and phrases for your essay that convey a sense of humor.
西南大学2017年博士入学考试英语试题参考答案及解析
Part I Structure and Vocabulary
1.D【解析】形容词词义辨析。

根据关键部分“before beginning……在开始……之前”可知，statement“声明；陈述”是发生在主要议程之前，则D项“预备性的；初步的；开始的”符合语境和搭配。

其他选项分别是：A项“有趣的”；B项“可继续的；可更新的”；C项“可逆的”。

2.D【解析】名词词义辨析题。

A“报酬；赏金”；B项“保险”；C项“兴趣”；D项“反馈”。

根据前文“拿出主意”以及后文“做研究更容易”可知，只有D项“反馈”符合语境。

3.D【解析】名词词义辨析题。

A项“贡献”；B项“占领；消遣；工作”；C项“规劝，告诫”；D项“修正案；修改”。

根据关键部分“讨论”和“基于最近的医学研究”可推知，只有D项符合语境。

4.B【解析】副词词义辨析题。

空格前谈及“依靠林业和渔业产品开放市场”，而空格后谈及“实行高度的保护”，因此，前后是对比关系，则B项“相反地”正确。

5.C【解析】词组。

A项“置之不理，忽视”；B项“代表”；C项“破坏，消除；出故障；使分解”；D项“出发；动身；启程”。

前文谈及“相互交流”，空格处修饰的宾语“rigid departmental boundaries严格的部门界限”可知，C项构成“消除严格的部门界限”符合搭配。

6.D【解析】词组。

根据宾语“original owner原主”，D项“revert to归还；回复”符合语境和搭配。

7.C【解析】动词词义辨析题。

“To everyone's surprise令每个人惊讶的是”可知选举结果很意外，而且通过small和空格的对比可知，C项“处于……的最前头”符合语境。

其他选项分别是：A项“使黯然失色”；B项“比……更闪亮、出色”；D项“剥夺”。

8.A【解析】名词词义辨析题。

A项“互利互惠”；B项“炫耀”；C项“付清”；D项“亲密”。

根据关键词“the neighboring country邻国”可知，A项符合语境。

9.B【解析】动词词义辨析题。

A项“追求”；B项“勾引；引诱”；C项“消耗”；D 项“担保”。

根据句法结构，将原文的被动化成主动：a blind passion for a film star……me，只有B项符合语境。

10.C【解析】动词词义辨析题。

A项“打折扣”；B项“宣判……无罪；表现（好/坏）”；C项“珍爱”；D项“涂污，弄脏；（使）变模糊”。

前文谈及“a really wonderful occasion真的是个很棒的场合”可知，因此，只有C项符合语境。

11.C【解析】固定搭配。

A项“遭受”；B项wring out“从……处费力弄到；从……压榨出”；C项“引诱；引起”；D项“使受影响；感染”。

根据宾语“laugh笑”以及介词out 可知，C项符合语境。

12.A【解析】动词词义辨析题。

A项“核实，证明”；B项“委托；托付”；C项“承认；鸣谢”；D项“承认；同意；准许”。

根据语境可知，他需要证明这房子是他的，银行才会借钱给他，则A项符合语境。

13.D【解析】固定搭配。

根据介词to以及to后面是名词，则B、C项排除，此外，根据宾语“all subservient所有的顺从”可知，D项“提交；呈交”是正确搭配。

conform…to…“符合；遵照；顺从”。

14.A【解析】动词词义辨析。

A项“是……的典型；例示，举例证明”；B项“创造”；C项“表演”；D项“实现”。

此处表示歌曲和独创性的关系，即这些歌曲证明了他作为作曲家的独创性，则只有A项符合语境和搭配。

15.C【解析】副词词义辨析题。

A项“含糊不清地，引起歧异地”；B项“含蓄地；暗示地”；C项“不踌躇地，坚定地”；D项“乐观地”。

根据后文的回答，C项修饰回应的动作最符合语境。

16.A【解析】动词词义辨析题。

A项“推论；推断”；B项“推广，普及”；C项“把……减至最低数量[程度]”；D项“使转移；使调动”。

“所有的年轻人都是鲁莽的司机”这一结论是从这两起事件中推及出来的，则A项符合语境。

17.A【解析】形容词词义辨析题。

A项“最终的”；B项“主要的”；C项“下一个”；D 项“基本的”。

根据but可知，前后句是对比关系，则A项符合语境和动宾搭配。

18.C【解析】动词词义辨析题。

A“声称，主张；争论”；B项“同意”；C项“争论；对……提出质询；对……表示异议（或怀疑）”；D项“不同意（某人观点）”。

根据后文“the true cost of the project is much higher那个项目的实际花费要高得多”可知，C项符合语境。

19.B【解析】动词词义辨析题。

A“扣留”；B项“实现；达到”；C项“拧上去；诈骗”；D项“筛滤”。

根据宾语“her goal她的目标”可知，只有B项符合要求。

20.B【解析】词组。

A.suffer from“遭受”；B项“使受痛苦；折磨”；C项“引诱；引起”；D项“使受影响，感染”。

空格后有介词with，则所填之词需要沟通搭配以符合语境，因此，B项“be afflicted with…受……折磨”正确。

Part II:Reading Comprehension
Text1
1.A词义猜测题。

定位原文“He made the hands of my watch turn back two hours and the date go forward two days by stroking a coin placed over its face,explaining afterward that he derives power from metal.通过抚摸放在脸上的硬币，他就把我手表的指针调慢了两小时，日期也调慢了两天，他后来解释说，他从金属那里……力量。

”表面上，他是通过硬币调整时间和日期的，因此，他解释这种现象是通过金属实现的，则“derive…from…”表示“从……提取；源于……”符合语境，即A项“获得”正确。

2.D推理判断题。

定位到最后一段“After I left the room,I began to sift my impressions.离开房间后，我开始筛选我的印象。

……But how could he have faked the drawing of what I had drawn?但他怎么能伪造我画的画呢？And if that feat was due to genuine telepathic power,the other demonstrations could also be genuine.如果这一技术是由于真正的心灵感应能力，其他的演示也可能是真实的。

”根据前文对演示过程的描述，以及最后一段中，作者对如何伪造画这一过程还不明白，因为这是作者重构的图画，所以，如果当表演的时候，他谈论他正在做的事，那么心灵感应者的演示会显得最有说服力，则D项正确。

3.A词义猜测题。

定位到原句“Only the day before,an acquaintance had warned me to watch carefully for sleight-of-hand tricks,especially as the man had earlier been a stage conjuror.就在前天，一个……还警告我要小心戏法，特别是当那个人以前是个舞台魔术师的时候。

”警告作者留心那个人的花招/诡计，说明这个人了解魔术师的花招，即A项“怀疑者”符合上下文语境。

其他选项是：B项“伪君子”；C项“欺诈者”；D项“知己”。

4.D观点态度题。

作者的态度在最后一段中“I had to admit that most of the things had done could have been tricks.我不得不承认，大多数事情都可能是诡计。

But how could he have faked the drawing of what I had drawn?但他怎么能伪造我画的画呢？And if that feat
was due to genuine telepathic power,the other demonstrations could also be genuine.如果这一技术是由于真正的心灵感应力量，那么其他的演示也可能是真实的。

”根据“could have been可能”和if引导的虚拟语气可知，作者清楚他的戏法，但是对有些部分却表示疑问，因此，D项“有保留的接受”最符合作者的心态。

其他选项分别是：A项“完全冷漠”；B 项“义愤填膺”；C项“愤世嫉俗的娱乐”。

Text2
5.B推理判断题。

根据文章首句“In the future the little privacy we now have will be gone.在未来，我们现在拥有的小小隐私将会消失。

”以及“It is instead a future of a hundred electronic monitors who constantly watch and interrupt our daily lives,and where threats to privacy find their roots in the free market,advanced technology,and the unbridled exchange of electronic information.未来将有100台电子监视器不断监视和干扰我们的日常生活，对隐私的威胁根源于自由市场、先进技术和肆无忌惮的电子信息交流。

”此外，后文谈及隐私战与科技的突飞猛进有着密切的关系等，因此，综合考虑，B项“在当代世界很难维持”正确。

6.C词义猜测题。

定位到原文“Today's war on privacy is intimately related to the recent dramatic advances in technology.今天的隐私战争与最近科技的突飞猛进有着密切的关系。

Many people today say that in order to enjoy the benefits of modern society,we must necessarily relinquish some degree of privacy.今天很多人说，为了享受现代社会的好处，我们必须放弃一定……隐私。

”根据形容词“some一些；某个；相当多”可知，此处表示“一定程度上的隐私”，则C项“（一定的）量，程度；测量”符合搭配和意思。

其他选项分别是：A项“阶段；舞台”；B项“序列；顺序”；D项“站立；身份，地位”。

7.D推理判断题。

定位原文“Many people today say that in order to enjoy the benefits of modern society,we must necessarily relinquish some degree privacy.今天很多人说，为了享受现代社会的好处，我们必须放弃一定程度的隐私。

If we want the convenience of paying for a meal by credit card,then we must accept the routine collection of our purchases in a large database over which we have no control.如果我们想要用信用卡支付餐费的方便，那么我们就必须在一个我们无法控制的大型数据库中接受日常的采购收集。

”根据上下文可知，此句话是为了举例说明前句的内容，则D项“说明前面的观点”是正确答案。

8.A推理判断题。

定位到原文“This trade-off is both unnecessary and wrong.这种权衡是不必要的，也是错误的。

It reminds me of another crisis our society faced back in the fifties and sixties-the environmental crisis.这让我想起了另一场我们社会在五六十年代面临的危机—环境危机。

Then,advocates of big business said that poisoned rivers and lakes were the necessary costs of economic development,jobs,and an improved standard of living.大企业的拥护者说，有毒的河流和湖泊是经济发展、就业和改善生活水平的必要代价。

Poison was progress:anybody who argued otherwise simply didn't understand the facts.毒药就是进步：任何反对的人只是不理解这个事实。

”因此，根据上下文可知，此话的观点与大企业拥护者观点一致，即表达的是A项“大企业”的观点。

9.C推理判断题。

定位最后一段“Today we know that sustainable economic development depends on preserving the environment.今天，我们知道，可持续的经济发展取决于保护环境。

Similarly,in order to reap the benefits of technology,it is more important than ever for us to use technology to protect personal freedom.同样，为了从技术那获得好处，利用技术来保护个人自由比以往任何时候更重要。

”因此，根据语境推知，要想获得技术上的好处，那么就要充分利用技术，则C项“必须支持技术进步”符合推理。

10.B推理判断题。

原文谈及“今天的隐私战争与最近的技术进步密切相关。

”以及最后一段“同样，为了从技术那获得好处，利用技术来保护个人自由比以往任何时候更重要。

”因此，作者认为，技术可以帮助保护隐私，即B项“借助新技术”正确。

Text3
11.A推理判断题。

定位到第一段中“One of the pleasantest things in the world is going on a journey世界上最愉快的事情之一就是旅行:but I like to do it myself can enjoy society in a room,but out of doors,nature is company for me.而我一向性喜孤往。

居处室内时我还喜欢交往；但是一旦到了户外，自然这个侣伴对我已经足够。

”以及第二段首句“Others have different opinions.其他人有不同的观点。

”因此，A项“这种享受很大程度上是个人的爱好”符合作者的态度。

12.C推理判断题。

“I am then never less alone than when alone.那时我身虽孤独而绝不孤独。

”其中，be never less than表示“不比什么更怎么样”根据上文可知，自然作他的伴侣已经足够，因此，虽然他孤身在此，但是心里却不孤独。

B项“隐喻”，是一种隐藏本体的比喻。

C项“似非而是的隽语”，表示貌似矛盾，但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法，是一种矛盾修辞法。

D项“委婉语”，是用一种令人愉快的、委婉有礼的词语来代替令人不快的、粗鲁无礼的词语。

因此，这句话使用的修辞手法是C项“隽语”。

13.B推理判断题。

定位到原文“"Let me have a companion of myself:says the novelist Lawrence Sterne,"were it but to remark how the shadows lengthen as the sun declines".“但愿我能得一素心人朝夕相处”，斯特恩便曾讲过，“哪怕他只讲些太阳一落日影便斜之类的话也好”。

It is beautifully said:but in my opinion,this continual comparing of notes interferes with the involuntary impression of things upon the mind and dilutes the experience.诚哉斯言：但以愚见看来，这类不断交换意见的做法终将破坏一个人对事物的自然感受，且影响其心绪。

”因此，Sterne提及“阴影”是为了例举旅行伴侣之间的相处话题，则B项“旅行者仍然可能喜欢分享的观察所得”正确。

14.B推理判断题。

作者在前文强调旅行的独处，悠然一身，不断交换意见的言论都会扰乱心绪，但是根据最后一段中“There is one subject on which it is pleasant to talk on a journey.I grant,and that is.What one shall have for supper when we get to our inn at night.旅途中谈论的一个话题是很愉快的。

我承认，那就是晚上我们到旅馆的晚餐是什么。

”可知，就餐是旅行中的愉快话题，这是上文中作者强调的独处不语的例外，则B项“指出先前支持言论的一个例外。

”正确。

15.D推理判断题。

根据原文上下文“How fine is it to enter some old town…进入一个古老的小镇……，这该有多好！”以及”These eventful moments in our lives history are too precious,too full of solid,heart-felt happiness to be frittered and dribbled away in solitude.生命中这些多事时刻是如此宝贵、充实且衷心的幸福，因此，不能在孤独中浪费并逐渐消磨。

”可知，“town镇”和“village村”的描绘传达了D项“乡土魅力”。

Part III:English to Chinese Translation
【参考译文】
多数有报酬的工作和某些没有报酬的工作还有一个好处，那就是它们提供了成功的机会和实现抱负的可能。

在多数工作中，收入的多少是衡量成功与否的标准，当我们这个资本主义社会继续存在时，这是不可避免的。

只有在工作最好的情况下，收入才不再被当作理所当然的衡量标准。

人们想增加收入当然是出自钱多了可以获得更多的舒适享受这一愿望，但同样也出自想获得成功的愿望。

无论工作多么枯燥单调，如果它是能够
使人逐渐成名的手段，无论是在世界上出名还是就在自己的圈子里出名，那么这工作就不再难以忍受了。

在这一点上，终日从事家务的妇女便远不如男子幸运，也没有走出家庭去参加工作的妇女幸运。

家庭妇女没有工资，无法改善自己的状况。

丈夫欣赏的不是她干的家务活，而是她的其他品质。

当然，对那些有足够的钱可以把住宅和花园搞得十分漂亮而且成为邻居们的羡慕对象的女人来说，情况就不一样。

但这样的女人相对来说较少。

对于大多数妇女，家务带给她们的满足远不如其他工作带给男子或职业妇女的满足。

Part IV:Chinese to English Translation
【参考译文】
When a friend visited me,he stood in front of my bookcase.At the sight of him lingering before it with rapt attention,I pretended to be generous,“Take any book what you like.”Although I said that,I was reluctant actually,for I regarded my books as my children and a part of my life.When they were held by others,I was loath to part with them.Without understanding my implication,my friend listened to me and picked out my favorite books that I read from time to time in the bookcase.But,my words is just like pouring water.I couldn’t break my words,or it would make me look narrow-minded because of a few books.
Part V:Essay Writing
【参考范文】
In everyone's life,there are many stories,happy,sad,angry,regretful.I can't help laughing at the thought of a story that happened in my school days.The experience gave me a deep impression physically and psychologically.
We had a three-day holiday for May Day,so some students of our college decided to climb mountain.The weather was cloudy and even cold in May,because we're very close to the sea.At about eight o’clock,we began to climb the mountain.In order to make it more interesting,we chose another path for beautiful scenery.At first,we enjoyed it and we didn't feel tired at all.We chatted and enjoyed while we were climbing the mountain.
After3hours,we arrived at a landscape platform and everyone felt hungry and cold and even tired.And at the same time,the cloud was so thick that we can not see anything but trees nearby and a sudden rainstorm worsened the situation.Then,we decided to give up climbing the top because of cold and discouragement.Just at this moment,we found that we can not contact one member because there was no telephone signal and the terrible weather.So we divided into two groups:one group continued to look for the lost member;another group went down the hill.After another3hours,we finally arrived at the bottom of mountain and we got message that the lost member had come back in the team.
During holiday,we suffered from muscle ache because of a few hours of mountain climbing.All in all,the interesting and worrying incident made the experience more unforgotten.We knew later that“the lost member”was the only one who climbed up the top of the mountain among us.Because she can not contact us,she had to go to the top for looking for us.。