政治类英语词汇
四六级英语词汇汇总——新闻时事篇
四六级英语词汇汇总——新闻时事篇一、政治政治政府机构：government agencies政党：political parties国际关系：international relations政治改革：political reform选举：elections二、经济经济经济发展：economic development国际贸易： international trade金融市场：financial markets经济增长： economic growth经济政策：economic policies三、社会社会教育：education医疗：healthcare就业：employment环保： environmental protection社会福利：social welfare四、文化文化文化交流：cultural exchanges文艺复兴： Renaissance文化遗产：cultural heritage文化价值：cultural values文化多样性：cultural diversity五、科技科技人工智能： artificial intelligence量子计算：quantum computing生物技术：biotechnology太空探索：space exploration网络技术：cyber technology六、自然自然气候变化：climate change环境保护：environmental protection野生动植物：wildlife自然资源：natural resources自然灾害：natural disasters七、国际国际国际组织：international organizations 国际会议：international conferences国际关系：international relations国际旅游：international tourism国际新闻：international news八、娱乐娱乐电影产业：film industry音乐娱乐：music entertainment网络红人：internet celebrities体育赛事：sports events。
思政类英语词汇
思政类英语词汇思政类英语词汇是指在思想政治教育领域中经常使用的英语词汇。
这些词汇涵盖了政治制度、社会文化、国际关系等多个方面，是学习和理解思想政治教育的重要基础。
下面列举一些常见的思政类英语词汇：1. Democracy - 民主2. Socialism - 社会主义3. Communism - 共产主义4. Capitalism - 资本主义5. Revolution - 革命6. Reform - 改革7. Ideology - 意识形态8. Nationalism - 民族主义9. Patriotism - 爱国主义10. Totalitarianism - 极权主义11. Human rights - 人权12. Freedom - 自由13. Equality - 平等14. Justice - 正义15. Power - 权力16. Authority - 权威17. Propaganda - 宣传18. Censorship - 审查制度19. Civil society - 公民社会20. Globalization - 全球化21. Diplomacy - 外交22. Sovereignty - 主权23. Security - 安全24. Terrorism - 恐怖主义25. Conflict - 冲突26. Peace - 和平27. Cooperation - 合作28. Development - 发展29. Modernization - 现代化30. Sustainability - 可持续性以上是一些常见的思政类英语词汇，希望能够帮助大家更好地理解和掌握思政教育相关知识。
专升本政治英语
专升本政治英语政治是重要的一门学科，对于专升本考生来说，政治英语学习更是必不可少的一部分。
本文将为大家介绍一些政治英语学习的方法和技巧，希望能够帮助考生们在考试中取得好成绩。
一、政治英语词汇政治英语词汇的掌握是学习政治英语的基础，以下是一些常见的政治英语词汇：1. 政府机构：government agencies2. 国家元首：head of state3. 国会：parliament4. 民主制度：democratic system5. 选举：election6. 政治犯：political prisoner7. 政治理论：political theory8. 政策实施：policy implementation9. 政治参与：political participation10. 外交关系：diplomatic relations二、政治英语语法政治英语在语法方面也有其一些特点，下面是一些常见的语法结构和用法：1. 表达事实：使用一般现在时表达事实，如：“The government implements various policies.”（政府实施了各种政策。
）2. 表达观点：使用情态动词can、should等来表达观点和建议，如：“Citizens can participate in political activities.”（公民可以参与政治活动。
）3. 表示原因和结果：使用because、so等表示原因和结果，如：“The government promotes economic development because it benefits the country.”（政府促进经济发展是因为这有益于国家。
）三、政治英语阅读材料阅读是提高政治英语能力的有效途径之一，以下是一些推荐的政治英语阅读材料：1. 政治类报纸和杂志：通过阅读政治类报纸和杂志，可以了解最新的政治动态和事件，同时也能够提高政治英语的词汇量和阅读理解能力。
英语思想政治词汇总结
英语思想政治词汇总结思想政治是人类社会发展过程中重要的一部分，涉及到人类的思维、政治理念、价值观念等方面。
以下是一些关于思想政治的词汇总结：1. Freedom（自由）: The power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.2. Democracy（民主）: A system of government where power is vested in the people and exercised through elected representatives.3. Human rights（人权）: The basic rights and freedoms to which all individuals are entitled, regardless of their race, gender, religion, or other status.4. Equality（平等）: The state of being equal in status, rights, and opportunities.5. Justice（正义）: The quality of being just, fair, and impartial in the treatment of individuals and distribution of resources.6. Liberty（自由）: The state of being free from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority on one's way of life, behavior, or political views.7. Totalitarianism（极权主义）: A system of government that is centralized and dictatorial, with complete control over public and private life.8. Authoritarianism（威权主义）: A system of government characterized by strong central power and limited individual freedoms.9. Marxism（马克思主义）: A political and economic theory derived from the works of Karl Marx, advocating for the establishment of a classless society through the overthrow of the capitalist system.10. Capitalism（资本主义）: An economic system characterized by private ownership of means of production, profit motive, and competitive markets.11. Socialism（社会主义）: An economic and political system in which the means of production, distribution, and exchange are owned and regulated by the community as a whole.12. Communism（共产主义）: A political ideology advocating for the establishment of a classless, stateless society where all property is owned communally and each person contributes and receives according to their needs.13. Nationalism（民族主义）: A belief in the importance of one's own country, often accompanied by a sense of superiority over other nations.14. Globalization（全球化）: The process of increasing interconnectedness and interdependence among countries throughthe exchange of goods, services, information, and ideas.15. Liberalism（自由主义）: A political ideology advocating for individual freedom, limited government intervention, and protection of civil liberties and human rights.16. Conservatism（保守主义）: A political ideology favoring tradition, limited government, and the preservation of established institutions and values.17. Fascism（法西斯主义）: A far-right political ideology characterized by dictatorial power, suppression of dissent, and extreme nationalism.18. Terrorism（恐怖主义）: The use of violence and intimidation, often targeting civilians, in pursuit of political, religious, or ideological goals.19. Revolution（革命）: A forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system.20. Anarchy（无政府主义）: A state of society without government or law.这些词汇提供了思想政治领域中一些基本的概念和理念，了解和掌握这些词汇可以更好地理解和分析思想政治问题。
提高阅读能力新闻英语词汇大全
提高阅读能力新闻英语词汇大全英语作为一门国际通用语言，在当今社会中具有重要地位。
掌握英语阅读能力是提高自身综合素质的重要一环。
而在提升阅读能力中，积累丰富的新闻英语词汇是必不可少的。
本文将为您介绍一些常见的新闻英语词汇，帮助您更好地理解和阅读英语新闻。
一、政治类词汇1. diplomacy 外交2. democracy 民主3. election 选举4. government 政府5. parliament 议会6. policy 政策7. president 总统8. treaty 条约9. opposition 反对派10. senate 参议院二、经济类词汇1. inflation 通货膨胀2. recession 经济衰退3. investment 投资4. stock market 股市5. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) 国内生产总值6. unemployment rate 失业率7. tax 税收8. import 进口9. export 出口10. budget 预算三、社会类词汇1. poverty 贫困2. education 教育3. healthcare 健康保健4. crime 犯罪5. discrimination 歧视6. population 人口7. immigration 移民8. welfare 福利9. inequality 不平等10. protest 抗议四、环境类词汇1. pollution 污染2. climate change 气候变化3. deforestation 森林砍伐4. renewable energy 可再生能源5. global warming 全球变暖6. biodiversity 生物多样性7. conservation 保护8. sustainable 可持续的9. natural resources 自然资源10. carbon footprint 碳排放量五、科技类词汇1. innovation 创新2. artificial intelligence 人工智能3. technology 技术4. internet 互联网5. cybersecurity 网络安全6. virtual reality 虚拟现实7. biotechnology 生物技术8. nanotechnology 纳米技术9. robotics 机器人技术10. automation 自动化六、文化类词汇1. art 艺术2. literature 文学3. music 音乐4. film 电影5. theater 戏剧6. tradition 传统7. cultural exchange 文化交流8. heritage 遗产9. festival 节日10. exhibition 展览通过学习上述词汇，您可以更好地理解和阅读英语新闻，不再为生词而困扰。
英语政治词汇
科学发展观Scientific Outlook on Development社会主义和谐社会harmonious socialist society小康社会a well-off society in an all-round way中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics解放思想，实事求是emancipated the mind, seek truth from the facts马克思列宁主义Marxism-Leninism毛泽东思想Mao Zedong Thought邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory“三个代表”Thought of Three Represents始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求 Representing the development trend of China's advanced productive forces.中国先进文化的前进方向 Representing the orientation of China's advanced culture中国最广大人民的根本利益 Representing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people四个“坚定不移”坚定不移地坚持解放思想 to adhere to the emancipation of the mind adamantly,坚定不移地推进改革开放 to persist in spurring the reform and opening to the outside world坚定不移地落实科学发展，社会和谐 to promote the scientific development and social harmony perseveringly坚定不移地全面建设小康社会 to persist in building a well-off society in anall-round way一个中心、两个基本点 (以经济建设为中心, 坚持四项基本原则、坚持改革开放)One centre, two basic points (making economic development our central task, follow the policies of reform and opening up, and the Four Cardinal Principles)科学技术是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force工人阶级的先锋队vanguard of Chinese working class中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics先进生产力advanced productive forces反对帝国主义，封建主义，官僚资本主义Revolutionary struggle against imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism人民民主专政People’s democratic dictatorship党的建设Party building社会主义初级阶段primary stage of socialism进一步解放生产力，发展生产力further emancipate and develop the productive forces以公有制为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展keeping public ownership as the mainstay of the economy and allowing diverse forms of ownership to develop side by side按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度system in which distribution according to work is dominant and a variety of modes of distribution coexist共同富裕common prosperity小康社会well-off society以经济建设为中心 to make economic development our central task坚持四项基本原则toadhere to the Four Cardinal Principles坚持改革开放to persevere in the reform and opening up坚持社会主义道路、坚持人民民主专政、坚持中国共产党的领导、坚持马克思列宁主义毛泽东思想to keep to the socialist road and to uphold the people's democratic dictatorship, leadership by the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought富强、民主、文明的社会主义现代化国家a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced modern socialist country科教兴国战略strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education社会主义市场经济socialist market economy社会主义政治文明socialist political civilization依法治国to rule the country according to law人民代表大会制度the system of people's congresses中国共产党领导下的多党合作和政治协商制度the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China民主决策、民主监督的制度和程序systems and procedures of democratic decision-making and supervision加强精神文明建设to enhance the social construction of ideological infrastructure有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的人民opeople with lofty ideals, moral integrity, a good education and a strong sense of discipline各民族平等、团结、互助equality, unity and mutual assistance among all ethnic groups in the country民族区域自治regional autonomy of ethnic minorities一国两制one country, two systems独立自主的和平外交政策 independent foreign policy of peace 霸权主义和强权政治hegemonism and power politics在互相尊重主权和领土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉内政、平等互利、和平共处五项原则on the basis of the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, noninterference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence拒腐防变resist corruption, prevent degeneration与时俱进to keep pace with the times坚持全心全意为人民服务 to persevere in serving the people wholeheartedly 群众路线mass line民主集中制democratic centralism批评和自我批评criticism and self-criticism贯彻科学发展观to implement the Scientific Outlook on Development全面建设小康社会 to build a well-off society in an all-round way经济又好又快地发展good and steady economic growth前所未有机遇和挑战unprecedented opportunities and challenges时代新要求和人民群众的新期待requirements of the time and wishes of the people制定科学的行动纲领和大政方针to make strategic outlines and policies成就举世瞩目 to achieve great success头脑清醒，实事求是realistic and sober-minded清醒认识当今世界和当代中国发展的大势 to have a clear view of today's China and the world工业化、城镇化、市场化、国际化industrialization, urbanization, marketization and internationalization.资源节约型、环境友好型社会energy-efficient, environment-friendly society推进决策科学化、民主化 to promote a scientific and democraticdecision-making process.反对官僚主义to oppose bureaucratism避免教条主义to avoid dogmatism反对形式主义to oppose formalism反对奢侈浪费to oppose extravagance反腐败斗争的长期性、艰巨性 to fight a long-time, tough war against corruption 思想上清醒、政治上坚定、作风上务实sober-minded, firm in politics, pragmatic in style经济经济又好又快地发展good and steady economic growth减少贫困reducing poverty工业化industrialization城市化urbanization市场化marketization国际化internationalization.资源节约型、环境友好型社会energy-efficient, environment-friendly society国民生产总值Gross Domestic Product (GDP)社会基础教育primary education最低生活补助minimum living/subsistence allowance节能降耗减排to save energy, lower energy consumption and reduce pollutants discharge学龄儿童school-age children民主群众路线the mass line民主集中制democratic centralism批评和自我批评criticism and self-criticism反对官僚主义to oppose bureaucratism避免教条主义to avoid dogmatism反对形式主义to oppose formalism反对奢侈浪费to oppose extravagance民生people's well-being法制依法治国to rule the country according to law人民代表大会制度the system of people's congress中国共产党领导下的多党合作和政治协商制度the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China民主决策、民主监督的制度和程序:systems and procedures of democratic decision-making and supervision“民生”people's well-beingto safeguard social fairness and justice 维护社会公平和正义new socialist countryside 社会主义新农村basic living /subsistence allowance system for rural residents 农村最低生活保障制度minimum living/subsistence allowance 最低生活补助new type of rural cooperative medical care system新型农村合作医疗制度methane 沼气corporate/enterprise income tax 企业所得税property law 物权法overheated property sector 房地产市场过热low-rent housing 廉租房county-level cities 县级市to save energy, lower energy consumption and reduce pollutants discharge 节能降耗减排school-age children 适龄儿童tuition assistance 助学金vocational education 职业教育pre-marital medical check-up 婚前医学检查；婚检doctor-patient relationship 医患关系substandard food and medicine 不合标准的食品和药品food and drug safety 食品医药安全tax on agricultural specialty products 农业特产税community hospitals 社区医院community healthcare system 社区医疗保健制度stay-at-home children 留守儿童rural migrant workers 农民工ice-melting/ice-thawing trip “融冰”之旅diversification of foreign exchange reserve 外汇储备多元化vulnerable group/disadvantaged group 弱势群体。
新闻英语词汇大全
新闻英语词汇大全一、政治类词汇1. 政府机构：government agency2. 国会：Congress3. 议员：legislator4. 总统：President5. 首相：Prime Minister6. 外交：diplomacy7. 外交官：diplomat8. 国际关系：international relations9. 和平：peace10. 冲突：conflict二、经济类词汇1. 经济：economy2. 增长：growth3. 通货膨胀：inflation4. 失业：unemployment5. 货币：currency6. 股市：stock market7. 企业：corporation9. 投资：investment10. 贸易：trade三、社会类词汇1. 教育：education2. 医疗：healthcare3. 社会福利：social welfare4. 环保：environmental protection5. 民生：people's livelihood6. 贫困：poverty7. 公益：public welfare8. 社会矛盾：social conflict9. 民主：democracy10. 法治：rule of law四、科技类词汇1. 创新：innovation2. 发明：invention3. 互联网：Internet4. 大数据：big data6. 虚拟现实：virtual reality7. 太空探索：space exploration8. 能源：energy9. 核技术：nuclear technology10. 生物科技：biotechnology五、体育类词汇1. 体育：sports2. 奥运会：Olympic Games3. 足球：football4. 篮球：basketball5. 田径：athletics6. 游泳：swimming7. 乒乓球：table tennis8. 网球：tennis9. 高尔夫：golf10. 橄榄球：rug六、灾难与事故类词汇1. 灾难：disaster2. 地震：earthquake3. 火灾：fire4. 洪水：flood5. 风暴：storm6. 灾难救援：disaster relief7. 事故：accident8. 航空事故：aviation accident9. 道路交通事故：road traffic accident10. 爆炸：explosion七、文化与娱乐类词汇1. 文化：culture2. 艺术：art3. 音乐：music4. 电影：movie5. 电视剧：TV series6. 明星：celebrity7. 娱乐：entertainment8. 节日：festival9. 传统文化：traditional culture10. 网络流行语：Internet slang八、法律与犯罪类词汇1. 法律：law2. 宪法：constitution3. 刑法：criminal law4. 民法：civil law5. 律师：lawyer6. 犯罪：crime7. 诈骗：fraud8. 走私：smuggling9. ：drug10. 罪犯：criminal九、军事与安全类词汇1. 军事：military2. 军队：army3. 海军：navy4. 空军：air force5. 情报：intelligence6. 安全：security7. 防御：defense8. 装备：equipment9. 核武器：nuclear weapons10. 反恐：counterterrorism十、教育与学术类词汇1. 大学：university2. 学院：college3. 专业：major4. 教授：professor5. 研究：research6. 论文：thesis7. 学术：academia8. 奖学金：scholarship9. 留学：studying abroad10. 在线教育：online education通过这份新闻英语词汇大全，希望您能在阅读和报道新闻时，更加得心应手，准确传达信息。
社会与文化英语词汇大全
社会与文化英语词汇大全在全球化时代，学习外语已经成为一项必备技能。
而对于学习英语的学生来说，掌握社会与文化领域的词汇也是非常重要的。
在本篇文章中，将为大家提供关于社会与文化的英语词汇大全，帮助大家更好地理解和运用英语。
以下是分为不同主题的社会与文化英语词汇大全。
一、政治与政府1. Government - 政府2. Democracy - 民主制度3. President - 总统4. Prime Minister - 总理5. Parliament - 议会6. Constitution - 宪法7. Election - 选举8. Law - 法律9. Policy - 政策10. Diplomacy - 外交二、教育1. Education - 教育2. School - 学校3. University - 大学4. Teacher - 老师5. Student - 学生6. Class - 课程7. Exam - 考试8. Homework - 家庭作业9. Degree - 学位10. Research - 研究三、科技与创新1. Technology - 科技2. Innovation - 创新3. Internet - 互联网4. Smartphone - 智能手机5. Social media - 社交媒体6. Artificial intelligence - 人工智能7. Robot - 机器人8. Programming - 编程9. Software - 软件10. Hardware - 硬件四、社交与人际关系1. Society - 社会2. Culture - 文化3. Community - 社区4. Relationship - 关系5. Friendship - 友谊6. Communication - 沟通7. Respect - 尊重8. Trust - 信任9. Tolerance - 容忍10. Equality - 平等五、艺术与娱乐1. Art - 艺术2. Music - 音乐3. Literature - 文学4. Film - 电影5. Theater - 剧院6. Dance - 舞蹈7. Painting - 绘画8. Photography - 摄影9. Comedy - 喜剧10. Sports - 体育六、宗教与信仰1. Religion - 宗教2. Faith - 信仰3. God - 上帝4. Worship - 崇拜5. Prayer - 祈祷6. Church - 教堂7. Mosque - 清真寺8. Temple - 寺庙9. Buddhism - 佛教10. Islam - 伊斯兰教七、旅游与地理1. Travel - 旅行2. Tourism - 旅游业3. Destination - 目的地4. Landmark - 地标5. Beach - 海滩6. Mountain - 山脉7. Lake - 湖泊8. Island - 岛屿9. Flight - 飞行10. Passport - 护照八、环境与可持续发展1. Environment - 环境2. Sustainability - 可持续性3. Pollution - 污染4. Global warming - 全球变暖5. Renewable energy - 可再生能源6. Conservation - 保护7. Recycling - 回收利用8. Eco-friendly - 环保的9. Biodiversity - 生物多样性10. Climate change - 气候变化以上是关于社会与文化领域的英语词汇大全，相信对于学习英语的同学们会有所帮助。
六级政治词汇
六级政治词汇英语六级词汇【时政词汇】爱国统一战线the patriotic united front把党的政治建设摆在首位put the Party's political building first把中国人的饭碗牢牢端在自己手中control over our own food supply保证人民当家作主ensure the people run the country辩证思维a dialectical approach to thinking病有所医ensure people's access to medical services不忘初心remain true to our aspiration不忘初心，方得始终Never forget why you started, and you can accomplish your mission.长江经济带发展the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt初心original aspiration传承红色基因、担当强军重任pass on the traditions of revolution and step up to the task of making the military strong创新驱动innovation-driven创新驱动发展战略the innovation-driven development strategy创新思维creative thinking创新型国家建设make China a country of innovators创造性转化、创新性发展the creative evolution and development打赢蓝天保卫战make our skies blue again打赢脱贫攻坚战win the battle against poverty大道之行，天下为公A just cause should be pursued for the common good.大发展大变革大调整时期major developments, transformation, and adjustment党的领导Party leadership党管人才原则the principle of the Party exercising leadership over personnel 党和国家的生命线the source that keeps the Party and the country going党内民主intraparty democracy改革强军strengthen the armed forces through reform高质量发展high-quality development革命老区old revolutionary base areas革命性重塑revolutionary restructuring革命性锻造revolutionary tempering公正司法impartial administration of justice。
政治学专业英语词汇
政治学专业英语词汇一院制Unicameral一党制国家One—party States人权Human rights人权宣言Declarations of the Rights of Man and the Citizen工会Trade unions下议院House of Commons上议院House of Lords个人主义Individualism女权主义Feminism马列主义Marxism—Leninism马克思主义Marxism马基雅维里主义Machiavelli王权Crown无产阶级Proletariat无产阶级专政Dictatorship of the proletariat无政府主义Anarchism专制Despotism专制政府/绝对专制主义Absolute government/absolutism中央与地方的关系Central/Local relations 分权Separation of powers公共行政Public administration公民权利Civil rights公民自由Civil liberties正义Justice平等Equality可审判性Justiciability奴隶制Slavery执政党Dominant party在野党out-party 代表Delegate代议员Representative代议制政府Representative government 代表制Representation主权Sovereignty市民社会Civil society市（镇）长Major立宪主义Constitutionalism立宪政体Constitutional government立法机关Legislatures立法否决Legislative veto立法委员会Legislative committees立法起草Legislative drafting半总统制Semi-presidential systems议长Speaker议会制度Parliamentary system司法机构Judiciary司法行政官Magistrate司法审查Judicial review民主Democracy民主党Democratic Party民主集中制Democratic centralism民意测验Opinion polls共产党Communist Parties共和国Republic机构/制度Institution权力Power 权利Rights权利法案Bill of rights权威Authority妇女选举权Women’s suffrage地方长官Prefect地方政府Local government地方政府财政Local government finance 地方政治Local politics同意Consent同意投票Approval voting 团体理论Group theory邦联Confederation邦联条例Articles of Confederation 自由Freedom自由党Liberal parties自由裁量权Discretion自决Self-determination自治Self-government自治领Dominion行为主义Behaviouralism行政Administration行政机关Executives政委员Administrative board行政法庭Administrative tribunal 行政法院Administrative court州长Governor多元主义Pluralism多元社会Plural society多头制，多头政治Polyarchy多数派政府Majority government 多数统治Majority rule决策Decision making决策理论Decision theory农奴制Serfdom阶层/阶级Class麦迪逊，詹姆斯Madison, James苏格拉底Socrates极权主义Totalitarianism否决权Veto投票Voting 投票率Turnout护宪Entrenchment财产权Property利益Interests利益表达与聚合Interest articulation and aggregation利益集团Interest group言论，表达和出版自由Freedom of speech, expression, and the press社区/共同体Community社团主义Corporatism社会主义Socialism社会民主主义Social democracy社会契约论Social contract君主制Monarchy责任Responsibility 责任政府Responsible government 直接民主Direct democracy直接行动Direct action杰斐逊，托马斯Jefferson,Thomas 欧洲议会European Parliament欧洲共同体European Community歧视Discrimination国际法International Law国家State国家元首Head of state国家消亡Withering away of the state 国家财政危机Fiscal crisis of the state 非暴力反抗Civil disobedience非暴力行为Non-violent action制定法Statute Law制衡Checks and balance委任Patronage委员会Commission质询Interpellation法Law法令Act法官Judge法治Rule of law法律的正当程序Due process of law法案，议案Bill宗教自由Freedom of religion审判Adjudication审查制度Censorship官僚制/官僚Bureaucracy实证主义Positivism封建主义Feudalism革命和反革命Revolution and counter-revolution政体Polity 政纲platform政变Coup D’etat政府Government政府组成过程Government formation process政府首脑Head of government政府调查Public inquiry政治Politics政治义务Political obligation政治文化Political culture政治中的种族问题Race in politics 政治心理学Political psychology政治发展Political development政治行动委员会（美国）Political action committee政治行为研究Political behaviour政治地理学Political geography政治权力Political power政治局（及常务委员会）Politburo(and Pesidium)政治沟通Political communication政治体系/政治系统Political system政治参与Political participation政治财政Political finance政治科学Political science政治社会化Political socialization政治社会学Political sociology政治学的定量方法Quantitative methods in politics政治态度Political attitudes政治腐败Political corruption政治继承Political succession政治理论Political theory政治暴力Political violence政治影响Political influence政治整合/政治一体化Political integration 政党分赃制Spoils system政党认同Party identification政党代表大会Party convention政党功能functions of Parties政党组织Party organization政党核心集团Machine政党秘密会议Caucus政策分析Policy analysis政策实施Implementation政策输出研究Policy output studies城市政府City government城邦国家City state贵族/贵族制Aristocracy思想库Think tank看守政府Caretaker government选区Constituency选民登记Registration of electors选择投票Ticket-splitting选择领导Leadership selection选举Elections选举团Electoral college 选举纲领Election program选举制度Electoral system选票Ballot重农主义Physiocracy重划选区Redistribution重商主义Mercantilism种族灭绝Genocide种族主义Racism种族隔离Apartheid顺从Deference保守主义Conservatism保守党Conservative parties保护主义Clientelism修正主义Revisionism独立机构Independent agency独立宣言Declaration of Independence 独裁主义，权威主义Authoritarianism 独裁制Autocracy帝国Empire帝国主义Imperialism美国革命American Revolution美国国会Congress美国辉格党Whig:U.S.首相（总理）/首相（总理）制政府Prime minister/Prime ministerial government 总统，总统制President/Presidential system总罢工General strike总督Governor-General派别Faction咨询和同意Advice and consent宣传Propaganda宪法Constitutional law宪法规约Convention of the constitution 宪法/宪政Constitution/constitutionalism 神权政治Theocracy神授王权Divine right of kings费边主义Fabianism绝对专制主义Absolutism统治阶级Ruling class统治能力Governability恐怖Terror恐怖主义Terrorism格劳修斯Grotius监护Tutelage监察专员Ombudsman 党派首领Boss罢免Recall恩格斯Engels缺席投票Absence voting特权Prerogative特许状Charter秘密警察Secret police倒台与政权更迭Breakdown and regime change候选人选择candidate selection爱国主义Patriotism被保护国Protectorate竞争性政党制度Competitive party system竞选运动Election campaign部门Department部长，部Minister/Ministry部长会议Council of Ministers准司法Quasi-judicial准--非政府组织Quango资历制Seniority资产阶级Bourgeoisie资本主义Capitalism浮动投票人Floating vote浪漫主义Romanticism宽容Toleration家长型控制Paternalism调查委员会Select committee预算，预算编制Budget/Budgeting陪审团Jury理性Rationality理性选择方法Rational choice教权主义Clericalism教会与国家Church and State基本权利Fundamental right基层党组织Primary party organization 职能代表Functional representation授权立法Delegated legislation授权学说Mandate theory常设委员会Standing committee累计投票Cumulative vote唯心主义Idealism领导Leadership第二院，上议院Second chambers康德Kant混合政府Mixed government 弹劾Impeachment 隐私Privacy殖民统治Colonial government联合，联合政府Coalition/Coalition government联合民主Consociational democracy联合国United Nations联邦制Federalism联邦党人文集Federalist Papers联盟，联合League超载Overload超国家政府Supranational government 博爱Fraternity斯大林Stalin 斯宾诺莎Spinoza斯密，亚当Smith, Adam最低下限Droop quota最高行政法院Conseil d’AEtat最高法院Supreme court辉格党与托利党Whigs and Tories等级Estates集体主义Collectivism集体行动Collective action集体领导Collective leadership集合理论Coalition theory街区选举，集团投票Block vote普通法Common law游说Lobbying雇主组织Employer’s organization 强制性投票Compulsory voting鼓励性行动Affirmative action路德，马丁Luther,Martin解散议会Dissolution of parliament 意识形态Ideology新左派New Left新右派New Right新政New deal新教政党Protestant parties福利国家Welfare state群众性政党Mass membership party 僭主制/暴政Tyranny寡头制Oligarchy寡头政治铁律Iron law of oligarchy 精英，精英主义Elites,Elitism精英理论Doctrine of elites腐败选区Rotten borough弊政Maladministration 熊彼特Schumpeter影子内阁Shadow cabinet暴力Violence潘恩Paine霍布斯Hobbes穆勒Mill 黑格尔Hegal激进主义Radicalism激进政党Radical parties整体主义Holism辩证法Dialectic辩证唯物主义Dialectical materialism 警察Police警察国家Police state。
英语词汇_政治类
全国政协委员National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Co nference (CPPCC)迎难而上face difficulties squarely奋力拼搏work with courage and determination,艰难险阻all difficulties and obstacle保持平稳较快增长maintain steady and rapid growth社会事业 social program抗击特大自然灾害 fight against massive natural disasters残奥会 Paralympics神舟七号载人航天飞行 the Shenzhou VII manned space mission中国特色社会主义socialism with Chinese characteristics奋勇前进 bravely forge ahead宏观经济政策macroeconomic policies复杂多变 complex and volatile预见性、针对性和有效性 proactive, targeted and effective保持经济平稳较快发展，控制物价过快上涨maintaining steady and rapid economic dev elopment and controlling price hikes急转直下deteriorate sharply积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy出口退税率 export rebate rates金融机构存贷款基准利率the benchmark interest rates on savings and loans for finan cial institutions存款准备金率required reserve ratios储蓄存款利息个人所得税 the individual income tax on interest earnings from savings 证券交易印花税 securities transaction stamp tax rates住房交易税费taxes and fees on housing transaction出手要快、出拳要重、措施要准、工作要实的要求requirement that we act fast, be forc eful, take targeted measures and stress implementation,进一步扩大内需further boost domestic demand重点产业振兴 revitalizing key industry三农 agriculture, rural areas and farmers粮食直补、农资综合补贴、良种补贴、农机具购置补贴 subsidies to grain producers, ge neral subsidies for agricultural production supplies, and subsidies for superior crop varieties and the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools粮食收购价 grain purchase prices主要农产品临时收储政策temporary policy for purchasing and stockpiling major agricul tural products支线飞机、新能源汽车、高速铁路regional aircraft, automobiles powered by new ener gy sources and high-speed railways统筹经济社会发展Balancing economic and social development以创业带动就业的政策our policy to stimulate and expand employment by encouragin g business startup棚户区 shantytown饮水安全safe drinking water免费义务教育 Free compulsory education民族凝聚力 the cohesiveness of our nation基层民主制度The system of local-level democracy防震减灾法draft amendments to the Law on Protecting Against and Mitigating Earth quake Disaster反分裂battle against secessionist新的活力和新的动力 fresh vitality and impetus农村综合改革comprehensive rural reform集体林权 collective forest right企业所得税 corporate Income Tax医药卫生体制pharmaceutical and health care system以质取胜的战略the strategy of competing on quality大灾之后无大疫 no major outbreak of diseases after the deadly earthquake感天动地、可歌可泣的英雄事迹uncountable touching and brave exploits and fully de monstrated the great indomitable and unyielding spirit of the Chinese people全党全军全国各族人民同心同德、团结奋斗的结果the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army and the people of all our ethnic groups行业产能过剩 excess production capacity in some industries市场监管和执法 market oversight and law enforcement社会诚信体系social credit rating system重要战略机遇期important period of strategic opportunities。
考研常用单词大全
考研常用单词大全对于考研的学子来说，英语是至关重要的一门科目，而单词则是英语学习的基石。
掌握大量的常用单词，对于提高英语成绩、理解阅读材料、撰写英语作文等方面都有着不可忽视的作用。
下面为大家整理了一份考研常用单词，希望能对大家的备考有所帮助。
一、政治类1、 democracy 民主2、 politics 政治3、 government 政府4、 policy 政策5、 administration 管理；行政6、 authority 权威；权力7、 legislation 立法8、 constitution 宪法9、 reform 改革10、 revolution 革命二、经济类1、 economy 经济2、 economic 经济的；经济学的3、 economics 经济学4、 finance 财政；金融5、 financial 金融的；财政的6、 investment 投资7、 trade 贸易8、 commercial 商业的9、 market 市场10、 consumption 消费三、文化类1、 culture 文化2、 cultural 文化的3、 tradition 传统4、 heritage 遗产5、 custom 习俗6、 religion 宗教7、 belief 信仰8、 value 价值9、 morality 道德10、 ethics 伦理四、教育类1、 education 教育2、 educational 教育的3、 school 学校4、 university 大学5、 college 学院6、 student 学生7、 teacher 教师8、 professor 教授9、 curriculum 课程10、 study 学习五、科技类1、 science 科学2、 scientific 科学的3、 technology 技术4、 technological 技术的5、 innovation 创新6、 discovery 发现7、 invention 发明8、 experiment 实验9、 data 数据10、 information 信息六、环境类1、 environment 环境2、 environmental 环境的3、 pollution 污染4、 pollutant 污染物5、 conservation 保护；保存6、 sustainable 可持续的7、 resource 资源8、 natural 自然的9、 ecology 生态学10、 climate 气候七、社会类1、 society 社会2、 social 社会的3、 community 社区；团体4、 population 人口5、 urban 城市的6、 rural 农村的7、 poverty 贫困8、 inequality 不平等9、 justice 正义；公平10、 welfare 福利八、健康类1、 health 健康2、 healthy 健康的3、 illness 疾病4、 disease 疾病5、 medicine 医学；药6、 medical 医学的7、 hospital 医院8、 doctor 医生9、 patient 病人10、 prevention 预防九、心理类1、 psychology 心理学2、 psychological 心理的3、 emotion 情感；情绪4、 feeling 感觉；感情5、 stress 压力6、 anxiety 焦虑7、 depression 抑郁8、 motivation 动机；动力9、 confidence 信心10、 personality 个性；性格十、法律类1、 law 法律2、 legal 法律的；合法的3、 legislation 立法4、 justice 司法；正义5、 court 法院6、 judge 法官7、 lawyer 律师8、 crime 犯罪9、 criminal 罪犯；犯罪的10、 penalty 处罚；刑罚以上只是考研英语中常见单词的一部分，大家在备考过程中，还需要结合历年真题、词汇书等资料，不断扩充自己的词汇量。
catti二级英语口译大纲词汇
catti二级英语口译大纲词汇一、政治类。
1. diplomacy [dɪˈpləʊməsi] - n. 外交；外交手腕；交际手段。
- 例句：China's diplomacy has played an important role in international affairs.（中国的外交在国际事务中发挥了重要作用。
）2. negotiation [nɪˌɡəʊʃiˈeɪʃn] - n. 谈判；协商；转让。
- 例句：The negotiation between the two countries lasted for several months.（两国之间的谈判持续了几个月。
）3. treaty [ˈtriːti] - n. 条约；协议；谈判。
- 例句：The two sides signed a treaty to promote economic cooperation.（双方签署了一项促进经济合作的条约。
）4. alliance [əˈlaɪəns] - n. 联盟；联合；联姻。
- 例句：The two countries formed an alliance to resist external threats.（两国结成联盟以抵御外部威胁。
）5. sovereignty [ˈsɒvrənti] - n. 主权；主权国家；君主。
- 例句：Respecting a country's sovereignty is a basic principle in international relations.（尊重一个国家的主权是国际关系中的一项基本原则。
）二、经济类。
1. economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi] - n. 经济；节约；理财。
- 例句：The global economy has been facing some challenges in recent years.（近年来，全球经济一直面临一些挑战。
政治学类专业英语词汇
一院制Unicameral一党制国家One—party States人权Human rights人权宣言Declarations of the Rights of Man and the Citizen工会Trade unions下议院House of Commons上议院House of Lords个人主义Individualism女权主义Feminism马列主Marxism—Leninism马克思主义Marxism马基雅维里主Machiavelli王权Crown无产阶级Proletariat无产阶专政Dictatorship of the proletariat无政府主义Anarchism专制Despotism专制政府/绝对专制主义Absolute government/absolutism中央与地方的关系Central/Local relations分权Separation of powers公共行政Public administration公民权利Civil rights公民自由Civil liberties正义Justice可审判性Justiciability平等Equality奴隶制Slavery占统治地位的党Dominant party代表Delegate代议员Representative 代议制政府Representative government代表制Representation主权Sovereignty市民社会Civil society市（镇）长Major立宪主义Constitutionalism立宪政体Constitutional government立法机关Legislatures立法否决Legislative veto立法委员会Legislative committees立法起草Legislative drafting半总统制Semi-presidential systems议长Speaker议会制度Parliamentary system司法机构Judiciary司法行政官Magistrate司法审查Judicial review民主Democracy民主党Democratic Party民主集中制Democratic centralism民意测验Opinion polls共产党Communist Parties共和国Republic机构/制度Institution权力Power权利Rights权利法案Bill of rights权威Authority妇女选举权Women’s suffrage地方长官Prefect地方政府Local government地方政府财政Local government finance地方政治Local politics同意Consent同意投票Approval voting团体理论Group theory邦联Confederation邦联条例Articles of Confederation自由Freedom自由党Liberal parties自由裁量权Discretion自决Self-determination自治Self-government自治领Dominion行为主义Behaviouralism行政Administration行政机关Executives政委员Administrative board行政法庭Administrative tribunal行政法院Administrative court州长Governor多元主义Pluralism多元社会Plural society多头制Polyarchy多数派政府Majority government多数统治Majority rule决策Decision making决策理论Decision theory农奴制Serfdom阶层/阶级Class麦迪逊，詹姆斯Madison,James苏格拉底Socrates极权主义Totalitarianism否决权Veto投票Voting投票率Turnout护宪Entrenchment财产权Property利益Interests利益表达与聚合Interest articulation and aggregation 利益集团Interest group言论，表达和出版自由Freedom of speech,expression,and the press社区/共同体Community社团主义Corporatism社会主义Socialism社会民主主义Social democracy社会契约论Social contract君主制Monarchy责任Responsibility责任政府Responsible government直接民主Direct democracy直接行动Direct action杰斐逊，托马斯Jefferson,Thomas 欧洲议会European Parliament欧洲共同体European Community歧视Discrimination国际法International Law国家State国家元首Head of state国家消亡Withering away of the state国家财政危机Fiscal crisis of the state非暴力反抗Civil disobedience非暴力行为Non-violent action制定法Statute Law制衡Checks and balance委任Patronage委员会Commission质询Interpellation法Law法令Act法官Judge法治Rule of law法律的正当程序Due process of law法案，议案Bill宗教自由Freedom of religion审判Adjudication审查制度Censorship官僚制/官僚Bureaucracy实证主义Positivism封建主义Feudalism革命和反革命Revolutionand counter-revolution政体Polity政纲platform政变Coup D’etat政府Government政府组成过程Government formationprocess政府首脑Head of government政府调查Public inquiry政治Politics政治义务Politicalobligation政治文化Political culture政治中的种族问题Race in politics政治心理学Political psychology政治发展Political development政治行动委员会（美国）Politicalaction committee政治行为研究Political behaviour政治地理学Political geography政治权力Political power政治局（及常务委员会）Politburo(andPesidium)政治沟通Political communication政治体系/政治系统Political system政治参与Political participation政治财政Political finance政治科学Political science政治社会化Political socialization政治社会学Political sociology政治学的定量方法Quantitative methods in politics政治态度Political attitudes政治腐败Political corruption政治继承Political succession政治理论Political theory政治暴力Political violence政治影响Political influence政治整合/政治一体化Politicalintegratio政党分赃制Spoils system政党认同Party identification政党代表大会Party convention政党功能Parties,political:functions of 政党组织Party organization政党核心集团Machine政党秘密会议Caucus政策分析Policy analysis政策实施Implementation政策输出研究Policy output studies城市政府City government城邦国家City state贵族/贵族制Aristocracy思想库Think tank看守政府Caretaker government选区Constituency选民登记Registration of electors选择投票Ticket-splitting选择领导Leadership selection选举Elections选举团Electoral college选举纲领Election program选举制度Electoral system选票Ballot重农主义Physiocracy重划选区Redistribution重商主义Mercantilism种族灭绝Genocide种族主义Racism种族隔离Apartheid顺从Deference保守主义Conservatism保守党Conservative parties保护主义Clientelism修正主义Revisionism独立机构Independent agency独立宣言Declaration ofIndependence独裁主义，权威主义Authoritarianism独裁制Autocracy帝国Empire帝国主义Imperialism美国革命American Revolution美国国会Congress美国辉格党Whig:U.S.首相（总理）/首相（总理）制政府Prime minister/Primeministerial government总统，总统制President/Presidentialsystem总罢工Generalstrike总督Governor-General派别Faction咨询和同意Advice and consent宣传Propaganda宪法Constitutional law宪法规约Conventionoftheconstitution宪法/宪政Constitution/constitutionalism神权政治Theocracy神授王权Divine right of kings费边主义Fabianism绝对专制主义Absolutism统治阶级Ruling class统治能力Governability恐怖Terror恐怖主义Terrorism格劳修斯Grotius监护Tutelage监察专员Ombudsman党派首领Boss罢免Recall恩格斯Engels缺席投票Absence voting特权Prerogative特许状Charter秘密警察Secret police倒台与政权更迭Breakdown and regime change候选人选择candidate selection爱国主义Patriotism被保护国Protectorate竞争性政党制度Competitive partysystem竞选运动Election campaign部门Department部长，部Minister/Ministry部长会议Council of Ministers准司法Quasi-judicial准--非政府组织Quango资历制Seniority资产阶级Bourgeoisie资本主义Capitalism浮动投票人Floating vote浪漫主义Romanticism宽容Toleration家长型控制Paternalism调查委员会Selectcommittee预算，预算编制Budget/Budgeting陪审团Jury理性Rationality理性选择方法Rational choice 教权主义Clericalism教会与国家Church and State基本权利Fundamental right基层党组织Primary party organization职能代表Functional representation授权立法Delegated legislation授权学说Mandate theory常设委员会Standing committee累计投票Cumulative vote唯心主义Idealism领导Leadership第二院，上议院Second chambers康德Kant混合政府Mixed government弹劾Impeachment隐私Privacy殖民统治Colonial government 联合，联合政府Coalition/Coalition government 联合民主Consociational democracy联合国United Nations联邦制Federalism联邦党人文集Federalist Papers联盟，联合League超载Overload超国家政府Supranational government博爱Fraternity斯大林Stalin 斯宾诺莎Spinoza斯密，亚当Smith,Adam最低下限Droop quota最高行政法院Conseil d’Aetat最高法院Supreme court黑格尔Hegal辉格党与托利党Whigs and Tories等级Estates集体主义Collectivism集体行动Collective action集体领导Collective leadership集合理论Coalition theory街区选举，集团投票Block vote普通法Common law游说Lobbying雇主组织Employer’sorganization强制性投票Compulsory voting鼓励性行动Affirmative action路德，马丁Luther,Martin解散议会Dissolution of parliament意识形态Ideology新左派New Left新右派New Right新政New deal新教政党Protestant parties福利国家Welfare state群众性政党Massmembership party僭主制/暴政Tyranny寡头制Oligarchy寡头政治铁律Iron law of oligarchy精英，精英主义Elites,Elitism精英理论Doctrine of elites腐败选区Rotten borough弊政Maladministration熊彼特Schumpeter影子内阁Shadow cabinet暴力Violence潘恩Paine霍布斯Hobbes穆勒Mill激进主义Radicalism激进政党Radical parties整体主义Holism辩证法Dialectic辩证唯物主义Dialectical materialism警察Police警察国家Police state。
政治类英语词汇
政治类英语词汇politics 政治constitution 宪法legislation 立法Democrats 民主党Republicans 共和党Amendment 修正案Congress 美国国会Senate 参议院House of Representatives 众议院monarchy 君主制anarchism 无政府主义federal system 联邦制presidential system 总统制municipal 市的，市政的metropolitan 大都市的centralized 中央集权的ideology 意识形态tariff 关税immigrant 移民institutionalize 机构化election 选举vote 投票poll 投票，投票数，民意测验office holding 任职veto 否决American Revolution 美国革命/独立战争Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国内战radical 激进的,根本的overturning 颠覆性的independent 独立的breathtaking 激动人心的military 军事的colonize 拓殖，殖民per capita 人均treason 叛国conspiracy 阴谋imprisonment 监禁release 释放pardon 特赦accusation 谴责，指控welfare 福利patronage 资助，赞助unionization 联合，结合列举一些常见诸报端的外来语：attache [法语] 随行人员glasnost [俄语] 公开性；开放jujitsu [日语] 柔术karate [日语] 空手道laissez-faire [法语] 自由主义Lebensraum [德语] 生存空间per annum [拉丁语] 每年rapport [法语] 和睦；友好rendezvous [法语] 约会(地点) sumo [日语相扑karaoke; judo; per capita; tai chi chuan; tsunami英语报刊中经常借用的人名、物名、建筑物名称乃至别名等专有名词多属习常见惯的。
政治英语词汇
For four years in a row（连续四年）a year-on-year increase（比上年增加）reform and opening up policy（改革开放政策）social programs（社会事业）per capita（每人的，人均的）after adjusting for inflation（扣除价格因素）moderately prosperous society（小康社会）macroeconomic regulatory（宏观调控）new socialist countryside（社会主义新农村）pursuant to the law（依法）rural migrant workers in cities（农民工）surplus production capacity（生产力过剩）opened to traffic（通车）energy conservation（节能）state-owned enterprises（国有企业）civil servant（公务员）made breakthroughs（取得突破）miscellaneous fees（杂费）secondary vocational schools（中等职业学校）incorporated villages（行政村）unincorporated villages（自然村）After years of effort（经过多年努力）basic cost of living allowances（最低生活保障）autonomous regions（自治区）free our minds（解放思想）follow a realistic and pragmatic approach（实事求是）keep pace with the times（与时俱进）Chinese socialism（中国特色社会主义）social harmony（社会和谐）special administrative regions（特别行政区）prudent fiscal policy.（稳健的财政政策）boosting domestic demand（扩大内需）cutting-edge（前沿）displaced residents（（三峡）移民）non-publicly funded schools（民办学校）school year（学年）communicable diseases（传染病）social safety net（社会保障）discharged military personnel（退伍军人）pyramid schemes（传销）pilot project（试点）Income Tax（所得税）futures market（期货市场）high value-added（高附加值）cutthroat competition（恶性竞争）hand over foot（大手大脚）plug up loopholes（堵塞漏洞）People's Armed Police（武警）starting point and objective（出发点和落脚点）socialist market economy（社会主义市场经济）Scientific Outlook on Development（科学发展观）harmonious socialist society（社会主义和谐社会）tailor measures to suit local conditions（因地制宜）（adjust measures to local conditions）South-to-North Water Diversion Project（南水北调）administrative examination and approval（行政审批）exercise activities for the general public（全民健身活动）large-scale development of the western region（西部大开发）processing industry for agricultural products（农产品加工业）municipalities directly under the central government（直辖市）primary, secondary and tertiary industry（第一第二第三产业）deliver a good report to the people.（向人民交出满意的答卷）socialist cultural and ethical progress（社会主义精神文明建设）give full play to the initiative of each.（充分发挥各自的积极性）registering the third consecutive annual increase（连续三年增加）physically and mentally challenged persons（残疾人，肢残和智残）resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.（资源节约型和环境友好型社会）ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.（让全体人民共享改革发展的成果）联合国粮农组织, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)小康水平, A well-off/well-to-do standard of living小康社会, A well-off society扶贫, Help alleviate poverty扶贫运动, Anti-poverty programs脱贫致富, To shake off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity星火计划, Spark Program国务院扶贫办公室, The State Council’s Poverty Relief Office退耕还林, To revert farmlands to forests植树造林, Afforestation农村集市, Rural fair发展生产，繁荣经济, Develop production and bring about a prosperous economy 多种产业经济, Multi-industrial economy共同繁荣（富裕）, Common prosperity使农民走上富裕之路, To put farmers onto the way to wealth达到小康水平, Attain the well-off standard/achieve modest wealth解决温饱问题, Find a solution to basic problems of livelihood/solve the problems of food and clothing贫困地区, The hinterland/poverty-stricken areas中西部地区, The western and middle regions为吃穿问题发愁, To worry about sufficient food and clothing农业制度改革, Agricultural system reforms农业结构改革, A restructuring reform in agriculture农村经济改革, Rural economic reforms深化农村业改革, Deep the rural reform吃大锅饭, To feed on a communal pot打破大锅饭, To break up a communal pot发展乡镇企业, To develop township enterprises发展集体经济, To develop collective economy兴修水利, To launch water-conservancy projects多种农业经营, A diversified economy in agriculture减轻农民负担, Alleviate farmers’ heavy load/relieve peasants of their heavy burdens 补偿贸易, Compensation trade转口贸易, Transit trade/entrepot trade贸易争端, Trade disputes贸易顺差, Favorable trade balance贸易逆差, Unfavorable trade balance过境贸易, Transit trade贸易自由化, Trade liberalization自由贸易市场, Free markets and fairs乡村贸易市场, Village fair and rural market国际贸易顺差, Foreign trade surplus国际贸易逆差, Foreign trade deficits海关总署, General Customs Administration国际收支平衡, Balance of international payments互惠合同, Reciprocal contract撕毁合同, To tear up a contract跳蚤市场, Flea market拍卖市场, Auction market劳务市场, Labor market繁荣市场, Flourish the market调节市场, Regulate the market逛夜市, Visit night markets乱收费, Random charges提供销售奖券, Offer lottery tickets with purchasing薄利多销, To promote sales by lowering the profit margin市场疲软, A sluggish market单方贸易制裁, Unilateral trade sanctions双边贸易总额, Bilateral trade volume采取优惠政策, Adopt/launch a preferential policy建立经常的贸易联系, To establish regular trade relations中国国际贸易促进会, China Council for the promotion of International Trade中国远洋运输总公司, China General Ocean Shipping Company欧洲自由贸易区, European Free Trade Area国际贸易中心, International Trade Center北大西洋公约组织, North Atlantic Treaty Organization/NATO加入世贸组织, Accession/entry to the WTO关贸总协定, The General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade/GATT最惠国待遇, Most-Favored-Nation treatment互惠的基础上, On a reciprocal basis严格产品质量检查制度, To strictly observe the rules for checking quality of products乌拉圭回合谈判, The Uruguay Round一揽子协议, The package agreements商品贸易, Merchandise trade金融服务自由化, Financial service liberalization贸易国, Trading nations银行业执照, Banking licenses（中国）新的经济增长点, A new growth point of China’s economy摆脱困境, To be lifted from the difficulty situation饱和, Saturation逼债, Press sb to pay off the debts部委, Ministries and commissions财团, Consortium; syndicate财政、税收制度, The fiscal and taxation system国内时事Domestic Affairs中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会17th National Congress of Communist Party of China (17th NCCPC)中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection中共中央委员会CPC Central Committee全国人民代表大会(简称全国人大) National People’s Congress (NPC)九届全国人大四次会议the Fourth Session of the Ninth National People’s Congress 全国人大代表deputy to the National People’s Congress全国人民代表大会主席团the NPC Presidium全国人民代表大会常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会(简称全国政协) National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (C PPCC)中国政协委员member of the National Committee of CPPCC最高人民法院Supreme People’s Court最高人民法院院长President of the Supreme People’s C ourt最高人民检察院Supreme People’s Procuratorate最高人民检察院检察长Procurator-General国务院State Council国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labor and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Natural Resources铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications水利部Ministry of Water Resources对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission审计署Auditing Administration中共中央总书记General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee政治局委员Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee书记处书记Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员Member, Central Committee候补委员Alternate Member省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记secretary, Party Leadership Group中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress 秘书长Secretary-General主任委员Chairman委员Member（地方人大）主任Chairman, Local People’s Congress人大代表Deputy to the People’s Congress国务院总理Premier, State Council副总理Vice Premier国务委员State Councilor秘书长Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任Minister in Charge of Commission for（国务院各部）部长Minister部长助理Assistant Minister司长Director局长Director省长Governor常务副省长Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席Chairm an, Autonomous Regional People’s Government地区专员Commissioner, prefecture香港特别行政区行政长官Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region市长/副市长Mayor/Vice Mayor区长Chief Executive, District Government县长Chief Executive, County Government乡镇长Chief Executive, Township Government秘书长Secretary-General办公厅主任Director, General Office（部委办）主任Director处长/副处长Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief科长/股长Section Chief科员Clerk/Officer有中国特色的社会主义民主政治socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory三个代表three represents theory (the Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.)高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of "Three Represents"坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time.两大历史性课题（提高党的执政能力和领导水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力）the two major historic subjects of enhancing the abilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption, guarding against degeneration and warding off risks.全面推进党的建设的新的伟大工程forge ahead with the new great project of Party building三讲教育：讲学习，讲政治，讲正气three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)新闻发布会news conference政府工作报告government’s work report国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOE)人均国内生产总值per-capita gross domestic product (GDP)国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)经济房low-cost housing西部大开发the strategy of developing the western region西部大开发战略develop-the-west strategy扩大住房贷款，助学贷款和大件消费品贷款expand housing loans, student loans and major commodity loans弱势群体disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。
政治学类专业英语词汇
政治学类专业英语词汇！一院制Unicameral一党制国家One—party States人权Human rights 人权宣言Declarations of the Rights of Man and the Citizen工会Trade unions下议院House of Commons上议院House of Lords个人主义Individualism女权主义Feminism马列主义Marxism—Leninism马克思主义Marxism马基雅维里主义Machiavelli王权Crown无产阶级Proletariat无产阶专政Dictatorship of the proletariat无政府主义Anarchism专制Despotism专制政府/绝对专制主义Absolute government/absolutism中央与地方的关系Central/Local relations分权Separation of powers公共行政Public administration公民权利Civil rights公民自由Civil liberties正义Justice可审判性Justiciability平等Equality奴隶制Slavery占统治地位的党Dominant party代表Delegate 代议员Representative 代议制政府Representative government代表制Representation主权Sovereignty市民社会Civil society市（镇）长Major立宪主义Constitutionalism立宪政体Constitutional government立法机关Legislatures立法否决Legislative veto立法委员会Legislative committees立法起草Legislative drafting半总统制Semi-presidential systems议长Speaker议会制度Parliamentary system 司法机构Judiciary司法行政官Magistrate司法审查Judicial review民主Democracy民主党Democratic Party民主集中制Democratic centralism民意测验Opinion polls共产党CommunistParties共和国Republic机构/制度Institution权力Power权利Rights权利法案Bill of rights权威Authority妇女选举权Women’s suffrage地方长官Prefect地方政府Local government地方政府财政Local government finance地方政治Local politics同意Consent同意投票Approval voting 团体理论Group theory邦联Confederation邦联条例Articles of Confederation自由Freedom自由党Liberal parties自由裁量权Discretion 自决Self-determination自治Self-government自治领Dominion行为主义Behaviouralism行政Administration行政机关Executives政委员Administrative board行政法庭Administrative tribunal 行政法院Administrative court州长Governor多元主义Pluralism多元社会Plural society多头制Polyarchy多数派政府Majority government多数统治Majority rule决策Decision making决策理论Decision theory农奴制Serfdom阶层/阶级Class麦迪逊，詹姆斯Madison,James苏格拉底Socrates极权主义Totalitarianism否决权Veto投票Voting投票率Turnout护宪Entrenchment财产权Property利益Interests利益表达与聚合Interest articulation and aggregation利益集团Interest group 言论，表达和出版自由Freedom of speech,expression,and the press社区/共同体Community社团主义Corporatism社会主义Socialism社会民主主义Social democracy社会契约论Social contract君主制Monarchy责任Responsibility责任政府Responsible government直接民主Direct democracy直接行动Direct action杰斐逊，托马斯Jefferson,Thomas欧洲议会European Parliament欧洲共同体European Community歧视Discrimination国际法International Law国家State国家元首Head of state国家消亡Withering away of the state国家财政危机Fiscal crisis of the state非暴力反抗Civil disobedience非暴力行为Non-violent action制定法Statute Law制衡Checks and balance委任Patronage委员会Commission质询Interpellation法Law法令Act法官Judge法治Rule of law法律的正当程序Due process of law法案，议案Bill宗教自由Freedom of religion 审判Adjudication审查制度Censorship官僚制/官僚Bureaucracy实证主义Positivism封建主义Feudalism革命和反革命Revolution and counter-revolution政体Polity政纲platform政变Coup D’etat政府Government政府组成过程Government formation process政府首脑Head of government政府调查Public inquiry政治Politics政治义务Political obligation政治文化Political culture政治中的种族问题Race in politics 政治心理学Political psychology政治发展Political development政治行动委员会（美国）Political actioncommittee政治行为研究Political behaviour政治地理学Political geography政治权力Political power政治局（及常务委员会）Politburo(and Pesidium)政治沟通Political communication政治体系/政治系统Political system政治参与Political participation政治财政Political finance政治科学Political science政治社会化Political socialization政治社会学Political sociology政治学的定量方法Quantitative methods in politics政治态度Political attitudes政治腐败Political corruption政治继承Political succession政治理论Political theory政治暴力Political violence政治影响Political influence政治整合/政治一体化Political integratio政党分赃制Spoils system政党认同Party identification政党代表大会Party convention政党功能Parties,political:functions of 政党组织Party organization政党核心集团Machine政党秘密会议Caucus政策分析Policy analysis政策实施Implementation政策输出研究Policy output studies城市政府City government城邦国家City state贵族/贵族制Aristocracy思想库Think tank看守政府Caretaker government选区Constituency选民登记Registration of electors选择投票Ticket-splitting选择领导Leadership selection选举Elections选举团Electoral college选举纲领Election program选举制度Electoral system选票Ballot重农主义Physiocracy 重划选区Redistribution重商主义Mercantilism种族灭绝Genocide种族主义Racism种族隔离Apartheid 顺从Deference保守主义Conservatism保守党Conservative parties保护主义Clientelism修正主义Revisionism 独立机构Independent agency独立宣言Declaration of Independence独裁主义，权威主义Authoritarianism独裁制Autocracy帝国Empire帝国主义Imperialism美国革命American Revolution美国国会Congress 美国辉格党Whig:U.S.首相（总理）/首相（总理）制政府Primeminister/Prime ministerial government总统，总统制President/Presidential system总罢工General strike总督Governor-General派别Faction咨询和同意Advice and consent宣传Propaganda宪法Constitutional law宪法规约Convention of theconstitution宪法/宪政Constitution/constitutionalism神权政治Theocracy神授王权Divine right of kings费边主义Fabianism绝对专制主义Absolutism统治阶级Ruling class统治能力Governability恐怖Terror恐怖主义Terrorism格劳修斯Grotius监护Tutelage监察专员Ombudsman党派首领Boss罢免Recall恩格斯Engels缺席投票Absence voting特权Prerogative特许状Charter秘密警察Secret police 倒台与政权更迭Breakdown and regime change候选人选择candidate selection爱国主义Patriotism被保护国Protectorate竞争性政党制度Competitive party system竞选运动Election campaign部门Department 部长，部Minister/Ministry部长会议Council of Ministers准司法Quasi-judicial准--非政府组织Quango资历制Seniority资产阶级Bourgeoisie资本主义Capitalism浮动投票人Floating vote浪漫主义Romanticism宽容Toleration家长型控制Paternalism调查委员会Select committee预算，预算编制Budget/Budgeting陪审团Jury理性Rationality理性选择方法Rational choice教权主义Clericalism教会与国家Church and State基本权利Fundamental right基层党组织Primary party organization职能代表Functional representation授权立法Delegated legislation授权学说Mandate theory常设委员会Standing committee累计投票Cumulative vote唯心主义Idealism领导Leadership第二院，上议院Second chambers康德Kant混合政府Mixed government弹劾Impeachment隐私Privacy殖民统治Colonial government联合，联合政府Coalition/Coalition government联合民主Consociational democracy联合国United Nations联邦制Federalism联邦党人文集Federalist Papers 联盟，联合League超载Overload超国家政府Supranational government 博爱Fraternity斯大林Stalin斯宾诺莎Spinoza斯密，亚当Smith,Adam 最低下限Droop quota最高行政法院Conseil d’AEtat最高法院Supreme court黑格尔Hegal辉格党与托利党Whigs and Tories等级Estates集体主义Collectivism集体行动Collective action集体领导Collective leadership集合理论Coalition theory街区选举，集团投票Block vote普通法Common law游说Lobbying雇主组织Employer’s organization强制性投票Compulsory voting鼓励性行动Affirmative action路德，马丁Luther,Martin解散议会Dissolution of parliament意识形态Ideology新左派New Left新右派New Right新政New deal新教政党Protestant parties福利国家Welfare state群众性政党Mass membership party僭主制/暴政Tyranny寡头制Oligarchy寡头政治铁律Iron law of oligarchy精英，精英主义Elites,Elitism精英理论Doctrine of elites腐败选区Rotten borough弊政Maladministration熊彼特Schumpeter影子内阁Shadow cabinet暴力Violence潘恩Paine霍布斯Hobbes穆勒Mill激进主义Radicalism激进政党Radical parties 整体主义Holism辩证法Dialectic辩证唯物主义Dialectical materialism警察Police警察国家Police staterequest the consent of ...征求…的同意Information service新闻处diplomat外交官diplomatic rank外交官衔diplomatic representative外交代表ambassador大使ambassador-at-large巡回大使special envoy特使counselor参赞consul-general总领事consul领事charge d'affaires代办attache随员commercial attache商务专员cultural attache文化专员military attache武官foreign affairs外交事务diplomatic practice外交惯例diplomatic immunities外交豁免diplomatic privileges外交特权diplomatic channels外交途径diplomatic courier外交信使diplomatic bag外交邮袋diplomatic pouch外交邮袋letter of credence/credentials 国书communique公报announcement公告announcement通告letter of introduction介绍书National People's Congress 全国人民代表大会Fifteenth National Congress 第十五次全国代表大会Standing committee常务委员会National Committee全国委员会Chairman委员长Vice Chairpersons副委员长State Council国务院Premier总理Vice Premier副总理State Councillors国务委员Central Committee中央委员会State President国家主席Chairman主席Vice Chairman副主席General Secretary总书记Central Military Committee 中央军事委员会Supreme People's Court最高人民法院Ministry of Finance财政部Ministry of Public Security 公安部Ministry of Supervision监察部Ministry of Communications 交通部Ministry of Education教育部Ministry of Personnel人事部memorandum/aide-memoire 备忘录statement声明mutual recognition互相承认de jure recognition法律承认de facto recognition事实上承认identification card身份证Ministry of Justice司法部Propaganda Department宣传部People's organization人民团体Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Consulate-general总领事馆Consulate领事馆Liaison office联络处Military attache's office武官处certificate of appointment委任证书exequatur许可证书proceed to take up one's post 赴任express regret表示遗憾object to提出异议take up a matter with 向…交涉lodge a protest with向…提出抗议verbal note普通照会circular note通知照会normalization正常化present one's credentials递交国书exchange ambassadors互派大使persona grata受欢迎的人during one's absence离任期间declaration/manifesto宣言letter of recall召回公文note(外交)照会formal note正式照会establish consular relations 建立领事关系assume one's post就任resume diplomatic relations恢复外交关系中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC中央组织部Organization Department, CCCPC中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC中央政策研究室Policy Research Office, CCCPC中央直属机关工作委员会Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC中央国家机关工作委员会State Organs Work Committee of the CPC中央台湾工作委员会Taiwan Affairs Office, CCCPC中央对外宣传办公室International Communication Office, CCCPC中央党校Party School of the CPC中央党史研究室Party History Research Centre, CCCPC中央文献研究室Party Literature Research Centre, CCCPC中央翻译局Compilation and Translation Bureau, CCCPC中央外文出版发行事业局China Foreign Languages Publishing and Distribution Administration中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPC《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Its Structure中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee专门委员会Special Committee提案委员会Committee for Handling Proposals经济委员会Committee for Economic Affairs人口资源环境委员会Committee of Population, Resources and Environment教科文卫体委员会Committee of Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious Affairs文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and Historical Data港澳台侨委员会Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas Chinese外事委员会Committee of Foreign Affairs中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees《中国政党Chinese Parties》中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China (CPC)中国国民党革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang 中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democratic League中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主促进会(民进)China Association for Promoting Democracy中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang九三学社Jiu San Society台湾民主自治同盟(台盟)Taiwan Democratic SelfGovernment League。
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1. 日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous
2. 快速发展develop rapidly
3. 隆重集会gather ceremoniously
4. 热爱和平love peace
5. 追求进步pursue progress
6. 履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations
7. 回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle
8. 展望伟大征程look into the great journey
9. 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength
10. 必胜be bound to win
11. 主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action
12. 和平共处coexist peacefully
13. 对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally
14. 经历两个不同时期experience two different periods
15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties
16. 赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another
17. 完全意识到be fully aware that
18. 迈出重要的一步make an important step
19. 采取各种措施adopt various measures
20. 得出结论,告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion
21. 实现民族独立realize national independence
22. 追求真理seek the truth
23. 建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system
24. 根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption
25. 响应号召respond to the call
26. 进入新时期enter a new period
27. 实行新政策practice new policies
28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality
29. 增强综合国力enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and
和国际竟争力international competitiveness
30. 进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world
31. 解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing
32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations
33. 与日俱增increase every day
34. 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes
35. 必将实现be bound to come true
36. 锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army
37. 建立巩固的国防build a strong national defense
38. 进行和谈hold peace talks
39. 修改法律amend the laws
40. 在．．．中起（至关）play a major的(crucial, an important ) role in
重要作用
41. 对．．．做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to
42. 遵循规则follow the principles
43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice …
44. 把．．．作为指导take… as the guide
45. 缓和紧张状况ease the tension
46. 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner
47. 解决新问题resolve new problems
48. 观察当今世界observe the present-day world
49. 开拓前进open up new ways forward
50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power
51. 结束暴力，开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks
52. 进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment
53. 开始生效go into effect / enter into force
54. 就．．．接受妥协accept a compromise on
55. 接受．．．的采访be interviewed by
56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society
57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities
58. 维护世界和平maintain world peace
59. 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness
60. 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity
61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism
62. 宣布。
召开announce the opening of
63. 对．．．具有深远的影响have a far-reaching impact on
64. 面对．．．明显的缺陷face up to the obvious defects of
65. 保护妇女权利不受侵犯guarantee（protect ）women’s rights against infringement。