太原理工大学攻读硕士研究生入学考试试题
太原理工大学研究生基础英语试卷及答案
07-1 PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. If innovators are not financially rewarded for their innovations, the incentive forpath-breaking innovation will eventually dry up.A. investmentB. resourceC. inspirationD. stimulus22. These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despitethe appalling workingconditions.A. bewilderingB. exasperatingC. dismayingD. upsetting23. Many critics agreed that by and large, this movie was a success in terms of acting andphotography.A. all at onceB. by and byC. to some extentD. on the whole24. The country carried on nuclear tests without feeling apprehensive about theconsequences.A. optimisticB. anxiousC. uncertainD. scared25. There is the fear that babies might be genetically altered to suit the parents' wishes.A. enhancedB. revisedC. alternatedD. modified26. The American Civil War is believed to have stemmed from differences over slavery.A. arisen fromB. contributed toC. patched upD. participated in27. Experts said the amount of compensation for sick smokers would be reduced if cooler jurorsprevailed.A. resignedB. compromisedC. persistedD. dominated28. Hamilton hoped for a nation of cities while Jeffersoncontended that the countryshould remain chiefly agricultural.A. inclinedB. struggledC. arguedD. competed29. There have been some speculations at times as to who will take over the company.A. on occasionB. at presentC. by nowD. for sure30. TWA was criticized for trying to cover up the truth rather than promptly notifyingvictims' families.A. brieflyB. quicklyC. accuratelyD. earnestlySection B (0.5 point each)31. New York probably has the largest number of different language _________ in the world.A. neighborhoodsB. communitiesC. clustersD. assemblies32. Nuclear wastes are considered to _____ a threat to human health and marine life.poseB. imposeC. exposeD. pose33. Some states in the US have set _____ standards concerning math and science tests.A. energeticB.vigorousC. rigorousD. grave34. This school promised to make classes smaller and offer more individualized ___________.A. presentationB. instructionC. convictionD.obligation35. Because of ______ ways of life, the couple has some difficulty getting along witheach other.A. incomprehensibleB. incomparableC. inconceivableD. incompatible36. As __________China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthenanti-corruption activities are gaining momentum.A. in the light ofB. in the event ofC. in the case ofD. in the course of37. According to an Australian research, moderate drinkers ________ better thinkers thanheavy drinkers or those who never drink.A. end upB. take upC. put upD. turn up38. Strangely enough, an old man ______ me and introduced himself, who turned out tobe a friend of my father’s.A. stood up toB. walked up toC. lived up toD. added up to39. Many children often _____ why airplanes can fly like birds while we humanscannot.A. assumeB. anticipateC. assureD. wonder40. The FDA was created to _______ the safety of products, review applications and grantapprovals.A. manipulateB. adjustC. regulateD. managePART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Tall people earn considerably more money throughout their lives than their shorterco-workers, with each inch adding about US$789 a year in pay, according to a new study."Height 41 career success," says Timothy Judge, a University of Floridaprofessor of management, who led the study. "These findings are troubling since, with afew 42 , such as professional basketball, no one could argue that height issomething essential required for job 43 ," Judge points out.Judge analyzed results of four large-scale studies in the US and Britain that followedthousands of people from childhood to adulthood, examining details of their work andpersonal lives. "If you take this 44 the course of a 30-year career, we're talkingabout literally hundreds of thousands of dollars of earnings 45 that a tall personenjoys," Judge said.Greater height boosted both subjective ratings of work performance--a supervisor's 46 of how effective someone is-- and 47 measures of performance--such assales volume. Being tall may boost self-confidence, improving performance. Otherpeople may also give higher 48 and greater respect to a tall person, giving theman edge in negotiating states, he says.The commanding influence of height may be a remainder of our evolutionary49 . Maybe from a time when humans lived among animals and size was 50 power and strength used when making "fight or run" decisions.41. A. makes out B. works in C. takes on D. matters for42.A. cases B. exceptions C. examples D. problems43. A. performance B. operation C. condition D. environment44.A. on B. with C. over D. to45. A. deficiency B. advantage C. lossD. necessity46. A. imagination B. decision C. judge D. evaluation47. A. relative B. absolute C. objective D.initiative48. A. state B. status C. situation D. statue49. A. origins B. sources C. courses D. organizations50.A. a time in B. a hold on C. a work at D. a sign ofPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneAt the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), a student loaded his classnotes into a handheld e-mail device and tried to read them during an exam: a classmateturned him in. At the University of Nevada at Las Vegas (UNLV) students photographedtest questions with their cellphone cameras and transmitted them to classmates. Theuniversity put in place a new examination-supervision system. "If they'd spend as muchtime studying, they'd all be A students," says Ron Yasbin, dean of the College ofSciences of UNLV.With a variety of electronic devices, American students find it easier to cheat. Andcollege officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse. They are trying to fightwould-be cheats in the exam season by cutting off Internet access from laptops, demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests or simply requiring that exams betaken with pens and paper."It is annoying. My hand-writing is so bad," said Ryan Dapremont, 21 who justfinished his third year at PepperdineUniversity in California. He had to take his examson paper. Dapremont said technology has made cheating easier, but plagiarism(剽窃) inwriting papers was probably the biggest problem. Students can lift other people's writingsoff the Internet without attributing them.Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of themindset, not the tools at hand. "Some people put too much emphasis on where they'regoing to go in the future, and all they're thinking about is graduate school and the nextstep," said Lindsay Nicholas, a third-year student at UCLA. She added that pressure tosucceed "sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn'tdo."Some professors said they tried to write exams for which it was hard to cheat,posing questions that outside resources would not help answer. Many officials said thatthey rely on campus honor codes. They said the most important thing was to teachstudents not to cheat in the first place.51. One student at UCLA was found cheating ________________.A. when he was loading his class notes into a handheld e-mail deviceB. when he was trying to tell the answers to his classmatesC. after the university put in place a new examination-supervision systemD. after his classmate reported his cheating to the authority52. According to Ron Yasbin, all the cheating students _____________.A. should be severely punished for their dishonestyB. didn't have much time to study before the examC. could get the highest grades if they had studied hard enoughD. could be excused because they were not familiar with the new system53. To win the new game of cat and mouse in examinations, the college officials have to______________.A. use many high-tech devicesB. cut off Internet access on campusC. turn to the oral exanimation formsD. cut off the use of high-tech devices54. According to Ryan Dapremont, ______________.A. examinations taken with pens and paper were useless in fighting cheatingB. his examination paper was under-graded because of his bad hand-writingC. cheating was more serious in writing papers than in examinationsD. it was more difficult for him to lift other people's writings off the Internet55. Which of the following is probably the most Significant measure to fight cheating?A. Putting less emphasis on where the students are going to go in the future.B. Letting students know that honesty is more important.C. Writing examinations for which it is hard to cheat.D. Setting up more strict campus honor codes.56. The best title of the passage might be_____________.A. Cheating Has Gone High-techB. Game of Cat and MouseC. A New Examination-supervision SystemD. Measures to Fight Against DishonestyPassage TwoTop marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs withhuge feet and gold medal weightlifters are solid blocks of muscle with short arms andlegs. So, does your physical shape--and the way your body works--fit you for aparticular sport? Or does your body develop a certain way because of your chosen sport?"It's about 55:45, genes to the environment," says Mike Rennie, professor of clinicalphysiology at Britain's University of Nottingham Medical School. Rennie cites the caseof identical twins from Germany, one of whom was a long-distance athlete, the other apowerful sportsman, so, "They look quite different, despite being identical twins."Someone who's 1.5-meters tall has little chance of becoming an elite basketballplayer. Still, being over two meters tall won't automatically push you to Olympic gold."Unless you have tactical sense where needed, unless you have access to good equipment,medical care and the psychological conditions, and unless you are able to drive yourself through pain, all the physical strength will be in vain," said Craig Sharp, professor ofsports science at Britain's Brunel University.Jonathan Robinson, an applied sports scientist at the University of Bath's sportsdevelopment department, in southwest England, points to the importance of technique."In swimming only 5-10 per cent of the propelling force comes from the legs, sotechnique is vital."Having the right physique for the right sport is a good starting point. Seventeenyears ago, the Australian Institute of Sport started a national Talent Search Program,which searched schools for 14-16-year-olds with the potential to be elite athletes. One oftheir first finds was Megan Still, world champion rower. In 1987, Still had never pickedup an oar in her life. But she had almost the perfect physique for a rower. After intensivetraining, she won gold in women's rowing in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.Other countries have followed the Australian example. Now the explosion of geneticknowledge has meant that there is now a search, not just for appropriate physique but alsofor "performance genes."57. It can be concluded from the passage that__________.A. physical strength is more important for sportspersons' successB. training conditions are more important for sportspersons' successC. genes are more important for sportspersons' successD. psychological conditions are more important for sportspersons' success58. The case of identical twins from Germany shows that_________.A. environment can help determine people's body shapeB. genes are the decisive factors for people's body shapeC. identical twins are likely to enjoy different sportsD. identical twins may have different genes for different sports59. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Craig Sharp as a required quality for asportsperson to win an Olympic gold medal?A. The physical strength.B. The right training conditions.C. The talent for the sports.D. The endurance for pains.60. Seventeen years ago Megan Still was chosen for rowing because____________.A. she had the talent for rowingB. her body shape was right for a rowerC. she had the performance genesD. she was a skillful rower61. The word "elite" in Paragraph 5 means ________ .A. the most wealthyB. the most skilledC. the most industriousD. the most intelligent62. The elite athletes of the future may come from people who naturally possess___________.A. the best body shapes and an iron purposeB. the extremes of the right physique and strong willsC. the right psychological conditions and sports talentsD. the right physique and genes for sportsPassage ThreeFor years, a network of citizens' groups and scientific bodies has been claiming thatscience of global warming is inconclusive. But who funded them?Exxon's involvement is well known. ExxonMobil is the world's most profitablecorporation. It makes most of its money from oil, and has more to lose than any othercompany from efforts to tackle climate change. To safeguard its profits, ExxonMobilneeds to sow doubt about whether serious action needs to be taken on climate change.But there are difficulties: it must confront a scientific consensus as strong as that whichmaintains that smoking causes lung cancer or that HIV causes Aids. So what's itsstrategy?The website , using data found in the company's official documents,lists 124 organizations that have taken money from the company or work closely withthose that have. These organizations take a consistent line on climate change: that thescience is contradictory, the scientists are split, environmentalists are liars or lunatics, andif governments took action to prevent global warming, they would be endangering theglobal economy for no good reason. The findings these organizations dislike are labeled"junk science". The findings they welcome are labeled "sound science".This is not to claim that all the science these groups champion is bogus. On thewhole, they use selection, not invention. They will find one contradictory study - such asthe discovery of tropospheric (对流层的) cooling - and promote it relentlessly. They willcontinue to do so long after it has been disproved by further work. So, for example, JohnChristy, the author of the troposphere paper, admitted in August 2005 that his figureswere incorrect, yet his initial findings are still being circulated and championed by manyof these groups, as a quick internet search will show you.While they have been most effective in the United States, the impacts of theclimate-change deniers sponsored by Exxon have been felt all over the world. Bydominating the media debate on climate change during seven or eight critical years inwhich urgent international talks should have been taking place, by constantly seedingdoubt about the science just as it should have been most persuasive, they have justifiedthe money their sponsors have spent on them many times over. 63. Which of the following has NOT been done by the organizations to establish theirposition on climate change'?A. Damaging the reputation of environmentalists.B. Emphasizing the lack of consensus among scientists.C. Stressing the unnecessary harm to tile global economy.D. Protecting the scientific discoveries from being misused.64. Which of the following is closest in meaning to "bogus' (in Paragraph 4)?A. Reasonable.B. Fake.C. Limitless.D. Inconsistent.65. John Christy is mentioned to show_______________.A. how closely these organizations work with scientistsB. how these organizations select scientific findings for theirownpurposeC. how important correct data are for scientists to make sound discoveriesD. how one man's mistake may set back the progress of science66. The organizations sponsored by Exxon ___________.A. have lived up to their promisesB. have almost caused worldwide chaosC. have failed to achieve their original goalD. have misunderstood the request of the sponsor67. The passage is mainly focused on____________.A. Exxon's involvement in scientific scandalsB. Exxon's contributions to the issue of climate changeC. Exxon's role in delaying solutions to global warmingD. Exxon's efforts to promote more scientific discoveries68. What is the author's tone in presenting the passage?A. Factual.B. Praiseful.C. Biased.D. Encouraging.Passage FourWhere anyone reaching the age of 60 was considered to be near death's door at theturn of the 20th century, it is barely old enough for retirement at the turn of the 21stcentury. And scientists are still not holding back. They say that as new anti-ageingtreatments become available, our species will get even older. While few would argue thatliving longer is an attractive idea, therapid increase in the number of years begs aquestion: Can our health expectancy be as close as possible to our life expectancy?Predictions for future health expectancy have changed over the past few decades. Inthe 1980s, life expectancy was increasing but the best data suggested that for everyincreased year of life expectancy, a greater fraction was disabled life expectancy. Whatwe would see was a piling up of chronic illness and related disability which medicalscience couldn't prevent.But that world view changed suddenly in the early 1990s with the publication of astudy by researchers at DukeUniversity, who had been following the health of 20,000people for almost a decade. They showed that disability among the elderly was not onlydropping, but it was doing so at an ever-increasing rate.Arian Richardson, director of the Barshop Institute for Ageing and Longevityresearch, predicts that understanding the mechanisms behind calorie restriction and othergenetic reasons behind ageing could be used within the next two decades to give peopleseveral extra healthy years of life. Restrict how much an animal eats, for example, and itwill live longer. In lab experiments, rats on calorie-restricted diets were found to bephysiologically younger, got diseases later in life and, at any rate, had less severe cases."From the models that have been looked at, the increase in lifespan is usually in the rangeof 15-30% maximum," says Richardson. Cutting calories is thought to trigger a switch inan animal's behaviour from normal to a state of stasis in which growth and ageing aretemporarily put on hold. When food becomes available again, the animal's behaviourswitches back.Richardson says that thinking about stopping ageing is a "little bit silly" at themoment but doesn't dismiss it altogether, arguing that none of the illnesses related toageing should be inevitable. Start with a high-quality body (and that means eating yourgreens, not smoking and doing lots of exercise in your younger days) and you can keep itgoing for longer with high quality maintenance. "It'll be like the difference between aRolls-Royce and a cheap car."69. It can be seen from the first paragraph that people have doubts on whether _____________.A. is possible to live a longer healthyandlifeB. humans can live as long as scientists predictC. living longer is still considered a good ideaD. new anti-ageing treatments are safe for humans70. In the 1980s, the data on people's health expectancy_______________.A. gave an optimistic predictionB. showed an unclear futureC. led to a pessimistic perceptionD. turned out to be a mixed blessing71. In the lab experiment on rats,_____________.A. food restriction is not the only factor proved to have workedB. responses to food restriction vary from animal to animalC. the animals' lifespan increases with the amount of food eatenD.different amounts of food cause a change in the animals' behavior72. Richardson believes that_________.A. it is impossible for humans to stop ageingB. it is worthless to talk about stopping ageingC. stopping ageing is a dream that may come trueD. illness is the biggest obstacle to stopping ageing73. Rolls-Royce is used to convey the idea that_______________.A. quality life is out of reach for most peopleB. quality life can slow down the process of agingC. how long one can live depends on the genes one carriesD. the more money one invests in health, the healthier one will be.74. The most suitable title for the passage is“___________”.A. Problems of An Ageing SocietyB. Health Care for the ElderlyC. Eating Healthier, Living LongerD.The Future of Old AgePassage FiveIn dealing with a student who is acting aggressively toward his classmates, you wantto send a strong message that aggressive behavior will not be tolerated in your classroom.In addition, you want to help him develop more appropriate ways of settling disputes withhis peers.If two elementary school students are engaged in a fight, use a strong loud voice tostop it. If that doesn't work, you might say something odd ("Look up! The ceiling isfalling!") to divert their attention. If they still don't stop and you can't separate them,send a student to the office to get help. If a crowd of children is gathering, insist that theymove away or sit down, perhaps clapping your hands to get their attention: After theincident is over, meet with the combatants together so they can give you their versions ofwhat happened and you can help them resolve any lingering problems. Also notify theparents.Speak in a firm, no-nonsense manner to stop a student's aggressive behavior: usephysical restraint as a last resort. When responding to the student, pay attention to yourverbal as well as non-verbal language. Even if he is yelling at you, stay calm. Allow himto express what he is upset about without interrupting him and then acknowledge hisfeelings. Avoid crossing your arms, pointing a finger or making threats: any of thoseactions could intensify his anger and stiffen his resistance.You might conclude that a student's aggressive behavior warrants separating himfrom the rest of the class, either to send him a strong message that what he did merits aserious consequence or to protect the other students. You can do that by giving him a timeout in class or by sending him to the office.Although he might expect you to react punitively, surprise him by reactingsupportively. Express your confidence that he can resolve problems without being hurtfulto his peers. Tell him that you think he must be upset about something to lose control ashe did and you want to understand what might be bothering him. If he does open up toyou, listen attentively without interrupting. Speaking m a calm voice, tell him that youunderstand why he was upset, but stress that he has to find a way to express his angerwith words rather than with his hands.You don't want to force an aggressive student to say he is sorry because that mightfuel his anger, however, you do want to strongly encourage him to make amends with thestudent he hit. If he is willing to do that, it will help soothe hurt feelings and avoid futureconflicts.75. What is the purpose of saying something odd when seeing students in a fight?A. To please the students.B. To surprise the students.C. To get the students' attention.D. To distract the students' attention.76. What is to be done about a student's aggressive behavior?A. Respond calmly but finny.B. Tell the student's parents immediately.C. Ask other students for help to stop the action.D. Have the student go to see the principal.77. What is NOT encouraged to do toward an aggressive student?A. Use physical restraint.B. Give the student a time out.C. Point at the student or make threats.D. Talk with the student privately.78. What does the word "'punitively" (in Paragraph 5) probably mean?A. Surprisingly.B. Depressingly.C. Involving persuasion.D. Involving punishment.79. What might be the last step to help all aggressive student?A. Encourage the student to be nice to the student he hit.B. Ask the student to promise he'll never do it again.C. Force the student to apologize for his behavior.D. Persuade the student to open up to you.80. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Problems in Classrooms.B. Dealing with Student Aggression.C. Aggressive Behavior in Classrooms.D. Settling a Student Fight.PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)One of the unintended consequences of the flattening world is that it puts differentsocieties and cultures in much greater direct contact with one another. It connects peopleto people much faster than people and cultures can often prepare themselves. Somecultures thrive on the sudden opportunities for collaboration that this global intimacymakes possible. Others are frustrated, and even humiliated by this close contact, which,among other things, makes it easy for people to see where they stand in the world inrelation to everyone else. All of this helps to account for the emergence of one of themost devastating forces today - the suicide bombers and other terrorist organizationswhich have no regard for human lives and which it is in our best interest to wipe out.Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)该法案旨在对美国中小学进行教育改革并使所有儿童有机会得到高质量的教育。
太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院860环境工程学历年考研真题汇编
目 录2012年太原理工大学860环境工程学考研真题（部分）2011年太原理工大学860环境工程学考研真题（部分）2010年太原理工大学860环境工程学考研真题（部分）2009年太原理工大学860环境工程学考研真题（部分）2008年太原理工大学860环境工程学考研真题（部分）2012年太原理工大学860环境工程学考研真题（部分）太原理工大学地性年攻读硕士研究生入学试顾分值；150科目代码： 860考试科目：环境工注意"所有试聪必镣答在答题就上，答曲卷上无效.水袂撕岬分:一、单项选择题（每空1分，共15分）1. B0D 表示（）A. 有机物氧化成无机物所消耗的溶解氧费B. 难降解物氧化成无机物所消耗的溶解氧景C. 由于微生物的活动，将有机物氯化成无机物所消耗的溶烤敏量2. 在有氧条件下，可生物降解有机物的降解可分为（ ）两个阶段A, 碳氧化阶段，硝化阶段B, 碳氧化阶段，反硝化阶段C, 硝化阶段，反硝化阶段3. C0D ”与B0房的差值大致等于（ ）A.能被微生物降解的有机物量 B,无机物量C.难生物降解的有机物量4. 当耗氧速率大于复觌速率时，水中。
0会（）A,姻大 B.减小C.不变5. T 。
与TOC 测定原理相同，它们有机物数童的表示方法（〉A. T0D 用含碳量表示，TOC 用消耗氧地表示B. T0D 用消耗氧量表示，TOC 用含碳量表示C. T0D 和T0C 都是用含碳量表示D. TOD 和TOC 用消耗觐量表示6. 沉砂池的作用是（）A.去除大的无机物颗粒序去除SS C.去除BOD.7. 污泥回流的作用是《）A-搅拌作用B.稀释进水亵机物浓度C.保证曝气池污泥浓度&滤池采用自然通风，受气温影响钦大，冬季时，滤池内空气流向（）A.向下 B,向上 C.静止的 *9.二沉池中含有硝酸耘且污泥停留时间长时，会发生（）异常现象A ，污泥上浮B.污泥膨胀 C.污泥薜体 D.污泥腐化JO.MLVSS 由（）组成:A.具有活性的微生物群体（Ma ）和微生物自身氧化的残留物国E&具有活性的微生物群体（Ma ）.微生物自身氧化的残留物（晚〕和吸附在活性污泥L 不能为生物降解的有机物（Mi ）31有活性的微生物赢体（Ma ）和嫁污水挟入街无机物质（Mil ）只有活性的俄生物尚体（Ma ）、微生物自身叙化的残留物（胞）和吸附在活性污况I •不能为生物降陶的有机物（MD 和原污水挟入得无机物度（Mii ）IL 污泥m 瞬比为混合液在愠起内静皆（）后所形成的沉淀污泥的容积占原混合曲容枳的百分率1 U tt in B. -iOmin C. 30rain D. 60mi n，12.当生物滤池沌我高度增拍时，有机物降舞效率（）A.上升B.下降C.不变 .共3页第】页太食理工大学2011年攻读硕士研究生入学试题书试科14：—坦*工楚学—科目代路逐一分值：img 考生注意谴标明胶号将答案做在答卷蚊上,做在试题上不计分大气污染控制工程部分（60分）-一华空盛侬。
太原理工大学2009年攻读硕士研究生复试试题
3、(本小题 10 分) 某机器中有一对轴承采用深沟球轴承，其基本额定动载荷为 31.2KN，每一轴承承受的径向载荷 Fr=4500N,轴的转速 n = 970 r min ， 工作中无冲击， 工作温度不超过 100℃， 计算这时轴承的寿命。 （10 分） 4、(本小题 10 分)
′ 如图：已知 Z1 = Z 3 = 20 ， Z 3 = Z 5 = 80 ，计算下列轮系的传动比 i15=？
太原理工大学 2009 年攻读硕士研究生复试试题
考试科目：机械设计基础 科目代码： 分值：100 分 时间：120 分钟 考生注意：请表明题号将答案坐在答卷纸上，做在试题纸上不计分
一、选择填空题（每空格 1 分，共 10 分） 选择填空题（ 1、铰链四杆机构的杆为 a=60mm,b=80mm,c=100mm,d=90mm。若以 a 为机架，则此四杆机构 （ ） 。 B．有整转副而无曲柄存在 D．有整转副且有两个曲柄 ） 。 B．理论啮合线长度大于基圆齿距 D．实际啮合线长度大于齿距 ） 。
4、在 V 带传动设计中，限制带轮最小直径是为了限制（ A．带的圆周速度 C．小带轮包角 α 5、开式齿轮传动常见的失效形式是（ A．齿面疲劳点蚀 C．齿面胶合 ） 。
B．带的弯曲应力 D．带的长度
B．齿面磨损 D．齿面塑性变形 )。 D．弹性卡环
6、采用下列哪一种方式可实现轴上零件的轴向固定( A．键联接 B．花键联接 C．成形联接 ） 。 C．转轴
A．无整转副、无曲柄存在 C．有整转副且有一个曲柄
2、一对渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮连续传动的条件是（ A．理论啮合线长度大于齿距 C．实际啮合线长度大于基圆齿距
3、螺纹的牙型角为 α ，螺纹升角为λ，当量摩擦角为 ρ v ，则螺纹副的自锁条件为（ A． α ≤ λ B． α ≤
太原理工大学入学考试题库
您的得分为：80分第1题：提供伪证，给打架事件调查处理工作造成困难者，视情节给予（）处分。
①警告②严重警告③记过④留校察看⑤开除学籍A ①②③ B ②③④⑤ C ③④⑤√B，回答正确！--------------------------------------------------------------------------------第2题：奖学金评定经学生处汇总后，按照学生获得奖学金的条件和比例进行审核，由学生处处长签字后上报（）审批。
A、校长B、党委书记C、主管校领导√C，回答正确！--------------------------------------------------------------------------------第3题：根据太原理工大学学生请销假报告制度，请假3天以上者（包括3天）需报＿备案。
A、教务处B、学院学工办C、学生处√B，回答正确！--------------------------------------------------------------------------------第4题：学生对复查后的处理决定有异议的，可在接到学生复查处理决定之日起（）个工作日内，向山西省教育厅提出书面申诉。
A 10 B 15 C 20√B，回答正确！--------------------------------------------------------------------------------第5题：未交作业超过该课程作业总量二分之一的学生，不能参加该课程的考核，应当重修。
Ｘ您的回答是：对，正确答案是：错--------------------------------------------------------------------------------第6题：同项成果活动可按最高奖学金奖励＿＿次。
（A）一（B）二（C）三√A，回答正确！--------------------------------------------------------------------------------第7题：国家助学金分为“一等”、“二等”和“三等”3个档次，资助标准分别为每人每年3000元、每人每年2000元和每人每年1000元。
太原理工大学2010年攻读硕士研究生入学试题
太原理工大学2010年攻读硕士研究生入学试题考试科目：工业设计概论科目代码：709分值：150一，名词解释(,每题5分)1、波普设计2、后现代设计3、工艺美术运动4、流线型设计二、画出下列产品的造型（每题4分）1、1923年里特维德设计的桌子2、斯塔克设计的“juicy Salif”柠檬榨汁机3、1998年苹果公司推出的IMac计算机4、甲壳虫汽车的造型5、摩托罗拉V3手机的造型（要求有折叠开的造型包括界面）。
三、简述题（每题30分）1、产品语义学的产生背景2、包豪斯对设计教育的影响。
四、论述题（50分要求1500字）根据你对作品、产品、商品、用品、废品的理解，简单阐述自己的产品设计观点。
太原理工大学2010年攻读硕士研究生入学试题考试科目：产品设计表达科目代码：880 分值：150题目：旅行水壶造型设计（150分）要求：1、设计2个方案，每个方案30分（共60分）2、选取其中一个方案画效果图（60分）3、三视图（30分）4、工具不限，表现形式不限太原理工大学2009年攻读硕士研究生入学试题考试科目：工业设计概论科目代码：709分值：150一、填空题（共40分，每空2分）1、人类设计活动的历史大体可以分为三个阶段，即：、和。
2、工业设计产生的条件是的现代化大工业和激烈的市场竞争，其设计对象是以 .3、1851年在英国的海德公园举行了世界第一次国际工业博览会，由于博览会所在的展览馆也称之为以此为契机，英国工艺美术运动的设计思想来源于，主要的代表人物是。
4、现代建筑的兴起极大地推动了现代主义的发展。
现代主义的关键因素是和。
5、是20世纪最有影响的现代建筑师—设计师之一。
他所创建的奠定了现代工业设计的教学体系。
6、以人（man）——自然（nature）——社会（society）构成的生活世界三要素为对象，可将设计分为三个领域，即、、其中工业设计的核心是。
7、的主要领域包括：、，CI设计、商标设计和。
二、名词解释：（20分，每题10分）1、工业设计（ICSID定义）2、工艺美术运动三、简答题：（30分，每题10分）1、斯堪的纳维亚设计有哪些特点2、产品设计中有哪些要素3、什么是绿色设计四、论述题：（60分）1、设计改革运动中的民主思想（15分）2、如何理解设计中形式和功能的关系？（15分）3、全设计（universial design）有哪些主要内容？原因何在？（30分）太原理工大学2009年攻读硕士研究生入学试题考试科目：产品设计表达科目代码：880 分值：150题目：多功能钟表造型设计（150分）要求：1、设计2个方案，（每个30分，共60分）2、三视图（30分）3、选取其中一个方案画效果图（50分，版式10分）4、工具不限，表现形式不限。
2000-2014年太原理工大学电路考研真题与答案解析
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2.图 1-2 所示正弦交流电路中，若已知各电流有效值相等，I=I1=I2=5V,则电路视 在功率 S 等于___。 二、图 2 所示电路中负载电阻 RL=10Ω，能否获得最大传输功率；若使其功率为 零，20V 电压源应调整为多大？（12 分）
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太原理工大学物理化学B考研真题2009年
太原理工大学2009年攻读硕士研究生入学考试试题物理化学B常数R=8.314J K -1mol -1 F=96500C ·mol -1 L=6.023×1023mol -1 P Θ=100KPa C Θ=1mol dm -3一. 填空题(30分)1、 封闭系统且W ’=0 时，热力学能随熵的变化的变化率VU S ∂⎛⎫⎪∂⎝⎭ = ,吉布斯随压力的变化率TG P ∂⎛⎫⎪∂⎝⎭ = 。
2、 若变化过程的△S=0，该过程是 。
3、 373K 时，100g 水中含有11.8gNaCl 的溶液上方蒸气压为p=94.232kpa 。
则溶液中水的活度a= 。
水的活度系数γ= （已知M(NaCl)=58.44，M(H 2O)=18，P H2O =101.325KPa ）4、 NH 4HS(S)放入抽空的瓶内发生分解，恒温下NH 4HS(S)=NH 3(g)+H 2S(S)则分解反应达到平衡时该体系的独立组分数为C= 自由度数F 为 。
5、 方程ln pd dT=m 2H RT ∆ 可适用于 。
6、 从多孔硅胶的强烈吸水性能比较，在多孔硅胶吸水过程中，自由水分子化学势μ 吸附在硅胶表面的水分子化学势μ。
7、 气相反应2H 2+2NO →N 2+2H 2O 不是基元反应，因为8、 在300K 时，鲜牛奶5h 后即变酸，但在275K 的冰箱里，可保存50h ，牛奶变酸反应的活化能E= . 9、兰格缪尔吸附等温式θ=bp1+bp中θ的物理意义是 ，常数b 的物理意义是 。
10、 瑞利（Rayleigh ）在研究散射作用后得出，对于单位体积胶体体系，散射光的强度与入射光波长的 次方成 比。
二、（15分）某气体状态方程为p （V —nB ）=nRT （其中B 为常数），nmol 气体从始态p 1，T 1，经过绝热真空膨胀终态压力为p 2，求该过程的 Q,W ，△U ，△H ，△S.三、（20分）已知A-B 二元凝聚系统相图如下：组成坐标为B 的质量分数（w B ）,L,M,N 三点的组成w B 分别为0.30,0.50,0.80. （1） 确定相图中标有数字1~6相区的稳定相态、自由度数F ：（2） 绘出试样1（w B =0.30）和试样m （w B =0.50）的步冷曲线示意图;（3） 今有w B =0.60的试样c 的质量210g ，自高温冷却到三相平衡温度t 时，当含w B =0.80的固溶体的质量为126g ，问此时系统有哪些平衡相？平衡时各相的质量是多少？ 四、（15分）反应C(石墨)+2H 2(g)=CH 4(g) zai 898K 时Δr H m Θ=-88.05 KJ mol -1，各物质的标准熵分别为C(石墨) H 2(g) CH 4(g)S m / J mol -1k -114.9 161.6 225.9（1） 试问T=898K,p=100KPa 时当y 4CH =0.1 ，y 2H =0.7 , y 2N =0.2的反应方向？ （2） 若温度和组分不变，欲使反应方向向右进行为了获得更大CH 4(g)压力应如何控制？五（15分）298K 某普通钢铁容器内盛pH=4的水溶液，问在此情况下容器是否会被腐蚀？（一般以Fe 2+浓度超过10-6mol -1dm -3时作为被腐蚀的标准）。
太原理工大学2021年攻读硕士研究生入学试题
太原理工大学2021年攻读硕士研究生入学试题太原理工大学____年攻读硕士研究生入学试题考试科目: 数字电子技术科目代码： 831 分值： 150 考生注意：请标明题号答案做在答题纸上，在试卷上不计分一、（30分）试回答如下问题：（1）试写出3位格雷码，并叙述其特点。
（2）ASCII码包含几位二进制数？（3）对于与非门来说，什么逻辑信号是禁止信号？（4）对于或门来说，什么逻辑信号是使能信号？（5）与CMOS系列数字电路比较，TTL系列的最大缺点是什么？（6）对于TTL 系列电路来说，悬空代表什么逻辑电平？（7）一个或非门输出一直保持为低电平，可能发生了什么故障？（8）试近似画出CMOS门电路输出低电平时输出电流与电压关系的曲线（横坐标为电压，纵坐标为电流）。
（9）三态门输出处于高阻状态时，对于输出端外接的电路来说，意味着什么？（10）一个电源电压为5V的两输入端CMOS与门，当输入电压A=1.2V、B=3.6V 时，其输出的逻辑电平是什么？（11）一个三态非门的控制端为低电平有效，若该控制端为低电平，其输出为什么逻辑电平？（12）试画出一个两输入端二极管与门电路。
（13）什么是数字电路的扇出系数？（14）TTL数字电路的噪声容限是多少？（15）若是用TTL系列电路驱动同电源电压的HC系列电路，可以吗？二、（10分）用卡诺图化简如下逻辑函数，要求化简成最简与或表达式。
（1）Y(A、B、C)=∑m（0，1，2，5，6，7）（2） Y（A、B、C）=∑m(0,1,2,4)+d(5,6) 三、（15分）用3-8线译码器74HC138和门电路设计1位二进制全减电路，输出为两数之差和向高位的借位信号。
（要求真值表、逻辑式和逻辑图），74HC138逻辑图如下图所示。
四、（15分）用4选1数据选择器产生如下逻辑函数，要求画出逻辑图。
Y=ABC+AC+BC五、（15分）试用JK触发器设计一个同步分频器。
要求分频比为16。
太原理工大学研究生基础英语试卷及答案07-2
07-1PART II VOCABULARY(10minutes,10points)Section A(0.5point each)21.If innovators are not financially rewarded for their innovations,the incentive forpath-breaking innovation will eventually dry up.A.investmentB.resourceC.inspirationD.stimulus22.These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despitethe appalling workingconditions.A.bewilderingB.exasperatingC.dismayingD.upsetting23.Many critics agreed that by and large,this movie was a success in terms of acting andphotography.A.all at onceB.by and byC.to some extentD.on the whole24.The country carried on nuclear tests without feeling apprehensive about theconsequences.A.optimisticB.anxiousC.uncertainD.scared25.There is the fear that babies might be genetically altered to suit the parents'wishes.A.enhancedB.revisedC.alternatedD.modified26.The American Civil War is believed to have stemmed from differences over slavery.A.arisen fromB.contributed toC.patched upD.participated in27.Experts said the amount of compensation for sick smokers would be reduced if cooler jurorsprevailed.A.resignedpromisedC.persistedD.dominated28.Hamilton hoped for a nation of cities while Jeffersoncontended that the countryshould remain chiefly agricultural.A.inclinedB.struggledC.arguedpeted29.There have been some speculations at times as to who will take over the company.A.on occasionB.at presentC.by nowD.for sure30.TWA was criticized for trying to cover up the truth rather than promptly notifyingvictims' families.A.brieflyB.quicklyC.accuratelyD.earnestlySection B(0.5point each)31.New York probably has the largest number of different language_________in the world.A.neighborhoodsmunitiesC.clustersD.assemblies32.Nuclear wastes are considered to_____a threat to human health and marine life.poseB.imposeC.exposeD.pose33.Some states in the US have set_____standards concerning math and science tests.A.energeticB.vigorousC.rigorousD.grave34.This school promised to make classes smaller and offer more individualized___________.A.presentationB.instructionC.convictionD.obligation35.Because of______ways of life,the couple has some difficulty getting along witheach other.A.incomprehensibleB.incomparableC.inconceivableD.incompatible36.As__________China and other emerging export powers,efforts to strengthenanti-corruption activities are gaining momentum.A.in the light ofB.in the event ofC.in the case ofD.in the course of37.According to an Australian research,moderate drinkers________better thinkers thanheavy drinkers or those who never drink.A.end upB.take upC.put upD.turn up38.Strangely enough,an old man______me and introduced himself,who turned out tobe a friend of my father’s.A.stood up toB.walked up toC.lived up toD.added up to39.Many children often_____why airplanes can fly like birds while we humanscannot.A.assumeB.anticipateC.assureD.wonder40.The FDA was created to_______the safety of products,review applications and grantapprovals.A.manipulateB.adjustC.regulateD.managePART III CLOZE TEST(10minutes,10points,1point each)Tall people earn considerably more money throughout their lives than their shorterco-workers,with each inch adding about US$789a year in pay,according to a new study."Height41career success,"says Timothy Judge,a University of Floridaprofessor of management,who led the study."These findings are troubling since,with afew42,such as professional basketball,no one could argue that height issomething essential required for job 43,"Judge points out.Judge analyzed results of four large-scale studies in the US and Britain that followedthousands of people from childhood to adulthood,examining details of their work andpersonal lives."If you take this44the course of a30-year career,we're talkingabout literally hundreds of thousands of dollars of earnings45that a tall personenjoys,"Judge said.Greater height boosted both subjective ratings of work performance--a supervisor's46 of how effective someone is--and47measures of performance--such assales volume. Being tall may boost self-confidence,improving performance.Otherpeople may also give higher 48and greater respect to a tall person,giving theman edge in negotiating states,he says.The commanding influence of height may be a remainder of our evolutionary49. Maybe from a time when humans lived among animals and size was50power and strength used when making"fight or run"decisions.41. A.makes out B.works in C.takes on D.matters for42.A.cases B.exceptions C.examples D.problems43.A.performance B.operation C.condition D.environment44.A.on B.with C.over D.to45. A.deficiency B.advantage C.lossD.necessity46. A.imagination B.decision C.judge D.evaluation47. A.relative B.absolute C.objective D.initiative48. A.state B.status C.situation D.statue49. A.origins B.sources C.courses anizations50.A.a time in B.a hold on C.a work at D.a sign ofPART IV READING COMPREHENSION(45minutes,30points,1point each)Passage OneAt the University of California at Los Angeles(UCLA),a student loaded his classnotes into a handheld e-mail device and tried to read them during an exam:a classmateturned him in.At the University of Nevada at Las Vegas(UNLV)students photographedtest questions with their cellphone cameras and transmitted them to classmates.Theuniversity put in place a new examination-supervision system."If they'd spend as muchtime studying,they'd all be A students," says Ron Yasbin,dean of the College ofSciences of UNLV.With a variety of electronic devices,American students find it easier to cheat.Andcollege officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse.They are trying to fightwould-be cheats in the exam season by cutting off Internet access from laptops,demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests or simply requiring that exams betaken with pens and paper."It is annoying.My hand-writing is so bad,"said Ryan Dapremont,21who justfinished his third year at PepperdineUniversity in California.He had to take his examson paper.Dapremont said technology has made cheating easier,but plagiarism(剽窃)inwriting papers was probably the biggest problem.Students can lift other people's writingsoff the Internet without attributing them.Still,some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of themindset,not the tools at hand."Some people put too much emphasis on where they'regoing to go in the future,and all they're thinking about is graduate school and the nextstep,"said Lindsay Nicholas,a third-year student at UCLA.She added that pressure tosucceed"sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn'tdo."Some professors said they tried to write exams for which it was hard to cheat,posing questions that outside resources would not help answer.Many officials said thatthey rely on campus honor codes.They said the most important thing was to teachstudents not to cheat in the first place.51.One student at UCLA was found cheating________________.A.when he was loading his class notes into a handheld e-mail deviceB.when he was trying to tell the answers to his classmatesC.after the university put in place a new examination-supervision systemD.after his classmate reported his cheating to the authority52.According to Ron Yasbin,all the cheating students_____________.A.should be severely punished for their dishonestyB.didn't have much time to study before the examC.could get the highest grades if they had studied hard enoughD.could be excused because they were not familiar with the new system53.To win the new game of cat and mouse in examinations,the college officials have to______________.e many high-tech devicesB.cut off Internet access on campusC.turn to the oral exanimation formsD.cut off the use of high-tech devices54.According to Ryan Dapremont,______________.A.examinations taken with pens and paper were useless in fighting cheatingB.his examination paper was under-graded because of his bad hand-writingC.cheating was more serious in writing papers than in examinationsD.it was more difficult for him to lift other people's writings off the Internet55.Which of the following is probably the most Significant measure to fight cheating?A.Putting less emphasis on where the students are going to go in the future.B.Letting students know that honesty is more important.C.Writing examinations for which it is hard to cheat.D.Setting up more strict campus honor codes.56.The best title of the passage might be_____________.A.Cheating Has Gone High-techB.Game of Cat and MouseC.A New Examination-supervision SystemD.Measures to Fight Against DishonestyPassage TwoTop marathon runners tend to be lean and light,star swimmers are long thighs withhuge feet and gold medal weightlifters are solid blocks of muscle with short arms andlegs.So,does your physical shape--and the way your body works--fit you for aparticular sport?Or does your body develop a certain way because of your chosen sport?"It's about55:45,genes to the environment,"says Mike Rennie,professor of clinicalphysiology at Britain's University of Nottingham Medical School.Rennie cites the caseof identical twins from Germany,one of whom was a long-distance athlete,the other apowerful sportsman,so,"They look quite different,despite being identical twins."Someone who's1.5-meters tall has little chance of becoming an elite basketballplayer.Still, being over two meters tall won't automatically push you to Olympic gold."Unless you have tactical sense where needed,unless you have access to good equipment,medical care and the psychological conditions,and unless you are able to drive yourself through pain,all the physical strength will be in vain,"said Craig Sharp,professor ofsports science at Britain's Brunel University.Jonathan Robinson,an applied sports scientist at the University of Bath's sportsdevelopment department,in southwest England,points to the importance of technique."In swimming only5-10per cent of the propelling force comes from the legs,sotechnique is vital."Having the right physique for the right sport is a good starting point.Seventeenyears ago, the Australian Institute of Sport started a national Talent Search Program,which searched schools for14-16-year-olds with the potential to be elite athletes.One oftheir first finds was Megan Still, world champion rower.In1987,Still had never pickedup an oar in her life.But she had almost the perfect physique for a rower.After intensivetraining,she won gold in women's rowing in the1996 Atlanta Olympics.Other countries have followed the Australian example.Now the explosion of geneticknowledge has meant that there is now a search,not just for appropriate physique but alsofor"performance genes."57.It can be concluded from the passage that__________.A.physical strength is more important for sportspersons'successB.training conditions are more important for sportspersons'successC.genes are more important for sportspersons'successD.psychological conditions are more important for sportspersons'success58.The case of identical twins from Germany shows that_________.A.environment can help determine people's body shapeB.genes are the decisive factors for people's body shapeC.identical twins are likely to enjoy different sportsD.identical twins may have different genes for different sports59.Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Craig Sharp as a required quality for asportsperson to win an Olympic gold medal?A.The physical strength.B.The right training conditions.C.The talent for the sports.D.The endurance for pains.60.Seventeen years ago Megan Still was chosen for rowing because____________.A.she had the talent for rowingB.her body shape was right for a rowerC.she had the performance genesD.she was a skillful rower61.The word"elite"in Paragraph5means________.A.the most wealthyB.the most skilledC.the most industriousD.the most intelligent62.The elite athletes of the future may come from people who naturally possess___________.A.the best body shapes and an iron purposeB.the extremes of the right physique and strong willsC.the right psychological conditions and sports talentsD.the right physique and genes for sportsPassage ThreeFor years,a network of citizens'groups and scientific bodies has been claiming thatscience of global warming is inconclusive.But who funded them?Exxon's involvement is well known.ExxonMobil is the world's most profitablecorporation. It makes most of its money from oil,and has more to lose than any othercompany from efforts to tackle climate change.To safeguard its profits,ExxonMobilneeds to sow doubt about whether serious action needs to be taken on climate change.But there are difficulties:it must confront a scientific consensus as strong as that whichmaintains that smoking causes lung cancer or that HIV causes Aids.So what's itsstrategy?The website ,using data found in the company's official documents,lists 124organizations that have taken money from the company or work closely withthose that have. These organizations take a consistent line on climate change:that thescience is contradictory,the scientists are split,environmentalists are liars or lunatics,andif governments took action to prevent global warming,they would be endangering theglobal economy for no good reason.The findings these organizations dislike are labeled"junk science".The findings they welcome are labeled"sound science".This is not to claim that all the science these groups champion is bogus.On thewhole,they use selection,not invention.They will find one contradictory study-such asthe discovery of tropospheric(对流层的)cooling-and promote it relentlessly.They willcontinue to do so long after it has been disproved by further work.So,for example,JohnChristy,the author of the troposphere paper,admitted in August2005that his figureswere incorrect,yet his initial findings are still being circulated and championed by manyof these groups,as a quick internet search will show you.While they have been most effective in the United States,the impacts of theclimate-change deniers sponsored by Exxon have been felt all over the world.Bydominating the media debate on climate change during seven or eight critical years inwhich urgent international talks should have been taking place,by constantly seedingdoubt about the science just as it should have been most persuasive,they have justifiedthe money their sponsors have spent on them many times over. 63.Which of the following has NOT been done by the organizations to establish theirposition on climate change'?A.Damaging the reputation of environmentalists.B.Emphasizing the lack of consensus among scientists.C.Stressing the unnecessary harm to tile global economy.D.Protecting the scientific discoveries from being misused.64.Which of the following is closest in meaning to"bogus'(in Paragraph4)?A.Reasonable.B.Fake.C.Limitless.D.Inconsistent.65.John Christy is mentioned to show_______________.A.how closely these organizations work with scientistsB.how these organizations select scientific findings for theirownpurposeC.how important correct data are for scientists to make sound discoveriesD.how one man's mistake may set back the progress of science66.The organizations sponsored by Exxon___________.A.have lived up to their promisesB.have almost caused worldwide chaosC.have failed to achieve their original goalD.have misunderstood the request of the sponsor67.The passage is mainly focused on____________.A.Exxon's involvement in scientific scandalsB.Exxon's contributions to the issue of climate changeC.Exxon's role in delaying solutions to global warmingD.Exxon's efforts to promote more scientific discoveries68.What is the author's tone in presenting the passage?A.Factual.B.Praiseful.C.Biased.D.Encouraging.Passage FourWhere anyone reaching the age of60was considered to be near death's door at theturn of the20th century,it is barely old enough for retirement at the turn of the21stcentury.And scientists are still not holding back.They say that as new anti-ageingtreatments become available, our species will get even older.While few would argue thatliving longer is an attractive idea,therapid increase in the number of years begs aquestion:Can our health expectancy be as close as possible to our life expectancy?Predictions for future health expectancy have changed over the past few decades.Inthe 1980s,life expectancy was increasing but the best data suggested that for everyincreased year of life expectancy,a greater fraction was disabled life expectancy.Whatwe would see was a piling up of chronic illness and related disability which medicalscience couldn't prevent.But that world view changed suddenly in the early1990s with the publication of astudy by researchers at DukeUniversity,who had been following the health of20,000people for almost a decade.They showed that disability among the elderly was not onlydropping,but it was doing so at an ever-increasing rate.Arian Richardson,director of the Barshop Institute for Ageing and Longevityresearch, predicts that understanding the mechanisms behind calorie restriction and othergenetic reasons behind ageing could be used within the next two decades to give peopleseveral extra healthy years of life.Restrict how much an animal eats,for example,and itwill live longer.In lab experiments, rats on calorie-restricted diets were found to bephysiologically younger,got diseases later in life and,at any rate,had less severe cases."From the models that have been looked at,the increase in lifespan is usually in the rangeof15-30%maximum,"says Richardson.Cutting calories is thought to trigger a switch inan animal's behaviour from normal to a state of stasis in which growth and ageing aretemporarily put on hold.When food becomes available again,the animal's behaviourswitches back.Richardson says that thinking about stopping ageing is a"little bit silly"at themoment but doesn't dismiss it altogether,arguing that none of the illnesses related toageing should be inevitable.Start with a high-quality body(and that means eating yourgreens,not smoking and doing lots of exercise in your younger days)and you can keep itgoing for longer with high quality maintenance. "It'll be like the difference between aRolls-Royce and a cheap car."69.It can be seen from the first paragraph that people have doubts on whether_____________.A.is possible to live a longer healthyandlifeB.humans can live as long as scientists predictC.living longer is still considered a good ideaD.new anti-ageing treatments are safe for humans70.In the1980s,the data on people's health expectancy_______________.A.gave an optimistic predictionB.showed an unclear futureC.led to a pessimistic perceptionD.turned out to be a mixed blessing71.In the lab experiment on rats,_____________.A.food restriction is not the only factor proved to have workedB.responses to food restriction vary from animal to animalC.the animals'lifespan increases with the amount of food eatenD.different amounts of food cause a change in the animals'behavior72.Richardson believes that_________.A.it is impossible for humans to stop ageingB.it is worthless to talk about stopping ageingC.stopping ageing is a dream that may come trueD.illness is the biggest obstacle to stopping ageing73.Rolls-Royce is used to convey the idea that_______________.A.quality life is out of reach for most peopleB.quality life can slow down the process of agingC.how long one can live depends on the genes one carriesD.the more money one invests in health,the healthier one will be.74.The most suitable title for the passage is“___________”.A.Problems of An Ageing SocietyB.Health Care for the ElderlyC.Eating Healthier,Living LongerD.The Future of Old AgePassage FiveIn dealing with a student who is acting aggressively toward his classmates,you wantto send a strong message that aggressive behavior will not be tolerated in your classroom.In addition, you want to help him develop more appropriate ways of settling disputes withhis peers.If two elementary school students are engaged in a fight,use a strong loud voice tostop it. If that doesn't work,you might say something odd("Look up!The ceiling isfalling!")to divert their attention.If they still don't stop and you can't separate them,send a student to the office to get help.If a crowd of children is gathering,insist that theymove away or sit down,perhaps clapping your hands to get their attention:After theincident is over,meet with the combatants together so they can give you their versions ofwhat happened and you can help them resolve any lingering problems.Also notify theparents.Speak in a firm,no-nonsense manner to stop a student's aggressive behavior:usephysical restraint as a last resort.When responding to the student,pay attention to yourverbal as well as non-verbal language.Even if he is yelling at you,stay calm.Allow himto express what he is upset about without interrupting him and then acknowledge hisfeelings.Avoid crossing your arms, pointing a finger or making threats:any of thoseactions could intensify his anger and stiffen his resistance.You might conclude that a student's aggressive behavior warrants separating himfrom the rest of the class,either to send him a strong message that what he did merits aserious consequence or to protect the other students.You can do that by giving him a timeout in class or by sending him to the office.Although he might expect you to react punitively,surprise him by reactingsupportively. Express your confidence that he can resolve problems without being hurtfulto his peers.Tell him that you think he must be upset about something to lose control ashe did and you want to understand what might be bothering him.If he does open up toyou,listen attentively without interrupting.Speaking m a calm voice,tell him that youunderstand why he was upset,but stress that he has to find a way to express his angerwith words rather than with his hands.You don't want to force an aggressive student to say he is sorry because that mightfuel his anger,however,you do want to strongly encourage him to make amends with thestudent he hit.If he is willing to do that,it will help soothe hurt feelings and avoid futureconflicts.75.What is the purpose of saying something odd when seeing students in a fight?A.To please the students.B.To surprise the students.C.To get the students'attention.D.To distract the students'attention.76.What is to be done about a student's aggressive behavior?A.Respond calmly but finny.B.Tell the student's parents immediately.C.Ask other students for help to stop the action.D.Have the student go to see the principal.77.What is NOT encouraged to do toward an aggressive student?e physical restraint.B.Give the student a time out.C.Point at the student or make threats.D.Talk with the student privately.78.What does the word"'punitively"(in Paragraph5)probably mean?A.Surprisingly.B.Depressingly.C.Involving persuasion.D.Involving punishment.79.What might be the last step to help all aggressive student?A.Encourage the student to be nice to the student he hit.B.Ask the student to promise he'll never do it again.C.Force the student to apologize for his behavior.D.Persuade the student to open up to you.80.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A.Problems in Classrooms.B.Dealing with Student Aggression.C.Aggressive Behavior in Classrooms.D.Settling a Student Fight.PART V TRANSLATION(30minutes,20points)Section A(15minutes,10points)One of the unintended consequences of the flattening world is that it puts differentsocieties and cultures in much greater direct contact with one another.It connects peopleto people much faster than people and cultures can often prepare themselves.Somecultures thrive on the sudden opportunities for collaboration that this global intimacymakes possible.Others are frustrated,and even humiliated by this close contact,which,among other things,makes it easy for people to see where they stand in the world inrelation to everyone else.All of this helps to account for the emergence of one of themost devastating forces today-the suicide bombers and other terrorist organizationswhich have no regard for human lives and which it is in our best interest to wipe out. Section B(15minutes,10points)该法案旨在对美国中小学进行教育改革并使所有儿童有机会得到高质量的教育。
太原理工大学研究生入学方程复试题
cΦ(t) 是方程组的解，其中 c 为任意的列向量 Φ(t)c 是方程组的解，其中 c 为任意的行向量
Φ(t) = Ψ(t)C ，其中 C 为任意的矩阵
Φ(t) = Ψ(t)C ，其中 C 为任意的非奇异矩阵
10. 动力系统 A. C.
dx = v(x) 的解 ϕ(t, x0 ) = ϕt (x0 ) 满足 dt
(密封线外不要写姓名、学号、班级、密封线内不准答题，违者按零分计)
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太原理工大学2003年研究生化工原理A
太原理工大学2003年攻读硕士学位研究生入学试题考试科目： 化工原理A 试题编号： 826 考生注意：请标明题号将答案做在答卷纸上，做在试题上不计分 一、填空题1.牛顿粘性定律的表达式为______。
傅里叶定律的表达式为______。
费克定律的表达式为______。
2.若总流量不变，在层流区，规格相同的两根直管串联时的降压为并联时的______倍；在完全湍流区，则变为______倍。
3、孔板流量计和转子流量计的主要区别在于：前者恒______，变______。
4.离心泵的流量调节阀应安装在离心泵的出口管路上，开大调节阀后，泵入口真空表的读数______（增大、减小）。
泵的扬程______，轴功率将______，离心泵的安装高度超过所允许的安装高度时，离心泵会发生______现象。
灌泵是为了防止______现象。
5. 沉降操作是指在某种力场中利用分散相和连续相之间的______差异，使之发生相对运动而实现分离的操作过程。
沉降过程有______沉降和______沉降两种方式。
6.用板框式过滤机进行恒压过滤（介质阻力忽略不计），过滤min20，得到滤液38m .（1）若继续过滤min 20，可再得到滤液______，（2）当操作压力增大1倍时，同样从头过滤min 20，可得到滤液______7.厚度不同的三种材料构成三层平壁，各层接触良好，已知厚度1b >2b >3b .导热系数321λλλ<<。
稳定传热时，各层的热阻1R ______2R ______3R ，各层导热速率1Q ______2Q ______3Q8.在对流传热关联式中，Pr 准数的意义为______，其表达式=Pr ______，Nu 准数的意义为______。
在无相变的对流传热过程中，热阻主要集中在______，减少热阻的最有效措施为______。
9.精馏的原理是依据组分间______的差异进行分离，实现其操作的途径为进行______和______。
太原理工2011年化工原理真题
太原理工大学2011年攻读硕士研究生入学试题考试科目:化工原理A科目代码：826分值：150考生注意：请标明题号将答案做在答卷上，做在试题上不计分一．(20分）选择填空题（每小题只选一个答案）1.一常压连续精馏塔中分离两组分理想溶液，如精馏段操作线方程为：y=0.75x=0.20,则塔顶产品组成为____________.(A)0.2(B)0.75(C)0.8(D)0.252.离心泵在启动前必须充满液体是为了防止发生___________.(A)气缚现象（B)汽蚀现象（C)气化现象（D)气浮现象3.表示对流传热强度的无因次准数为____________.(A)雷诺准数(Re)（B)努赛尔准数(Nu)(C)普兰特准数（Pr)(D)格拉斯霍夫准数（Gr)4.在连续逆流操作的填料吸收塔内，用清水吸收混合气体中的溶质A。
已知填料层高度为7.67m，在操作条件下气相传质单元数为5.11，则气相总传质单元高度为___________.(A)1.5(B)39.2(C)0.67(D)3.925.对于均相物系，必须造成一个两相物系才能将均相化合物分离，____________操作是采用改变状态参数的方法使混合物系内部产生出第二个物相。
(A)蒸馏（B)吸收（C)萃取（D)蒸发6.实验室用水吸收空气中的氨，基本上属于___________.(A)液膜控制(B)气膜控制（C)两相扩散控制(D)不确定7.气相中物质的扩散系数随压强升高而___________.(A)不变（B)增大（C）降低（D)先降低后增大8.精馏操作时，若F，D,x F,,q,R,加料版位置都不变，而将塔顶泡点回流改为冷回流，则塔顶产品组成x变化为_____________.D(A)变大（B)变小（C)不变（D）不确定9.一般而言，一组分通过另一组分的单相扩散体现在________操作中。
(A)吸收(B)精馏（C）萃取（D）干燥10.水在管道做湍流流动，若使流速提高到原来的2倍，则其对流传热系数约为原来的___________倍(A)0.5（B）2（C)4(D)1.7411.吸收单元操作分离均相物系是通过液相和气相之间的________传递过程来实现的。
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一，填空题1.十进制，二进制，十六进制，带小数，之间的转换（整数：除基倒序取余，小数：乘基正序去整）2009 1（1）2010 2（1）2011 2（2）2012 1（1）2013 2（1）2.微型计算机系统的三总线通常是指数据总线，地址总线，控制总线2009 1（2）2010 2（4）2012 1 （3）2013 2（4）3.微处理器由算术逻辑部件，寄存器，控制部件和片内总线等组成。
2011 2（4）4.8086的I/O数据传送指令直接寻址和寄存器间接寻址两种寻址方式2009 1（3）5.8086的I/O数据传送指令格式有IN AL/AX/EAX,i8/DX OUT i8/DX,AL/AX/EAX两种2010 1（5）6.8086的I/O数据传送指令只能在累加和数据寄存器与I/O端口之间记性数据传送2011 2（5）7.8086的I/O数据传送指令：IN/AL,80H表示从地址为80H的I/O端口读一个字节数据到AL2012 1 （6）8.指令“IN AX,50H”和指令“OUT 44H,AL”属累加器与I/O端口之间的输入指令，后者实现的功能是：将AL中的字节数据送到地址为44H的I/O端口2013 2（5）9.8086CPU的指令队列为6个字节。
在8086的CPU中，一个最基本的总线周期内由4个时钟周期组成2009 1（4）2010 2（7）（8）2012 1（7）2013 1（6）10.8088的指令队列为4个字节。
8086/8088时钟周期是CPU的基本时间计量单位，它由计算机主频决定2010 2（7）（8）11.8086的主频为10MHZ，则一个时钟周期为100ns秒2013 1（6）12.8086CPU的四个段寄存器依次为代码段(CS)，数据段(DS)，堆栈段(SS)，附加段(ES) 2009 1（5）2013 1（7）13.8086CPU的四个专用寄存器依次为基地址指针寄存器(BP)，堆栈指针寄存器(SP)，源变址寄存器(SI)，目的变址寄存器(DI)2010 2（6）14.8086的SI和DI分别成为源变址寄存器和目的变址寄存器2011 2（7）15.8086CPU的四个段寄存器中，其中CS和ES分别叫代码段和附加段寄存器2012 1（8）16.并行接口8255A内含有3个8位I/O端口，其中PA 口有3种工作方式2009 1（6）2011 2（10）2012 1（10）17. 8255A内包含有3个8位I/O端口，其中端口A与端口C的高4位构成A组控制部件2013 2（10）18.一片8253芯片将占用4个I/O端口地址，其内含有3个独立的计数器/定时器，每个计数器/定时器均为16位2009 1（7）2010 2（11）2011 2（11）2012 1（11）19.8086/8088系统可管理的中断源（硬件及软件中断）的个数最多为256个2009 1（8）2010 2（9）2012 1（12）20.8086/8088的硬件中断是指可屏蔽和不可屏蔽中断2011 2（9）2013 2（9）、21.4片16Kx8位的存储器芯片能组成64Kx8位的存储器2009 1（9）22.当用16Kx1位的芯片组成64Kx8位的存储器，共需要32片，16Kx1的存储器芯片2010 2（3）2012 1（3）23.在存储器芯片的扩展中，如果按位数和字数同时扩展，则用16Kx1位的芯片要组成128Kx8位的存储器，共需要64片16Kx1位的存储器芯片2011 2（3）24.8086CPU是应用较为广泛的16位微处理器之一2011 2（2）25.8086/8088CPU是Intel公司退出应用较为广泛的16位微处理器，其中8088是8位数据总线2011 2（1）2013 2（2）26.指令1)MOV AL,BX;2)INC [BX];3)MOV 5,AL;其中书写不正确的是1，3正确的是2（填序号）2011 2（6）27.DAC0832是8位双缓冲数模转换器2011 2（12）28.在8086CPU包含20条地址线，所以可以直接寻址1M字节的存储空间，每个存储单元的地址号均为20位2011 2（8）29.8086的地址加法器用来产生20位地址，可寻址1M字节的内存空间2013 2（8）30.8086CPU可访问的内存空间为00000H~FFFFFH（用十六进制数表示）2012 1（2）31.微型计算机的主存容量是指为计算机系统所配置的主存总字节数，它是衡量存储器存储信息的能力的一个重要指标2012 1（4）32.设计算机字长为8位，则二进制数值（-0101100）2的补码110101002012 1（8）33.在采用分段结构的存储器中，任何一个逻辑地址是由段基址和偏移地址两部分构成2013 2（3）34.8259A芯片只能管理8级中断，如果中断源较多，超出某一片的管理范围，应将级联使用2013 2（11）二，计算题2009年(1)（98）10－（19）1098D=0110 0010B（原码，反码，补码）0110 001019D=0001 0011B（原码，反码，补码）－0001 001179D=0100 1111B（原码，反码，补码）0100 1111(2) （-57）10－（-14）10-57D 原码0011 1001 -14D 原码0000 1110 1100 0111 1101 0101为补码反码1100 0110 反码1111 0001 －1111 0010 1101 0100为反码补码1100 0111 补码1111 0010 1101 0101 00101011为原码=-43D 2010年（1）（87）10+（-23）1087D=0101 0111B（原码，反码，补码）0101 0111-23D 原码0001 0111 + 1110 1001反码1110 1000 0100 0000补码1110 1001 0100 0000B=64D（原码，反码，补码）（2）（-56）10-（-17）10-56D 原码0011 1000 -17D 原码0001 0001 1100 1000 1101 1001为补码反码1100 0111 反码1110 1110 －1110 11111 1101 1000为反码补码1100 1000 补码1110 1111 1101 1001 0010 0111为原码=-39D 2011年X1=+101 0101，X2=-101 1111原码0101 0101 原码0101 1111 0101 0101 1111 0110为补码反码0101 0101 反码1010 0000 +1010 0001 1111 0101为反码补码0101 0101 补码1010 0001 1111 0110 0000 1010为原码=-10D 2012年X1=+96 X2=-19原码0110 0000 原码0001 0011 0110 0000反码0110 0000 反码1110 1100 +1110 1101补码0110 0000 补码1110 1101 0100 11010100 1101B=77D（原码，反码，补码）2013（-66）2－（-28）2-66D 原码0100 0010 -28D 原码0001 1100 1011 1110 1101 1010为补码反码1011 1101 反码1110 0011 －1110 0100 1101 1001为反码补码1011 1110 补码1110 0100 1101 1010 0010 0110为原码=-38D 三，简答题1.ROM和RAM各有何特点和用处，RAM有几种什么类型？ROM：在正常的工作状态下，只能读出其中的数据，但数据可以长期保存，掉电后不会丢失，属于非易失性存储器件。
芯片集成度较高，但速度比DRAM还要慢，一般用来保存固定的程序或数据。
RAM：既可以读也可以写如数据，数据在掉电后会丢失。
三种类型：SARM（静态RAM）DRAM（动态RAM）NVRAM（非易失RAM）。
2009 3（1）2013 3（4）2.试画出微型计算机的组成框图，并标出个部分的名称。
控制器，运算器，存储器，输入输出设备。
2009 3（2）2010 3（1）2012 3（1）2013 3（1）3.简述微型计算机的软件部分有哪儿些？（非标准）系统软件，操作系统，程序设计语言，数据库管理系统，联网和网络管理软件应用软件，办公软件，工具软件，信息管理软件，辅助设计软件，实施控制软件2011 3（1）4.假定一个存储器有2048个存储单元，其首地址为0，则末地址为多少？除地线共用外，共需要几根地址线才能选用2048个地址？如用19根地址线可选出多少个地址？末地址：7FFH 共需要11根地址线19跟地址线可选出2^19个地址2009 3（3）5.假定一个存储器有1024个存储单元，其首地址为0，则末地址为多少？除地线共用外，共需要几根地址线才能选出1024个地址？如有20根地址线可以选出多少个地址？末地址：3FFH 共需要10根地址线20根地址线可选出2^20个地址2010 3（4）6.8086CPU最基本的操作是什么？（8086/8088CPU的主要操作功能有哪儿些？）1)系统的复位和启动操作2)总线操作3)中断操作4)最小工作模式写的总线请求5)最大工作模式下的读/写操作2009 3（4）2010 3（3）2011 3（3）2013 3（3）7.8086CPU的两种工作方式“最小方式”和“最大方式”如何设置？两种工作方式的主要区别是什么？8086管脚信号定义MN/MX引脚当接高电平时，CPU工作在最小方式下，系统只有一个8086微处理器，所有的总线控制信号都是8086产生；当接低电平时，CPU工作在最大方式下，总有两个或多个微处理器，其中一个主处理器就是8086，其他的处理器为协处理器，协助8086工作。
2009 3（5）2010 3（5）2011 3（5）6.什么是中断向量？若中断类型为23（17，21），它的终端服务程序入口地址是多少？中断向量：是中断处理子程序的入口地址，每个中断类型对应一个中断向量23x4=92=5CH 17x4=68=44H 21x4=84=54H2009 3（6）2010 3（6）2011 3（4）2013 3（5）7.微型计算机的输入/输出控制方式有哪儿几种？什么是中断控制方式？程序控制中断控制DMA控制专用I/O处理机中断方式：当外部设备需要与CPU进行数据交换时，由接口部件的CPU发出一个中断请求信号，CPU响应这一中断请求，便可在中断服务程序中完成一个字节或一个字的信息交换。