串并联混合馈电阵列天线

题目：串并联混合馈电

阵列天线

摘要

本设计主要是研究阵列天线的各种馈电方法，并对他们进行比较、重点研究串联并联混合馈电方法。在本设计中，通过比较串联、并联和串并联馈电方法后，使用串并联混合的馈电技术制作了中心频率为3GHz的简单、低成本和高增益微带阵列天线。天线的优化设计参数的选择实现紧凑的尺寸以及可能的最好的高辐射效率、高增益等特点。在进行串并联混合馈电阵列天线设计之前，着重分析设计该天线所需要的知识，包括T 型二等分功分器和微波电路的不连续性问题。这些知识对阵列天线的设计显得颇为重要，它们能显著改善天线的匹配效果，并将在所设计的天线中得到应用。经过一番比较和论证之后，设计了两种基于串并联混合馈电技术的阵列天线。所设计的天线阵列为6x1和4x2。最佳馈电系统参数是由一系列天线仿真决定。仿真是通过使用HFSS天线仿真软件完成，它是商业的、精确的天线模拟器。本设计基于简单和低成本需要，使用介电常数εr= 4.4和高度h =1.6mm的FR4介质基板，设计天线的S11达到了-30dB。这些天线仿真的增益是约9dB和10dB，旁瓣的增益保持低于主瓣。由于这这些天线的谐振频率在3GHz，这些天线是适合在S波段的应用，如卫星通信、雷达、医疗应用和其他无线系统。

关键词：微带天线；阵列天线；串联馈电阵列；并联馈电阵列；串并联馈电阵列

Abstract

This design is mainly to study a variety of feeding method of array antenna, and compare them, focusing on hybrid parallel series feed method.In this design, by comparing the series, parallel and series-parallel feed method, we use a series-parallel hybrid feed technology to producetwo simple, low-cost and high gain microstrip array antenna which center frequency is 3G.Theoptimumdesign parameters of the antenna are selected to achieve the compact dimensions as well as the best possible characteristics such as high radiation efficiency, high gain, etc.Before the series and parallel mixed feed antenna array designing, we will focus toanalyze the knowledge needed in the design of the antenna, including T-bisection splitters and microwave circuit discontinuities.Theseknowledgelooks fairly important to the design of the array antenna, they can significantly improve the matching of the antenna , and has been applied in the design of antennas.After some comparison and verification, I design two array antennaswhich used the series-parallel hybrid feed technology.The designed antennas are 6x1and 4x2 arrays.Theoptimum feeding system is decided based on the various antenna parameters that are simulated.The simulation has been performed by using HFSS soft simulator which is a Commercialand precise antenna simulator.The design This design in order to achieve simplicity and low cost, using FR4 dielectric substrate which the dielectric constant er = 4.4 and height h = 1.6mm.the S11 of design antenna reaches -30dB.The gain of these simulated antennas is found about 9dB and 10dB，the side lobe label is maintained lower than main lobe.Since, the resonance frequency of these antennas is around 3GHz , these antennas are suitable for S band applications such as satellite communication, radar, medical applications, and other wireless systems. Keywords:microstrip antenna; array antenna; series feed array; parallel feed array; series-parallel-fed array.

目录

引言 (1)

1 微带天线的介绍 (2)

1.1 微带天线的概述和分类 (2)

1.2 微带天线的优缺点 (2)

2 矩形微带天线的理论 (4)

2.1 矩形微带天线的馈电分析 (4)

2.2 用传输线模型分析法分析矩形微带天线的辐射原理 (4)

2.2.1辐射场及方向函数 (5)

2.2.2辐射电阻 (5)

2.2.3输入导纳 (5)

2.3 用腔模理论分析矩形微带天线 (6)

2.3.1等效电和磁流密度 (7)

2.4 微带阵列天线理论 (9)

3 软件介绍 (10)

3.1 HFSS天线仿真软件 (10)

3.2 DXP 画图软件 (10)

4 微带阵列天线馈电系统 (11)

4.1 微带T型功分器 (11)

4.2 馈电传输线的不连续性分析 (11)

4.2.1微波传输线不连续性概述和影响 (11)

4.2.2微带线不连续性分析和补偿 (12)

4.3 微带阵列馈电网络 (13)

4.3.1微带串联馈电网络 (13)

4.3.2微带并联馈电网络 (15)

4.3.3微带串并联混合馈电网络 (15)

4.3.4比较三种不同的馈电方式 (16)

5 串并联混合馈电阵列的设计和仿真 (17)

5.1 矩形贴片微带天线的设计 (17)

5.1.1矩形贴片微带天线设计公式 (17)

5.1.2 3GHz矩形贴片微带天线参数的确定 (17)