2800中板轧机设计
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摘
要
轧机是用于轧制钢板的设备。轧机由工作机座和传动装置组成，工作机座主要包 括轧机机架、辊系、平衡系统和轧辊调整装置。传动装置则由大型电动机和减速机组 成，由于电动机制作技术的发展，现代轧机通常由电动机直接拖动。轧辊的调整装置 是轧机的重要机构，其主要作用是：调整轧辊在机架中的相对位置，以保证要求的压 下量、精确的轧件尺寸和正常的轧制条件。轧辊的调整装置有轴向调整装置和径向调 整装置两种，其设计的好坏直接关系到产品的质量和轧机的作业率。轧辊的径向调整 是由压下装置与平衡装置共同完成的，调整两工作辊轴线之间的距离，以保证正确的 辊缝大小，确保压下量；调整两工作辊的平行度；调整轧制线的高度；更换轧辊或处 理事故时需要的其他操作。本文对轧机机械压下装置的总体、关键零部件和电气控制 系统进行了设计。 关键词：轧机，压下量，压下装置
1.1 引言 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 概述 ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.1 轧制的基本概念及原理 ............................................................................. 2 1.2.2 轧机的类型 ................................................................................................. 3 1.2.3 轧机的组成 ................................................................................................. 3 1.2.4 简单轧制过程及其主要参数 ..................................................................... 4 1.2.5 轧机布置形式 ............................................................................................. 5 1.2.6 轧制技术的现状 ......................................................................................... 6 1.2.7 中厚板轧机及其发展趋势 ......................................................................... 7 2 轧制过程特点的分析及技术参数和总体方案的确定 ................................................... 8 2.1 轧制生产工艺流程 ................................................................................................ 8 2.1.1 热轧中厚板生产工艺流程 ......................................................................... 8 2.1.2 带钢热连轧生产工艺流程和设备概况 ..................................................... 9 2.2 主要技术参数的确定 .......................................................................................... 12 2.3 总体设计方案的确定 .......................................................................................... 14 2.3.1 基本形式的选择 ....................................................................................... 14 2.3.2 轧制力能参数的确定 ................................................................................ 14 2.3.3 驱动系统的选择 ....................................................................................... 14 3 机械部分设计计算 ......................................................................................................... 15 3.1 原始数据 ............................................................................................................... 15 3.2 轧辊主参数的确定 ............................................................................................... 16 3.2.1、辊身长度的确定 ..................................................................................... 16 3.2.2、工作辊直径的确定 ................................................................................. 16 3.3 轧制力的计算 .................................................................................................. 18 3.3.1 计算变形阻力 ......................................................................................... 18 3.3.2 计算平均轧制力和总轧制力 ................................................................. 19 3.4 轧制力矩和轧辊驱动力矩计算 ........................................................................ 21 3.4.1 轧制力矩 ................................................................................................. 21 3.4.2 工作辊传动支承辊的力矩 ..................................................................... 22 3.4.3 计算轧辊摩擦力矩 ................................................................................. 23 3.4.4 轧辊驱动力矩 ......................................................................................... 23 3.5 机械零部件设计计算与校核 ............................................................................ 24 3.5.1 轧辊的平衡验算 ....................................................................................... 24 3.5.2 压下螺丝的最小直径计算 ..................................................................... 25 3.5.3 压下螺母高度和直径设计计算 ............................................................. 26 3.6 驱动系统设计计算 ............................................................................................ 28 3.6.1 轧辊调整装置的类型 ................................................................................ 28 3.6.2 快速压下装置 ............................................................................................ 28 3.6.3 压下电机功率计算 ................................................................................... 29 3.6.4 蜗轮蜗杆减速机设计计算 ....................................................................... 31 4 轧机压下装置的润滑、维护 .......................................................................................... 33 结论 ..................................................................................................................................... 34 致 谢 ................................................................................................................................. 35 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 36
目录
摘 要 ................................................................................................................................... 1 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1 绪论 ................................................................................................................................... 1
ABSTRACT
Rolling mill is a kind of equipment used to roll armor plate. The rolling mill is made
up of rolling stand and transmission device, the rolling stand includes frame, rollers, balancing system and the roller adjusting device. The transmission device is composed of good-sized electromotor and moderator, due to the development of electromotor manufacturing technology, modern rolling mill is usually dragged by electromotor directly. The roller adjusting device is an important part of rolling mill, whose main function is to adjust roller ’s relative position in frame to insure the demanding depressive space, dimension of workpiece and natural rolling condition. The roller adjusting device include axial adjusting device and radial adjusting device, the designing quality has great relationship with the product’s quality and rolling mill’s efficiency. The radial adjusting is fulfilled through pressing device and balance device. The distance between two axes of roller can be adjusted to insure right slot and depressive space. The parallel of two rollers and the height of rolling line can be adjusted. The device is also involved in roller changing and dealing with accident. In this work, the collectivity of rolling mill pressing device, key parts and control system were designed. Key words: Rolling mill，depressive space, pressing device
要
轧机是用于轧制钢板的设备。轧机由工作机座和传动装置组成，工作机座主要包 括轧机机架、辊系、平衡系统和轧辊调整装置。传动装置则由大型电动机和减速机组 成，由于电动机制作技术的发展，现代轧机通常由电动机直接拖动。轧辊的调整装置 是轧机的重要机构，其主要作用是：调整轧辊在机架中的相对位置，以保证要求的压 下量、精确的轧件尺寸和正常的轧制条件。轧辊的调整装置有轴向调整装置和径向调 整装置两种，其设计的好坏直接关系到产品的质量和轧机的作业率。轧辊的径向调整 是由压下装置与平衡装置共同完成的，调整两工作辊轴线之间的距离，以保证正确的 辊缝大小，确保压下量；调整两工作辊的平行度；调整轧制线的高度；更换轧辊或处 理事故时需要的其他操作。本文对轧机机械压下装置的总体、关键零部件和电气控制 系统进行了设计。 关键词：轧机，压下量，压下装置
1.1 引言 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 概述 ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.2.1 轧制的基本概念及原理 ............................................................................. 2 1.2.2 轧机的类型 ................................................................................................. 3 1.2.3 轧机的组成 ................................................................................................. 3 1.2.4 简单轧制过程及其主要参数 ..................................................................... 4 1.2.5 轧机布置形式 ............................................................................................. 5 1.2.6 轧制技术的现状 ......................................................................................... 6 1.2.7 中厚板轧机及其发展趋势 ......................................................................... 7 2 轧制过程特点的分析及技术参数和总体方案的确定 ................................................... 8 2.1 轧制生产工艺流程 ................................................................................................ 8 2.1.1 热轧中厚板生产工艺流程 ......................................................................... 8 2.1.2 带钢热连轧生产工艺流程和设备概况 ..................................................... 9 2.2 主要技术参数的确定 .......................................................................................... 12 2.3 总体设计方案的确定 .......................................................................................... 14 2.3.1 基本形式的选择 ....................................................................................... 14 2.3.2 轧制力能参数的确定 ................................................................................ 14 2.3.3 驱动系统的选择 ....................................................................................... 14 3 机械部分设计计算 ......................................................................................................... 15 3.1 原始数据 ............................................................................................................... 15 3.2 轧辊主参数的确定 ............................................................................................... 16 3.2.1、辊身长度的确定 ..................................................................................... 16 3.2.2、工作辊直径的确定 ................................................................................. 16 3.3 轧制力的计算 .................................................................................................. 18 3.3.1 计算变形阻力 ......................................................................................... 18 3.3.2 计算平均轧制力和总轧制力 ................................................................. 19 3.4 轧制力矩和轧辊驱动力矩计算 ........................................................................ 21 3.4.1 轧制力矩 ................................................................................................. 21 3.4.2 工作辊传动支承辊的力矩 ..................................................................... 22 3.4.3 计算轧辊摩擦力矩 ................................................................................. 23 3.4.4 轧辊驱动力矩 ......................................................................................... 23 3.5 机械零部件设计计算与校核 ............................................................................ 24 3.5.1 轧辊的平衡验算 ....................................................................................... 24 3.5.2 压下螺丝的最小直径计算 ..................................................................... 25 3.5.3 压下螺母高度和直径设计计算 ............................................................. 26 3.6 驱动系统设计计算 ............................................................................................ 28 3.6.1 轧辊调整装置的类型 ................................................................................ 28 3.6.2 快速压下装置 ............................................................................................ 28 3.6.3 压下电机功率计算 ................................................................................... 29 3.6.4 蜗轮蜗杆减速机设计计算 ....................................................................... 31 4 轧机压下装置的润滑、维护 .......................................................................................... 33 结论 ..................................................................................................................................... 34 致 谢 ................................................................................................................................. 35 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 36
目录
摘 要 ................................................................................................................................... 1 ...................................................................................................................... 1 1 绪论 ................................................................................................................................... 1
ABSTRACT
Rolling mill is a kind of equipment used to roll armor plate. The rolling mill is made
up of rolling stand and transmission device, the rolling stand includes frame, rollers, balancing system and the roller adjusting device. The transmission device is composed of good-sized electromotor and moderator, due to the development of electromotor manufacturing technology, modern rolling mill is usually dragged by electromotor directly. The roller adjusting device is an important part of rolling mill, whose main function is to adjust roller ’s relative position in frame to insure the demanding depressive space, dimension of workpiece and natural rolling condition. The roller adjusting device include axial adjusting device and radial adjusting device, the designing quality has great relationship with the product’s quality and rolling mill’s efficiency. The radial adjusting is fulfilled through pressing device and balance device. The distance between two axes of roller can be adjusted to insure right slot and depressive space. The parallel of two rollers and the height of rolling line can be adjusted. The device is also involved in roller changing and dealing with accident. In this work, the collectivity of rolling mill pressing device, key parts and control system were designed. Key words: Rolling mill，depressive space, pressing device