高中英语虚拟语气的教学设计与反思

高中英语虚拟语气的教学设计与反思
一、课程说明
1、教材分析
牛津英语高二第六模块第三，第四单元语法项目是虚拟语气。

通过教材设计的练习，学生先要理解虚拟语气所表达的含义，并能初步运用含有虚拟语气的句子来描述愿望。

在此基础上，学生还要进行一些探究性练习，更加熟练透彻的掌握虚拟语气。

教师应设计情景，让学生描述，然后归纳出虚拟语气的结构和用法。

这样既可学习掌握虚拟语气，又可训练学生的思维。

2、教学目标
1)知识与能力目标：让学生了解并掌握虚拟语气的语法规则，解决通
关练习题并在具体语言环境中灵活使用。

2)过程与方法目标：教师引导与学生自主学习相结合，语法讲解与语法
练习相结合, 让学生在使用中掌握虚拟语气。

3)情感态度价值观目标：培养学生自主学习与探究能力，增强学生合作
意识，提高学生的语言分析能力和正确表达自己观点的能力。

3、学生分析
本节课是一对一辅导教学，面向的学生基础知识掌握不够牢靠，知识的运用能力较差，分析能力较弱，解题思路不清晰。

在这种情况下，老师用语应尽量使用简单句。

设计的虚拟语气情景造句先易后难，先从容易的入手，学会运动虚拟语气，再做难度稍大的题，这样可以使学生逐步掌握，并得到提高。

老师必须及时对学生的表现给予肯定和鼓励，以使学生保持学习英语的兴趣，这样才有可能让学生学会、会学、乐学。

4、教学重难点
1）教学重点：了解和掌握虚拟语气语法项目的两个概念。

2）教学难点：能够运用此语法规则完成各种练习训练，并在实际语言活动中灵活运用。

二、课前准备
1. 教法：以学生为主体的教师讲解法，语法训练, 情景式教学
2. 学法：自主学习，合作学习，探究互动式学习
3. 教学手段：多媒体辅助教学
4. 课时安排：一个小时
三、课程设计（教学过程）
第一步：课前准备
和学生互相问候，回顾以前知识，让学生从放松状态进入到学习状态。

第二步：活动，引入课程主题——虚拟语气
教师活动：请学生观看影片《大话西游》片段，提醒学生注意片中周星驰说的那句经典台词，鼓励学生用英语翻译出这句台词。

学生活动：观看影片，尝试翻译台词
媒体活动：多媒体播放影片；
多媒体展示问题：Could you give a voice to the character in the mo vie in English? 多媒体展示这句台词的英语翻译。

教学设计意图：播放影片《大话西游》中周星驰说那句经典台词的一幕，那句台词恰好可以用虚拟语气来翻译，鼓励学生尝试用英语翻译这句话，给周星驰配音。

学生翻译时很有可能出错，没关系，老师会帮助他们纠正错误。

学生翻译的正确与否并不重要，重要的是轻松幽默地吸引学生的注意力，让学生参与进来，激发学生的学习兴趣。

第三步：详细讲解虚拟语气的意义与用法
1、虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

虚拟语气在条件句中应用比较多。

2、条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。

非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

1）真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况有可能发生。

各种结构参见下表：句型：条件从句主句
一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形
例如：If he comes, he will bring his violin. 如果他来，会带小提琴来的。

典型例题:
The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
A. will rain
B. rains
C. rained
D. is rained
答案B。

真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。

注意：
* 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.
（错） If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
（对） If you leave now, you will never regret it.
* 表示真理时，主句谓语动词不用shall （will） +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。

2）非真实条件句
虚拟语气可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况，时态的基本特点是时态往后推移。

A. 与现在事实相反的假设
条件从句主句
一般过去时（be用were） should（would）等 +动词原形
例如：If they were here, they would help you. 如果他们在这儿，会帮助你的。

含义：They are n ot here, they can’t help you.
B. 与过去事实相反的假设
条件从句主句
过去完成时 should（would）等+ have+ 过去分词
例如：If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.如果他昨天来的话，我会把这件事告诉他的。

含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
C. 表示对将来不大可能发生的事情的假想
条件从句主句
一般过去时 should/would等 + 动词原形
were+ 不定式
should+ 动词原形
例如：If you succeeded, everything would be all right. 如果你将来成功了，一切都会好的。

If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
含义：You are not likely to succeed, everything will be what it is no w.
3)混合条件句
有时，主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，主句从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。

例如：
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天问过他，今天就知道做什么了。

（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。

）
If it had rained last night（过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）.如果昨晚下过雨，今天就会很冷了。

4)虚拟条件句的倒装
虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were, should, 或had时, 可省略if，再把we re, should或had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装。

例如：
Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, th ey could help us.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。

Had you come earlier, you would have met him. =If you had come ear lier, you would have met him.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。

Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the cr ops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。

注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were"，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。

例如：
If I were you, I would go to look for him. 如果我是你，就会去找他。

If he were here, everything would be all right. 如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。

典型例题
_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I
B. I were
C. Were I
D. Was I
答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。

但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。

如我们可说 Were I not to do, 而不能说 Weren't I to do。

3、特殊的虚拟语气词should
1）在主语从句中的应用
It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…等结构的主语从句，谓语动词用should 加动词原形，should 可省略。

It is 可用的词有三类 that （should）do
suggested, ordered, required, proposed, demanded, requested, insis ted等
important, necessary, natural, imperative, strange等
a pity, a shame, no wonder等
2）在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中，像order, suggest, pr opose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + （shoul d） do等。

例如：
I suggest that we （should） hold a meeting next week. 我建议下周
召开个会议。

He insisted that he （should ） be sent there.他要求被派到那儿去。

注意：如suggest, insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。

判断改错：（错） You pale face suggests that you（should）be i ll.
（对） Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
（错） I insisted that you（should）be wrong.
（对） I insisted that you were wrong.
3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用
suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。

例如： My idea is that we（should）get more people to attend the con ference.我的想法是让更多的人来参加会议。

I make a proposal that we（should）hold a meeting next week.
我提了个建议，下周我们开个会。

4、wish的用法
1）wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。

其宾语从句的动词形式为：
主句从句
从句动作先于主句动词动作（be的过去式为 were）现在时过去时
从句动作与主句动作同时发生（had + 过去分词）过去时过去完成时将来不大可能实现的愿望将来时 would/could +动词原形
例如：I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。

He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话。

I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。

2）wish to do；wish sb / sth to do。

例如：
I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. 我希望
见一见经理。

I wish the manager to be informed at once. （= I want the mana
ger to be informed at once.）我希望经理能马上得到消息。

5、比较if only与only if
only if表示"只有"；if only则表示"如果……就好了"。

If only也可用于陈述语气。

例如：
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会
醒。

If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响就好了。

If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来。

6、It is （high） time that
It is （high） time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用shoul d加动词原形，但should不可省略。

例如：
It is time that the children went to bed. 孩子们该睡觉了。

It is high time that the children should go to bed.
7、need "不必做"和"本不必做"
didn't need to do表示过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。

needn't have done表示过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。

例如：
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't nee d to walk back home.
约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。

John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。

（Mary步行回家了，没有遇上John的车。

）
典型例题
There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn't have hurried
B. couldn't have hurried
C. must not hurry
D. needn't have hurried
答案D。

needn't have done. 意为"本不必"，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。

Mustn't have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为co uldn't have done, "不可能已经"。

must not do 不可以（用于一般现在时）。

总结一下：虚拟条件句中的动词形式
第四步：课堂练习
1、根据汉语写出句子。

1）要是他在这里, 我就可以亲自向他解释了。

If he were here,_____________________________________________________ _____.
2）倘若她是个出色的演员的话，像他这样的男人会赞许她的。

_______________________________________, such men as he would approve of her.
3）如果她再往前去，走到他坐的雅座那儿，那她自然会看见他的。

If she had come on to his compartment,_______________________________ _______.
4）他手头要是有件外套，准会把它穿上。

_________________________________________________, he would have put it on.
5）假如下雨, 我们只好取消明天的比赛。

_______________________________, we would have to cancel the match to morrow.
6）假如我把他的情况全都告诉你，你会吃惊的。

If I were to tell you all about him,_________________________________ _________.
7）如果什么意外的事临到他的头上, 可就糟了。

__________________________________________________, that would be too bad.
8）如果没有他的帮忙，我应该已经失败。

If it had not been for his help,_____________________________________ ________.
9）她多么希望自己能按她的愿望成功地同他和睦相处啊！
How she wished________________________________________, in her own wa y.
10）他希望他没讲过那样的话。

He wished__________________________________________________________ 2、用虚拟语气表达六话句
虚拟语气
I wish …
… as if …
If I……
If only…
My suggestion / advice / proposal is that….
I suggest…
第六步：课后作业
课后作业是一套关于虚拟语气的习题，做完下堂课讲解，将虚拟语气这个重要要的知识点彻底掌握并巩固。

虚拟语气练习题
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空：
Part A.
1. If people ______(drive) more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents.
2. If you had worked carefully, you _____(not make) so many mistakes.
3. The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we _____ (tie) it up.
4. If I had known you already _____(have) a typewriter, I _____(not, buy) one for your birthday.
5. If he _____(be) here this afternoon I would go with him.
6. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _____(postpone).
7. But for your help, we ______(not be) able to finish the work in time.
8. If it _____(not, be) for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much.
9. I wish I _____(study) hard while I was young.
10. It is about time that fence ______(mend).
11. My request is that we ______(hold) another session to discuss the problem.
12. It is strange that the car _____(break) down at exactly the same place where it _____(break) down yesterday.
13. The baby smiled as if he _____(understand) what his mother _____(say).
14. He talked as if he _____(do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _____(do) most of it.
15. If only we _____(have) a phone! I’m tired of queuing outside t he public phone box.
16. ----- “Can we come in late tomorrow?” ----- “I’d rather you _____(come) in on time.”
17. He looks as if he _____(be) ill for a long time.
18. He always talks as though he ______(address) a public meeting.
19. If a metal ______(heat), it will expand.
20. I _____(stay) home if it rains this evening.
Part B.
1. She would call you immediately if she _____(need) help.
2. If I had seen the movie, I _____(tell) you all about it now.
3. If he _____(decide) earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight.
4. _______ I _____(take) my umbrella with me when I _____(come) out this morning, I _____(not be) so wet now.
5. If you had listened to me, you _____ (not be) in such trouble now.
6. I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on my work.
7. It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I
______(wave) to her.
8. What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down.
9. Mr. Jones would rather _____(stay) home last night.
10. Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he does.
11. Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid.
12. We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she
______(already, come) back from abroad.
13. Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution made by the science of physics.
14. I hate driving. I’d much rather you _____(drive).
15. The guests ______(arrive) last night, but there is still no news about them.
16. Mother_____(feel) anxious if I came home late.
17. Even if I ______(be) with you then, I ______(can, not, do) much for you.
18. A less conscientious man ______(not, try) so hard to get this job done.
19. Do you wish that you ______(have) a sister like her?
20. Isn’t it surprising that he ______(have) two car accidents during the past week?
二、选择题：
1. If I _______ you, I’d join the army.
A. am
B. was
C. were
D. would be
2. “If the sun ______ tomorrow, what would we do?”
A. will not rise
B. would not rise
C. did not rise
D. does not rise
3. If you ______ to see Mary, what would you tell her?
A. are
B. will be going
C. must
D. were
4. I would have said “Hello” to him if I ______ your brother.
A. could see
B. had seen
C. will see
D. will have seen
5. If you had wanted to buy a record, what ________?
A. would you buy
B. had you bought
C. would you have bought
D. would you be buying
6. If the tablets had dissolved, John ______.
A. would probably die
B. had probably died
C. probably would be died
D. would probably have died
7. ________ if you had lost your watch?
A. Hadn’t you been upset
B. Wouldn’t you be upset
C. Weren’t you upset
D. Wouldn’t you have upset
8. -----“I was so sorry to hear about Jack.”
-----“If he had made more friends here, he might ________.”
A. have stayed
B. have stay
C. stayed
D. stay
9. If I had a bike, I ______ it to you yesterday.
A. would have lent
B. would lend
C. would have lend
D. could lend
10. ____________, John would not have failed.
A. If he has listened to me
B. Had he listened to me
C. If he listened to me
D. As he listened to me
11. Had Alice been more hardworking, she ________.
A. had not failed
B. would not have failed
C. would not fail
D. could not be failed
12. -----“Steve made a reservation already.”
-----“______ he change his mind, he can cancel it.”
A. Should
B. Would
C. If
D. So
13. I wished it _______ but it did.
A. occurred not
B. did not accur
C. had not occurred
D. would not occur
14. I _______ Professor Jones had taught me this equation.
A. believe
B. deeply think
C. wish
D. suppose
15. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _____ around the earth.
A. circles
B. is circling
C. be circling
D. were circling
16. The computer “teacher” was talking with his students as though it ______ a human teacher.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. be
17. Jane appears as though she _______ the secret.
A. knows
B. knew
C. has known
D. had known
18. If only she _______ of Aunt Ruth!
A. was not terribly so frightened
B. were not terribly so frightened
C. be not so terribly frightened
D. were not so terribly frightened
19. -----“I think that the Smiths were embarrassed by Jane’s generosity.”
-----“She insisted ______ it as a gift.”
A. no them to accept
B. their accepting
C. that they accept
D. that they accepted
20. The chairman requested that __________.
A. the members studied the problem more carefully
B. the problem were more carefully studied
C. the problem could be studied with more care
D. the members study the problem more carefully
21. -----“Did Kathy have any ideas for Jim?”
-----“She suggested that he ______ a card with all of our names on it.”
A. send
B. sends
C. to send
D. sending
22. The idea is that we _______ an unmanned spacecraft to explore the planet first.
A. will send
B. had sent
C. send
D. be sent
23. It is necessary that this machine-tool _______ every day.
A. be oiled
B. oil
C. is to be oiled
D. oiled
24. -----“That’s a beautiful coat in the window.”
-----“It certainly is. If I had the money ______ buy it.”
A. I’d
B. I’ll
C. I ma y
D. I shall
25. -----“Why didn’t you help him?”
-----“I would have ______ I didn’t have the money.”
A. if
B. and
C. but
D. otherwise
26. Jill would rather we _______ now, but we must go to work.
A. not leave
B. had not left
C. didn’t leave
D. not to be le ft
27. I’d just as soon ________ those important papers with you.
A. that you won’t take
B. your not taking
C. please don’t you take
D. you didn’t take
28. The housemaster was very strict. He asked that we ______ television
on week nights.
A. not watch
B. not be watching
C. must not watch
D. should not have watched
29. I hadn’t expected James to apologize but I had hoped ________.
A. him calling me
B. that he would call me
C. him to call me
D. that he call me
30. __________ at the price list, he’d have know n what to expect.
A. Had Mr. Robinson looked
B. If Mr. Robinson looked
C. If Mr. Robinson would have looked
D. Had Mr. Robinson been looking
31. -----“Shall I open the window?”
-----“I’d rather _________.”
A. you had better not
B. you don’t
C. you shouldn’t
D. you didn’t
32. ----- “Did you have to go to court?”
-----“No, I didn’t, but I would ______ if my lawyer hadn’t been so good.”
A. had
B. have
C. be
D. do
33. If Peter had enough money, he _______ on the trip to Los Angeles.
A. would have gone
B. went
C. had gone
D. would go
34. If you had been in Shanghai last month, you ________ the game.
A. had seen
B. have seen
C. had been seen
D. would have seen
35. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d ______ there by now.
A. be
B. get
C. have got at
D. have been
36. If the Watergate Incident _______ Nixon would not have resigned from
the presidency.
A. had not occurred
B. did not occur
C. was not occurring
D. would not occur
37. Alan _______ the party if he’d gone to London.
A. would have missed
B. had missed
C. could miss
D. missed
38. -----“Your pictures are beautiful!”
-----“We _______ more if we hadn’t run out of film.”
A. would take
B. had taken
C. will have taken C. would have taken
39. Peter wishes that he ________ law instead of literature when he was in college.
A. had studied
B. studied
C. could study
D. would study
40. -----“I couldn’t talk to Mrs. Khandary very well, because my Arabic isn’t very good yet.”
-----“_________ there, he would have been able to interpret for you.”
A. If John were
B. John had been
C. Had John been
D. Were John
41. ___________, Gerald would have been a rich man.
A. Was he to enter business
B. Were he entered business
C. Had he entered business
D. If he was to enter business
42. _________, we shall go on a picnic.
A. Should the weather be fine
B. If the weather were fine
C. Had the weather been fine
D. Were the weather to be fine
43. -----“I wish I ________ the orientation program yesterday.”
-----“It’s too bad that you _________. We met a lot of people.”
A. had attended …didn’t
B. had attended …hadn’t
C. attended … didn’t
D. could attend … haven’t
44. -----“Do you want me to lend you some money?”
-----“I wish you __________, I can pay you back next week.”
A. should
B. did
C. might
D. would
45. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I _______ to it.
A. had not gone
B. have not gone
C. did not go
D. could not have gone
46. If their passport _______ all right, they _______ arrested.
A. were … wouldn’t be
B. had been … wouldn’t have be en
C. are… mustn’t be
D. should be … wouldn’t be
47. If only I _________ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.
A. had known
B. would know
C. should know
D. knew
48. The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket ______ over it.
A. had been thrown
B. were thrown
C. be thrown
D. had thrown
49. He spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thought _________.
A. was far away
B. had been far away
C. were far away
D. went far away
50. If I had only read all the books before I ________ the lecture!
A. would have attended
B. attended
C. had attended
D. have attended
51. I would have been able to help him, but I _______ so busy.
A. were
B. had been
C. was
D. would be
52. -----“Where have you been?”
-----“I got caught in the traffic; _______ I would have been here sooner.”
A. however
B. although
C. anyway
D. otherwise
53. It is desirable that the airplane _______ as light as possible.
A. was
B. be
C. is
D. were
54. I _______ do that if I were given the choice.
A. would rather not
B. would not rather
C. rather not
D. had rather not
55. Everybody has arrived. It’s time we _________.
A. would start
B. shall start
C. started
D. had start
56. -----“Mrs. Williams can speak Japanese.”
-----“But she would rather _______ English with us.”
A. speak
B. spoke
C. to speak
D. had spoken
57. John would rather that Jane _______ to the party yesterday evening.
A. did not go
B. not go
C. had not gone
D. wouldn’t gone
58. -----“What’s the matter with Harry?”
-----“I don’t know, but he certainly lo oks ______ he had lost his best friend.”
A. that
B. so that
C. like
D. as if
59. His advice has made the design better than it ________.
A. would otherwise have been
B. would be otherwise
C. has otherwise be
D. had otherwise been
60. -----“I’m surprised to learn that you’re going back.”
-----“Yes, I had hoped that I _______ have to go back again, but I must.”
A. didn’t
B. wouldn’t
C. won’t
D. mustn’t
三、辨认并改正错误：
1. I should be most happy to go down with you but I was very busy right then. (have been)
2. If her great grandfather would have lived three more days he would have been 100 years old. (had lived)
3. If George Washington were president today, I would have wondered what
he would do about the United States’ foreign affairs in the Middle East. (wonder)
4. It was suggested that Pedro studies the material more thoroughly before attempting to pass the examination. (study)
5. He gave orders that the horses were made ready at once as he was pressed for time. (should be)
6. The scientist thinks it necessary that all the inventions of mankind must be used for good, not for evil. (should)
7. We felt like we had lost a friend when the foreman along with his four assistants was unfairly discharged. (felt as if)
8. If you went to last night’s game, I am sure that you would have enjoyed seeing our team win. (had been to)
9. If you have been living here since 1956, isn’t it about time you start to look for somewhere nicer to live? (started)
10. The law I am referring to requires that everyone who owns a car has accident insurance. (have)
11. I would rather that they did not travel during the bad weather, but they insist that they must return home today. (should)
12. The political candidate talked as though she has already been elected to the presidency. (had)
13. If a crisis was to occur, those unfamiliar with the procedures would not know how to handle the situation. (were)
14. Many dead people would now be alive if they did not attempt to return for something. (had not attempted)
15. Only if Albert had told me before last Friday, I would have given him some help, but now it’s too late. (If only)
16. If Monique had not attended the conference, she would never meet her old friend Dan whom she had not seen for years. (have met)
17. If I brought with me a camera when the accident happened yesterday
I might have taken a picture of it myself. (had brought)
18. How I wish John knew how to apply grammatical rules properly and recognize the fact that he is nearly always in the wrong! (recognized) 19. If John were to resign and if Henry were elected to take his place we should have had more vigorous leadership. (删除)
20. You may prefer to travel by plane, but if the weather is bad, you might have to use the train instead. (may)
四、翻译下列句子：
1．我要是有你这样一个姐姐多好！
2．我们万一不能及时完成这个任务怎么办？
3．要不是明天有测验我今天晚上就去听音乐会了。

4．有人建议我们举行一次讲演比赛。

5．你其实可以让我帮助你的。

6．现在是认真研究这个问题的时候了。

7．真遗憾他竟然忘记通知你们这件事了。

8．如果她不是一直刻苦练习，她的钢琴就不可能弹得这么好。

9.他不太注意学习方法，要不然他就不会落在别人后面。

10.他看起来好像是刚睡醒似的。

11.对这些学生的全部要求是努力学习，遵守规章制度。

12.他昨天非常忙，否则他就来参加我们的联欢会（get-together）了。

四、教学设计理念及反思
该课内容比较多，创设有趣而贴近生活的情景，授课过程中能调动学生的积极性。

通过该课，学生知识目标达成较好，在教与学的过程中，学生的分析、归纳能力得到了培养。

通过在教学过程中进行的知识反馈，可以了解到学生对基本知识掌握情况。