人教高中英语必修四语法总结含练习(无答案)
新教材人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册全册各单元重点语法汇总
人教版选择性必修第四册重点语法汇总Unit 1 science fiction ........................................................................ - 1 - unit 2 Iconic attractions .................................................................... - 9 - Unit 3 Sea Exploration .................................................................... - 17 - Unit 4 Sharing ................................................................................. - 24 - Unit 5 Launching Your Career ......................................................... - 31 -Unit 1 science fiction被动语态英语中有两种语态，一种是主动语态，一种是被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者，或者动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。
[观察例句]1．It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife，Claire.2．All the work has been finished by now.3．Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human，and it was disturbing.4．You are invited to make a speech in our school.5．Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.[归纳用法]1．例句1中的黑体词部分为过去将来时的被动形式，其构成是was/were going to＋be＋done。
人教版版高中英语必修四重点语法汇总
必修4重点语法汇总Unit1主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数的一致，英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
这三个原则常常发生矛盾，但当发生冲突时，意义一致原则为优先考虑的原则。
Unit2动词的-ing形式由“动词原形+ing形式”构成，它既是现在分词形式，也是动名词形式。
v-ing能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。
其时态和语态的变化为二、动词v-ing形式作主语v-ing形式作主语时，通常表示一般的或抽象的多次行为。
1.v-ing形式直接作主语。
E.g. Smoking is harmful to your health.吸烟有害健康。
E.g. Being fit helps you to stay focused on your lessons.保持健康有助于你集中精力学习。
2.有时为了避免句子主语过于冗长，通常用it代替v.-ing作形式主语。
E.g.It's no use advising him.劝他没用。
E.g. It's useless taking this kind of medicine吃这种药没用。
It’s fun being an actor.当个演员是有趣的。
三、v.ing形式作宾语1.能接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词有advise，avoid，appreciate，consider，delay，deny，dislike，enjoy，escape，finish，forget，keep，imagine，stop，mind，miss，mention，practise，begin，start，like，hate，remember，regret，require，resist，suggest等。
E.g. The master keeps thinking about it.主人不停地想这件事。
人教新课标版高中英语必修4单词及语言点总结及练习.docx
单词总结Unit 1 Women of achievementExercise据句意及所给单词首字母或汉语意思完成下列句子.ing top in such an important exam is quite an a _____________ ・2.The ship is in no c _________ to make a long voyage.3.Their b __________ towards me shows that they do not like me.4.He was under o _________ by the police.5.We'd better take time and money into c ____________ when making the plan.6.He is always _____ （谦逊白勺）about his success.7.Genius is 10% _________ （灵感）and 90% perspiration.8.The workers are on ________ （罢工）for higher pay.9.I was _______ （资助）by my parents when I was studying at collage・10.We have been told to show _______ （尊敬）for our elders.11.As a student, all her life is _____________ （奉献）her students.12.This settlement ______________ （成立）in 1600.13.Do you __________ （了解）Jack getting arrested?14.You need warm clothes to __________ （保护）you against the cold.15.I was ___________ （驱逐）the club because of breaking the rule・16.The lost child was seen ____________ （闲逛）last afternoon.17.Tom, the top student of our class, thinks studying is a very __________ （值得tl勺）work.18.With the Internet, people can ____________ （交流）each other much easier.19.He _________ （H隹彳、起）people who've never been to university.20.I know the writer who _________ （打算）work ____ children.Unit 2 Working the landExercise据句意及所给单词首字母或汉语意思完成下列句了.1 ・ After a long s _______ , he gained control of the business.2.Our foreign trade has e __________ g reatly in recent years.3.The girl s ________ her mother by cleaning up the kitchen.4.As is known to all, coal and iron are m _____________ ・5.She r _______ h er weight by 5 kilograms.6・ Her unexpected arrangements _________ （搞乱）all our plans.7.After the conference, the secretary passed me a ten-page __________ （纪要, 摘要）.8.The Fashion Magazine developed a large __________ （销售量）quickly.9.The two students ________ （相互交流）greetings when they met.10.After 10 years in prison, he was given his __________ （白由）・11 • They _______ （结束）the party with a song “Take me to your hearf\12.It seems that you don^t __________ （在乎）your failure in the examination at all.13.The police are __________ （寻找）the escaped prisoners・14.The baby is hungry but it is too young to _______ （卩畏养）itself yet.15.We want to ______ （装备）your children with some special skills・st night they ____ the dormitory _______ mice which made much noise at night.（摆脱）17.I don't hope to leave so soon; I _______ 佇愿）stay home a day longer.18.It^s no use _______ （希望）things you can^t have・19.She ________ （醒來）a terrible dream when her mother entered the room.20.We help _______ （互相）with our homework in the summer holiday.Unit 3 A taste of English humourExercise据句意及所给单词首字母或汉语意思完成下列句子.I• Man should try to be harmony with nature, and not be c __________ to wildlife.2.To my a ________ 、he did the difficult job well.3 - Could you e __________ the child for an hour, while I make dinner?4.He had o _______ the difficulties with his English before he went aboard・5 •I was f ________ to have a good teacher.6.Don" be in such a hurry; yoifd better eat a few ____________ （一口，满口）of food before you go shopping.7.In fact, China is a __________ （多山的）country・8.He did the job under my ___________ （指导）.9.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be __________ （njln爵）and digested ・10.Although he failed in the examination again, he knew the success came after many ________ （失败）.II•__________________________ Last night, I happened to （碰见）a chair in the dark・12.He used to hope to go abroad, but now he ____________ （满足，满意）stay his present position.13.We should satisfy ourselves with the living conditions——many families are much ________ （穷白勺）thanwe are.14.They were recognized by the ________ （贫穷）of their clothing.15.The movie ________ （以... 为背景）pre-war Beijing in China・16.Yoif ve been caught cheating, now you must ______ （而）the music.17.Her health soon ________ （恢复）after a few day's rest.18._____ （代替）the children^ play and adventure, he had a desire to learn・19.It's cruel to __________ （玩弄，开玩笑）people who stammer（结巴）.20.Those whoM like to go sign names at the _________ （底部）of the page, please.Unit 4 Body Language1 ・ At the airport, he kissed me goodbye on the c _________ ・2・ The guest c ________ their thanks to the host and hostess when leaving.3・The artist asked his model to take a reclining （躺着）p ________ •4.Mother told me to b _______ well when we visited relatives.5.You say he is easy-going, but I never feel at e _________ with him.6.We both are not in time; I think there must be some ____________ （误会）over the time.7.As you _________ （接近）the school the first building you see is the teaching building.8.Everyone who helped gets a __________ （份额）in the profiles・9・ The police ________ （注意至ll） the man entering the bank・10.You see Fm a student of ail; Fm not very ____________ （熟悉白勺）with botanical names・11.I ___________ （愿:意;，准备）lend you the book if you promise to return it on time.12.Our teacher _________ （主彳修）in mathematics and physics.13.Following the national news we have got the ________ （当1 也的）news and weather・14.The picture __________ （描绘，描述）a hunting scene in which there is an ancient king.15.I will stay at home this evening; she ______ very _____ （很川能）ring me tonight.16.I think he ________ （回避,躲开）me, because he several times pretends not to see me・17.We have ________ （相似的）tastes in music.1 & I heard they __________ （想要，打算）marry, but they haven't so far.19.The teacher ______ （惩罚）the students for their being late by letting them stand outside the classroom.20.They have broken the _______ （协议，同意）between us.Unit 5 Theme parks1 ・ Unlike traditional park, t _________ parks often want to teach visitors something.2・Today many people are experiencing the joy of the a ___________ park for the first time.3.There's gas e ________ s omewhere. Can you smell it?4.When in conferences, he often leaves for v __________ reasons.5. They will c________ at least $600 for moving the piano.6. The ________ （设备） of Information Technology is expensive indeed.7. Only a m _______ （少数）of students receive （s ） the scholarship.8. _________________________________________________________ Many people would agree that it is one of the most technologically ___________________________ （先进的） the world after visiting Futuroscope on France ・9・ Stop looking for the perfect job —it^ just a __________ （幺J 想）.10. In science fictions, aliens are __________ （生物）from the outer world ・11. Yoifd better leave now if you want to ___________ （弄清楚）of getting there on time.12. You are very cool with your family, but with your friends you really ______________ （活跃）. 13. What I said about Tom ________ （对 .. 适用）everyone in our class-14. Tasmania ___________ （以 .. 命名）its discoverer, A.J. Tasman.15. How many countries will ____________ （参加I ） in the next Olympic Games, do you know?16. The teacher said to Bruce that he should come to class on time ___________ （以后）•17. Don't _______ （卷入）me in solving the troublesome situation.18. The architecture （建筑）in the town center is a successful _______ （结合）of old and new.19. We should __________ （准备）any trouble that may happen.20. Don't worry, but I will try to ________ （分摊，均分）Oic cost with you.Unit 220. one anotherUnit 3参考答案：Unit 1I ・ achievement 6. modest II .devoted to 15. driven out of 2. condition 7. inspiration12. was founded 3. behavior 8. strike 4. observation 9. supported 5. consideration10. respect 13・ know about 14. protect16. wandering off 17. worthwhile 18. communicate with 19. looks down upon/ on 20. intends fortheme parks in 1. struggle 2. expanded 3. satisfied 4. minerals 5. reduced6. confused7. summary8. circulation9. exchanged 10. freedom11・ ended 12. care about 13・ searching for 14. feed 15. equip16. rid of 17. prefer to 18. wishing for 19・ awaken from1 .cruel 2. astonishment 3・ entertain 4. overcome 5. fortunate6. mouthfuls7. mountainous8. direction9. chewed 10. failures11. bump into 12. is content to 13. worse off 14. poverty 15. is set in16. face 17. picked up 18. Instead of 19. make fun of 20. bottomUnit 4.Unit 519. prepare for/ be prepared for 语言点总结Unit 1 Women of achievementWord usageLachieve v: attain or reach a goal through a lot of efforteg. You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.She finally achieved what she wanted.该词的名词形式为achievement.eg. The invention of the computer is a great achievement.They made great efforts in the achievement of their goals ・2xondition n:a) [C]situation or state that under which person or thing existeg. After the king came to power, the condition of the people became worse.My bike is in bad condition ・ I want to buy a new one.Our living and working conditions have been improved in the past few years.b) [UJthe state of general healthWhafs the patient's condition?The old man's condition is improving ・1. check2. expressed3. posture4. behave5. ease6. misunderstanding7. approach & share 9. observed 1(). familiar11. am prepared to 12. majored 13. local 14. represents 15. is likely to16. is avoiding17・ similar 18. intended to 19. punished20・ agreement 1 • theme 2. amusement3・ escaping 4. various 5・ charge 6. equipment7. minority & advanced 9. fantasy 1(). creatures 11 ・ make certain12. come to life 13. goes for 14. was named after 15・ take part in16. involve 17. system 1& combination20. share3<connection: union or relationship linked by different meanseg. His connection with the family is slight.There^re excellent road and rail connections between the two cities.Is there a connection between the sun and seasons?^campaigna)n: organize activity+ for/against/to doeg. The city is planning to start a campaign against smoking・We started a campaign for money raising for the flood area.b)v: hold or join in a campaigneg. He hasn't decided whether to campaign for the position・Mary is campaigning for equal rights for women.5<organization: organizing or organized systemeg. An army without organization would be useless.Do you know the organization of the human body?He is busy in the organization of the football club・6<devote v: give up time or set apart for该词通常构成词组devote... to,其中to为介词，后接名词或代词或动名词.eg. He devoted himself to writing・He still devotes to the study of chcmistry・He has devoted all his life to helping the blind・7<behave v: act or respond in a specified wayeg. He behaved like a true gentleman.The young lady behaved courageously in the face of danger・He behaved badly to the customers.其名词形式为behaviour.eg. His parents were satisfied with his behaviour.I don, like his rude behaviour.&worthwhile adj: rewarding enough to justify the time, money or effort that is spent eg. The job is worthwhile・It is worthwhile to read the book・It is worthwhile to visiting the city.区别worthwhile, worthy 及worth 的用法be worth sth/doing sthbe worthy of sth/ being done sthbe worthwhile to do/doing sthbe worthy to be doneeg. The book is worth reading.It is worthwhile to read the book.The book is worthy of being read ・9>observe v: watch carefullyeg. The scientist observed the experiment.I observed him stop at the gate.这个动词的名词形式为observationeg. They decided to put him under observation.10.respecta)n: esteem or admirationeg. They treated me with respect.We show great respect for old man.b)v: to have respect foreg. He is highly respected by everyone.I deeply respected his courage・IL argue vi/vt: to express disagreement in words, often with strong feelings. Eg. I dorf t want to argue with you.We argued the matter over four hours・He argued that she should not go.12.inspire v: encourageeg. His speech inspired us to try again.My parents inspire me to study harder.The beautiful scenery inspired the writer.13.supporta)n: act of supportingeg. Tom is the chief support of the family.We need your support.I will support his plan.b)v: to provide money , food, etceg. He has a large family to support.I can support myself after graduate from university.munication n: act of communicatingeg. Communication between old and young people is not so difficult as you think. Mobile phone has become an important means of communication.There is little communication between him and his parents.15.explain v: make clear or know in detaileg. Can you explain how the machine operates?I was asked to explain the meaning of the sentence・explain不能带双宾语，不能说explain sb sth而说成explain sth to sbeg. Please explain this rule to me.16・ deliver v:a)take to an intended receivereg. The mailman delivered the letters.He delivered my message to his brother.b)utter speech etceg. He delivered an important report at the meeting・He delivered his speech successfully.17.kindness: quality of being kindeg> She always shows kindness to children and animals.He helped the man out of kindness.Thank you for your kindness・18.considerate adj: careful not to hurt otherseg. She is considerate of others.He's always considerate towards old people・Please be considerate.consideration n: thinking that kept in mindeg. The matter is under consideration.We'll give your advice careful consideration.Health is the first consideratioru19e modest adj: not boasting/ shyeg. He's modest about his success.He is a modest man.Useful expressionsLlook down on/upon: regard sb or sth inferior to oneselfeg. She looks down on people who have never been to university.He was looked down on because of his poor dress.The proud girl looks down on all the other girls in her class.2.care for: sympathetic concerneg. He cares for nobody.His mother cared for his health.She is good at caring for patients.3 deliver a baby 接生eg. She once delivered a baby for a poor family.She successfully delivered a baby last night.Unit 2 Working the landWords usage1.hunger n.1)need, desire for food2)(fig) any strong desireEg: In those days, many persons died of hunger.He satisfied his hunger with everything he could find.The children have a strong hunger for knowledge・拓展：hunger to do sth. / hunger for sth2.struggle vi.1)make great efforts2)fightEg: He has been struggling for success in business・Large numbers of people had to struggle on the edge of starvation.He has been struggling with/ against illness for many years.3.export vt.& n.1)vL send goods to another country for the purpose of trade2)n. [c] sth. exportedeg; Japan exports electrical appliances to Europe・What are the chief exports of your country?4.confuse vt.1)put into disorder; mix up in the mind2)mistake one thing for anothereg; They asked so many questions that they confused me.People were confused by a lot of information.I confused her with her sister because they are so alike・5.apply vt. & n.1)vt. give or provide sth. needed2)n. sth. which is suppliedeg: They supplied him with food.I supplied him with food・We shall be receiving new supplies of shoes・拓展：supply sth. to sb. = supply sb. with slh.6.satisfied : be contentedeg: I was not satisfied with the result.I am satisfied of his innocence・He was satisfied when he won the race.Useful phrases:1・ rid ...of : make freeeg: We try to rid a house of mice.2.lead a ...lifeeg; They lead a simple life in the remote village・3.thanks to sb./sth. : because of sb. / stheg: Thanks to your help, we were successful.4.with the hope ofeg: He went to the city with the hope of making much money.5.refer to1)speak of; apple to2)meanEg; When I said that some persons were stupid, I was not refemng to you.What I have to say refers to all of you.What does the number refer to?6.would rather: prefer toeg: I would rather stay at home than go out.7.. in some ways : to a certain extent but not entirelyEg: In some ways, the job is difficult.Unit 3 A taste of English humourWords:1.slide v.1)(cause sth to) move or make sth move smoothly along a surface2)(cause sth to) move quietly so as not to be noticedEg: Carefully she slid along the ice.They slid out of the room when nobody was looking・2.content1)adj. satisfied, happy, not wanting more2)n・ that which is contained in sth.Eg: She is quite content to stay at home looking after her children.Are you content with your present salary?I like the style of her writing but 1 don't like the content.3.astonish vt. fill with sudden wonder or amazementeg: It will astonish you to hear what I paid for this ring.It was such an astonishing performance for such a young musician.4.particular1)adj. not general or universal2)adj. separate and distinct from others of the same group, category, or nature eg: She has a particular preference for Chinese art.We will make an exception in this particular case.5.entertain1)vt. to hold the attention of with something amusing or diverting2)vt. to hold the attention of with something.Eg: He entertained friends at dinner.I amused myself with a game of solitaire・They are much more entertaining than half the novels that are written.adj. entertaining n. entertainment6.throughout: prep・ In, to, through, or during every part of; all through eg: The road is kept openthroughout the year・The material is flawed throughout.Through unsure how her speech would be received, she remained calm and professional throughout.7.homeless1)adj. having no home or haven2)n. people without homes considered as a groupeg: When he broke away from his family, he became homeless・He often provides food to the homeless・& failure n.1)the condition or fact of not achieving the desired end or ends2)one that failsEg: They were afraid of risking failure because they didn't want to lose face.Failure is the mother of success.He is a failure at his career.9.overcome vt. conquer; get the better ofeg: The learner of a second language has many obstacles to overcome.She was overcome with emotion.10. snowstorm n. a storm marked by heavy snowfalleg: According to the weather report, there5s snowstorm blowing up this evening・They were caught in the snowstonn.11・ chew1)vt to bite and grind with the teeth; masticate2)vt. to meditate on; ponder3)to cogitate; meditateeg: You must chew your food before you swallow it.He chewed a problem over.He chewed on the difficulties ahead.12.direct1)vt. to give guidance and instruction to2)vt. to give authoritative instructions to3)vt・ to show or indicate the way foreg: Who directed the new Indian film?He directed the students to answer.The driver directed us to the airport.13.star vi. to play the leading role in a theatrical or film prodectioneg: One of my favorite old films starring Charlie Chaplin.Chcnglong starred in many famous films.14.fortune1)n・[u] the chance happening of fortunate or adverse event; luck2)n. success, especially when at least partially resulting from luck3)a large sum of moneyeg: He decided to go home for the holidays, and his fortune tumed for the worse.No matter what they tried, it ended in fortune.He spent a fortune on the new car.15.whisper1)vi. & vt. to speak softly2)to make a soft rustling soundeg: He is whispering to his neighbor.The two girls were whispering in the library・The wind whispered in the pines.16.vast1)adj. very great in size, number, amount, or quantity2)very great in area or extent; immense3)very great in degree or intensityeg: We bought the house at vast cost.All the lands was shrouded in our vast forest.The city is vast compared to our village.Useful phrases:1.badly off: in a poor position, esp financiallyEg: They are too badly off to have a holiday.In fact most people are better off than they were five years ago.反义:well off2.wonvout1)adj. worn of used until no longer usable or effective2)thoroughly exhausted; spenteg: He wore a pair of worn-out shoes.I was worn-out after the long journey.3.pick out1)to choose or select2)to discern from the surroundings ; distinguisheg: They picked out the best piece of silk・They picked out their cousins from the crowd.4.cut off1)to separate from others; isolate2)to stop suddenly; discontinueeg: When the city was cut off, everyone know that the total defeat was certain.They cut off our food supply.The telephone operator cut us off.Unit 4 Body LanguageWord usage:1.major 1) adj. more important or serious than other things2)v. major in sth. to study sth・ as your main subject at university3)n. a subject you major in.The house needs major repairs・He is a major writer.Her major subject is chemistry.Alice majors in economics・His major is history.2.represent v. 1) to act officially for another person or group of people2)to be a sign for another thing3)to describe or show a person or thing in a particular way They said that they represented the committee.The dove represents peace.What does X represent here?3.curious adj. 1) [never before a noun] eager to know sth. or to learn about sth.2) odd or strangeThe boy was curious about everything he saw.We were curious about where she'd gone・I heard a curious noise last night4.experience 1) n. a) [U] knowledge or skill which comes from doing or feeling sth. for a long time rather than from booksb) [C] sth. that happens to you and has an effect on your mind and feelings2) vt. to feel or to be influenced by sth. that happensShe had no experience of life at all.Have you had any experience of teaching English?Please tell us about your experiences in Africa・I had a rather odd experience the other day.We have experienced many defeats, but we believe that we will succeed・5・ introduce v. make (a person) know to others; bring into useI introduced John to Mary last year, and now they are married.Would you please introduce yourself?Potatoes were introduced into Europe from South America.6・ approach I) vt. come nearer to; set to do2) n. the act of comi ng n earer; accessSilently we approached the enemy?s camp.The time is approaching when we will have to leave・The approach of winter brings cold weather.7.express 1) v匚put into words; show feelings;2) n. fast train or delivery; a rapid, efficient system for the delivery of goods and mailHe can not express how he felt about the matter.Could you express yourself in English?Send the letter by express・& action n. deed or conduct; process of doingActions speak louder than words.We are tired of talking about the problem—now is the time for action・The police had to take firm action to deal with the case.9.general adj・ involving or applying to all persons or things of a group or category; concerning the overallaspects of a subjectThere is a general feeling that this law isn't working properly.The school gives a good general education.Worry about high food prices has now become fairly general.10.avoid v. keep away from; preventI avoided him as much as possible・They all avoided mentioning that name・She braked suddenly and avoided an accident.edy n. amusing play or film; amusing incidentOne of his new comedies is to be presented・Do you prefer comedy or tragedy?There will be a comedy show in TV this evening.12・ misunderstand v. unable to understand the correct meaning; misinterpretHis in tentions were misunderstood ・He misunderstood what I said.They pretended to misunderstand my complaint.13・ similar adj・ showing resemblance; resembling but not the same; of the same kind or amount His problem is similar to yours・My view is similar to hers.They had similar opinion.14. expression n. communication of an idea, emotion, etc.; the manner that expresses feelingI sent them flowers as an expression of thanks・There was no expression on her face."Shut up M is not a polite expression.15・ agreement n. accord or harmony of opinion and way of thinking; treatyMy parents arc in agreement on what color to paint the house.The three sides reached an agreement to stop the war.We are in agreement with their decision.16.chest n. part of the body wrapped by ribs and the breastbone; big strong box for storing things in; treasury of a publicinstitution・He has a severe pain in the chest.He5s got a weak chest.1 keep the tea in a chest.18.gesture n. movement of the body to express an idea, intentions or attitude.v. to make a gesture・We hold a party for our new colleagues as a gesture of friendship・Handshake is a gesture of friendship・She was gesturing so excitedly that I knew something was wrong・19.adult 1) n. group-up or mature person2) adj. grow・up or matureHe'd spent all his adult life in the army.Sam is a rather adult child・In this sense, children and adults have equal rights.20.punish v. to inflict penalty onMotorists should be severely punished for speeding.The teacher punished her students for cheating in the exam・He has never been punished by his parents.Unit 5 Theme parksWord usage:1.theme n. topic of discussion; main idea or topic in literary works, musicalpiece, etc.The main theme of discussion was press censorship.The theme of the poem is love and peace・Our school themes must be written in ink and on white paper.2.amuse v. entertain, make time pass pleasantlyA clowiVs job is to amuse the spectators.It was too rainy to play outside, so she amused herself with a book・He amused himself by playing the flute・3.amusement n. the state of being amused; entertainment, a way of passingtime pleasantlyTo our amusement, the actor jumped on and off the stage.Reading and seeing movies are among my amusements.They often sing for their own amusement.4.variety n. state of being varied or different; many sidedness; collectionof different thingsWhat other ways do you know to add variety?People like to live a life full of variety.He has a variety of interests.5.charge n. price set for getting goods or services; load, duty or responsibilityv. give as a job or task; entrust; blame or accuse by law; record as a debt; fix a price; rush upon or attack; This store often charges only 65 US cents a dozen for large eggs.Please charge my account.They charged the enemy three times.6・ admission n. sth that has been admitted; confession; access; an entrance feeShe has the qualifications for admission to the college.He made an admission that he had used threatening behavior.7. profit n. benefit; advantage; money gained from business, etc.v. to be advantageous to, to obtain profit。
2019人教版高中英语选择性必修四全册重点语法归纳
高中英语选择性必修4重点语法归纳【主谓一致】主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词要保持人称和数的统一，即主语为单数，谓语要用单数形式;主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。
考点一、谓语动词常用单数形式的情况1. 不定代词either，neither，one，the other，anyone，anybody，anything，someone，somebody，something，everyone，everybody，everything，no one，none，nobody，nothing等作主语时。
例如：Nobody is in the room. 没有人在房间里。
2. 由“each / no / every+名词+and +each / no / every+名词”作主语时。
例如：Each boy and each girl was given a gift. 每个男生和女生都被给了一个礼物。
3. 动名词短语、不定式短语作主语时。
例如：Collecting stamps is my hobby. 集邮是我的爱好。
4. many a+单数名词，more than one+单数名词，one and a half后接复数名词作主语时。
例如：Many a student is fond of the book. 许多学生喜欢这本书。
5. 两个单数名词用and 连接，表示一个概念或一个不可分的整体作主语时，如bread and butter，a knife and fork，a needle and thread，coffee and milk，going to bed early and getting up early。
例如：Bread and butter is their daily food. 面包和黃油是他们每天的食物。
6. and连接两个单数名词，名词前只有一个定冠词修饰，指同一个人或事物时。
例如：The teacher and writer is going to attend the meeting. 这个老师兼作家，将要参加这个会议。
人教版高中英语必修4 五个单元语法知识汇总
Unit1 主谓一致Subject—Verb Agreement概念引入：I am a teacherShe often does her homework in the morning.There is only one box on the table.There are 50 students in our class.语法讲解：【直接引语和间接引语 P1】什么是主谓一致？1）语法形式上要一致，即主语单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
一般来说，不可数名词与可数名词单数用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。
如何判定，则要看句子的意思。
多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。
下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。
比如: He are a teacher. I is a student.一、语法一致原则1、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数A student is studying English.Serving the people is my great happiness.When we deliver the goods hasn't been decided.When and where we will go hasn't been decided.但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是“be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。
What you did is right. What you need are these dictionaries.2、复数名词/代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式All the students _____clever. （are）They _____English very much. (like)3、用and或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。
高一英语必修四语法总结(K12教育文档)
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高一英语必修四语法总结重要词汇拓展1 achieve v。
达到,完成，实现→ n。
成就，功绩2 specialist n。
专家,专业工作者→special adj.特殊的，专门的→specialize vi.专攻，专门从事3 connection n。
连接，关系→ v。
连接4organization n.组织，机构,团体 vt。
组织；筹备，成立; 使加入工会，使有条理5behave v。
举止,表现→ n。
行为，举止6worthwhile adj.值得的,值得做的 It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.7。
observe v。
观察，观测，遵守→observation n.观察,观测8. argue 。
v。
争论，辩论→argument n。
争论,辩论 argued—adj 引起争论的9 inspire v.鼓舞，激发→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，有灵感的→inspiring adj。
鼓舞人的→inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感10。
intend v。
计划,打算→intention n.打算，目的,意图11.considerate adj。
考虑周到的→consider v。
考虑，认为→consideration n考虑，体谅12struggle v./n.挣扎,奋斗，努力struggle against struggle for struggle with13. export v。
英语高中人教版必修4知识点总结
人教版英语必修四知识点总结Unit1（一）重点单词1. achievement n. 成就；功绩They are proud of their children’s achievements.他们对于孩子们的成绩感到骄傲。
Although we have made some achievements, we still have a long way to go.虽然我们已经取得了一些成就，但是我们仍然还有很长的路要走。
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.即使是小小的成功也会给你一种成就感。
知识拓展achieve v. (凭长期努力)达到（某目标、地位、标准）；完成He achieved his success after several years’ hard work.经过几年的艰苦工作，他终于成功了。
I have achieved only half of what I had hoped to do.我仅完成了我希望做到的一半。
2. connection n. 连接；关系；联系Do you believe that there is a connection between smoking and a heart disease?你相信吸烟与心脏病有关系吗？The machine won’t work because of a faulty connection.由于一个地方连接不对，机器无法运转。
He asked me many questions in connection with life in Britain.他问了我许多与英国生活有关的问题。
His dismissal has no connection with the quality of his work.他被解雇一事与他的工作质量无关。
知识拓展connect v. 连接；把……联系起来；衔接The two cities are connected by a railway.这两个城市由铁路相连。
新教材人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册全册重点单词短语句型汇总 带答案
新教材人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册全册重点单词短语句型汇总Unit 1 science fictionWords and Phrases1superior adj. _______________________________________[教材原句P6] In scifi stories，robots often become superior and take over.在科幻小说中，机器人通常会变得更高级，并接管一切。
[例1]You're a very superior young woman. 你是一个非常优秀的年轻女性。
[例2]Team 1 was superior in number to Team 2. 第一组在数量上超过了第二组。
[造句]这些新产品远远优于老产品。
The new products are far superior to the old ones.[知识拓展]superior to _______________________________________be superior in _______________________________________be superior to _______________________________________rise superior to _______________________________________2conflict with_______________________________________[教材原句P7] A ROBOT MUST OBEY THE ORDERS GIVEN IT BY HUMAN BEINGS EXCEPT WHERE SUCH ORDERS WOULD CONFLICT WITH THE FIRST LAW.机器人必须服从人类给它的命令，除非这种命令与第一定律相冲突。
人教版高中英语必修 4 unit 4语法精讲精练--- 分词作定语和状语
必修 4 unit 4语法精讲-----分词作定语和状语一、作定语。
单个的分词作定语时放在所修饰词的前面，但是如果修饰some/any/no/every+thing/body/one 或者指示代词those时，分词应在其后。
分词短语作定语时应放在所修饰词的后面。
在用作定语时，分词在意思上接近一个定语从句。
The boring snow made the bored boys go home. (= The snow was boring, so the boys wee bored and went home.)注：现在分词与过去分词都可作定语，但现在分词表达的是正在进行的事情，有主动意义；而过去分词表示的是已完成的事情，有被动意义。
例如：I have no teeth left.Anyone swimming will be punished.The question being discussed in the meeting is very important.There are a lot of fallen leaves on the ground.二、作状语。
分词在句中作状语时表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果或让步等，多置于句首，做伴随状语，多放在后面。
分词用于go doing结构中作目的状语。
分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。
如果与句子主语不一致，那么分词短语就需要有自己的逻辑主语，且要用独立主格结构形式来表达。
①时间状语：分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句。
现在分词作时间状语一般位于句首，表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，有时现在分词前可以加上时间连词。
如果分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，用现在分词的完成体形式。
过去分词作时间状语与谓语动词构成同时性和被动意义。
分词前有时加上时间连词。
Arriving (=When he arrived) at the bus stop, he found his sister there.Waiting (=When I was waiting) to see the doctor, I met with a friend of mine.Having (=When we have) made full preparations, we are ready for an examination.Having (=When he had) finished his homework, he went to bed.After finishing his homework, he went to bed.Seen (=When the town is seen) from the hill, the town looks more beautiful.Locked (=When he was looked) up in the room, he found himself isolated from the outer world.When asked to make a speech, he said he was glad to do so.当请他作演讲时Once recovered, he will go all out to do his work.一旦康复②原因状语：分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句。
人教版高中英语必修4 五个单元语法知识汇总
Unit1 主谓一致Subject—Verb Agreement概念引入：I am a teacherShe often does her homework in the morning.There is only one box on the table.There are 50 students in our class.语法讲解：【直接引语和间接引语 P1】什么是主谓一致？1）语法形式上要一致，即主语单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
一般来说，不可数名词与可数名词单数用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。
在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。
如何判定，则要看句子的意思。
多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。
下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。
比如: He are a teacher. I is a student.一、语法一致原则1、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数A student is studying English.Serving the people is my great happiness.When we deliver the goods hasn't been decided.When and where we will go hasn't been decided.但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是“be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。
What you did is right. What you need are these dictionaries.2、复数名词/代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式All the students _____clever. （are）They _____English very much. (like)3、用and或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。
人教版高一英语必修四unit1第10次课词汇与语法讲义(无答案)
高一英语下第10次课教学目标：1、掌握必修4 Unit1剩余单词及短语2、掌握语法：主谓一致(二)3、综合能力--七选五训练一、单词与词组：1.shade 阴凉处15.sickness 疾病2.worthwhile 值得的16.intend 打算，计划3.nest 巢，窝17.emergency 突发事件4.childhood 童年18.generation 一代，一辈5.outspoken 直言不讳的19.kindness 仁慈，好意6.respect 尊敬的20.considerate 考虑周到的7.argue 争论21.consideration 考虑，体谅8.argument 争论，争辩 22.deliver 递送，接生9.entertainment 款待，激发23.modest 谦虚的10.crowd 人群，观众24.determination 决心，果断11.inspire 鼓励，鼓舞25.inspiration 灵感，鼓舞12.refer 谈到，查阅26.specialize 专攻13.audience 观众27.career 事业，生涯14.rate 比率，速度28.chimp 黑猩猩二、语法：主谓一致（二）意义一致1 当表示时间，距离，价格、度量等的名词作主语时谓语用单数。
Ten years is quite a long time.2 当“the+形容词（过去分词）”指一类人作主语时，谓语用复数。
指个人或抽象概念时，谓语用单数。
The rich live a happy life, while the poor live a hard life.The wounded is our captain.3 当maths(mathematics), politics, physics等学科名词作主语时，谓语用单数，但前有物主代词修饰指某人的某方面时，谓语用复数。
Maths is difficult to learn.His physics are poor.4 用作书名、剧名、报名、国名、地区名称的复数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。
高中必修4语法知识点总结
高中必修4语法知识点总结一、名词名词是指人、事、物或抽象概念的名称。
在句子中，名词可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语等成分。
名词分为专有名词和普通名词。
专有名词用于特定的人、地点或事件，例如：Tom、London、World War II；普通名词用于不特定或泛指的人、事、物，例如：book、girl、dog。
名词的数名词的数有单数和复数之分。
大部分名词加-s或-es变成复数形式；以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，将y变为i，再加-es；以o结尾的名词，加-s成复数；不规则变化的名词需背诵。
名词的所有格名词所有格表示某物属于某人。
一般在名词后面加-’s，如果名词已经以-s结尾，则只需加-’。
例如：Tom’s book、the girls’ dresses。
名词的格名词的格分为主格、宾格和所有格。
主格做主语、宾格做宾语、所有格表示所属关系。
例如：I like playing basketball（主格）；Can you show me your photo?（宾格）；The girl’s dress is red.（所有格）二、代词代词是用来代替名词的词语，分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词等。
人称代词人称代词分为主格和宾格，主格用作主语或表语，宾格用作宾语。
例如：I am a student.（主格）；She helped me.（宾格）物主代词物主代词表示所属关系，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
例如：This is my book.（形容词性物主代词）；The book is mine.（名词性物主代词）反身代词反身代词用于表示动作的施动者也是受动者的情况，例如：He hurt himself in the game.指示代词指示代词用来指向特定的人或物，分为near和far两种情况。
例如：This is my book.（near）；That is my book.（far）疑问代词疑问代词用于疑问句中，表示对人或物的疑问。
高中英语新人教版必修四语法汇总(一二单元)
高中英语必修四语法汇总Unit1 Women of achievement 【重点词汇】1.human beings 人类2.campaign 运动，战役3.behave 行为4.shade 阴凉处5.move off 离开，启程6.observe 观察7.respect 尊重8.argue 讨论，辩论9.lead a...life 过着…的生活10.crowd in 涌入脑海11.support 支持12.look down upon/on 看不起13.refer to 查阅，参考，涉及14.by chance 碰巧e across 偶遇16.intend 计划，打算17.deliver 提送，生（小孩），接生，发表（演说）18.carry on 继续，坚持【重点句型】1.She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.她还发现了黑猩猩之间是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她弄清楚了黑猩猩的社会体系。
△ work out 解决、解答、计算出；产生结果、发展；锻炼；作出、制订出2.She is leading a busy life but she says …她过着忙碌的生活，但是她说……△ lead a …life = live a …life 过……的生活3.Many people look down upon poor people.很多人瞧不起穷人。
△ look down upon / on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起You mustn’t look down upon/ on the disabled.你绝不能瞧不起残疾人。
4.If the word group refers to different members, use a plural verb.如果group（作主语）指的是各个成员，谓语动词用复数。
高一英语必修四语法点总结
高一英语必修四语法点总结Unit 10Lesson 11. determine sthon / upon sth / doing sth 决定...to do sth 决定做某事be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事* adj. determined n. determination2. dream sth up 想入非非dream of / about sthdoing sthnot dream of / about sth /doing sth 无论如何也不做某事dream sth away 虚度（光阴）3. the rest of 其余的...4. concern v. 使烦恼/担忧，涉及n. 担忧/心/be concerned about / for sth 担心某事with sth 涉及，与...有关，参与in sth 与...有牵连，对...负有责任* concern oneself with 忙于，关心5. turn one's back on 不理睬，拒绝6. be pleased to 对...感到高兴/满意7. give away 赠送，泄露，分发8. be aware of sb sth 知道，了解，意识到that-从句9. drop out 退出，退学10 . put off 推迟，取消Lesson 2.1. in order to 为了..2. be ashamed of 为...感到羞愧about / over sb / sth 对...非常热心3. take turns 轮流4. annoy v. 使烦恼be annoyed with sb 对某人生气at / for sth 因某事生气* n.annoyance 恼怒，烦恼adj. annoying 恼人的，烦人的annoyed 感到恼火的，觉得生气的5. be of no use 没有用Lesson 3.1. appeal v. to sb / sth (against sth ) (反对...)向...上诉to sb 吸引某人，引起...兴趣to sb for sth 呼吁某人做某事* adj. appealing 有吸引力的2. agree withto sth / do sthon sth 在...上达成协议3. effect n. 效果，效应put / bring sth into effect 使生效come into effect 生效in effect 有效，实际上have an effect on 对...有影响4. admire v. 赞美，欣赏，敬佩admire sb for sth 因某事钦佩或羡慕某人express admiration for sb 对某人表示敬佩5. play a role in 在...中起作用6. to be exact 准确地说7. make a living 谋生Lesson 4.1. go through 穿过/透，浏览，经历，用完2. It's no bigger than a credit card.*. no + 形容词比较级 + than = as + 形容词比较级 + as3. tire v. 使...疲倦/厌烦be tired of sth / doing sth 对（做）某事感到厌烦out 筋疲力尽from 因...而疲倦4. instead of 代替，而不是5. make up 编造，组成Unit 11.Lesson 1.1. stand for 代表，支持2. be made up of 由...组/构成3. mean to do sth 企图做...sth / doing sth 意味着做...4. demand n. in demand 非常需要的supply and demand 供求meet the demand 满足，要求v. to do sth 要求做...sth of sb 向某人要某物for sb sth (强烈要求）that-从句（虚拟语气）5. prevent/stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止/避免某人免受...的伤害6. escape n. 逃脱v. escape sth / doing sth 逃避/避免（做）某事escape from 从...逃脱出来7. announce sth to do sb 向某人宣告某事that—从句宣布...It is announced that 据宣/公布make an announcement 发布通知，声明8. come down to 归根结底，实质上come across 偶然碰到come to oneself 苏醒过来9. in detail 详细地Lesson 2.1. arise v. 出现，发生arise from 由...产生/引起 = result from* result from + 起因in + 结果2. blame sth on sb 把...归咎于某人sb for sth / doing sth 因...责怪某人*. sb be to blame for sth 某人对某事负责任3. attempt to do sth 试图做... = make a attempt to do sth in a attempt to do sth 有做...的企图attempt at ... 对...的尝试4. in favour of 支持，赞同5. turn to 转向，求助于Lesson 3.1. likely adj. It is likely that.. ...是很有可能的sb / sth be likely to do sth 某人/某事可能...2. consist of 由组/构成（无被动式，无进行式）= be made up ofconsist in =lie in 存在于...with 与...相一致3. apply ... to ... 把..应用到...for sth 申请4. be linked to / with 与...相关联5. stand out 突出，显眼6. suggest v. 建议 doing sthone's doing sththat-从句（虚拟语气：should+动词原形）* 当suggest为暗示、表明时，+ that—从句（陈述语气）7. as well as 也，还有*. A as well as B + 谓语动词（与A一致）8. try to do sth 试图做某事doing sth 尝试做某事9. the way to do sthof doing sth10. be used to 习惯于11. aim to 目的是12. comment adj. 常见的，共同的in comment 共有comment on sth 对...发表评论，提出评论on comment 无可奉告Lesson 4.1. as long as 只要2. conclude v. sth 做出结论，下结论that-从句n. conclusion 结论，结尾in conclusion 总之，最后draw / come to conclusion 得出结论3. consideration 不可n，考虑；可n ，要考虑的事under consideration 在考虑之中take sth into consideration 考虑（某事）show consideration for sb 关心/体贴某人4. in the way 挡到，阻碍on the way 在...的路上in a way 在某种程度上by the way 顺便说5. get stuck in 陷入6. help sb out ( of sth ) 帮助...摆脱困难7. more than 多于，非常，与其...不如 ...8. go ahead 继续做，开始做某事9. in my opinion 在我看来Unit 12.Lesson 1.1. owe sb sth 欠某人某物sth to sb / sth 归功于... 归咎于...2. absorb v. 吸引，理解be absorb in = be buried in = be lost in 全神贯注于... 集中精力于...absorb / draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意力3. brief adj. 短暂的，简短的in brief 简而言之to be brief 简单地说4. expectation n. 期待，期望expect to do sthsb to do sthtoo much of sb 对某人期望过高sth from sb / sth5. exchange v. exchange sth with sb 和某人交换某物information交流信息n. in exchange for 用...交换make an exchange 交换6. advise doing sthsb to do sth7. risk v. doing sth 冒着...危险n. at risk 处于危险之中at any risk 无论冒什么险at the risk of doing sth 冒着...的危险risk one's life 冒着某人的生命危险run / take risk 冒风险8. the majority of + n 大多数...9. get / be used to doing sth 习惯于做...used to do sth 过去常常做...10. even if 即使11. be different from 与...不同12. laugh at 嘲笑Lesson 2.1. would rather do sth 宁可... 宁愿...do sth than do sth 与其...不如...that-从句2. not a bit = not at all 一点也不3. request n. at the request of sb = at sb's request 依照某人的请求v. sb to do sth 请求某人做某事sth from sb 向某人要求某物that sb （should） do sth 要求某人做某事4. manners n. 礼貌，规矩in the manner of 用...的方式in a ... manner 以一种...方式all manners of 各种各样的5. give sb a lift 给...搭车，搭便车6. catch up with 赶上7. pick up 用车接...8. drop off 让...下车Lesson 3.1. familiar adj. 熟悉的，常见的sb be familiar with sth 某人熟悉某物sth to sb 某物为某人所熟悉2. have a difficult (hard) time (in) doing sth3. was / were doing sth whenabout to do sth when4. stare at 盯着看 * glave at 怒目而视5. sound like 听起来像6. the last time7. insist on doing sth 坚持做+ that-从句坚持，认为（已做）陈述语气坚持，要求（未做）虚拟语气8. see sb off 为/给..送行see after 照顾to 注意，负责through 识破，看穿9. keep on doingdoing (反复性）10. work v. 起作用，（机器...）运转，进展顺利out of work 失业work at 从事...work out 解决，计算出work on 工作，从事...Lesson 4.1. belong to 属于，适应 * （belong作不及物v，不用于被动、进行时态，不可直接接宾语）2. contrary adj. 与...相反的be contrary to 与...相反on the contrary 相反的to the contrary 相反地3. forgive v. 原谅，宽恕forgive sb for （doing） sth 原谅某人（做）错了...forgive sb sth 原谅某人某事4. attach v. 喜欢，依恋，系，固定be attached to 热爱，依恋，附属于attach ...to ... 附上，连接，系上，把...归于...attach ...to sth 认为某事...attach oneself to 依附... 参加5. be fond of 爱好，喜欢6. take ... seriously 认真对待7. That's why ... 那是...的原因8. look out for 注意，当心9. addition n. 增加之物/人in addition 此外in addition to 除...之外10. contrast n. 对比，相比v. 对比by contrast 与之对比in (sharp) contrast to 和...形成(鲜明)对比11. at the beginning of 在...开头at the beginning 从一开始，从头in the beginning 在开始时，起初12. bring an end to 使...结束，终止。
人教版英语必修四unit4知识点以及相应练习(超级好)
Unit 4Body language[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]1.major adj.主要的2._cheek n. 面颊3.approach vt.& vi. 接近；靠近；走近n. 接近；方法；途径4.represent vt. 代表；象征5.function n. 作用；功能；职能vi. 起作用；运转6.ease n. 安逸；舒适vt. 减轻(痛苦、忧虑)7.facial adj.面部的→face n．脸；面容8.statement n．陈述；说明→state vt.陈述；说明9.association n．社团；联系；联想→associate vt.把……联系起来10.curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心11.defend vt.保护；保卫→defence n．防御；保卫12.misunderstand vt.误解；误会→misunderstanding n．误解；误会13.speak v．说话；演讲→spoken adj.口语的→unspoken adj.未说出口的；非口语的14.truly adv.真实地；真诚地；真正地→true adj.真实的→truth n．真理15.anger n．怒气；怒火→angry adj.生气的16.greet vi.& vt.迎接；问候→greeting n．迎接；问候；招呼用所给词的适当形式填空1.One’s (face)expression may tell you some ofhis/her inner feelings.2.The teacher often asks us tomake use of every chance we getto improve our (speak)English.3.Hearing what her children said,the mother burst into (angry)．4.He the other day that the__________ was not made byhim.(state)5.If you somebody, it’slikely to lead toa .(misunderstand)6.In time of war, lots of moneywill be spent on _____ and manymeasures will be taken to acountry from beingattacked.(defend)7.The boy looked at the box______ and then he opened it outof .(curious)8.To tell you the ，I’m trulygrateful for your helping me makemy dream come ______.(true)1.表示“主要的；首要的”的形容词一览①major主要的；重要的②main 主要的③primary 主要的；首要的④principal 主要的；首要的⑤chief 首要的2.常见“人体部位及器官”名词荟萃①cheek脸颊②forehead 额头③chest 胸部④shoulder 肩膀⑤throat 喉咙⑥tongue 舌头⑦lung 肺⑧liver 肝脏3.“方法”种种(1)做某事的方法①the approach to doing sth.②the way to do/of doing sth.③the means of doing sth.④the method of doing sth.(2)用这种方法①in this way②by this means③with this method[写得准] [用得活] 1.defend_..._against 防御；保卫……以免受2.on_the_contrary 相反地3.at_ease 舒适；快活；自由自在4.turn_one’s_back_to 背对；背弃5.as_well_as_ 和……一样好；而且；也；和6.be_likely_to 很可能……；有希望……7.in_general 总的来说；通常8.lose_face 丢脸9.as_if 好像10.put_up 举起；升起；搭建；留宿选用左栏短语填空1.Before the interview, the interviewer wore a bright smile on his face, putting us at_ease.2.Turning_his_back_to_ one of his friends made him lose all his friends.3.Thinking about the fact that I was not prepared well enough, and not wanting to lose_face,_I gave up the plan.4.In_general,_the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.[单词集成训练]Ⅰ.基础点全练单句语法填空1．Much to his delight, the top student will represent his school (make) a speech at the meeting.2．During World War Ⅱ，when London was bombed, many underground stations functioned ______ shelters.3．It is good to be curious the world around you because I think curiosity is the best teacher.4．The moment she saw her mother, she gave her _big hug.5．Parents, of course, will do everything they could to defend their children harm.6．Shandong Province produced 50 million pounds of apples this year, (rank) second in China.[短语句型集成训练]Ⅰ.基础点全练1．单句语法填空/补全句子①Studies show that people are more likely (suffer) from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.②general, traffic accidents may happen at a crossroads.③It was quite wrong of him to turn his back his friends when they were in trouble.④It’s too late. Can I put at your home for a night?⑤They were afraid of risking failure because they didn’t_want_to_lose_face (不想丢脸)．⑥His mind was (放松) and he felt confident in the future.3．运用所学短语完成下列语段Body language is a way of communication. ①In_general (总的来说), people from different cultures have different ways to greet each other. For example, when we nod at somebody we mean we ②agree_with (同意) his or her opinion. But in some countries, ③on_the_contrary (相反地), nodding one’s head means disagreement. As a result, they ④are_likely_to (可能) have misunderstanding when communicating. So when abroad, we should know we ⑤represent_our_country (代表着我们的祖国) and try not to ⑥lose_face (丢脸); while at home,we should try to put foreigners ⑦at_ease (放松；自在)．Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Being_misunderstood (misunderstand) by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.2．All the approaches the airport were blocked by the police.3．The doctor will give you some medicine (ease) your pain.4．My sister is in Shandong University, (major) in English literature.5．The kitchen is often the busiest room in a household; it’s important (function) properly.6．If I have any further news, you will be the first person (know)．7．When you are playing, watch your tone of voice and (face) expression.8．Soon afterwards he made his first public (state) about the affair.9．She is not an outgoing person and she doesn’t let anyone know what she truly (true) felt.10．(face) with such a difficult task, he turned to his parents for help.Ⅱ.单句改错1．A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and approached to our table2．We’re trying to raise awareness about the environment in generally and air pollution in particular._3．Nurses do all they can to make patients feel with ease.4．Wang Yaping has become the second Chinese woman astronaut work in space.5．People gathered round, curiously to know what was happening.6．He didn’t participate in the oral competitio n，because he didn’t want to lose a face.Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成下列写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文Some believe that money is the only □1approach_to (……的途径) being happy, and they □2are_curious_about (对……好奇) how the billionaires earn so much money. ①And some think that if health is gone, they □3are_likely_to_lose_everything (可能会失去一切). Some think feeling comfortable is the most important.Still others believe that money is dignity.They think if they don’t have a lot of money, they will □4lose_face (丢脸). ②They think the first thing that they should consider is to earn enough money.In my opinion, money can’t □5represent_happiness (代表幸福), while being at ease will take away your ambition.In a word, I think health is of great importance.阅读理解·组块专练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AMy grandfather died more than twenty-five years ago. I was fifteenthen. He was kind, strong, fair, and very funny. When I was a youngmusician, hewas my biggest fan. I played my violin for him when he visited,and he loved everything, but each time he had one request. “Could youplay Amazing Grace？” he asked, full of hope and with a twinkle in hiseye, because he knew my answer was always, “I don’t know that one！”We went through this routine at ever y major holiday, and I always figured I’d have time to learn itfor him later.About the time I entered high school and started guitar, Grandpa got cancer. The last time Isaw him alive was Thanksgiving weekend in 1985. My mom warned us that Grandpa didn’t look the same anymore and that we should prepare ourselves. For a moment I didn’t recognize him. He looked so small among all the white sheets. We had all gathered in Ohio for the holiday, and I’m sure we all knew we were there to say good-bye. I can see now that Grandpa held on long enough to see us each one more time. I remember how we ate in the dining room and laughed and talked while Grandpa rested in his hospital bed. I wonder if it was sad for him to be alone with our voices and laughter.Knowing Grandpa, he was probably content.The next morning I found my moment alone with him. I pulled out my guitar, tuned to his appreciative gaze, and finally played for him Amazing Grace. I had worked on it for weeks, knowing it never mattered whether I actually played it well and choosing not to believe as I played that it was my last concert for my biggest fan. The cancer had stolen his smile, but I saw joy in his eyes. He held my hand afterward, and I knew I had done something important.I argued with people all through college about my music major. I was told by strangers that music wouldn’t make me any money and it wasn’t useful like being a doctor. But I know first-hand that with music I was able to give my grandpa something at a point when no one else could.1．At first the author didn’t play Amazing Grace for Grandpa because ________.A．she hadn’t learned it yetB．she found it difficult to playC．she disliked playing itD．her grandfather was just joking2．From the last sentence in Paragraph 2 we can infer that Grandpa ________.A．treasured love from familyB．was used to living aloneC．was too weak to feel anythingD．was optimistic about his health3．When the author finally played Amazing Grace for Grandpa, she________.A．made him smile joyfullyB．knew she must play it wellC．brought him love and comfortD．believed she could play it many times for himBA recent survey in the United States showed that the average familyspent more money on its pets than on its children. Although rathershocking, it should not surprise anyone who has seen the doggy parlors(客厅) where loved pets rest. Are Americans unique in treating theirlittle friends in this way? No, the English, too, pay more attention totheir pets.This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods, which often contain more vitamins than human food. They certainly cost much. Last year the British public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of veterinary bills or animal furniture. It is difficult not to feel angry about this when considering what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty, so it is not unusual for me to_get_hot_under_collar_when I read an old man left all his money to his dog instead of his children.There are a variety of reasons why I find pets-raising alarming. They cause physical problems. An example of this is New York where they have great difficulty getting rid of the mess that dogs leave on the streets. Many people find this funny, but in a number of large cities it is a major problem. Animals can cause disease, too. It is the threat of rabies — a disease with no known cure.Another problem is the carelessness of pet owners. Most little children want a dog or a cat, and they continually push their mothers and fathers until they get on e. It is only when the “sweet little thing” has been brought home that the parents realize how much time and money must be spent on “Rover” or “Bonzo”. Then they just abandon it. As a result, they are allowed to run free. English farmers lose hundreds of s heep a year, killed by someone’s pet and you must have read of children being hurt by some pets of their own.Lastly, I would only suggest that we have got our priorities wrong and that something should be done about it. In my view, it’s time we stopped be ing sentimental about pets. I can see no reason why we should get upset when animals are cut up for medical experiments. This will lead us to discover cures for serious human diseases, and then I say, “Keep cutting！”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。
新人教版book4 重要知识点及练习
必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement知识点讲解1. achievev. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。
n. achievement，意为“成就；功绩”; a sense of achievement “成就感”。
如：He had finally achieved success.Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.2. conditionn. “环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。
如：We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.My car is old but in good condition.He is overweight and out of condition.(condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在……条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。
如：I will come on condition that Peter is invited.They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.3. devotevt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。
新人教版高一英语必修四Unit 3 语法讲解+练习 ppt课件
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二. 动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动
词只能后接动名词作宾语；二是有些动
词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾
语。
① 只能后接动名词作宾语的动词, 常见的
有avoid, consider, enjoy, keep, finish,
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1) I remember posting the letter． 我记得我已把信寄了。
2) I’ll remember to post the letter． 我会记着去寄信的。
one special friend? 3) 我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。
We must try to a_v_o_i_d__re_p_e_a_t_i_n_g the
same mistake．
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4) 晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?
Do youf_e_e_l _li_k_e_h_a_v_i_n_g__a_w_a_l_k_ with
②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动 名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式 有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些 形容词或少数名词，如useful， useless，good，fun；no use，worth 等。如：
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2) 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。 ____I_t_is__u_s_el_e_s_s_a_r_g_u_i_n_g___ with Shylock．
6. He admitted taking the money. 他承认钱是他拿的。
7. I couldn’t help laughing. 我禁不住笑了起来。
高中英语新课标人教必修四语法
A. smiling
B. smiled
C. smile
D. to smile
第12页/共19页
第十三页，共19页。
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以 (kěyǐ)填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Don’t leave the water _______ while you
brush your teeth.
第8页/共19页
第九页，共19页。
We heard her singing in her room. 我们听见她在房间里唱歌。 I smell something burning. The teacher caught the boy cheating. He kept them working all day. 他让他们(tā men)整天干活。
We heard her singing in her room.
第1页/共定语(dìngyǔ) a walking stick 拐杖 a smoking room 吸烟室 a sleeping bag睡袋 a writing desk 写字台 writing paper 书写用纸 drinking water饮用水 a washing machine 洗衣机 a reading room sleeping pills a swimming pool a dancing hall
hospital.
A. hurry
B. hurrying
6. DCo.ytoouhkunrorwy the boy ___D__. _h_ururniedder the
big tree?
A. lay
B. lain
C. laying
D. lying
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高中英语必修四语法总结重要词汇拓展1 achieve v.达到，完成，实现→n.成就，功绩2 specialist n.专家，专业工作者→special adj.特殊的，专门的→specialize vi.专攻，专门从事3 connection n.连接，关系→v.连接4organization n.组织，机构，团体vt.组织;筹备, 成立; 使加入工会，使有条理5behave v.举止，表现→n.行为，举止6worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.7. observe v.观察，观测，遵守→observation n.观察，观测8. argue .v.争论，辩论→argument n.争论，辩论argued-adj 引起争论的9 inspire v.鼓舞，激发→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人的→inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感10.intend v.计划，打算→intention n.打算，目的，意图11.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider v.考虑，认为→consideration n考虑，体谅12struggle v./n.挣扎，奋斗，努力struggle against struggle for struggle with13. export v.输出，出口n.输出（品）→import v.输入，进口n.进口（品）14.confuse v.使迷惑，使为难→confused adj.感到迷惑的confusing adj.令人迷惑的15 regret v./n.后悔，遗憾→regretful adj.后悔的，遗憾的16.focus v. 集中，聚焦，n 焦点，中心点17. reduce v.减少，缩减→reduction n.减少，缩减18 comment n./v.评论，议论19 entertain vt/vi 使快乐，款待→n. 款待，娱乐20 feel with 对…满足语法剖析（主谓一致）主谓一致，指人称和数方面的一致关系。
分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致。
(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数。
以下为注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(像), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数。
如: Air as well as water matter.空气和水都是物质。
No one except two servants late for the dinner.2. and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数。
如:The poet and writer come.那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw useful tools.锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如: knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people my great happiness.When we’ll go out for an outing been decided.4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.Each man and (each) woman asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。
5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如: Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。
6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。
如:Many a boy （likes /like）playing basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球. More than one student （was/were）late.不只一个学生迟到7. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名，书名,等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
8. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词”等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only one and a half apples （is/are）left on the table.(二) 内容一致原则:1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:The rest of the bikes are on sale today.剩下的自行车，今天出售。
60%of the apple （was/were）eaten by little boy.这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。
Most of the apples （was/were）rotten.大部分的苹果都是烂的。
2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:A part of the textbooks （has/have）arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。
A part of the apple（has/have）been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。
3. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如:The injured (was/were) saved after the fire.(三) 就近原则1. 由here, there, where等引导的倒装句中,谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了.2. 用连词or, either.... or, neither….nor, not only….but also等连接的并列主语如：Neither the students nor the teacher(know /knows )anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事.注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。
如：Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。
The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。
Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。
语法剖析（非谓语动词---动词的-ing形式作主语和宾语）(书本)一、动词-ing形式作主语●动词-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性和习惯性的动作，谓语用单数形式。
例如：Listening to music is my sister’s hobby.●动词-ing形式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。
常用的结构：1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing例如：It is no use crying over spilt milk.二、动词-ing形式作宾语●动词-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，又可作介词的宾语。
1. 以下动词或短语只接动词-ing形式作宾语：admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词;can’t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。
2. 在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动词-ing形式作宾语：be / get used to, look forward to, devote…to, pay attention to, object to等。
3. 下列动词或短语既可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义不同：●下列几组词接动词-ing形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：forget ，remember ，mean ，can’t help doing / (to) do 不能帮忙做三、动词-ing的复合结构动词-ing的复合结构即：物主代词或名词所有格+ 动词-ing。
如：Lucy’s turning up surprised everyone present.Would you mind my / me using your mobile phone?习题1.Taking pictures___ very interesting. （be ）2.We are considering ________ a trip around the island.（take）3.He is such a strange person; there’s _____ what he’ll do next.（know）4.Jack saw a woman ______ near the dog , so he walked up to her.（stand）5.37.Animals can do many amazing things when properly___.（train）6.._ __ the way to take, the traveller went on his journey.（Have ，tell）7.When you find something in your writing that needs _____ , you should mark iton the paper.. （correct）8.Thousands of products ____ from coal are now in daily use. （make）9..Engines(发动机) are machines ___ power or motion. （produce）10.I hope you don’t mind ____ at your newspaper.（look）11.。