电气工程专业英语+unt1演示课件
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电气工程专业英语+unt1演示课件
Two or more elements are in series （串联）if they are cascaded or connected sequentially （接顺序连接）and consequently carry the same current（流过相同电流）.
Two or more elements are in parallel （并联）if they are connected to the same two nodes and consequently
have the same voltage across them①.
Note:①：voltage across them表示关于两节点之间的电压， “them”指代“two nodes ”。
12
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
Elements may be connected in a way that they are either in series or in parallel. In the circuit shown in Fig.1.1, the voltage source and the 5Ω resistor are in series because the same current will flow through ①them.
Since the elements of an electric circuit can be
interconnected in several ways, we need to understand
some basic concepts of network topology. To differentiate between a circuit and ①a network,
Two or more elements are in parallel （并联）if they are connected to the same two nodes and consequently
have the same voltage across them①.
Note:①：voltage across them表示关于两节点之间的电压， “them”指代“two nodes ”。
12
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
Elements may be connected in a way that they are either in series or in parallel. In the circuit shown in Fig.1.1, the voltage source and the 5Ω resistor are in series because the same current will flow through ①them.
Since the elements of an electric circuit can be
interconnected in several ways, we need to understand
some basic concepts of network topology. To differentiate between a circuit and ①a network,
Unit 1电气设备概述英文版
Unit 1
Fundamentals of Power Plants and Substations
电厂和变电站基础
1
1 Introduction of Power Plants and Substations电 厂和变电站介绍
1.1 Power systems电力系统 Components of power systems电力系统的组成部分: • Power plants电厂 • Transmission lines 输电线路 • Substations变电站 • Electricity users电力用户 A simple power sythe principles of protection and control.
The secondary electrical connection for circuit breaker control in
a power plant is given here.
13
14
END OF UNIT 1
15
8
(3) Devices for fault-current limit and over-voltage release, such as HV reactors, lightning arresters, etc. (4) Grounding devices, including the devices for operation grounding and protection grounding, such as grounding plates, grounding networks, etc. (5) Current-carrying conductors, such as busbars, cables, etc. Definition of Secondary equipment: The equipment used for measuring, controlling, monitoring and protecting of the primary equipment, usually with low voltages.
Fundamentals of Power Plants and Substations
电厂和变电站基础
1
1 Introduction of Power Plants and Substations电 厂和变电站介绍
1.1 Power systems电力系统 Components of power systems电力系统的组成部分: • Power plants电厂 • Transmission lines 输电线路 • Substations变电站 • Electricity users电力用户 A simple power sythe principles of protection and control.
The secondary electrical connection for circuit breaker control in
a power plant is given here.
13
14
END OF UNIT 1
15
8
(3) Devices for fault-current limit and over-voltage release, such as HV reactors, lightning arresters, etc. (4) Grounding devices, including the devices for operation grounding and protection grounding, such as grounding plates, grounding networks, etc. (5) Current-carrying conductors, such as busbars, cables, etc. Definition of Secondary equipment: The equipment used for measuring, controlling, monitoring and protecting of the primary equipment, usually with low voltages.
电气工程及其自动化专业英语ppt课件
seen, increase of current from zero to
I≈I1 causes the terminal voltage of the source to decrease linearly
V12=V=E－VS=E－RSI
Fig.1.3
In other words, the voltage drop VS across the source resistance rises in proportion to the current. This goes on until
电气工程及其自动化专业英语
Specialized English for Electrical Engineering ＆ Its Automation 戴文进 主 编 杨植新 副主编
1
Contents
• Part 1 Electrics and Electronics • Part 2 Electric Machinery • Part 3 Electrical Engineering • Part 4 Modern Computer Control
• When a load is connected to the source terminals (the circuit is then said to be loaded) and the circuit is closed, a current begins to flow round it. Now the voltage between source terminals 1 and 2 (called the terminal voltage) is not equal to its e.m.f. because of the voltage drop VS inside the source, that is, across the source resistance RS VS=RSI
电气工程专业英语unt
Note:①：回路是一个闭合的路径，它是从一个节点开 始，经过若干节点，再回到起始节点，任意一个节点只经 过一次。
A loop is said to be （可认为是）independent if it contains a branch which is not in any other loop.
The two circuits in Fig.1.1 and Fig.1.2 are identical.
However, for the sake of clarity②, nodes b and c are spread out ③with perfect conductors as in Fig.1.2.
Notice that the three points that form node b ① are connected by perfectly conducting wires and therefore constitute a single point.
Note:① "three points that form node b "表示"形成节点
Two or more elements are in series （串联）if they are cascaded or connected sequentially （接顺序连接）and consequently carry the same current（流过相同电流）.
Two or more elements are in parallel （并联）if they are connected to the same two nodes and consequently
abca ，意为包含2Ω电阻的闭合路径abca。
A loop is said to be （可认为是）independent if it contains a branch which is not in any other loop.
The two circuits in Fig.1.1 and Fig.1.2 are identical.
However, for the sake of clarity②, nodes b and c are spread out ③with perfect conductors as in Fig.1.2.
Notice that the three points that form node b ① are connected by perfectly conducting wires and therefore constitute a single point.
Note:① "three points that form node b "表示"形成节点
Two or more elements are in series （串联）if they are cascaded or connected sequentially （接顺序连接）and consequently carry the same current（流过相同电流）.
Two or more elements are in parallel （并联）if they are connected to the same two nodes and consequently
abca ，意为包含2Ω电阻的闭合路径abca。
电气工程专业英语+unt1参考文档
Unit 1 Fundamentals of Electronic Circuits
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory 1.2 Analog and Digital Circuits 1.3 Three-Phase Circuits 1.4 Further Reading
Notice that the three points that form node b ① are connected by perfectly conducting wires and therefore constitute a single point.
Note:① "three points that form node b "表示"形成节点
b的3个点".此句可译为:注意到形成节点b的3个点是通过理
elements or devices, whereas a circuit is a network
providing one or more closed paths③.
Note：②：regard … as表示“把…认为” NNoottee：：③①：：pdrioffveirtfherse为ntiate nbeettwwoerekn的A后an置d 定B表语示。区分A和B；To differentiate between a circuit and a network是目的状语从句.
series
n. 连续；系列；级数；串联
parallel
adj. 平行的；并联的 n. 平行线；平
行面；v. 相应；平行
impedance
n. [电]阻抗；全电阻；[物]阻抗
theorem
n. [数]定理；法则
最新电气工程专业英语实用教程-1(共21张PPT)精品课件
接得到的电阻是1/（1/10+1/22+1/47）=5.997欧姆。
第十四页，共二十一页。
参考 译文 (cānkǎo)
2．电阻和功率 下面讨论电阻器的功率性能。在电炉灶面、烤箱、电暖炉、 电水壶和烘箱上设置电阻器，其目的是利用它处理和消耗很大的 功率。这些电器都是根据某些物质的这一功率性能而制成。 从欧姆定理(dìnglǐ)我们知道：P=I*I*R，即功率等于电流的平 方乘以电阻。上面例子中，三个电阻器串联得到79欧姆电阻器， 如果在它们上面加上24伏特电压，从欧姆定理就可知流过的总电 流：I=V/R=24/79=0.304安培。 用任何功率公式我们都可以确定0.304安培的电流流过79欧 姆的电阻总共要消耗7.3瓦特的能量！而且，当电阻器上的电阻大 小不等时，电阻越大，消耗的能量也就越多。
第七页，共二十一页。
Notes
[2] Resistors which are deliberately designed to handle and radiate large amounts of power are electric cooktops, ovens, radiators, electric jugs and toasters. 本句的主语是Resistors，定语从句“which are deliberately designed to handle and radiate large amounts of power”修饰Resistors。在该定语从句中，to
handle and radiate large amounts of power是一个动词不定式短语，做目的 (mùdì)状语，修饰谓语are designed。
第八页，共二十一页。
Notes
第十四页，共二十一页。
参考 译文 (cānkǎo)
2．电阻和功率 下面讨论电阻器的功率性能。在电炉灶面、烤箱、电暖炉、 电水壶和烘箱上设置电阻器，其目的是利用它处理和消耗很大的 功率。这些电器都是根据某些物质的这一功率性能而制成。 从欧姆定理(dìnglǐ)我们知道：P=I*I*R，即功率等于电流的平 方乘以电阻。上面例子中，三个电阻器串联得到79欧姆电阻器， 如果在它们上面加上24伏特电压，从欧姆定理就可知流过的总电 流：I=V/R=24/79=0.304安培。 用任何功率公式我们都可以确定0.304安培的电流流过79欧 姆的电阻总共要消耗7.3瓦特的能量！而且，当电阻器上的电阻大 小不等时，电阻越大，消耗的能量也就越多。
第七页，共二十一页。
Notes
[2] Resistors which are deliberately designed to handle and radiate large amounts of power are electric cooktops, ovens, radiators, electric jugs and toasters. 本句的主语是Resistors，定语从句“which are deliberately designed to handle and radiate large amounts of power”修饰Resistors。在该定语从句中，to
handle and radiate large amounts of power是一个动词不定式短语，做目的 (mùdì)状语，修饰谓语are designed。
第八页，共二十一页。
Notes
电气专业外语1.ppt
▪ 14．valence shell
▪ 15．silicon
▪ 16．germanium
发电厂(e.g) n. 电流 n. 导体 n. 绝缘体 n. 半导体
价电子层
n. 硅
n. 锗
8
Chapter 1 Celenium
n. 硒
▪ 18．voltage
1
Telerobotic and Biorobotic Systems Group, University of Alberta, Canada
本课程介绍
Why? 本科毕业设计要用；找工作时要用；硕士博 士阶段要用。
Objects? 能看懂与本专业相关的一些英文资料；（读） 能用本专业相关英文进行科技论文写作；（写） 能用本专业相关英文进行学术交流。（听、说）
2
本课程介绍
学时：32学时 作业：很少量 成绩评定：期末70%,平时成绩20%，考勤10%。
特别提醒： 抽查点名时缺席的，考勤一次扣5分！！
3
本课程介绍
使用教材：《电气工程与自动化专业英语》，王 伟等编，机械工业出版社(2010)
参考教材： 【1】《自动化专业英语》，王军等主编，重庆
大学出版社（2010） 【2】《电气工程及其自动化专业英语》，戴文
主讲教师介绍 Xia Liu, Ph.D. In 2009-2010, she was awarded a scholarship by China Scholarship Council (CSC) to visit University of Alberta, Canada. Xia’s research interests are control of nonlinear systems, especially adaptive control of teleoperation systems.
▪ 15．silicon
▪ 16．germanium
发电厂(e.g) n. 电流 n. 导体 n. 绝缘体 n. 半导体
价电子层
n. 硅
n. 锗
8
Chapter 1 Celenium
n. 硒
▪ 18．voltage
1
Telerobotic and Biorobotic Systems Group, University of Alberta, Canada
本课程介绍
Why? 本科毕业设计要用；找工作时要用；硕士博 士阶段要用。
Objects? 能看懂与本专业相关的一些英文资料；（读） 能用本专业相关英文进行科技论文写作；（写） 能用本专业相关英文进行学术交流。（听、说）
2
本课程介绍
学时：32学时 作业：很少量 成绩评定：期末70%,平时成绩20%，考勤10%。
特别提醒： 抽查点名时缺席的，考勤一次扣5分！！
3
本课程介绍
使用教材：《电气工程与自动化专业英语》，王 伟等编，机械工业出版社(2010)
参考教材： 【1】《自动化专业英语》，王军等主编，重庆
大学出版社（2010） 【2】《电气工程及其自动化专业英语》，戴文
主讲教师介绍 Xia Liu, Ph.D. In 2009-2010, she was awarded a scholarship by China Scholarship Council (CSC) to visit University of Alberta, Canada. Xia’s research interests are control of nonlinear systems, especially adaptive control of teleoperation systems.
电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一单元课件
AC and DC electricity
AC (Alternating Current): The flow of electricity in which the direction of current changes periodically.
DC (Direct Current): The flow of electricity in which the direction of current remains constant.
02
Basic knowledge of electrical engineering
Basic concepts of circuits
Circuit
A closed path that allows current to flow.
Series and parallel circuits
Series circuits have current flow in the same direction, while parallel circuits have current flow in opposite directions.
Over time, Electrical Engineering and Automation has evolved to include a wide range of sub-fields, including power engineering, control systems, robotics, and more.
Computer control systems can be used for a wide range of applications, including industrial manufacturing, process control, aviation, and more.
电气工程专业英语课件
3
数字革命
20世纪计算机技术的快速发展催生了数字电子技术的兴起，电气工程逐渐与信息技术融合，引领 了新一轮科技革命。
电气工程中的基础概念和术语
1 电流和电压
电流是电子在导体中流动的电荷量，电压是电荷之间的电势差。电流和电压是电路中最 基本的概念。
2 电阻和电导
电阻是电流在导体中受到的阻碍，电导是电流在导体中的容易通过程度。电阻和电导是 电路中控制电流流动的要素。
3 电路和电子元件
电路是由电子元件（如电阻器、电容器和电感器）连接在一起形成的，用于传输和控制 电流的路径。
电路和电子元件的原理和应用
放大和滤波
放大电路用于增强信号的幅度， 滤波电路用于去除噪音和干扰， 确保信号的质量。
数字和模拟
数字电路处理离散的数字信号， 模拟电路处理连续的模拟信号。 两者都在电气工程中具有重要 的应用。
行业前景
电气工程在现代社会中的需求不断 增长。随着能源和环境问题的不断 引起关注，电气工程师在可再生能 源、智能电网和电动交通等领域的 发展前景非常广阔。
电气工程的历史和发展
1
电学的起源
电学的研究起源于古希腊时期，人们开始探索静电现象和电子运动的基本原理。
2
工业革命时期
19世纪工业革命带来了电气工程的飞速发展。电力系统的建立和电机的发明，为现代社会奠定了 基础。
电气系统设计和优化
1
方案设计
2
设计者根据需求分析的结果，制定合适的电
气系统设计方案，并考虑成本、可行性和效
率等因素。
3
需求分析
设计者通过分析用户需求和系统要求来确定 电气系统的功能和性能指标。
优化调试
设计者对电气系统进行调试和优化，以确保 系统的稳定运行和满足设计要求。
电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一单元课件
interface circuit 接口电路
equivalent circuit 等效电路 electronic circuit 电子线路，电子电路 digital circuit 数字电路 circuit diagram 电路图；线路图 closed circuit 闭合线路，闭合电路 drive circuit 驱动电路；激励电路 magnetic circuit 磁路 analog circuit 模拟电路；类比电路
电压和电流是电路里的两个基本概念，他们描述了电路中的 各种关系.
Section 1 Current and Voltage
We know from elementary physics that all matter is made of fundamental building blocks known as atoms and that each atom consists of electrons, protons, and neutrons.
电流方向和电压极性决定了功率符号。因此，需要关注图 （1-3)a中电压u与电流i的关系。
Grammar Features
语法特点
客观性（Objective）、准确性（accuracy）和精练 (conciseness)。
(1) 广泛使用被动语态
(2) 广泛使用非谓语形式 (3) 省略句使用频繁 (4) It句型和祈使句使用频繁 (5) 复杂长句使用频繁
power n. 功率；力量；能力；政权；势力；[数] 幂 vt. 激励；供以动力；使…有力量 vi. 快速前进 adj. 借影响有权势人物以操纵权力的 (physics) the rate of doing work; measured in watts (= joules/second)
equivalent circuit 等效电路 electronic circuit 电子线路，电子电路 digital circuit 数字电路 circuit diagram 电路图；线路图 closed circuit 闭合线路，闭合电路 drive circuit 驱动电路；激励电路 magnetic circuit 磁路 analog circuit 模拟电路；类比电路
电压和电流是电路里的两个基本概念，他们描述了电路中的 各种关系.
Section 1 Current and Voltage
We know from elementary physics that all matter is made of fundamental building blocks known as atoms and that each atom consists of electrons, protons, and neutrons.
电流方向和电压极性决定了功率符号。因此，需要关注图 （1-3)a中电压u与电流i的关系。
Grammar Features
语法特点
客观性（Objective）、准确性（accuracy）和精练 (conciseness)。
(1) 广泛使用被动语态
(2) 广泛使用非谓语形式 (3) 省略句使用频繁 (4) It句型和祈使句使用频繁 (5) 复杂长句使用频繁
power n. 功率；力量；能力；政权；势力；[数] 幂 vt. 激励；供以动力；使…有力量 vi. 快速前进 adj. 借影响有权势人物以操纵权力的 (physics) the rate of doing work; measured in watts (= joules/second)
电气工程专业-英语PPT优质课件
.
2.1 Grammar Features
3) The device includes an instrument transformation and a relay system which has two circuits in it.
The device includes an instrument transformation and a relay system with two circuits in it.
.
2.1 Grammar Features
③ 不定式
用不定式短语来替代表示目的和功能的从句或语句 (1) The capacity of individual generators is larger and larger so that the increasing demand of electric power is satisfied. The capacity of individual generators is larger and larger to satisfy the increasing demand of electric power.
专业英语（English for Special Science and Technology）
隶属于科技英语 是科技英语的一部分，以表达科技概念、理论与事实为主要 目的。遵守科技英语的语法体系和翻译方法;特别注重客观事实和真理，表达准 确、精练和正式。
是结合各自专业的科技英语 有很强的专业性，涉及的面更加狭窄，与专业内 容配合更为密切。
(3) 省略句使用频繁 (精炼) 省略成分：状语从句中的主语、全部或部分谓语；定语从句中的关系代词 which和that、从句中的助词等；还常用介词短语替代从句。
2.1 Grammar Features
3) The device includes an instrument transformation and a relay system which has two circuits in it.
The device includes an instrument transformation and a relay system with two circuits in it.
.
2.1 Grammar Features
③ 不定式
用不定式短语来替代表示目的和功能的从句或语句 (1) The capacity of individual generators is larger and larger so that the increasing demand of electric power is satisfied. The capacity of individual generators is larger and larger to satisfy the increasing demand of electric power.
专业英语（English for Special Science and Technology）
隶属于科技英语 是科技英语的一部分，以表达科技概念、理论与事实为主要 目的。遵守科技英语的语法体系和翻译方法;特别注重客观事实和真理，表达准 确、精练和正式。
是结合各自专业的科技英语 有很强的专业性，涉及的面更加狭窄，与专业内 容配合更为密切。
(3) 省略句使用频繁 (精炼) 省略成分：状语从句中的主语、全部或部分谓语；定语从句中的关系代词 which和that、从句中的助词等；还常用介词短语替代从句。
《电气工程专业英语》课件
电流、电压、电阻
学习电气工程的基本概念，包括电流、电压和电阻的定义、计算方法和相关定律。
电路定律
研究欧姆定律、基尔霍夫定律和其他电路定律，理解电路中电流和电压的关系。
电路元件
介绍常见的电气元件，如电阻、电容和电感器件，并解释它们在电路中的作用。
电气设备与系统
发电机和变压器
输电与配电系统
学习发电机和变压器的工作原理， 以及它们在电力系统中的作用。
了解电力输送和配电系统的组成 部分，包括输电线路、变电站和 配电网络。
电气控制系统
探索电气控制系统的基本原理和 组件，包括电动机控制、自动化 和监控。
电气工程应用
1
电力系统
研究电力系统的设计、运行和管理，以及可再生能源和能源转换技术的应用。
2
电子设备与自动化控制
了解电子设备和自动化控制技术在电气工程中的应用，如PLC、SCADA和机器 人技术。
3
电气安全与维护
学习电气安全标准和维护要求，了解如何保护人员和设备的安全。
电气工程实践
实验室项目
通过实验室项目，将理论知识应用于实践，加深对电气工程原理和实验方法的理解。
工程案例分析
分析真实的电气工程案例，了解在实际项目中面临的挑战和解决方案。
职业规划和发展
提供关于电气工程职业发展的建议，包括就业前景、培训机会和职业道路。
《电气工程专业英语》 PPT课件
本课程旨在介绍电气工程的基础知识、电气设备与系统、电气工程应用以及 电气工程的实践，并提供职业规划和发展的建议。
课程介绍
通过本课程，您将了的应用。我们将深入探讨电气工程的 各个方面，帮助您建立坚实的基础。
电气工程基础知识
总结和展望
回顾本课程的主要内容，总结所学知识，并展望未来电气工程领域的发展和 趋势。
学习电气工程的基本概念，包括电流、电压和电阻的定义、计算方法和相关定律。
电路定律
研究欧姆定律、基尔霍夫定律和其他电路定律，理解电路中电流和电压的关系。
电路元件
介绍常见的电气元件，如电阻、电容和电感器件，并解释它们在电路中的作用。
电气设备与系统
发电机和变压器
输电与配电系统
学习发电机和变压器的工作原理， 以及它们在电力系统中的作用。
了解电力输送和配电系统的组成 部分，包括输电线路、变电站和 配电网络。
电气控制系统
探索电气控制系统的基本原理和 组件，包括电动机控制、自动化 和监控。
电气工程应用
1
电力系统
研究电力系统的设计、运行和管理，以及可再生能源和能源转换技术的应用。
2
电子设备与自动化控制
了解电子设备和自动化控制技术在电气工程中的应用，如PLC、SCADA和机器 人技术。
3
电气安全与维护
学习电气安全标准和维护要求，了解如何保护人员和设备的安全。
电气工程实践
实验室项目
通过实验室项目，将理论知识应用于实践，加深对电气工程原理和实验方法的理解。
工程案例分析
分析真实的电气工程案例，了解在实际项目中面临的挑战和解决方案。
职业规划和发展
提供关于电气工程职业发展的建议，包括就业前景、培训机会和职业道路。
《电气工程专业英语》 PPT课件
本课程旨在介绍电气工程的基础知识、电气设备与系统、电气工程应用以及 电气工程的实践，并提供职业规划和发展的建议。
课程介绍
通过本课程，您将了的应用。我们将深入探讨电气工程的 各个方面，帮助您建立坚实的基础。
电气工程基础知识
总结和展望
回顾本课程的主要内容，总结所学知识，并展望未来电气工程领域的发展和 趋势。
电气工程及其自动化专业英语.ppt
Machines • Unit 16 Three-Phase Induction (Asynchronous)
Machine with the Rotor at Standstill· • Unit 19 Armature Reaction of Salient-Pole
Synchronous Machine a Two-Reaction Theory
• Looked at another way, the leakage flux Φ 1 which links N1 turns alone and “leaks” between the two windings without linking the N2 turns, is a much smaller fraction of the total, making for(有助于, 倾向于) more efficient energy transfer.
Unit 11 The Transformer on No Load
• The Simple Two-Coil Transformer
The transformer is a straightforward application of Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction. The simple transformer consists of two coils in close proximity. One coil of N1 turns is excited with alternating current and therefore establishes a flux φ11 which alternates with the current (随时间交变）. The other coil is linked by （与---交链）most of this flux and thus has a mutually induced e.m.f. of value e2=－N2dφ21/dt.
Machine with the Rotor at Standstill· • Unit 19 Armature Reaction of Salient-Pole
Synchronous Machine a Two-Reaction Theory
• Looked at another way, the leakage flux Φ 1 which links N1 turns alone and “leaks” between the two windings without linking the N2 turns, is a much smaller fraction of the total, making for(有助于, 倾向于) more efficient energy transfer.
Unit 11 The Transformer on No Load
• The Simple Two-Coil Transformer
The transformer is a straightforward application of Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction. The simple transformer consists of two coils in close proximity. One coil of N1 turns is excited with alternating current and therefore establishes a flux φ11 which alternates with the current (随时间交变）. The other coil is linked by （与---交链）most of this flux and thus has a mutually induced e.m.f. of value e2=－N2dφ21/dt.
电气工程及其自动化专业英语第一章第一节
在我们确定功率符号时，电流的方向和电压的极性 起着主要的作用，这就是我们在分析图1－3（a）所显 示的电流i和电压u的关系时特别谨慎的重要原因。为了 使功率的符号为正，电压的极性和电流的方向必须与图1 －3（a）所示的一致。
精选课件ppt
8
这种情况被称为无源符号惯例，对于无源符号惯 例来说，电流流进电压的正极。在这种情况下，p＝ui 或ui>0，表明元件是在吸收功率。而如果p＝－ui或 ui<0，如图1－3（b）所示时，表明元件是在释放或提 供功率。
当我们把一根导线连接到某一电池上时(一种电动 势源)，电荷被外力驱使移动；正电荷朝一个方向移动 而负电荷朝相反的方向移动。这种电荷的移动产生了电 流。我们可以很方便地把电流看作是正电荷的移动，也 即，与负电荷的流动方向相反，如图1－1所示。这一 惯例是由美国科学家和发明家本杰明－富兰克林引入的。 虽然我们现在知道金属导体中的电流是由负电荷引起的， 但我们将遵循通用的惯例，即把电流看作是正电荷的单 纯的流动。于是电流就是电荷的时率，它是以安培为单 位来度量的。从数学上来说，电流i、电荷q以及时间t之 间的关系是：
第一章 电路基本原理
精选课件ppt
1
第一节 电流和电压
u(t)和i(t)这两个变量是电路中最基本的两个变量， 它们刻划了电路的各种关系。
电荷和电流 电荷的概念是用来解释所有电气现象的基本概念。
也即，电路中最基本的量是电荷。电荷是构成物质的 原子微粒的电气属性，它是以库仑为单位来度量的。
我们从基础物理得知一切物质是由被称为原子的
精选课件ppt
3
idq dt
从时间t0到时间t所移送的电荷可由方程（1－1）两 边积分求得。我们算得：
t
q idt t0
精选课件ppt
8
这种情况被称为无源符号惯例，对于无源符号惯 例来说，电流流进电压的正极。在这种情况下，p＝ui 或ui>0，表明元件是在吸收功率。而如果p＝－ui或 ui<0，如图1－3（b）所示时，表明元件是在释放或提 供功率。
当我们把一根导线连接到某一电池上时(一种电动 势源)，电荷被外力驱使移动；正电荷朝一个方向移动 而负电荷朝相反的方向移动。这种电荷的移动产生了电 流。我们可以很方便地把电流看作是正电荷的移动，也 即，与负电荷的流动方向相反，如图1－1所示。这一 惯例是由美国科学家和发明家本杰明－富兰克林引入的。 虽然我们现在知道金属导体中的电流是由负电荷引起的， 但我们将遵循通用的惯例，即把电流看作是正电荷的单 纯的流动。于是电流就是电荷的时率，它是以安培为单 位来度量的。从数学上来说，电流i、电荷q以及时间t之 间的关系是：
第一章 电路基本原理
精选课件ppt
1
第一节 电流和电压
u(t)和i(t)这两个变量是电路中最基本的两个变量， 它们刻划了电路的各种关系。
电荷和电流 电荷的概念是用来解释所有电气现象的基本概念。
也即，电路中最基本的量是电荷。电荷是构成物质的 原子微粒的电气属性，它是以库仑为单位来度量的。
我们从基础物理得知一切物质是由被称为原子的
精选课件ppt
3
idq dt
从时间t0到时间t所移送的电荷可由方程（1－1）两 边积分求得。我们算得：
t
q idt t0
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n. 循环，回路; vt. 使成环；
n. 拓扑；布局；拓扑学 n. 构造；结构；配置；外形 n. 终点站；终端；接线端
4
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory
New Words and Expressions
resistor
n. [电]电阻器
independent adj. 独立自主的；不受约束的
A loop is any closed path in a circuit. A loop is a closed path formed by starting at a node, passing through a set of nodes, and returning to the starting node without passing through any node more than once①.
The two circuits in Fig.1.1 and Fig.1.2 are identical.
However, for the sake of clarity②, nodes b and c are spread out ③with perfect conductors as in Fig.1.2.
3
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory
New Words and Expressions
element interconnect node branch loop topology configuration terminal
n. 成分；元件 vt. 使互相连接
n. 节点 n. 分枝；分部；支流 v. 出现分歧
NNoottee：：③①：：pdrioffveirdeintgiaotnee在o此r m处o为re动clo词se，d dpiaftfherse为ntiate
nbeettwwoerekn的A后an置d 定B表语示。区分A和B；To differentiate between
a circuit and a network是目的状语从句.
2
Unit 1 Fundamentals of Electronic Circuits
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory 1.2 Analog and Digital Circuits 1.3 Three-Phase Circuits 1.4 Further Reading
Note:①：the same is true of :这也适用于…，…也是如此。
Note: ②：for the sake of clarity:为清楚起见 ;③：spread out: 伸展;spread out with perfect conductors ：用理想导线分散开。
9
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
b的3个点".此句可译为:注意到形成节点b的3个点是通过理
想导线相连接的，因此组成了1个节点.
8
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
The same is true of ①the four points forming node c.
We demonstrate that (证明 )the circuit in Fig.1.1 has only three nodes by redrawing the circuit in Fig.1.2.
Notice that the three points that form node b ① are connected by perfectly conducting wires and therefore constitute a single point.
Note:① "three points that form node b "表示"形成节点
6
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
In network topology, we study the properties relating to (关于...的特性)the placement of elements in the network and the geometric configuration of the network. Such elements include branches, nodes, and loops.
A node is the point of connection between two or more branches.
7
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
A node is usually indicated by a dot in a circuit. If a short circuit (a connecting wire) connects two nodes, the two nodes constitute a single node. The circuit in Fig.1.1 has three nodes a, b, and c.
series
n. 连续；系列；级数；串联
parallel
adj. 平行的；并联的 n. 平行线；平
行面；v. 相应；平行
impedance
n. [电]阻抗；全电阻；[物]阻抗
theorem
n. [数]定理；法则
5
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
(1) Nodes, Branches and Loops
A network with b branches, n nodes, and l independent loops will satisfy the fundamental theorem of network topology:
b = l + n-1 (1.1)
Note：①containing the 2Ω resistor 作定语修饰 closed path
voltage across them②. The 5Ω and 2Ω resistors are
Note:①：回路是一个闭合的路径，它是从一个节点开 始，经过若干节点，再回到起始节点，任意一个节点只经 过一次。
A loop is said to be （可认为是）independent if it
Hale Waihona Puke contains a branch which is not in any other loop.
Independent loops or paths result in（ 导致,结果是）
independent sets of equations.
10
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
For example, the closed path abca containing the 2Ω resistor ① in Fig.1.2 is a loop. Another loop is the closed path bcb containing the 3Ω resistor and the current source. Although one can identify six loops in Fig.1.2, only three of them are independent.
have the same voltage across them①.
Note:①：voltage across them表示关于两节点之间的电压， “them”指代“two nodes ”。
12
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
Elements may be connected in a way that they are either in series or in parallel. In the circuit shown in Fig.1.1, the voltage source and the 5Ω resistor are in series because the same current will flow through ①them.
we may regard a network as ②an interconnection of
elements or devices, whereas a circuit is a network
providing one or more closed paths③.
Note：②：regard … as表示“把…认为”
Since the elements of an electric circuit can be
interconnected in several ways, we need to understand
some basic concepts of network topology. To differentiate between a circuit and ①a network,
电气工程及其自动化专业英语
主编 杨勇 邓秋玲
1
CONTENTS
Unit 1 Fundamentals of Electronic Circuits Unit 2 Power Electronics Unit 3 Electrical Machines Unit 4 Electric Power Systems Unit 5 Electric Power Generations Unit 6 Automatic Control Unit 7 Sensoring Technology Unit 8 Computer Network and Networked Control Unit 9 Signal Processing
n. 拓扑；布局；拓扑学 n. 构造；结构；配置；外形 n. 终点站；终端；接线端
4
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory
New Words and Expressions
resistor
n. [电]电阻器
independent adj. 独立自主的；不受约束的
A loop is any closed path in a circuit. A loop is a closed path formed by starting at a node, passing through a set of nodes, and returning to the starting node without passing through any node more than once①.
The two circuits in Fig.1.1 and Fig.1.2 are identical.
However, for the sake of clarity②, nodes b and c are spread out ③with perfect conductors as in Fig.1.2.
3
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory
New Words and Expressions
element interconnect node branch loop topology configuration terminal
n. 成分；元件 vt. 使互相连接
n. 节点 n. 分枝；分部；支流 v. 出现分歧
NNoottee：：③①：：pdrioffveirdeintgiaotnee在o此r m处o为re动clo词se，d dpiaftfherse为ntiate
nbeettwwoerekn的A后an置d 定B表语示。区分A和B；To differentiate between
a circuit and a network是目的状语从句.
2
Unit 1 Fundamentals of Electronic Circuits
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory 1.2 Analog and Digital Circuits 1.3 Three-Phase Circuits 1.4 Further Reading
Note:①：the same is true of :这也适用于…，…也是如此。
Note: ②：for the sake of clarity:为清楚起见 ;③：spread out: 伸展;spread out with perfect conductors ：用理想导线分散开。
9
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
b的3个点".此句可译为:注意到形成节点b的3个点是通过理
想导线相连接的，因此组成了1个节点.
8
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
The same is true of ①the four points forming node c.
We demonstrate that (证明 )the circuit in Fig.1.1 has only three nodes by redrawing the circuit in Fig.1.2.
Notice that the three points that form node b ① are connected by perfectly conducting wires and therefore constitute a single point.
Note:① "three points that form node b "表示"形成节点
6
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
In network topology, we study the properties relating to (关于...的特性)the placement of elements in the network and the geometric configuration of the network. Such elements include branches, nodes, and loops.
A node is the point of connection between two or more branches.
7
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
A node is usually indicated by a dot in a circuit. If a short circuit (a connecting wire) connects two nodes, the two nodes constitute a single node. The circuit in Fig.1.1 has three nodes a, b, and c.
series
n. 连续；系列；级数；串联
parallel
adj. 平行的；并联的 n. 平行线；平
行面；v. 相应；平行
impedance
n. [电]阻抗；全电阻；[物]阻抗
theorem
n. [数]定理；法则
5
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
(1) Nodes, Branches and Loops
A network with b branches, n nodes, and l independent loops will satisfy the fundamental theorem of network topology:
b = l + n-1 (1.1)
Note：①containing the 2Ω resistor 作定语修饰 closed path
voltage across them②. The 5Ω and 2Ω resistors are
Note:①：回路是一个闭合的路径，它是从一个节点开 始，经过若干节点，再回到起始节点，任意一个节点只经 过一次。
A loop is said to be （可认为是）independent if it
Hale Waihona Puke contains a branch which is not in any other loop.
Independent loops or paths result in（ 导致,结果是）
independent sets of equations.
10
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
For example, the closed path abca containing the 2Ω resistor ① in Fig.1.2 is a loop. Another loop is the closed path bcb containing the 3Ω resistor and the current source. Although one can identify six loops in Fig.1.2, only three of them are independent.
have the same voltage across them①.
Note:①：voltage across them表示关于两节点之间的电压， “them”指代“two nodes ”。
12
1.1 Introduction to Circuit Theory text
Elements may be connected in a way that they are either in series or in parallel. In the circuit shown in Fig.1.1, the voltage source and the 5Ω resistor are in series because the same current will flow through ①them.
we may regard a network as ②an interconnection of
elements or devices, whereas a circuit is a network
providing one or more closed paths③.
Note：②：regard … as表示“把…认为”
Since the elements of an electric circuit can be
interconnected in several ways, we need to understand
some basic concepts of network topology. To differentiate between a circuit and ①a network,
电气工程及其自动化专业英语
主编 杨勇 邓秋玲
1
CONTENTS
Unit 1 Fundamentals of Electronic Circuits Unit 2 Power Electronics Unit 3 Electrical Machines Unit 4 Electric Power Systems Unit 5 Electric Power Generations Unit 6 Automatic Control Unit 7 Sensoring Technology Unit 8 Computer Network and Networked Control Unit 9 Signal Processing