基于Android开发的外文文献
关于Android的外文文献
附件A 外文文献（英文）Android: A Programmer’s Guide1 What Is Android1.1 Key Skills & Concepts●History of embedded device programming●Explanation of Open Handset Alliance●First look at the Android home screenIt can be said that, for a while, traditional desktop application developers have been spoiled. This is not to say that traditional desktop application development is easier than other forms of development. However, as traditional desktop application developers, we have had the ability to create almost any kind of application we can imagine. I am including myself in this grouping because I got my start in desktop programming.One aspect that has made desktop programming more accessible is that we have had the ability to interact with the desktop operating system, and thus interact with any underlying hardware, pretty freely (or at least with minimal exceptions). This kind of freedom to program independently, however, has never really been available to the small group of programmers who dared to venture into the murky waters of cell phone development.NOTE ：I refer to two different kinds of developers in this discussion: traditional desktop application developers, who work in almost any language and whose end product, applications, are built to run on any “desktop” operating system; and Android developers, Ja va developers who develop for the Android platform. This is not for the purposes of saying one is by any means better or worse than the other. Rather, the distinction is made for purposes of comparing the development styles and tools of desktop operating system environments to the mobile operating system environment,1.2 Brief History of Embedded Device ProgrammingFor a long time, cell phone developers comprised a small sect of a slightly larger group of developers known as embedded device developers. Seen as a less “glamorous” sibling to desktop—and later web—development, embedded device development typically got the proverbial short end of the stick as far as hardware and operating system features, because embedded device manufacturers were notoriously stingy on feature support.Embedded device manufacturers typically needed to guard their hardware secrets closely, so they gave embedded device developers few libraries to call when trying to interact with a specific device. Embedded devices differ from desktops in that an embedded device is typically a “computer on a chip.” For example, consider your standard television remote control; it is not really seen as an overwhelming achievement of technological complexity. When any button is pressed, a chip interprets the signal in a way that has been programmed into the device. This allows the device to know what to expect from the input device (key pad), and how to respond to those commands (for example, turn on the television). This is a simple form of embedded device programming. However, believe it or not, simple devices such as these are definitely related to the roots of early cell phone devices and development.Most embedded devices ran (and in some cases still run) proprietary operating systems. The reason for choosing to create a proprietary operating system rather than use any consumer system was really a product of necessity. Simple devices did not need very robust and optimized operating systems.As a product of device evolution, many of the more complex embedded devices, such as early PDAs, household security systems, and GPSs, moved to somewhat standardized operating system platforms about five years ago. Small-footprint operating systems such as Linux, or even an embedded version of Microsoft Windows, have become more prevalent on many embedded devices. Around this time in device evolution, cell phones branched from other embedded devices onto their own path. This branching is evident when you examine their architecture.Nearly since their inception, cell phones have been fringe devices insofar as they run on proprietary software—software that is owned and controlled by the manufacturer, and is almostalways considered to be a “closed” system. The practice of manufacturers using proprietar y operating systems began more out of necessity than any other reason. That is, cell phone manufacturers typically used hardware that was completely developed in-house, or at least hardware that was specifically developed for the purposes of running cell phone equipment. As a result, there were no openly available, off-the-shelf software packages or solutions that would reliably interact with their hardware. Since the manufacturers also wanted to guard very closely their hardware trade secrets, some of which could be revealed by allowing access to the software level of the device, the common practice was, and in most cases still is, to use completely proprietary and closed software to run their devices. The downside to this is that anyone who wanted to develop applications for cell phones needed to have intimate knowledge of the proprietary environment within which it was to run. The solution was to purchase expensive development tools directly from the manufacturer. This isolated many of the “homebrew” devel opers.NOTE：A growing culture of homebrew developers has embraced cell phone application development. The term “homebrew” refers to the fact that these developers typically do not work for a cell phone development company and generally produce small, one-off products on their own time.Another, more compelling “necessity” that kept cell phone development out of the hands of the everyday developer was the hardware manufacturers’ solution to the “memory versus need” dilemma. Until recently, cell phon es did little more than execute and receive phone calls, track your contacts, and possibly send and receive short text messages; not really the “Swiss army knives” of technology they are today. Even as late as 2002, cell phones with cameras were not commonly found in the hands of consumers.By 1997, small applications such as calculators and games (Tetris, for example) crept their way onto cell phones, but the overwhelming function was still that of a phone dialer itself. Cell phones had not yet become the multiuse, multifunction personal tools they are today. No one yet saw the need for Internet browsing, MP3 playing, or any of the multitudes of functions we are accustomed to using today. It is possible that the cell phone manufacturers of 1997 did not fully perceive the need consumers would have for an all-in-one device. However, even if the need was present, a lack of device memory and storage capacity was an even biggerobstacle to overcome. More people may have wanted their devices to be all-in-one tools, but manufacturers still had to climb the memory hurdle.To put the problem simply, it takes memory to store and run applications on any device, cell phones included. Cell phones, as a device, until recently did not have the amount of memory avail able to them that would facilitate the inclusion of “extra” programs. Within the last two years, the price of memory has reached very low levels. Device manufacturers now have the ability to include more memory at lower prices. Many cell phones now have more standard memory than the average PC had in the mid-1990s. So, now that we have the need, and the memory, we can all jump in and develop cool applications for cell phones around the world, right? Not exactly.Device manufacturers still closely guard the operating systems that run on their devices. While a few have opened up to the point where they will allow some Java-based applications to run within a small environment on the phone, many do not allow this. Even the systems that do allow some Java apps to run do not allow the kind of access to the “core” system that standard desktop developers are accustomed to having.1.3 Open Handset Alliance and AndroidThis barrier to application development began to crumble in November of 2007 when Google, under the Open Handset Alliance, released Android. The Open Handset Alliance is a group of hardware and software developers, including Google, NTT DoCoMo, Sprint Nextel, and HTC, whose goal is to create a more open cell phone environment. The first product to be released under the alliance is the mobile device operating system, Android. (For more information about the Open Handset Alliance, see .)NOTE ：Google, in promoting the new Android operating system, even went as far as to create a $10 million contest looking for new and exciting Android applications.While cell phones running Linux, Windows, and even PalmOS are easy to find, as of this writing, no hardware platforms have been announced for Android to run on. HTC, LG Electronics, Motorola, and Samsung are members of the Open Handset Alliance, under which Android has been released, so we can only hope that they have plans for a few Android-based devices in the near future. With its release in November 2007, the system itself is still in asoftware-only beta. This is good news for developers because it gives us a rare advance look at a future system and a chance to begin developing applications that will run as soon as the hardware is released.NOTE：This strategy clearly gives the Open Handset Alliance a big advantage over other cell phone operating system developers, because there could be an uncountable number of applications available immediately for the first devices released to run Android.Introduction to AndroidAndroid, as a system, is a Java-based operating system that runs on the Linux 2.6 kernel. The system is very lightweight and full featured. Android applications are developed using Java and can be ported rather easily to the new platform. If you have not yet downloaded Java or are unsure about which version you need, I detail the installation of the development environment in Chapter 2. Other features of Android include an accelerated 3-D graphics engine (based on hardware support), database support powered by SQLite, and an integrated web browser.If you are familiar with Java programming or are an OOP developer of any sort, you are likely used to programmatic user interface (UI) development—that is, UI placement which is handled directly within the program code. Android, while recognizing and allowing for programmatic UI development, also supports the newer, XML-based UI layout. XML UI layout is a fairly new concept to the average desktop developer. I will cover both the XML UI layout and the programmatic UI development in the supporting chapters of this book.One of the more exciting and compelling features of Android is that, because of its architecture, third-party applications—includi ng those that are “home grown”—are executed with the same system priority as those that are bundled with the core system. This is a major departure from most systems, which give embedded system apps a greater execution priority than the thread priority available to apps created by third-party developers. Also, each application is executed within its own thread using a very lightweight virtual machine.Aside from the very generous SDK and the well-formed libraries that are available to us to develop with, the most exciting feature for Android developers is that we now have access to anything the operating system has access to. In other words, if you want to create an application that dials the phone, you have access to the phone’s dialer; if you want to creat e anapplication that utilizes the phone’s internal GPS (if equipped), you have access to it. The potential for developers to create dynamic and intriguing applications is now wide open.On top of all the features that are available from the Android side of the equation, Google has thrown in some very tantalizing features of its own. Developers of Android applications will be able to tie their applications into existing Google offerings such as Google Maps and the omnipresent Google Search. Suppose you want to write an application that pulls up a Google map of where an incoming call is emanating from, or you want to be able to store common search results with your contacts; the doors of possibility have been flung wide open with Android.Chapter 2 begins your journey to Android development. You will learn the how’s and why’s of using specific development environments or integrated development environments (IDE), and you will download and install the Java IDE Eclipse.2 Application: Hello World2.1 Key Skills & Concepts●Creating new Android projects●Working with Views●Using a TextView●Modifying the main.xml file●Running applications on the Android EmulatorIn this chapter, you will be creating your first Android Activity. This chapter examines the application-building process from start to finish. I will show you how to create an Android project in Eclipse, add code to the initial files, and run the finished application in the Android Emulator. The resulting application will be a fully functioning program running in an Android environment.Actually, as you move through this chapter, you will be creating more than one Android Activity. Computer programming tradition dictates that your first application be the typical Hello World! application, so in the first section you will create a standard Hello World!application with just a blank background and the “Hello World!” text. Then, for the sake of enabling you to get to know the language better, the next section explains in detail the files automatically created by Android for your Hello World! application. You will create two iterations of this Activity, each using different techniques for displaying information to the screen. You will also create two different versions of a Hello World! application that will display an image that delivers the “Hello World!” message. This will give you a good introduction to the controls and inner workings of Android.NOTE：You will often see “application” and “Activity” used interchangeably. The difference between the two is that an application can be composed of multiple Activities, but one application must have at least one Activity. Each “window” or screen of your application is a separate Activity. Therefore, if you create a fairly simple application with only one screen of data (like the Hello World! application in this chapter), that will be one Activity. In future chapters you will create applications with multiple Activities.To make sure that you get a good overall look at programming in Android, in Chapter 6 you will create both of these applications in the Android SDK command-line environment for Microsoft Windows and Linux. In other words, this chapter covers the creation process in Eclipse, and Chapter 6 covers the creation process using the command-line tools. Therefore, before continuing, you should check that your Eclipse environment is correctly configured. Review the steps in Chapter 3 for setting the PATH statement for the Android SDK. You should also ensure that the JRE is correctly in your PATH statement.TIP：If you have configuration-related issues while attempting to work with any of the command-line examples, try referring to the configuration steps in Chapters 2 and 3; and look at the Android SDK documentation.2.2 Creating Your First Android Project in EclipseTo start your first Android project, open Eclipse. When you open Eclipse for the first time, it opens to an empty development environment (see Figure 5-1), which is where you want to begin. Your first task is to set up and name the workspace for your application. Choose File | New | Android Project, which will launch the New Android Project wizard.CAUTION Do not select Java Project from the New menu. While Android applications are written in Java, and you are doing all of your development in Java projects, this option will create a standard Java application. Selecting Android Project enables you to create Android-specific applications.If you do not see the option for Android Project, this indicates that the Android plugin for Eclipse was not fully or correctly installed. Review the procedure in Chapter 3 for installing the Android plugin for Eclipse to correct this.2.3 The New Android Project wizard creates two things for youA shell application that ties into the Android SDK, using the android.jar file, and ties the project into the Android Emulator. This allows you to code using all of the Android libraries and packages, and also lets you debug your applications in the proper environment.Your first shell files for the new project. These shell files contain some of the vital application blocks upon which you will be building your programs. In much the same way as creating a Microsoft .NET application in Visual Studio generates some Windows-created program code in your files, using the Android Project wizard in Eclipse generates your initial program files and some Android-created code. In addition, the New Android Project wizard contains a few options, shown next, that you must set to initiate your Android project. For the Project Name field, for purposes of this example, use the title HelloWorldText. This name sufficiently distinguishes this Hello World! project from the others that you will be creating in this chapter.In the Contents area, keep the default selections: the Create New Project in Workspace radio button should be selected and the Use Default Location check box should be checked. This will allow Eclipse to create your project in your default workspace directory. The advantage of keeping the default options is that your projects are kept in a central location, which makes ordering, managing, and finding these projects quite easy. For example, if you are working in a Unix-based environment, this path points to your $HOME directory.If you are working in a Microsoft Windows environment, the workspace path will be C:/Users/<username>/workspace, as shown in the previous illustration. However, for any number of reasons, you may want to uncheck the Use Default Location check box and select a different location for your project. One reason you may want to specify a different location here is simply if you want to choose a location for this specific project that is separate fromother Android projects. For example, you may want to keep the projects that you create in this book in a different location from projects that you create in the future on your own. If so, simply override the Location option to specify your own custom location directory for this project.附件B外文文献（中文）Android：一个程序员的入门书1 什么是Android1.1 主要技巧和思想●历史的嵌入式器件编程●开放手机联盟的解释●第一眼看到Android的主屏幕可以这么说，暂时，传统的桌面应用程序开发者已经被惯坏了。
外文翻译-基于Android智能家居系统(最新整理)
International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC) Vol.6, No.1, January 2014基于Android应用的无处不在的智能家居系统Shiu KumarDepartment of Information Electronics Engineering, Mokpo National University,534-729, Mokpo, South Korea摘要本文提出了一种灵活独立的，低成本的智能家居系统，它是基于Android应用与微web服务器通信，不仅仅提供交换功能。
Arduino以太网的使用是为了避免使用个人电脑从而保证整个系统成本最低，语音激活时用来实现切换功能的。
光开关，电源插头，温度传感器，湿度传感器，电流传感器，入侵检测传感器，烟雾/气体传感器和警报器等这些设备集成在系统中，表明了所提出的智能家居系统的有效性和可行性。
经过检测，智能家居应用程序可以成功地进行智能家居操作，例如开关功能，自动环境监测，和入侵监测，在监测到有不法入侵后，系统会自动发送一个邮件，并响警笛。
关键字：Android智能手机，智能家居，物联网（loTs），远程控制1.引言随着移动设备受欢迎程度的不断增长和人们日常生活中对无处不在的先进的移动应用的功能需求不断增加，利用Web服务是提供远程访问服务的最开放和可互操作的方式，并且使应用程序能够彼此通信。
一个有吸引力的市场产品自动化和网络化是忙碌的家庭和有生理缺陷的个人的代表。
loTs可以被描述为连接智能手机，网络电视，传感器等到互联网，实现人们之间沟通的新形势。
过去几年中loTs的发展，创造了一个新层面的世界。
这使得人们可以在任何时间，任何地点，联通任何期望的东西。
物联网技术可用于为智能家居创建新的概念和广阔的空间，以提供智能，舒适的发展空间和完善生活质量。
基于Android的掌上校园系统的设计与实现
中文题目：基于Android的掌上校园系统的设计与实现外文题目：THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A HANDHELD CAMPUS SYSTEM BASED ON ANDROID毕业设计（论文）共 72页（其中：外文文献及译文9页）图纸共 0张完成日期 2016年6月答辩日期2016年6月摘要随着互联网的技术的快速发展和无线网络的更新迭代，使3G网络已成为过去式4G网络蓬勃发展。
技术的发展，硬件的提高使人们使用智能手机可以更加快速、便捷的浏览信息、获取信息。
本文首先介绍校园App系统开发的背景和选题的意义，阐述了选择Android作为开发平台的优势。
其次，对基于Android系统的校园APP的实现进行了需求分析和开发场景的设置。
对于整个校园App系统的数据表、功能模块做了详细的分析，并详细的介绍了各个功能模块的功能，绘制了重要的业务流程图。
对于高校现在使用的信息系统进行了分析，并增加了设和自己学院的功能模块，提出了无线网络和移动终端设备相结合的高校学生生活服务信息查询手段，设计出了一套完整的学生生活服务信息查询系统。
使学生登录进入到该款校园APP的主页面后，可以实现查询自己的课程信息、成绩信息、学校的教务公共、浏览本地新闻、浏览校园风采、校园咨询、登录学校资源网站、个人备忘录等功能。
关键词：校园App系统；Android；生活信息服务；开发环境。
ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of Internet technology and wireless network update to 3G network has become the past 4G network development. The development of technology, the improving of hardware make people use smart mobile phone can be more rapid and convenient browsing information, access to information. This paper first introduces the system development background and significance of campus App, discusses the selection of Android as the development platform.Secondly, for the realization of Android system based on campus APP analyses the demand and development of setting the scene. For the entire campus App system data table, function module to do a detailed analysis, and detailed introduction of each function module function, draw the important business flow chart. For colleges and universities now use the information system are analyzed, and increases the function module design and his school, put forward the combination of wireless network and mobile terminal equipment of college .students life service information inquiry method, designed a set of complete service life of students information query system. Enable students to log in to the campus app's home page can be achieved after the query their curriculum information, performance information, school educational public, browse local news, browse talent on campus, campus counseling, log on the website of the school of resources, personal memos function.Key words: campus App system;Android;life information service;developmentenvironment.目录摘要 (I)ABSTRACT (II)1项目概述 (1)1.1现系统的概述 (1)1.2组织机构及业务范围 (3)1.3业务流程描述 (4)2需求分析 (6)2.1总体目标 (6)2.2 具体目标 (6)2.3 系统功能建模 (7)2.3.1系统数据流图 (7)2.3.2数据字典 (14)2.4系统数据模型 (19)3概要设计 (24)3.1 体系结构设计 (24)3.2 接口设计 (24)3.2.1 外部接口 (24)3.2.2 内部接口 (26)3.3 代码设计 (26)3.4数据库设计 (26)3.4.1关系模式设计 (27)3.4.2数据库物理结构设计 (27)3.5输入输出设计 (29)3.5.1输入设计 (29)3.5.2输出设计 (30)3.6运行设计 (30)3.6.1环境 (30)3.6.2运行控制 (31)3.7出错处理设计 (31)3.7.1出错输出信息 (31)3.7.2出错处理对策 (32)3.8 安全保密设计 (32)3.8.1 数据安全性 (32)3.8.2 登录用户的安全性 (32)3.9维护设计 (32)4详细设计 (33)4.1详细设计概述 (33)4.2网站首页设计 (33)4.3教学信息咨询模块定义 (33)4.3.1模块定义 (33)4.3.2输入项目 (33)4.3.3输出项目 (33)4.3.4程序逻辑 (33)4.4本地资讯模块定义 (34)4.4.1模块定义 (34)4.4.2输入项目 (35)4.4.3输出项目 (35)4.4.4程序逻辑 (35)4.5校园风采模块定义 (35)4.5.1模块定义 (35)4.5.2输入项目 (36)4.5.3输出项目 (36)4.5.4程序逻辑 (36)4.6校园咨询模块定义 (37)4.6.1模块定义 (37)4.6.2输入项目 (37)4.6.3输出项目 (37)4.6.4程序逻辑 (37)4.7校园资源网模块定义 (38)4.7.1模块定义 (38)4.7.2输入项目 (39)4.7.3输出项目 (39)4.7.4程序逻辑 (39)4.8备忘录模块定义 (39)4.8.1模块定义 (39)4.8.2输入项目 (40)4.8.3输出项目 (40)4.8.4程序逻辑 (40)4.9计算器模块定义 (40)4.9.1模块定义 (40)4.9.2输入项目 (41)4.9.3输出项目 (41)4.9.4程序逻辑 (41)4.10出行指南模块定义 (41)4.10.1模块定义 (41)4.10.2输入项目 (42)4.10.3输出项目 (42)4.10.4程序逻辑 (42)4.11界面实现 (43)5编码 (46)5.1开发工具及编程语言概述 (46)5.1.1开发工具Microsoft Office Visio 2013 (46)5.1.2 SQL Server2005数据库管理系统简介 (46)5.1.3 Android简介 (47)5.1.4 Java语言简介 (48)5.1.5 Eclipse简介 (49)5.1.6 SQLite数据库 (49)5.2脚本习惯说明 (49)5.3程序 (50)6测试 (51)6.1测试原则及测试方法概述 (51)6.1.1测试原则 (51)6.1.2测试方法 (52)6.2测试项目测试用例 (53)6.3软件测试结论 (59)6.3.1软件能力 (59)6.3.2缺陷和限制 (59)6.3.3测试结论 (59)结束语 (60)致谢 (61)参考文献 (62)附录A 中文译文 (64)附录B 英文原文 (67)附录C主要程序清单 (71)1项目概述1.1现系统的概述高校生活服务信息系统如今已经普遍在各个高校中投入使用，极大程度上方便了用户及时获取信息以及生活更加便利，提高了工作效率以及校园服务。
安卓应用基础中英文对照外文翻译文献
中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)Android Application FundamentalsAndroid applications are written in the Java programming language. The Android SDK tools compile the code—along with any data and resource files—into an Android package, an archive file with an .apk suffix. All the code in a single .apk file is considered to be one application and is the file that Android-powered devices use to install the application.Once installed on a device, each Android application lives in its own security sandbox:The Android operating system is a multi-user Linux system in which each application is a different user.By default, the system assigns each application a unique Linux user ID (the ID is used only by the system and is unknown to the application). The system sets permissions for all the files in an application so that only the user ID assigned to that application can access them.Each process has its own virtual machine (VM), so an application's code runs in isolation from other applications.By default, every application runs in its own Linux process. Android starts the process when any of the application's components need to be executed, then shuts down the process when it's no longer needed or when the system must recover memory for other applications. In this way, the Android system implements the principle of least privilege. That is, each application, by default, has access only to the components that it requires to do its work and no more. This creates a very secure environment in which an application cannot access parts of the system for which it is not given permission.However, there are ways for an application to share data with other applications and for an application to access system services:It's possible to arrange for two applications to share the same Linux user ID, in which case they are able to access each other's files. To conserve system resources, applications with the same user ID can also arrange to run in the same Linux process and share the same VM (the applications must also be signed with the same certificate).An application can request permission to access device data such as the user's contacts, SMS messages, the mountable storage (SD card), camera, Bluetooth, and more. All application permissions must be granted by the user at install time.That covers the basics regarding how an Android application exists within the system. The rest of this document introduces you to:1、The core framework components that define your application.2、The manifest file in which you declare components and required device features for your application.3、Resources that are separate from the application code and allow your application to gracefully optimize its behavior for a variety of device configurations.Application ComponentsApplication components are the essential building blocks of an Android application. Each component is a different point through which the system can enter your application. Not all components are actual entry points for the user and some depend on each other, but each oneexists as its own entity and plays a specific role—each one is a unique building block that helps define your application's overall behavior.There are four different types of application components. Each type serves a distinct purpose and has a distinct lifecycle that defines how the component is created and destroyed.Here are the four types of application components:ActivitiesAn activity represents a single screen with a user interface. For example, an email application might have one activity that shows a list of new emails, another activity to compose an email, and another activity for reading emails. Although the activities work together to form a cohesive user experience in the email application, each one is independent of the others. As such, a different application can start any one of these activities (if the email application allows it). For example, a camera application can start the activity in the email application that composes new mail, in order for the user to share a picture.An activity is implemented as a subclass of Activity and you can learn more about it in the Activities developer guide.ServicesA service is a component that runs in the background to perform long-running operations or to perform work for remote processes. A service does not provide a user interface. For example, a service might play music in the background while the user is in a different application, or it might fetch data over the network without blocking user interaction with an activity. Another component, such as an activity, can start the service and let it run or bind to it in order to interact with it.A service is implemented as a subclass of Service and you can learn more about it in the Services developer guide.Content providersA content provider manages a shared set of application data. You can store the data in the file system, an SQLite database, on the web, or any other persistent storage location your application can access. Through the content provider, other applications can query or evenmodify the data (if the content provider allows it). For example, the Android system provides a content provider that manages the user's contact information. As such, any application with the proper permissions can query part of the content provider (such as ContactsContract.Data) to read and write information about a particular person.Content providers are also useful for reading and writing data that is private to your application and not shared. For example, the Note Pad sample application uses a content provider to save notes.A content provider is implemented as a subclass of ContentProvider and must implement a standard set of APIs that enable other applications to perform transactions. For more information, see the Content Providers developer guide.Broadcast receiversA broadcast receiver is a component that responds to system-wide broadcast announcements. Many broadcasts originate from the system—for example, a broadcast announcing that the screen has turned off, the battery is low, or a picture was captured. Applications can also initiate broadcasts—for example, to let other applications know that some data has been downloaded to the device and is available for them to use. Although broadcast receivers don't display a user interface, they may create a status bar notification to alert the user when a broadcast event occurs. More commonly, though, a broadcast receiver is just a "gateway" to other components and is intended to do a very minimal amount of work. For instance, it might initiate a service to perform some work based on the event.A broadcast receiver is implemented as a subclass of BroadcastReceiver and each broadcast is delivered as an Intent object. For more information, see the BroadcastReceiver class.A unique aspect of the Android system design is that any application can start another application’s component. For example, if you want the user to capture a photo with the device camera, there's probably another application that does that and your application can use it, instead of developing an activity to capture a photo yourself. You don't need to incorporate or even link to the code from the camera application. Instead, you can simply start the activity in the camera application that captures a photo. When complete, the photo is even returned to your application so you can use it. To the user, it seems as if the camera is actually a part of your application.When the system starts a component, it starts the process for that application (if it's not already running) and instantiates the classes needed for the component. For example, if your application starts the activity in the camera application that captures a photo, that activity runs in the process that belongs to the camera application, not in your application's process. Therefore, unlike applications on most other systems, Android applications don't have a single entry point (there's no main()function, for example).Because the system runs each application in a separate process with file permissions that restrict access to other applications, your application cannot directly activate a component from another application. The Android system, however, can. So, to activate a component in another application, you must deliver a message to the system that specifies your intent to start a particular component. The system then activates the component for you.Activating ComponentsThree of the four component types—activities, services, and broadcast receivers—are activated by an asynchronous message called an intent. Intents bind individual components to each other at runtime (you can think of them as the messengers that request an action from other components), whether the component belongs to your application or another.An intent is created with an Intent object, which defines a message to activate either a specific component or a specific type of component—an intent can be either explicit or implicit, respectively.For activities and services, an intent defines the action to perform (for example, to "view" or "send" something) and may specify the URI of the data to act on (among other things that the component being started might need to know). For example, an intent might convey a request for an activity to show an image or to open a web page. In some cases, you can start an activity to receive a result, in which case, the activity also returns the result in an Intent (for example, you can issue an intent to let the user pick a personal contact and have it returned to you—the return intent includes a URI pointing to the chosen contact).For broadcast receivers, the intent simply defines the announcement being broadcast (for example, a broadcast to indicate the device battery is low includes only a known action string that indicates "battery is low").The other component type, content provider, is not activated by intents. Rather, it is activated when targeted by a request from a ContentResolver. T he content resolver handles all direct transactions with the content provider so that the component that's performing transactions with the provider doesn't need to and instead calls methods onthe ContentResolver object. This leaves a layer of abstraction between the content provider and the component requesting information (for security).There are separate methods for activating each type of component:You can start an activity (or give it something new to do) by passingan Intent to startActivity() or startActivityForResult() (when you want the activity to return a result).You can start a service (or give new instructions to an ongoing service) by passingan Intent to startService(). Or you can bind to the service by passing an Intent to bindService().You can initiate a broadcast by passing an Intent to methodslike sendBroadcast(), sendOrderedBroadcast(), or sendStickyBroadcast().You can perform a query to a content provider by calling query() on a ContentResolver.For more information about using intents, see the Intents and Intent Filters document. More information about activating specific components is also provided in the following documents: Activities, Services, BroadcastReceiver and Content Providers.Declaring componentsThe primary task of the manifest is to inform the system about the application's components. For example, a manifest file can declare an activity as follows:In the <application> element, the android:icon attribute points to resources for an icon that identifies the application.In the <activity> element, the android:name at tribute specifies the fu lly qualified class name of the Activity subclass and the android:label attributes specifies a string to use as the user-visible label for the activity.You must declare all application components this way:1、<activity>elements for activities2、<service> elements for services3、<receiver>elements for broadcast receivers4、<provider>elements for content providersActivities, services, and content providers that you include in your source but do not declare in the manifest are not visible to the system and, consequently, can never run. However, broadcast receivers can be either declared in the manifest or created dynamically in code (as BroadcastReceiver objects) and registered with the system bycalling registerReceiver().Declaring component capabilitiesAs discussed above, in Activating Components, you can use an Intent to start activities, services, and broadcast receivers. You can do so by explicitly naming the target component (using the component class name) in the intent. However, the real power of intents lies in the concept of intent actions. With intent actions, you simply describe the type of action you want to perform (and optionally, the data upon which you’d like to perform the action) and allow the system to find a component on the device that can perform the action and start it. If there are multiple components that can perform the action described by the intent, then the user selects which one to use.The way the system identifies the components that can respond to an intent is by comparing the intent received to the intent filters provided in the manifest file of other applications on the device.When you declare a component in your application's manifest, you can optionally include intent filters that declare the capabilities of the component so it can respond to intents from other applications. You can declare an intent filter for your component by addingan <intent-filter>element as a child of the component's declaration element.For example, an email application with an activity for composing a new email might declare an intent filter in its manifest entry to respond to "send" intents (in order to send email). An activity in your application can then create an intent with the “send” action (ACTION_SEND), which the system matches to the email application’s “send” activity and launches it when you invoke the intent with startActivity().For more about creating intent filters, see the Intents and Intent Filters document.Declaring application requirementsThere are a variety of devices powered by Android and not all of them provide the same features and capabilities. In order to prevent your application from being installed on devices that lack features needed by your application, it's important that you clearly define a profile for the types of devices your application supports by declaring device and software requirements in your manifest file. Most of these declarations are informational only and the system does not read them, but external services such as Google Play do read them in order to provide filtering for users when they search for applications from their device.For example, if your application requires a camera and uses APIs introduced in Android 2.1 (API Level7), you should declare these as requirements in your manifest file. That way, devices that do not have a camera and have an Android version lower than 2.1 cannot install your application from Google Play.However, you can also declare that your application uses the camera, but doesnot require it. In that case, your application must perform a check at runtime to determine if the device has a camera and disable any features that use the camera if one is not available.Here are some of the important device characteristics that you should consider as you design and develop your application:Screen size and densityIn order to categorize devices by their screen type, Android defines two characteristics for each device: screen size (the physical dimensions of the screen) and screen density (the physical density of the pixels on the screen, or dpi—dots per inch). To simplify all the different types of screen configurations, the Android system generalizes them into select groups that make them easier to target.The screen sizes are: small, normal, large, and extra large.The screen densities are: low density, medium density, high density, and extra high density.By default, your application is compatible with all screen sizes and densities, because the Android system makes the appropriate adjustments to your UI layout and image resources. However, you should create specialized layouts for certain screen sizes and provide specialized images for certain densities, using alternative layout resources, and by declaring in your manifest exactly which screen sizes your application supports withthe <supports-screens> element.For more information, see the Supporting Multiple Screens document.Input configurationsMany devices provide a different type of user input mechanism, such as a hardware keyboard, a trackball, or a five-way navigation pad. If your application requires a particular kind of input hardware, then you should declare it in your manifest with the <uses-configuration> element. However, it is rare that an application should require a certain input configuration.Device featuresThere are many hardware and software features that may or may not exist on a given Android-powered device, such as a camera, a light sensor, bluetooth, a certain version of OpenGL, or the fidelity of the touchscreen. You should never assume that a certain feature is available on all Android-powered devices (other than the availability of the standard Android library), so you should declare any features used by your application withthe <uses-feature> element.Platform VersionDifferent Android-powered devices often run different versions of the Android platform, such as Android 1.6 or Android 2.3. Each successive version often includes additional APIs not available in the previous version. In order to indicate which set of APIs are available, each platform version specifies an API Level (for example, Android 1.0 is API Level 1 and Android 2.3 is API Level 9). If you use any APIs that were added to the platform after version 1.0, you should declare the minimum API Level in which those APIs were introduced using the <uses-sdk> element.It's important that you declare all such requirements for your application, because, when you distribute your application on Google Play, the store uses these declarations to filter which applications are available on each device. As such, your application should be available only to devices that meet all your application requirements.For more information about how Google Play filters applications based on these (and other) requirements, see the Filters on Google Play document.Application ResourcesAn Android application is composed of more than just code—it requires resources that are separate from the source code, such as images, audio files, and anything relating to the visual presentation of the application. For example, you should define animations, menus, styles, colors, and the layout of activity user interfaces with XML files. Using application resources makes it easy to update various characteristics of your application without modifying code and—by providing sets of alternative resources—enables you to optimize your application for a variety of device configurations (such as different languages and screen sizes).For every resource that you include in your Android project, the SDK build tools define a unique integer ID, which you can use to reference the resource from your application code or from other resources defined in XML. For example, if your application c ontains an image file named logo.png (saved in the res/drawable/ directory), the SDK tools generate a resource IDnamed R.drawable.logo, which you can use to reference the image and insert it in your user interface.One of the most important aspects of providing resources separate from your source code is the ability for you to provide alternative resources for different device configurations. For example, by defining UI strings in XML, you can translate the strings into other languages and save those strings in separate files. Then, based on a language qualifier that you append to the resource directory's name (such as res/values-fr/ for French string values) and the user's language setting, the Android system applies the appropriate language strings to your UI.Android supports many different qualifiers for your alternative resources. The qualifier is a short string that you include in the name of your resource directories in order to define the device configuration for which those resources should be used. As another example, you should often create different layouts for your activities, depending on the device's screen orientation and size. For example, when the device screen is in portrait orientation (tall), you might want a layout with buttons to be vertical, but when the screen is in landscape orientation (wide), the buttons should be aligned horizontally. To change the layout depending on the orientation, you can define two different layouts and apply the appropriate qualifier to each layout's directory name. Then, the system automatically applies the appropriate layout depending on the current device orientation.For more about the different kinds of resources you can include in your application and how to create alternative resources for various device configurations, see theApplication Resources developer guide.安卓应用基础在Java编程语言编写的Android应用程序的Android的SDK工具编译代码以及与任何数据和到一个Android的包，一个归档文件档案资源的.apk后缀，所有的在一个单一的代码.apk文件被认为是一个应用程序，是Android的文件，供电设备来安装应用程序。
2024年英文论文参考文献
2024年英文论文参考文献
英文论文参考文献 1
[1] J.F.Di Marzio.Android A Progammer's Guide.New York Mc-Graw-Hill,2008:105-111P
[2] Thompson T.The Android Mobile Phone Platform.The World of SoftwareDevelopment,2008,33(9):40-47P
[22]Corbett, C., Blackburn, J. and van Wassenhove, L. (1999), “Partnerships to improve supply chains”, MIT Sloan Management Review, Vol. 40 No. 4, pp. 71-82.
[24]Croom, S., Romano, P. and Giannakis, M. (2000), “Supply chain management: an analyticalframework for critical literature review”, European Journal of Purchasing Supply Management, Vol. 6, pp. 67-83.
Android外文文献翻译11
Android Application Fundamentals nguage pil.th.code—alon.wit.an.dat.an.resourc.files—int.an Androi.package.a.archiv.an .apk suffix.Al.th.cod.i..single .apk.considere.t.b.on. applicatio.an.i.th..t.instal.th.application.Once installed on a device, each Android application lives in its own security sandbox:The Android operating system is a multi-user Linux system in which each application is a different user.e .I.(e.onl.b.th.syste.an.i.unknow.t.th.application). Th.syste.set.permission.fo.al.th.file.i.a.applicatio.s.tha.o e.I.assigne.t.tha.applicatio.ca.acces.them.Each process has its own virtual machine (VM), so an application's code runs in isolation from other applications.B.default.ever.applicatio.run.i.it.ow.Linu.process.Androi.st art.th.proces.whe.an.o.th.application'.component.nee.t.b.exe cuted.the.shut.dow.th.proces.whe.it'.n.longe.neede.o.whe.th. syste.mus.recove.memor.fo.othe.applications.I.thi.way.th.Androi.syste.implement.the principl.o.leas.pri vilege.Tha.is.eac.application.b.default.ha.acces.onl.t.th.co mponent.tha.i.require.t.d.it.wor.an.n.more.Thi.create..ver.s ecur.environmen.i.whic.a.applicatio.canno.acces.part.o.th.sy ste.fo.whic.i.i.no.give.permission.However, there are ways for an application to share data with other applications and for an application to access system services:It'.possibl.t.arrang.fo.tw.application.t.shar.th.sam.Lin e.ID.i.whic.cas.the.ar.abl.t.acces.eac.other'.files.T.co e.I.ca.als.ar rang.t.ru.i.th.sam.Linu.proces.an.shar.th.sam.V.(th.applicat ion.mus.als.b.signe.wit.th.sam.certificate).A.applicatio.ca.reques.permissio.t.acces.devic.dat.suc.a.th. user'.contacts.SM.messages.th.mountabl.storag.(S.card).camer a.Bluetooth.an.more.Al.applicatio.permission.mus.b.grante.b. e.a.instal.time.Tha.cover.th.basic.regardin.ho.a.Androi.applicatio.exist .withi.th.system.Th.res.o.thi.documen.introduce.yo.to:1.The core framework components that define your application.2.The manifest which you declare components and required device features for your application.3、Resource.tha.ar.separat.fro.th.applicatio.cod.an.allo.you.ap plicatio.t.gracefull.optimiz.it.behavio.fo..variet.o.devic.c onfigurations.Application Componentsponent.ar.th.essentia.buildin.block.o.a. ponen.i..differen.poin.throug.whic ponent.ar.actua.e e.an.som.depen.o.eac.other.bu.eac.on.exist .a.it.ow.entit.an.play..specifi.role—eac.on.i..uniqu.buildin.bloc.tha.help.defin.you.application' .overal.behavior.ponents.Eac.ty p.serve..distinc.purpos.an.ha..distinc.lifecycl.tha.define.h ponen.i.create.an.destroyed.Here are the four types of application components: ActivitiesAn activity e.interface. Fo.example.a.emai.applicatio.migh.hav.on.activit.tha.show..l pos.a.email.an.anothe.activit.fo.readin.emails.Althoug.th.activitie.wor.togethe.t.for e.experienc.i.th.emai.application.eac.on.i.indep enden.o.th.others.A.such..differen.applicatio.ca.star.an.on. o.thes.activitie.(i.th.emai.applicatio.allow.it).Fo.example. .camer.applicatio.ca.star.th.activit.i.th.emai.applicatio.th e.t.shar..picture.An activity is implemented as a subclass of Activity and you can learn more about it in the Activities developer guide. ServicesA service ponen.tha.run.i.th.backgroun.t.perfor. long-runnin.operation.o.t.perfor.wor.fo.remot.processes..ser e.interface.Fo.example..servic.migh.pla e.i.i..differen.application.o e.interactio ponent.suc.a.a.activity.ca.star.th .servic.an.le.i.ru.o.bin.t.i.i.orde.t.interac.wit.it.A service is implemented as a subclass of Service and you can learn more about it in the Services developer guide. Content providersA conten.provider manage..share.se.o.applicatio.data.Y o.ca.stor.th.dat.i.th..a.SQLit.database.o.th.web.o.an.othe.p ersisten.storag.locatio.you.applicatio.ca.access.Throug.th.conten.provider.othe.application.ca.quer.o.eve.modif.th.dat.( i.th.conten.provide.allow.it).Fo.example.th.Androi.syste.pro er'rmation.A.such.an.applicatio.wit.th.prope.permission.ca.quer.par.o.t h.conten.provide.(suc.as ContactsContract.Data.t.rea.an.wri rmatio.abou..particula.person.efu.fo.readin.an.writin.dat.tha .i.privat.t.you.applicatio.an.no.shared.Fo.example.the Not. Pad e..conten.provide.t.sav.notes..conten.provide.i.implemente.a..subclas.of ContentProvider an.mus.implemen..standar.se.o.API.tha.enabl.othe.applicati rmation.se.the Conten.P roviders develope.guide.Broadcast receiversA broadcas.receiver ponen.tha.respond.t.system-w id.broadcas.announcements.Man.broadcast.originat.fro.th.syst em—fo.example..broadcas.announcin.tha.th.scree.ha.turne.off.th. batter.i.low.o..pictur.wa.captured.Application.ca.als.initia t.broadcasts—fo.example.t.le.othe.application.kno.tha.som.dat.ha.bee.down e.Althoug.broadcas .receiver.don'e.interface.the.may creat..statu.ba.notification e.whe..broadcas.even.occurs.Mor. commonly.though..broadcas.receive.i.jus.." ponent.an.i.intende.t.d..ver.minima.amoun.o.work.Fo.instance .i.migh.initiat..servic.t.perfor.som.wor.base.o.th.event. .broadcas.receive.i.implemente.a..subclas.of BroadcastRecei ver an.eac.broadcas.i.delivere.a.an Intent object.Fo.mor. information.se.th.BroadcastReceiver class..uniqu.aspec.o.th.Androi.syste.desig.i.tha.an.applicatio. ca.star.anothe.application’.component.Fo.example.i.yo.wan.t e.t.captur..phot.wit.th.devic.camera.there'.probabl.anot .it.instea. o.developin.a.activit.t.captur..phot.yourself.Yo.don'.nee.t. incorporat.o.eve.lin.t.th.cod.fro.th.camer.application.Inste ad.yo.ca.simpl.star.th.activit.i.th.camer.applicatio.tha.cap plete.th.phot.i.eve.returne.t.you.applica er.i.seem.a.i.th.camer.i.actuall..p ar.o.you.application.ponent.i.start.th.proces.fo.tha.ap plicatio.(i.it'.no.alread.running.an.instantiate.th.classe.n ponent.Fo.example.i.you.applicatio.start.th.ac tivit.i.th.camer.applicatio.tha.capture..photo.tha.activit.r un.i.th.proces.tha.belong.t.th.camer.application.no.i.you.application'.process.Therefore.unlik.application.o.mos.othe.sy stems.Androi.application.don'.hav..singl.entr.poin.(there'.n o main() function.fo.example).Becaus.th.syste.run.eac.applicatio.i..separat.proces.wit. tha.restric.acces.t.othe.applications.you.applicatio.canno.d ponen.fro.anothe.application.Th.Androi.sy ponen.i.anothe.application .yo.mus.delive..messag.t.th.syste.tha.specifie.your intent ponen.fo.you.Activating Componentsponen.types—activities.services.an.broadcas.receivers—ar.activate.b.a.asynchronou.messag.calle.an intent.Intent.b ponent.t.eac.othe.a.runtim.(yo.ca.thin.o.the ponents).whet ponen.belong.t.you.applicatio.o.another.An intent is created with an Intent object, which defines a message to activate either a specific component or a specific type of component—an intent can be either explicit or implicit, respectively.Fo.activitie.an.services.a.inten.define.th.actio.t.perfor .(fo.example.t."view.o."send.something.an.ma.specif.th.UR.o. th.dat.t.ac.o.(ponen.bein.starte.m igh.nee.t.know).Fo.example.a.inten.migh.conve..reques.fo.a.a ctivit.t.sho.a.imag.o.t.ope..we.page.I.som.cases.yo.ca.star.a.activit.t.receiv..result.i.whic.case.th.activit.als.return .th.resul.i.an Intent (fo.example.yo.ca.issu.a.inten.t.le. e.pic..persona.contac.an.hav.i.returne.t.you—th.retur.inten.include..UR.pointin.t.th.chose.contact).For broadcast receivers, the intent simply defines the announcement being broadcast (for example, a broadcast to indicate the device battery is low includes only a known action string that indicates "battery is low").ponen.type.conten.provider.i.no.activate.b. intents.Rather.i.i.activate.whe.targete.b..reques.fro.a Con tentResolver.Th.conten.resolve.handle.al.direc.transaction.w ponen.that'.performin.trans action.wit.th.provide.doesn'.nee.t.an.instea.call.method.o.t he ContentResolver ye.o.abstractio.bet rmatio.(f o.security).There are separate methods for activating each type of component:You can start an activity (or give it something new to do) by passingan Intent to startActivity()or startActivityForResult( )(when you want the activity to return a result).Yo.ca.star..servic.(o.giv.ne.instruction.t.a.ongoin.serv ice.b.passin.an Intent to startService().O.yo.ca.bin.t.th .servic.b.passin.an Intent tobindService().You can initiate a broadcast by passing an Intent to methods like sendBroadcast(), sendOrderedBroadcast(),or sendStickyBroadcast().You can perform a query to a content provider bycalling query()on a ContentResolver.in.intents.se.the Intent.an.Inten .Filters ponent.i.als.provide.i.th.followin.documents: Activities, Services, BroadcastReceiver and Conten.Providers.Declaring components<?xm.version="1.0.encoding="utf-8"?><manifes....>..<applicatio.android:icon="@drawable/app_icon.png....> ....<activit.android:name="com.example.project.ExampleActivi ty".........android:label="@string/example_label....>....</activity>.........</application></manifest>In the <application>element, theandroid:icon attribute points to resources for an icon that identifies the application.In the <activity>element, the android:name at tribute specifies the fu lly qualified class name of theActivity subclass and the android:label attributes specifies a string to use as the user-visible label for the activity.You must declare all application components this way:1.<activity> elements for activities2.<service> elements for services3.<receiver> elements for broadcast receivers4.<provider> elements for content providersActivities.services.an.conten.provider.tha.yo.includ.i.yo u.sourc.bu.d.no.declar.i.th.manifes.ar.no.visibl.t.th.syste. and.consequently.ca.neve.run.However.broadcas.receiver.ca.b. eithe.declare.i.th.manifes.o.create.dynamicall.i.cod.(as Br oadcastReceiver objects.an.registere.wit.th.syste.b.callingregisterReceiver().Declaring component capabilitiesA.discusse.above.in .an In tent t.star.activities.services.an.broadcas.receivers.Yo.ca ponen.(ponen.c .i.th.intent.However.th.rea.powe.o.intent.lie.i.th.c oncep.o.inten.actions.Wit.inten.actions.yo.simpl.describ.th. typ.o.actio.yo.wan.t.perfor.(an.optionally.th.dat.upo.whic.y ou’ponen .o.th.devic.tha.ca.perfor.th.actio.an.star.it.I.ther.ar.mult ponent.tha.ca.perfor.th.actio.describe.b.th.intent.th e.The way the system identifies the components that can respond to an intent is by comparing the intent received to the intent filters provided in the manifest other applications on the device.ponen.i.you.application'.manifest.yo.ca .optionall.includ.inten.filter.tha.declar.th.capabilitie.o.t ponen.s.i.ca.respon.t.intent.fro.othe.applications.Yo.c ponen.b.addin.an <intent-f ilter> ponent'.declaratio.element.posin..n e.emai.migh.declar.a.inten.filte.i.it.manifes.entr.t.respon. t."send.intent.(i.orde.t.sen.email).A.activit.i.you.applicat io.ca.the.creat.a.inten.wit.th.“send.actio.(ACTION_SEND).whic.th.syste.matche.t.th.emai.ap plication’.“unche.i.whe.yo.invok.th.inten.with star tActivity().For more about creating intent filters, see the Intents and Intent Filters document.Declaring application requirementsTher.ar..variet.o.device.powere.b.Androi.an.no.al.o.the.p rovid.th.sam.feature.an.capabilities.I.orde.t.preven.you.app c.feature.neede.b.y ou.application.it'.importan.tha.yo.clearl.defin..pr.th.type. o.device.you.applicatio.support.b.declarin.devic.an.softwar. requirement.i.you.manifes.file.Mos.o.thes.declaration.ar.informationa.onl.an.th.syste.doe.no.rea.them.bu.externa.service er. whe.the.searc.fo.application.fro.thei.device.e.API.int roduce.i.Androi.2..(AP.Level 7).yo.shoul.declar.thes.a.requ irement.i.you.manifes.file.Tha.way.device.tha.do not hav.. camer.an.hav.a.Androi.version lower tha.2..canno.instal.yo u.applicatio.fro.Googl.Play.e.th.camera .bu.doe.not require it.I.tha.case.you.applicatio.mus.perfo r..chec.a.runtim.t.determin.i.th.devic.ha..camer.an.disabl.a .th.camer.i.on.i.no.available.Here are some of the important device characteristics that you should consider as you design and develop your application: Screen size and densityI.orde.t.categoriz.device.b.thei.scree.type.Androi.defin e.tw.characteristic.fo.eac.device.scree.siz.(th.physica.dime nsion.o.th.screen.an.scree.densit.(th.physica.densit.o.th.pi xel.o.th.screen.o.dpi—dot.pe.inch).T.simplif.al.th.differen.type.o.scree.configura tions.th.Androi.syste.generalize.the.int.selec.group.tha.mak .the.easie.t.target.The screen sizes are: small, normal, large, and extra large. The screen densities are: low density, medium density, high density, and extra high density.patibl.wit.al.scree.size.a n.densities.becaus.th.Androi.syste.make.th.appropriat.adjust you.an.imag.resources.However.yo.shoul.creat. yout.fo.certai.scree.size.an.provid.specialize. you.resources.an .b.declarin.i.you.manifes.exactl.whic.scree.size.you.applica tio.support.wit.the <supports-screens> element.For more information, see the Supporting Multiple Screens document.Input configurationse.inpu.mechanism.suc.a.. hardwar.keyboard..trackball.o..five-wa.navigatio.pad.I.you.a pplicatio.require..particula.kin.o.inpu.hardware.the.yo.shou l.declar.i.i.you.manifes.wit.the <uses-configuration> elem ent.However.i.i.rar.tha.a.applicatio.shoul.requir..certai.in pu.configuration.Device featuresTher.ar.man.hardwar.an.softwar.feature.tha.ma.o.ma.no.exis.o ..give.Android-powere.device.suc.a..camera..ligh.sensor.blue tooth..certai.versio.o.OpenGL.o.th.fidelit.o.th.touchscreen.Yo.shoul.neve.assum.tha..certai.featur.i.availabl.o.al.Andro id-powere.device.(othe.tha.th.availabilit.o.th.standar.Andro i.library)e.b.you.applicatio .wit.the <uses-feature> element.Platform VersionDifferen.Android-powere.device.ofte.ru.differen.version.o.th .Androi.platform.suc.a.Androi.1..o.Androi.2.3.Eac.successiv. versio.ofte.include.additiona.API.no.availabl.i.th.previou.v ersion.I.orde.t.indicat.whic.se.o.API.ar.available.eac.platf or.versio.specifie.an AP.Level (fo.example.Androi.1..i.AP. Leve..an.Androi.2..i.AP.Leve.9).an.API.tha.wer.adde. t.th.platfor.afte.versio.1.0.yo.shoul.declar.th.minimu.AP.Le in.the <uses-sdk> eleme nt.It'.importan.tha.yo.declar.al.suc.requirement.fo.you.appl ication.because.whe.yo.distribut.you.applicatio.o.Googl.Play e.thes.declaration.t.filte.whic.application.ar.av ailabl.o.eac.device.A.such.you.applicatio.shoul.b.availabl.o nl.t.device.tha.mee.al.you.applicatio.requirements.For more information about how Google Play filters applications based on these (and other) requirements, see the Filters on Google Play document.Application Resourcespose.o.mor.tha.jus.code—i.require.resource.tha.ar.separat.fro.th.sourc.code.suc.a.im ages.audi.files.an.anythin.relatin.t.th.visua.presentatio.o. th.application.Fo.example.yo.shoul.defin.animations.menus.st e.interface.wit.XM.files .Usin.applicatio.resource.make.i.eas.t.updat.variou.characte ristic.o.you.applicatio.withou.modifyin.cod.and—b.providin.set.o.alternativ.resources—enable.yo.t.optimiz.you.applicatio.fo..variet.o.devic.config uration.(nguage.an.scree.sizes).Fo.ever.resourc.tha.yo.includ.i.you.Androi.project.th.SD. .t.referenc.th .resourc.fro.you.applicatio.cod.o.fro.othe.resource.define.i .XML.Fo.example.i.you.applicatio.contain.a.imag. logo.png (save.i.the res/drawable/ directory).th.SD.tool.generat..r d .t.referenc.th. e.interface.On.o.th.mos.importan.aspect.o.providin.resource.separat.f ro.you.sourc.cod.i.th.abilit.fo.yo.t.provid.alternativ.resou rce.fo.differen.devic.configurations.Fo.example.b.definin.U. nguage.an.snguag.qualifie .tha.yo.appen.t.th.resourc.directory'.nam.(suc.as res/value s-fr/ er'.languag.setting.th. nguag.string.t.you.UI.Androi.support.man.different qualifiers fo.you.alternat iv.resources.Th.qualifie.i..shor.strin.tha.yo.includ.i.th.na m.o.you.resourc.directorie.i.orde.t.defin.th.devic.configura ed.A.anothe.example.yo.s yout.fo.you.activities.dependin.o .th.device'.scree.orientatio.an.size.Fo.example.whe.th.devic .scree.i.i.portrai.orientatio.(tall)you.wit. ndscap.orientatio. (wide)yo yout.a yout'.Th you.dependin .o.th.curren.devic.orientation.For more about the different kinds of resources you can include in your application and how to create alternative resources for various device configurations, see theApplication Resources developer guide.安卓应用基础在Java编程语言编写的Android应用程序的Android的SDK工具编译代码以及及任何数据和到一个Android的包, 一个归档文件档案资源的.apk后缀, 所有的在一个单一的代码.apk文件被认为是一个应用程序, 是Android的文件, 供电设备来安装应用程序。
安卓开发英文参考文献(精选120个最新)
随着社会经济的发展以及科学技术的进步，智能手机以及个人电脑被广泛应用在人们的日常生产生活中。
安卓操作系统作为智能的操作系统，其具有高度的开放性，使得智能手机以及个人电脑具有较大的应用优势，下面是安卓开发英文参考文献，欢迎借鉴参考。
安卓开发英文参考文献一： [1]Haomin Song,Duanqing Xu. The Design and Development of a Full Range of Display System for 3D Images Based on AndroidSmartphone[P]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Education, Management, Commerce and Society,2015. [2]Iva Evry Robyansah. The Development of “Ayo Membaca” Android Application for Reading Assessment[P]. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education Innovation (ICEI 2018),2018. [3]Qingru Lu,Haiyan Xin,Hui Huang,Yunlong Geng. Design and Development of Multifunction Map Software Based on AndroidPlatform[P]. Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation,2015. [4]Hongsheng Zhang. Research on Software Development and Test Environment Automation based on Android Platform[P]. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Mechatronics Engineering and Information Technology (ICMEIT 2019),2019. [5]Yong-fei Ye,Ming-he Liu,Xiao Zhang,Xing-hua Sun,Nai-di Liu. Application and Research of Blended Teaching Model in Programming Courses --- Android Application Development Course as an Example[P]. Proceedings of the 3d International Conference on Applied Social Science Research,2016. [6]Xinge Li. The development of designated driving application based on Android platform and Ali cloud sever[P]. Proceedings of the 2016 2nd Workshop on Advanced Research and Technology in Industry Applications,2016. [7]Winda Dwi Fitria,Achmad Lutfi. Development Of Wind’s Maze Chemistry Game Based On Android As A Learning Media On Hydrocarbon Matter For Eleventh Grade Senior High School[P]. Proceedings of the Seminar Nasional Kimia - National Seminar on Chemistry (SNK2018),2018. [8]Fuling Li,Yong Li. Development of Mobile Security Guard Based on Android System[P]. Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Automation, Mechanical Control and Computational Engineering,2015. [9]Qinhua Lin. Mobile terminal 3D image reconstruction program development based on Android[P]. Proceedings of the 2015International Conference on Automation, Mechanical Control and Computational Engineering,2015. [10]Anan Sutisna,Elais Retnowati,Adi Irvansyah. Development of Peer Tutors Learning Media based on Android Application to Improve Learners Independence[P]. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Educational Sciences (ICES 2018),2019. [11]Agus Ria Kumara,Caraka Putra Bhakti,BudiAstuti,Suwarjo,Muhammad Alfarizqi Nizamuddin Ghiffari,Fathia Irbati Ammattulloh. Development of Android Application based on Holland's Theory of Individual Student Planning[P]. Joint proceedings of the International Conference on Social Science and Character Educations (IcoSSCE 2018) and International Conference on Social Studies, Moral, and Character Education (ICSMC 2018),2019. [12]Suherman,Defri Ahmad,Meira Parma Dewi,Heru Maulana. Paper Development of Actuarial E-learning Based on AndroidApplications[P]. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Mathematics and Mathematics Education 2018 (ICM2E 2018),2018. [13]Lan-Xin Zhu,Jia-Ming Zhang,Xiao-Li Rui,Xiao Liang. Research and Development of Android Client and Server Information Interaction Framework[P]. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Wireless Communication and Sensor Networks (WCSN 2016),2016. [14]Hongxin Hu,Ming Cui. Development Scheme of Mobile Campus Information Integration Platform Based on Android[P]. isccca-13,2013. [15]Junliang Wu,Liqing Mao. Study on Research Development and Application of Urban Logistics Platform Based on Android[P]. Proceedings of the 2018 6th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Computing Technology (ICMMCT 2018),2018. [16]Xiafu Pan. Anti-addiction System Development Based on Android Smartphone[P]. Proceedings of the 2016 3rd International Conference on Materials Engineering, Manufacturing Technology and Control,2016. [17]Xiufeng Shao,Xuemei Liu,Lingling Zhao. Development and Reform of Android Mobile Application Development Curriculum[P]. Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Simulation and Modelling,2016. [18]Hongchang Ke,Degang Kong. Research on Course Integration of Mobile Internet Device Programming (Android Program Development)[P]. Proceedings of the 2018 8th International Conference on Mechatronics, Computer and Education Informationization (MCEI 2018),2018. [19]Xin Xin Xie,Wen Zhun Huang. Research and Development of the Android Framework Smart Watches from the Data Security Point ofView[P]. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Informatics (AMEII2016),2016. [20]Abdel-All Marwa,Angell Blake,Jan Stephen,Praveen D,Joshi Rohina. The development of an Android platform to undertake a discrete choice experiment in a low resource setting.[J]. Archivesof public health=Archives belges de sante publique,2019,77. [21]Abdul Mutholib,Teddy S Gunawan,Jalel Chebil,Mira Kartiwi. Development of Portable Automatic Number Plate Recognition System on Android Mobile Phone[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering,2013,53(1). [22]Iliana Mohd Ali,Nooraida Samsudin. The Design and Development of BMI Calc Android Application[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering,2016,160(1). [23]Ashutosh Gupta,Tathagata Ghosh,Pradeep Kumar,Shruthi. S Bhawna. Development of Android Based Powered Intelligent Wheelchair for Quadriplegic Persons[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering,2017,225(1). [24]Ashutosh Gupta,Pradeep Kumar,Tathagata Ghosh,Shruthi. S Bhawna. Development of Android based Smart Power Saving System[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science andEngineering,2017,225(1). [25]P Sihombing,Y M Siregar,J T Tarigan,I Jaya,A Turnip. Development of building security integration system using sensors, microcontroller and GPS (Global Positioning System) based android smartphone[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2018,978(1). [26]R F Rahmat,O R Fahrani,S Purnamawati,M F Pasha. The development of indonesian traditional bekel game in androidplatform[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2018,978(1). [27]P Hendikawati,R Arifudin,M Z Zahid. Development of computer-assisted instruction application for statistical data analysis android platform as learning resource[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2018,983(1). [28]Hartatik,F Febriyanto,H Munawaroh. Development ofApplications about Hazards and Preventions of Drug Based OnAndroid[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering,2018,333(1). [29]R Widyastuti,H Soegiyanto,Y Yusup. The Development of Geo Smart Based Android for Geography Learning Media on Hydrosphere Material and Its Impact towards Life on Earth[J]. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science,2018,145(1). [30]Mohar Kassim,Ahmad Mujahid Ahmad Zaidi,Rahmat Sholihin Mokhtar. Development of Android Application for Measuring Cardiovascular Endurance Fitness for Military Cadet Officers[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2018,1020(1). 安卓开发英文参考文献二： [31]Abdul Rahman,Mulbar Usman,Ansari Saleh Ahmar. The Development of Android and Web-based Logical Thinking Measurement Tools as an Alternative Solution for Research Instruments[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2018,1028(1). [32]M. Reza Dwi Saputra,Heru Kuswanto. Development of Physics Mobile (Android) Learning Themed Indonesian Culture Hombo Batu onthe Topic of Newton’s Law and Parabolic Motion for Class XSMA/MA[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2018,1097(1). [33]M Yusro,Rikawarastuti. Development of Smart Infusion Control and Monitoring System (SICoMS) Based Web and Android Application[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science andEngineering,2018,434(1). [34]Daniel Patricko Hutabarat,Santoso Budijono,Robby Saleh. Development of home security system using ESP8266 and android smartphone as the monitoring tool[J]. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science,2018,195(1). [35]C M Zhang,L S Zhang,T Zhang,S T Zhang. Development of a machine tool auxiliary machining system based on android phone[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science andEngineering,2019,504(1). [36]Ryan Ari Setyawan,Selo,Bimo Sunarfri Hantono. Effect of the Application of TEA Algorithm on the Development of Secure Phone Application Android Smartphones[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2019,1175(1). [37]M Basyir,W Mellyssa,S Suryati,M Munawar. Receiver Apps Development for Emergency Reporting System Based on AndroidPlatform[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering,2019,536(1). [38]B Angrian,T R Sahroni. Development of vendor management ande-Procurement systems using android platform[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering,2019,528(1). [39]O F Irianti,A Qohar. Development of Android BasedInstructional Media of Algebraic Tiles for Quadratic Equation[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2019,1227(1). [40]Fita Permata Sari,L. Ratnaningtyas,Insih Wilujeng,Jumadi,Heru Kuswanto. Development of Android Comics media on Thermodynamic Experiment to Map the Science Process Skill for Senior HighSchool[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2019,1233(1). [41]Puji Iman Nursuhud,Danis Alif Oktavia,Mas Aji Kurniawan,Insih Wilujeng,Jumadi,Heru Kuswanto. Multimedia Learning ModulesDevelopment based on Android Assisted in Light DiffractionConcept[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2019,1233(1). [42]Dadan Rosana,Didik Setyawarno,Wita Setyaningsih. Development Model of Students’ Innert-Depend Strategies to Face Disruption Era Through Best Practice Film of Android Based Learning of Pancasila Character Value[J]. Journal of Physics: ConferenceSeries,2019,1233(1). [43]Syafridatun Nikmah,Faruq Haroky,Jumadi,Insih Wilujeng,Heru Kuswanto. Development of Android Comic Media for the Chapter of Newton’s Gravity to Map Learning Motivation of Students[J]. Journal of Physics: Conference Series,2019,1233(1). [44]Firdy Yuana,Sugeng Rianto,Achmad Hidayat. Development of Balmer Series Experiment Simulator in Mobile and AndroidApplications[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering,2019,546(5). [45]Arilson José de Oliveira Júnior,Silvia Regina Lucas de Souza,Vasco Fitas da Cruz,Tiago Aparecido Vicentin,Andreia Soares Gon?alves Glavina. Development of an android APP to calculatethermal comfort indexes on animals and people[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2018,151. [46]Gabriel B. Holanda,Jo?o Wellington M. Souza,Daniel A.Lima,Leandro B. Marinho,Anaxágoras M. Gir?o,Jo?o Batista Bezerra Frota,Pedro P. Rebou?as Filho. Development of OCR system on android platforms to aid reading with a refreshable braille display in real time[J]. Measurement,2018,120. [47]Omar Ben Bahri,Kamel Besbes. Didactic satellite based on Android platform for space operation demonstration anddevelopment[J]. Advances in Space Research,2018,61(6). [48]Alexander A S Gunawan,William,Boby Hartanto,AdityaMili,Widodo Budiharto,Afan G Salman,Natalia Chandra. Development of Affordable and Powerful Swarm Mobile Robot Based on Smartphone Android and IOIO board[J]. Procedia Computer Science,2017,116. [49]Tao Liu,Wen Chen,Yifan Wang,Wei Wu,Chengming Sun,Jinfeng Ding,Wenshan Guo. Rice and wheat grain counting method and software development based on Android system[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2017,141. [50]Weizhao Yuan,Hoang H. Nguyen,Lingxiao Jiang,YutingChen,Jianjun Zhao,Haibo Yu. API recommendation for event-driven Android application development[J]. Information and Software Technology,2018. [51]Faizal Johan Atletiko. Development of Android Application for Courier Monitoring System[J]. Procedia Computer Science,2017,124. [52]Krill, Paul. Apple's Swift takes first steps toward Android app development[J]. ,2015. [53]Bruce Harpham,Bruce Harpham. How to break into Android development[J]. ,2016. [54]Paul Krill,Paul Krill. Android Studio 2.1 eases path to Android N development[J]. ,2016. [55]S A Moraru,A C Manea,D Kristaly,C L Cristoiu. THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR TOURISTS USING THE ANDROID PLATFORM (II)[J]. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Engineering Sciences. Series I,2015,8(2). [56]D Kristaly,A C Manea,S A Moraru,C L Cristoiu. THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR TOURISTS USING THE ANDROID PLATFORM (I)[J]. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Engineering Sciences. Series I,2015,8(2). [57]. Robotics - Androids; New Robotics - Androids Findings from S. Alfayad and Co-Researchers Described (Development of lightweight hydraulic cylinder for humanoid robots applications)[J]. Journal of Engineering,2018. [60]Anupama S,U. B Mahadevaswamy. Design and Development of a Smart Device for Energy Monitoring and Control of Domestic Appliances: An Android Application[J]. International Journal of Image, Graphics and Signal Processing(IJIGSP),2018,10(1). 安卓开发英文参考文献三： [61]Muhammad Noman Riaz,Adeel Ikram. Development of a Secure SMS Application using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) on Android Platform[J]. International Journal of Mathematical Sciences and Computing(IJMSC),2018,4(2). [62]FURUYAMA Shoichi,NAKAMURA Takeru,KOBAYASHI Tatsuya,FUJISHIMA Masaki,MANAKA Atsushi,IRIE Mitsuteru. Development of Water Quality Measurement Application on Android Device[J]. Journal of Arid Land Studies,2017,27(1). [63]TAKEI Sho,YAMAUCHI Daichi,MORITA Yoshifumi,SATO Noritaka. Development of an android model of knee joint with patella[J]. The Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec),2016,2016(0). [64]NAKAGITA Tomonori,KAWATANI Ryoji. 1P2-A03 Development of welfare truck robot control system by Android devices(Welfare Robotics and Mechatronics (3))[J]. The Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec),2014,2014(0). [65]Sampei KOTA,Ogawa Miho,Cotes Carlos,MIKI Norihisa. 3A1-R03 Development of Android Applications by Using See-Through-TypeWearable Eye-Gaze Tracking System(Wearable Robotics)[J]. The Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec),2014,2014(0). [66]AOKI Toshihiro,TANIGUCHI Katsunori,YOSHIOKA Masao,YAMAGUCHI Satoshi,UEDA Makoto,NAKAMA Yuuki. 2A18 Engineering education using the theme of Android application development[J]. Proceedings of Annual Conference of Japanese Society for EngineeringEducation,2014,2014(0). [67]MIURA Yukiko,MIYAMOTO Akira,Yi Yu,Gang Yu Zhi,KUCHII Shigeru. Research and Development of the Social Robot Using the Recognition Technology and Android Application[J]. The Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics(Robomec),2016,2016(0). [68]Hosam Farouk El-Sofany,Samir Abou El-Seoud,Hassan M. Alwadani,Amer E. Alwadani. Development of Mobile EducationalServices Application to Improve Educational Outcomes using Android Technology[J]. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies,2014,8(2). [69]V. Makarenko,O. Olshevska,Yu. Kornienko. AN ARCHITECTURAL APPROACH FOR QUALITY IMPROVING OF ANDROID APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT WHICH IMPLEMENTED TO COMMUNICATION APPLICATION FOR MECHATRONICS ROBOT LABORATORY ONAFT[J]. Avtomatizaci? Tehnologi?eskih i Biznes-Processov,2017,9(3). [70]Fikrul Arif Nadra,Heri Kurniawan,Muhammad Hafizhuddin Hilman. PROPOSED ARCHITECTURE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NFCAFE: AN NFC-BASED ANDROID MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR TRADING TRANSACTION SYSTEM IN CAFETARIA[J]. Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi,2013,6(1). [71]Shi Yi Ping. The Development of Tanks War Mobile Game based on Android System[J]. MATEC Web of Conferences,2016,63. [72]Fajar Nugroho,Pudji Muljono,Irman Hermadi. DEVELOPMENT OF ONLINE PUBLIC ACCESS CATALOG (OPAC) BASED ANDROID ON LIBRARY UPN "VETERAN" JAKARTA[J]. Edulib: Journal of Library and Information Science,2017,7(2). [73]Arturo Mascorro,Francisco Mesa,Jose Alvarez,Laura Cruz. Native Development Kit and Software Development Kit Comparison for Android Applications[J]. International Journal of Information and Communication Technologies in Education,2017,6(3). [74]César Fernández,María Asunción Vicente,M. Mar Galotto,Miguel Martinez‐Rach,Alejandro Pomares. Improving student engagement on programming using app development with Android devices[J]. Computer Applications in Engineering Education,2017,25(5). [75]Bárbara Crespo,Guillermo Rey,Carla Míguez,José Luis Míguez Tabarés,José De Lara. Development of a new android application toremotely control a micro‐cogeneration system as e‐learning tool[J]. Computer Applications in Engineering Education,2016,24(4). [76]Junwei Wu,Liwei Shen,Wunan Guo,Wenyun Zhao. Code recommendation for android development: how does it work and what can be improved?[J]. Science China Information Sciences,2017,60(9). [77]Yi-ping SHI,Jian-ping YUAN,Peng JIANG. The Development of Mobile Shopping System Based on Android Platform[P]. 2ndInternational Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechatronics Engineering (AMME 2017),2017. [78]YUNJU CHANG,XUESONG LENG,GUOWAN MU,HANYU QIN,GUANG SU,ZHIHENG YANG,KUIYU LAN. Design and Development of Mobile Learning Platform Based on Android for College Physics Experiment Courses[P]. 3rd International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Intellectualization (ICEITI 2017),2017. [79]Qiang CHEN,Jia-Jia WU. Research on Course of Integrating Android Development and Embedded Software[P]. 3rd International Conference on Education and Social Development (ICESD 2017),2017. [80]Alexander Chatzigeorgiou,Tryfon L. Theodorou,George E. Violettas,Stelios Xinogalos. Blending an Android development course with software engineering concepts[J]. Education and Information Technologies,2016,21(6). [81]Yasushige Ishikawa,Craig Smith,Mutsumi Kondo,IchiroAkano,Kate Maher,Norihisa Wada. Development and Use of an EFL Reading Practice Application for an Android Tablet Computer[J]. International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning(IJMBL),2014,6(3). [82]Liguo Yu. From Android Bug Reports to Android Bug Handling Process: An Empirical Study of Open-Source Development[J]. International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes (IJOSSP),2016,7(4). [83]Nurul Farhana Jumaat,Zaidatun Tasir. Integrating Project Based Learning Environment into the Design and Development of Mobile Apps for Learning 2D-Animation[J]. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences,2013,103. [84]Chan Daraly Chin,Watit Benjapolakul. NFC-enabled Android Smartphone Application Development to Hide 4 Digits Passcode for Access Control System[J]. Procedia Computer Science,2016,86. [85]Haolun Xu,Jinling Zhao,YaLi Li,ChangQuan Xu. The development of SHS-SWTHS designing software based on windows and android mobile device platforms[J]. Renewable Energy,2015,84. [86]Agnes Kurniati,Nadia,Fidelson Tanzil,Fredy Purnomo. Game Development “Tales of Mamochi” with Role Playing Game Concept Based on Android[J]. Procedia Computer Science,2015,59. [87]Tom Gaffney. Following in the footsteps of Windows: how Android malware development is looking very familiar[J]. Network Security,2013,2013(8). [88]Rattanathip Rattanachai,Ponlawat Sreekaewin,Thitiporn Sittichailapa. Development of Thai Rice Implantation Recommend System Based on Android Operating System[J]. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences,2015,197. [89]Farshad Vesali,Mahmoud Omid,Amy Kaleita,Hossein Mobli. Development of an android app to estimate chlorophyll content ofcorn leaves based on contact imaging[J]. Computers and Electronicsin Agriculture,2015,116. [90]Pedro Daniel Urbina Coronado,Horacio Ahuett-Garza,Vishnu-Baba Sundaresan,Ruben Morales-Menendez,Kang Li. Development of an Android OS Based Controller of a Double Motor Propulsion System for Connected Electric Vehicles and Communication Delays Analysis[J]. Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2015,2015. 安卓开发英文参考文献四： [91]Andy S.Y. Lai,S.Y. Leung. Mobile Bluetooth-Based Game Development Using Arduino on Android Platform[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,2748. [92]Yan Mei liu,Yong Gang Li,Hua E Wang. Research and Development of the Sweater Mass Customization System Based on Android[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,2755. [93]Yi Ping Shi,Hong Wang. The Development of Intelligent Mobile Phone Game Based on Android System[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,2529. [94]Hong Xin Hu,Ming Cui. Development Scheme of Mobile Campus Information Integration Platform Based on Android[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,2560. [95]Yi Ping Shi. The Development of Sokoban Game Based on Android System[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,3334. [96]Shuang Zhu Zhao,Ting Zhang,Xiao Na Liu. An Application Development Based on Android Platform － The Design and Realization of the Mood Release System[J]. Applied Mechanics andMaterials,2014,2948. [97]Jin Zang,Xue Yu Chen,Yin Hu,Miao Yang,Wei Ping Wang. Design and Development of the Intelligent Glasses Based on Android[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,3634. [98]Bin Wen Fan,Xuan Xuan Fang,Ga Pan. The Fax Software Development of Smart Fixed Phone Based on Android Platform[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,3391. [99]Ji Hai Chen,Qiu Jun Li. Development of RFID Reader System Based on Android[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2015,3752. [100]Ming Li Ding,Lu Peng Li,Ming Lun Ding. Development of Bluetooth Roll Call System Based on Android Platform[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,3147. [101]Xue Yu Chen,Jin Zang,Miao Yang,Wei Ping Wang,Yin Hu. Design and Development of Self-Help Emergency Device Based on the Android Intelligence Platform[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,3634. [102]Shao Feng Lin,Yao Zhou,Ruo Yin Wang,Jing Jing Zhang. GoogleMap Application Development in Android Platform[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,2987. [103]Qiang Cao,Hua Lai,Wen Qing Ge,Ming Jie Qi. Research and Development of Mobile Termination for the Steel Quality Evaluation System Based on Android[J]. Applied Mechanics andMaterials,2014,2987. [104]Shi Wei Xu,Zhe Min Li,Jian Hua Zhang,Fan Tao Kong. Development of the Monitoring and Early Warning System for Agricultural Market Information Based on Android Smart Phone[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2014,3382. [105]Xiang Huang. Software Development and Application Research Based on Android Operating System[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,3207. [106]Chun Mei Li. Design and Development of English Electronic Dictionary Based on Android Platform[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2014,3137. [107]Li Wu,Jian Wei Shen. The Development of Android Mobile Game Based on App Inventor2[J]. Advanced Materials Research,2014,3227. [108]Alejandro Acosta,Francisco Almeida. Android $$^\mathrm{TM}$$ <mrow> TM development and performance analysis[J]. The Journal of Supercomputing,2014,70(2).</mrow> [109]Munihanumaiah, P.,Sarojadevi, H.. Design and development of network-based consumer applications on Android[P]. Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), 2014 International Conference on,2014. [110]Wen-Pinn Fang,Sheng-Hsuan Lu,Ming-Hao Liu,Ting-HungLai,Shan-Chun Hung,Yin-Feng Huang,Chii-Jen Chen. Web Base Android Application Development System[P]. Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C), 2014 International Symposium on,2014. [111]Abtahi, F.,Berndtsson, A.,Abtahi, S.,Seoane, F.,Lindecrantz, K.. Development and preliminary evaluation of an Android based heart rate variability biofeedback system[P]. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE,2014. [112]Sujatha, K.,Nageswara Rao, P.V.,Sruthi, K.J.,Arjuna Rao, A.. Design and development of android mobile based bus trackingsystem[P]. Networks & Soft Computing (ICNSC), 2014 FirstInternational Conference on,2014. [113]Weir, Alexander J.,Paterson, Craig A.,Tieges,Zoe,MacLullich, Alasdair M.,Parra-Rodriguez, Mario,Della Sala, Sergio,Logie, Robert H.. Development of Android apps for cognitive assessment of dementia and delirium[P]. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2014 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE,2014. [114]K, Jiju,P, Ramesh,P, Brijesh,B, Sreekumari. Development of Android based on-line monitoring and control system for Renewable Energy Sources[P]. Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT), 2014 International Conference on,2014. [115]Savola, Reijo M.,Kylanpaa, Markku. Security objectives, controls and metrics development for an Android smartphoneapplication[P]. Information Security for South Africa (ISSA),2014,2014. [116]Sekar, B.,Liu, J.B.. Location based mobile apps development on Android platform[P]. Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA), 2014 IEEE 9th Conference on,2014. [117]Guobin Wu,Zheng Xie,Xin'an Wang. Development of a mind-controlled Android racing game using a brain computer interface (BCI)[P]. Information Science and Technology (ICIST), 2014 4th IEEE International Conference on,2014. [118]Dra?en Hi?ak,Matija Mikac. Development of a Simple Tool for Audio Analysis on Mobile Android Platform[J]. TechnicalJournal,2013,7(2). [119]Zoran Vrhovski,Tomislav Kurtanjek,Marko Mileti?. Development of the system for agricultural land measuring using the android operating system[J]. Technical Journal,2013,7(4). [120]Christopher Dong,Xing Liu. Development of AndroidApplication for Language Studies[J]. IERI Procedia,2013,4. 以上就是关于安卓开发英文参考文献的分享，希望对你有所帮助。
(完整版)基于Android开发的外文文献
AndroidAndroid, as a system, is a Java-based operating system that runs on the Linux 2.6 kernel. The system is very lightweight and full featured. Android applications are developed using Java and can be ported rather easily to the new platform. If you have not yet downloaded Java or are unsure about which version you need, I detail the installation of the development environment in Chapter 2. Other features of Android include an accelerated 3-D graphics engine (based on hardware support), database support powered by SQLite, and an integrated web browser.If you are familiar with Java programming or are an OOP developer of any sort, you are likely used to programmatic user interface (UI) development—that is, UI placement which is handled directly within the program code. Android, while recognizing and allowing for programmatic UI development, also supports the newer, XML-based UI layout. XML UI layout is a fairly new concept to the average desktop developer. I will cover both the XML UI layout and the programmatic UI development in the supporting chapters of this book.One of the more exciting and compelling features of Android is that, because of its architecture, third-party applications—including those that are “home grown”—are executed with the same system priority as those that are bundled with the core system. This is a major departure from most systems, which give embedded system apps a greater execution priority than the thread priority available to apps created by third-party developers. Also, each application is executed within its own thread using a very lightweight virtual machine.Aside from the very generous SDK and the well-formed libraries that are available to us to develop with, the most exciting feature for Android developers is that we now have access to anything the operating system has access to. In other words, if you want to create an application that dials the phone, you have access to the phone’s dialer; if you want to create an application that utilizes the phone’s internal GPS (if equipped), you have access to it. The potential for developers to create dynamic and intriguing applications is now wide open.On top of all the features that are available from the Android side of the equation, Google has thrown in some very tantalizing features of its own. Developers of Android applications will be able to tie their applications into existing Google offerings such as Google Maps and the omnipresent Google Search. Suppose you want to write an application that pulls up a Google map of where an incoming call is emanating from, or you want to be able to store common search results with your contacts; the doors of possibility have been flung wide open with Android.Chapter 2 begins your journey to Android development. You will learn the how’s and why’s of using specific development environments or integrated development environments (IDE), and you will download and install the Java IDE Eclipse.Application ComponentsA central feature of Android is that one application can make use of elements of other applications (provided those applications permit it). For example, if your application needs to display a scrolling list of images and another application has developed a suitable scroller and made it available to others, you can call upon that scroller to do the work, rather than develop your own. Your application doesn't incorporate the code of the other application or link to it. Rather, it simply starts up that piece of the other application when the need arises.For this to work, the system must be able to start an application process when any part of it is needed, and instantiate the Java objects for that part. Therefore, unlike applications on most other systems, Android applications don't have a single entry point for everything in the application (no main() function, for example). Rather, they have essential components that the system can instantiate and run as needed. There are four types of components:ActivitiesAn activity presents a visual user interface for one focused endeavor the user can undertake. For example, an activity might present a list of menu items users can choose from or it might display photographs along with their captions. A text messaging application might have one activity that shows a list of contacts to send messages to, a second activity to write the message to the chosen contact, and otheractivities to review old messages or change settings. Though they work together to form a cohesive user interface, each activity is independent of the others. Each one is implemented as a subclass of the Activity base class.An application might consist of just one activity or, like the text messaging application just mentioned, it may contain several. What the activities are, and how many there are depends, of course, on the application and its design. Typically, one of the activities is marked as the first one that should be presented to the user when the application is launched. Moving from one activity to another is accomplished by having the current activity start the next one.Each activity is given a default window to draw in. Typically, the window fills the screen, but it might be smaller than the screen and float on top of other windows. An activity can also make use of additional windows — for example, a pop-up dialog that calls for a user response in the midst of the activity, or a window that presents users with vital information when they select a particular item on-screen.The visual content of the window is provided by a hierarchy of views — objects derived from the base View class. Each view controls a particular rectangular space within the window. Parent views contain and organize the layout of their children. Leaf views (those at the bottom of the hierarchy) draw in the rectangles they control and respond to user actions directed at that space. Thus, views are where the activity's interaction with the user takes place.For example, a view might display a small image and initiate an action when the user taps that image. Android has a number of ready-made views that you can use — including buttons, text fields, scroll bars, menu items, check boxes, and more.A view hierarchy is placed within an activity's window by the Activity.setContentView() method. The content view is the View object at the root of the hierarchy. (See the separate User Interface document for more information on views and the hierarchy.)ServicesA service doesn't have a visual user interface, but rather runs in the background for an indefinite period of time. For example, a service might play background musicas the user attends to other matters, or it might fetch data over the network or calculate something and provide the result to activities that need it. Each service extends the Service base class.A prime example is a media player playing songs from a play list. The player application would probably have one or more activities that allow the user to choose songs and start playing them. However, the music playback itself would not be handled by an activity because users will expect the music to keep playing even after they leave the player and begin something different. To keep the music going, the media player activity could start a service to run in the background. The system would then keep the music playback service running even after the activity that started it leaves the screen.It's possible to connect to (bind to) an ongoing service (and start the service if it's not already running). While connected, you can communicate with the service through an interface that the service exposes. For the music service, this interface might allow users to pause, rewind, stop, and restart the playback.Like activities and the other components, services run in the main thread of the application process. So that they won't block other components or the user interface, they often spawn another thread for time-consuming tasks (like music playback). See Processes and Threads, later.Broadcast receiversA broadcast receiver is a component that does nothing but receive and react to broadcast announcements. Many broadcasts originate in system code — for example, announcements that the timezone has changed, that the battery is low, that a picture has been taken, or that the user changed a language preference. Applications can also initiate broadcasts — for example, to let other applications know that some data has been downloaded to the device and is available for them to use.An application can have any number of broadcast receivers to respond to any announcements it considers important. All receivers extend the BroadcastReceiver base class.Broadcast receivers do not display a user interface. However, they may start anactivity in response to the information they receive, or they may use the NotificationManager to alert the user. Notifications can get the user's attention in various ways — flashing the backlight, vibrating the device, playing a sound, and so on. They typically place a persistent icon in the status bar, which users can open to get the message.Content providersA content provider makes a specific set of the application's data available to other applications. The data can be stored in the file system, in an SQLite database, or in any other manner that makes sense. The content provider extends the ContentProvider base class to implement a standard set of methods that enable other applications to retrieve and store data of the type it controls. However, applications do not call these methods directly. Rather they use a ContentResolver object and call its methods instead. A ContentResolver can talk to any content provider; it cooperates with the provider to manage any interprocess communication that's involved.See the separate Content Providers document for more information on using content providers.Whenever there's a request that should be handled by a particular component, Android makes sure that the application process of the component is running, starting it if necessary, and that an appropriate instance of the component is available, creating the instance if necessary.Key Skills & Concepts●Creating new Android projects●Working with Views●Using a TextView●Modifying the main.xml fileCreating Your First Android Project in EclipseTo start your first Android project, open Eclipse. When you open Eclipse for the first time, it opens to an empty development environment (see Figure 5-1), which is where you want to begin. Your first task is to set up and name the workspace for your application. Choose File | New | Android Project, which will launch the New AndroidProject wizard.CAUTION Do not select Java Project from the New menu. While Android applications are written in Java, and you are doing all of your development in Java projects, this option will create a standard Java application. Selecting Android Project enables you to create Android-specific applications.If you do not see the option for Android Project, this indicates that the Android plugin for Eclipse was not fully or correctly installed. Review the procedure in Chapter 3 for installing the Android plugin for Eclipse to correct this.The New Android Project wizard creates two things for youA shell application that ties into the Android SDK, using the android.jar file, and ties the project into the Android Emulator. This allows you to code using all of the Android libraries and packages, and also lets you debug your applications in the proper environment.Your first shell files for the new project. These shell files contain some of the vital application blocks upon which you will be building your programs. In much the same way as creating a Microsoft .NET application in Visual Studio generates some Windows-created program code in your files, using the Android Project wizard in Eclipse generates your initial program files and some Android-created code. In addition, the New Android Project wizard contains a few options, shown next, that you must set to initiate your Android project. For the Project Name field, for purposes of this example, use the title HelloWorldText. This name sufficiently distinguishes this Hello World! project from the others that you will be creating in this chapter.In the Contents area, keep the default selections: the Create New Project in Workspace radio button should be selected and the Use Default Location check box should be checked. This will allow Eclipse to create your project in your default workspace directory. The advantage of keeping the default options is that your projects are kept in a central location, which makes ordering, managing, and finding these projects quite easy. For example, if you are working in a Unix-based environment, this path points to your $HOME directory.If you are working in a Microsoft Windows environment, the workspace pathwill be C:/Users/<username>/workspace, as shown in the previous illustration. However, for any number of reasons, you may want to uncheck the Use Default Location check box and select a different location for your project. One reason you may want to specify a different location here is simply if you want to choose a location for this specific project that is separate from other Android projects. For example, you may want to keep the projects that you create in this book in a different location from projects that you create in the future on your own. If so, simply override the Location option to specify your own custom location directory for this project.。
A Study on the Performance of Android Platform(外文翻译)
外文翻译题目安卓平台性能研究A Study on the Performance of AndroidPlatform姓名学号专业计算机科学与技术学制四年指导教师职称/学位讲师/硕士中国·武汉二○一七年一月安卓平台性能研究原文来源：Hyeon-Ju Yoon. A Study on the Performance of Android Platform. International Journal on Computer Science and Engineering. 2014: 532-537摘要由于Android平台广泛应用于包括智能移动设备在内的嵌入式系统设备，所以系统性能分析的需求显着增加。
系统性能通常由基准测试仪和剖析仪软件来测量。
我们使用基准应用程序和公共资料软件研究了Android平台的性能。
对于更多的细节和综合的性能分析，我们提出了一个Android平台的分析架构。
关键词安卓；性能；基准；剖析；1 引言智能手机和平板电脑让我们的生活发生了巨大变化。
最流行的智能设备操作系统是苹果的iOS和Google的Android。
由于Android是开源软件，并为开发人员提供免费的平台来制作自己的应用程序，许多硬件厂商都采用Android，市场份额也在不断增加。
即使平台是通用的，具有相同的软件功能，实际的性能随着硬件和其他软件组件的不同而不同。
所以每个硬件和软件开发人员都在努力实现更高的优化性能。
要发布智能手机产品的一些优选的软件，开发人员应该详细估计性能，以纠正或减少弱点。
在本文中，我们研究了两种用于测量系统性能，基准测试和分析软件的软件工具。
基准测试对于评估和估计每个设备和整个系统的相对水平非常有用，因此可以帮助我们选择硬件或调整系统变量以实现更高的性能。
分析软件跟踪程序活动并收集有关函数调用，内存使用，进程和通信的信息。
在分别引入代表性的基准和配置文件软件之后，我们提出了对标准工具的修改，并显示了简单的性能分析结果。
(完整版)基于Android平台的天气预报系统的设计与开发毕业论文
基于Android平台的天气预报系统的设计与开发摘要：安卓是谷歌于2008年推出的一个智能手机操作系统，其独特的设计模式使得开发手机软件变得非常简单。
该论文介绍了一款安卓天气预报的设计与实现过程。
用户可以通过主界面选择城市来获得包括风力、风向、紫外线强度等的天气信息。
基于手机的天气预报系统能够使用户对于各地的天气情况实时掌握,方便用户的出行和行程安排，具有一定的实用性。
关键字：实时预报，Android，温度检测，定位The Design and Development of Weather Forecast System based on theAndroid SystemAbstract: Android is a Smartphone system launched by Google in 2008, whose unique design pattern makes it easier to develop mobile phone softwares . The paper introduces the process of the design and implementation of a Android weather forecast system. Users can choose a city what he likes from the home screen to get access to the weather information ,including wind,wind direction,strong of ultraviolet light and so on.Weather forecast system based on mobile phone enables users to takethe real-time control of weather conditions of all parts,thus bringing great convenience to the user's travel and travel arrangements, and has a certain practicalityKeywords: real-time forecast, Android , Temperature detection , location毕业论文（设计）原创性声明本人所呈交的毕业论文（设计）是我在导师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。
最新2017android系统参考文献
参考文献是在学术研究过程中，对某一着作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴，其格式标准有固定的要求。
今天我们以android系统参考文献为例，精选了最新两年来160条，欢送各位借鉴。
android系统参考文献一：[1]任国强，刘镇业，李义德，张宝鹏，刘冬梅，刘立意。
土壤比贯入阻力测试装置研究-基于Android WIFI 控制[J]. 农机化研究，2021,〔07〕：143-147+174.[2]林宏，靳继红，禹玥昀，周开来。
免耕播种机漏播图像采集与传输系统设计--基于Android和4G通信[J]. 农机化研究，2021,〔05〕：206-210.[3]田磊，李丽，王明绪。
基于Android的玉米病虫害机器视觉诊断系统研究[J]. 农机化研究，2021,〔04〕：207-211.[4]叶海建，郎睿。
基于Android的自然背景下黄瓜霜霉病定量诊断系统[J]. 农业机械学报，2021,〔03〕：24-29.[5]王伟平，高跃进，林漫涛。
Android界面劫持攻击检测[J]. 工程科学与技术，2021,〔02〕：107-114.[6]董航，刘洋，李承泽，付戈，张淼，杨义先。
基于语义的Android敏感行为静态分析方法[J]. 电子科技大学学报，2021,〔02〕：434-440.[7]李晓东，祝跃飞，刘胜利，肖睿卿。
基于权限的Android应用程序平安审计方法[J]. 浙江大学学报〔工学版〕，2021,〔03〕：590-597.[8]张骁敏，刘静，庄俊玺，赖英旭。
基于权限与行为的Android恶意软件检测研究[J]. 网络与信息平安学报，2021,〔03〕：51-57.[9]方天恩，漆晶，马金辉，刘德庆，张朝阳。
基于Android的智能蓝牙温度计的研究与设计[J]. 电子技术应用，2021,〔03〕：73-76.[10]武一，张冀钊。
基于Android平台改良的室内WiFi定位算法的研究[J]. 电子技术应用，2021,〔03〕：77-79.[11]雒海东。
计算机科学与技术专业Android-API级别大学毕业论文英文文献翻译及原文
毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：Android API级别基于腾讯微博开放平台的数字教学交流系统文献、资料英文题目：Android API Levels文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期：院（部）：专业：计算机科学与技术班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期： 2017.02.14本科毕业设计(论文) 外文翻译（附外文原文）学院：信息科学与工程学院课题名称：基于腾讯微博开放平台的数字教学交流系统专业(方向)：计算机科学与技术Android API级别当你开发你的Android应用程序时，了解该平台API变更管理的基本方法和概念是很有帮助的。
同样的，知道API级别标识以及该标识如何保障你的应用与实际硬件设备相兼容对于开发及后续的发布、维护都是有益的。
本节内容告诉你API级别的知识，以及它如何影响你开发和使用的应用。
关于如何使用“以API级别进行过滤”来使用API参考手册，从本文末尾的文档过滤(Filtering the documentation)中可以得到更多信息。
API级别是什么？API级别是一个整数值，它唯一标识了一个具体版本的Android平台，及其框架的API的版本。
Android平台提供了一套框架API，使得应用程序可以与系统底层进行交互。
该框架API由以下模块组成：∙一组核心的包和类∙清单(manifest)文件的XML元素和属性声明∙资源文件的XML元素和属性声明及访问形式∙各类意图(Intents)∙应用程序可以请求的各类授权，以及系统中包含的授权执行每个Android平台的后续版本会包括它提供的更新的Android应用程序框架的API。
该框架的API的更新设计，使高版本的API与早期版本兼容。
也就是说，在新版本API中大多数都是新增功能，和引进新的或替代的功能。
作为API的部分升级，老的替换的部分已过时，但不会从新版本中删除，使得已有的应用程序仍然可以使用它们。
android论文参考文献
android论文参考文献android论文参考文献的引用是一次严谨的科研探索，以下是搜集的android论文参考文献，供大家阅读参考。
参考文献一：[1] 苏祥. 基于耦合锯齿时空混沌的虚拟光学加密系统[D]. 南京邮电大学 2014[2] 高继明. 数字图书馆中的用户管理问题研究[D]. 西北师范大学2006[3] 贾蕤铭. 基于Android系统的动态密钥管理方案的研究及实现[D]. 西北师范大学2014[4] 郑亚红. 无线传感器网络中的密钥管理方案研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2014[5] 慕莹莹. 无线传感器网络密钥管理方案[D]. 西北师范大学 2013[6] 蔡维. 基于RSA的可截取签名方案的研究[D]. 西北师范大学2013[7] 陈志强. 基于质心漂移聚类算法的LBS隐私保护研究[D]. 南京邮电大学 2014[8] 陈凯. 融入隐私保护的特征选择算法研究[D]. 南京邮电大学2014[9] 王筱娟. Ad-hoc网络密钥管理方案的相关研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2011[10] 于晓君. 基于MSC Pool的VLR备份技术的研究与实现[D]. 南京邮电大学 2014[11] 周静岚. 云存储数据隐私保护机制的研究[D]. 南京邮电大学2014[12] 秦树东. 音频数字水印算法的研究[D]. 南京邮电大学 2014[13] 孙佳男. 即开型电子彩票发行方案的相关研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2011[14] 孙龙. 可否认加密与可否认协议[D]. 西北师范大学 2011[15] 樊睿. 门限代理签名方案的研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2008[16] 易玮. 可搜索加密研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2009[17] 俞惠芳. 基于自认证的签密体制的研究[D]. 西北师范大学2009[18] 王会歌. 基于无证书公钥密码体制的若干签名方案的研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2009[19] 贾续涵. PKI中证书撤销机制和具有前向安全性的数字签名研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2007[20] 宋福英. 电子政务系统若干安全问题的研究[D]. 西北师范大学2007[21] 庞雅丽. 基于统计的中文新闻网页分类技术研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2007[22] 刘军龙. 可截取签名体制研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2007[23] 于成尊. 代理签名与多银行电子现金系统研究[D]. 西北师范大学 2007[24] 蓝才会. 具有特殊性质的签密相关研究[D]. 西北师范大学2008[25] 左为平. 指定验证人代理签名体制研究[D]. 西北师范大学2008参考文献二：[1] 李凤银. 电子公文中多人签名的设计与实现[J]. 计算机应用研究. 2005(06)[2] 倪红军. 基于Android系统的数据存储访问机制研究[J]. 计算机技术与发展. 2013(06)[3] 圣伟. 加入Android阵营--记首届亚太地区Android技术大会[J]. 程序员. 2009(06)[4] 金晨辉，孙莹. AES密码算法S盒的线性冗余研究[J]. 电子学报. 2004(04)[5] 尹京花，王华军. 基于Android开发的数据存储[J]. 数字通信.2012(06)[6] 叶晓静，黄俊伟. 基于Android系统的多媒体播放器解决方案[J]. 现代电子技术. 2011(24)[7] 秦凯. Android开源社区应用项目开发的效率研究[D]. 华南理工大学 2012[8] 李钰. 基于Android系统的行人检测设计[D]. 天津大学 2012[9] 黄鑫. 基于Android的大学生个人课程助理系统的设计与实现[D]. 厦门大学 2014[10] 祝忠方. 基于Android的移动互联终端的设计和实现[D]. 北方工业大学 2014[11] 房鑫鑫. Android恶意软件实现及检测研究[D]. 南京邮电大学2013[12] 张嘉宾. Android应用的安全性研究[D]. 北京邮电大学 2013[13] 黄莹. 基于Android平台智能手机多方通话软件测试系统的研究与实现[D]. 华中师范大学 2013[14] 赵朋飞. 智能手机操作系统Google Android分析[J]. 科技视界. 2011(02)[15] 刘仙艳. 移动终端开放平台-Android[J]. 信息通信技术. 2011(04)[16] 姚昱旻，刘卫国. Android的架构与应用开发研究[J]. 计算机系统应用. 2008(11)[17] 陈昱，江兰帆. 基于Google Android平台的移动开发研究[J]. 福建电脑. 2008(11)[18] 梁雪梅，盛红岩，周熙. RSA算法体制研究[J]. 计算机安全. 2006(12)[19] 易红军，佘名高. MD5算法与数字签名[J]. 计算机与数字工程. 2006(05)[20] 王尚平，王育民，张亚玲. 基于DSA及RSA的证实数字签名方案[J]. 软件学报. 2003(03)[21] 王雯娟，黄振杰，郝艳华. 一个高效的基于证书数字签名方案[J]. 计算机工程与应用. 2011(06)[22] 程桂花，齐学梅，罗永龙. AES算法中的多项式模运算及其性能分析[J]. 计算机技术与发展. 2010(09)[23] 叶炳发，孟小华. Android图形系统的分析与移植[J]. 电信科学. 2010(02)[24] 吕兴凤，姜誉. 计算机密码学中的加密技术研究进展[J]. 信息网络安全. 2009(04)。
毕业论文(基于Android平台的图书管理系统手机客户端开发设计)
2.3.1 Eclipse 的介绍.................................................................................................................... 3 2.3.2 MyEclipse 与 Tomcat 介绍.................................................................................................6 2.3.3 关键技术介绍.................................................................................................................... 7 第 3 章 系统功能设计........................................................................................................................ 8 3.1 前台管理................................................................................................................................... 8 3.1.1 注册.................................................................................................................................... 8 3.1.2 用户登录............................................................................................................................ 8 3.1.3 图书查询............................................................................................................................ 8 3.1.4 用户管理............................................................................................................................ 9 3.1.5 图书管理............................................................................................................................ 9 3.2 后台管理................................................................................................................................... 9 3.2.1 注册管理............................................................................................................................ 9 3.2.2 登录管理............................................................................................................................ 9 3.2.3 图书查询管理.................................................................................................................. 10 3.2.4 用户管理.......................................................................................................................... 10 3.2.5 图书管理.......................................................................................................................... 10 第 4 章 数据库结构设计.................................................................................................................. 11 4.1 服务器端数据库设计............................................................................................................. 11 4.1.1 数据库逻辑结构设计...................................................................................................... 11 4.1.2 数据库物理结构设计...................................................................................................... 13
毕业设计 安卓 参考文献
毕业设计安卓参考文献毕业设计：安卓应用开发的参考文献引言：在当今移动互联网时代，安卓应用开发已经成为了热门的毕业设计选题。
为了能够顺利完成毕业设计，我们需要参考一些相关的文献，以提高我们的开发技能和理解能力。
本文将介绍一些值得参考的安卓应用开发文献，帮助我们更好地完成毕业设计。
一、《Android编程权威指南》这本书是安卓应用开发领域的经典著作之一，由Bill Phillips、Brian Hardy和Kristin Marsicano合著。
本书详细介绍了安卓应用的开发流程、常用工具和技术，包括UI设计、数据存储、网络通信等方面。
通过学习这本书，我们可以系统地了解安卓应用开发的基本知识和技巧。
二、《Android开发艺术探索》这本书由任玉刚编著，是一本以实践为导向的安卓应用开发指南。
书中介绍了一些高级的开发技术和实践经验，如性能优化、内存管理、多线程编程等。
通过学习这本书，我们可以进一步提升我们的开发能力，设计出更加高效、稳定的安卓应用。
三、《Android开发入门与实战》这本书由郭霖编著，是一本适合初学者的安卓应用开发指南。
书中详细介绍了安卓应用开发的基础知识和常用技术，包括UI设计、数据存储、网络通信等方面。
通过学习这本书，我们可以快速入门安卓应用开发，并且通过实战项目来巩固所学知识。
四、《Android开发从入门到精通》这本书由刘望舒编著，是一本全面介绍安卓应用开发的指南。
书中从安卓系统架构、应用开发环境搭建到应用发布等方面进行了详细讲解。
通过学习这本书，我们可以全面了解安卓应用开发的方方面面，为毕业设计提供全面的支持。
五、《Android源码设计模式解析与实战》这本书由陈凯编著，是一本介绍安卓应用开发中常用设计模式的指南。
书中通过实际案例来解析并实践设计模式的使用，帮助我们更好地理解和运用设计模式。
通过学习这本书，我们可以提高我们的代码质量和开发效率，设计出更加灵活、可维护的安卓应用。
结论：以上介绍的这些参考文献都是安卓应用开发领域的经典之作，通过学习这些文献，我们可以系统地了解安卓应用开发的基本知识和技巧，提高我们的开发能力和理解能力。
安卓app开发参考文献
安卓app开发参考文献参考文献的引用应当实事求是、科学合理，不可以为了凑数随便引用，下面是店铺搜集整理的安卓论文参考文献范例，供大家阅读查看。
安卓app开发参考文献一[1]沈丽云，尹孟征，郭凤仙，严佳玲，刘鹏.基于Android的康复医疗机器人控制系统设计与实现[J].装备机械，2016,01:37-41.[2]李赫，赵晋睿.基于Android系统的地籍调查平台[J].中国新技术新产品，2016,09:30-31.[3]陈红梅.基于Android的科目三模拟考试系统[J].智能计算机与应用，2016,02:55-57.[4]胡伟峰，辛向阳.智能手机iOS&Android系统功能交互行为对比研究[J].装饰，2016,04:82-83.[5]徐昕军，袁媛，苏剑臣，杨峰.基于Android平台的行为分析系统研究[J].计算机应用与软件，2016,04:223-226.[6]李永宝，崔广章，陈琛，李岱英.基于Android的校园订餐系统[J].物联网技术，2016,04:71-75+78.[7]王慧兰.基于Android平台的图书管理系统手机客户端开发[J].中外企业家，2016,11:204.[8]祁洋，曹红根，朱长水，陈佳鑫.基于Android平台家校通的设计与实现[J].软件工程，2016,04:33-35.[9]徐雪丽.基于Android平台的虚拟试衣关键技术研究[J].西安文理学院学报(自然科学版)，2016,02:47-51.[10]牛嘉祥，张红雨.基于Android平台的GPS防盗器软件设计[J].电子质量，2016,04:30-35+39.[11]韦江华，李福章，林川.基于Android平台定位系统的客户端设计[J].信息系统工程，2016,04:102-103.[122]吴成玉，吴飞青，章丽姣.Android系统上基于图像颜色特征的检索研究[J].安徽电子信息职业技术学院学报，2016,02:1-4.[13]柳迪，章国宝.基于Android的网购药品应用的设计与实现[J].工业控制计算机，2016,04:121-122+134.[14]葛艺潇，闵富红.基于Android和Arduino的蓝牙考勤系统实现[J].信息通信，2016,04:109-110.[15]江丽.基于android平台的实时互动远程教育系统设计与实现[J].信息通信，2016,04:121-122.[16]杨世淼.基于WebServer和Android平台的智能幼儿园管理系统[D].浙江大学，2016.[17]刘权，刘红，韦启旻，徐强，杨思晨，孙非凡.基于Android 移动终端局域网通信设计[J].数码世界，2016,04:52-53.[18]周兵.基于Android网络图片上传与下载的研究[J].河北工程技术学院教学与研究，2015,04:40-43+46.[19]张跃骞.AndroidAPP保护及破解[J].中国教育网络，2016,Z1:44-46.[20]许瑾.第一次开发Android程序的历程[J].科技资讯，2014,29:20.[21]张中伟，苏静.基于云平台的Android移动学习系统设计[J].民营科技，2014,09:100+59.[22]王柯，马宏斌.一种基于Android平台数据采集系统的设计与实现[J].测绘与空间地理信息，2014,10:29-32.[23]郭瑾，杨武年，易鹏.基于GoogleAndroid平台手机局域地图的实现[J].地理空间信息，2014,05:158-161+13.[24]曹海英，元元.基于Android系统的移动校园信息平台设计[J].赤峰学院学报(自然科学版)，2014,21:11-12.[25]林伟铭，张源梁.基于Android平台的家庭灯光控制系统[J].中国新通信，2014,22:97-98.[26]张生财.基于Android教务信息管理系统开发[J].科技创新与应用，2014,34:72.[27]潘晓东，费军，张益明.基于安卓终端的呼叫系统设计与应用[J].医疗卫生装备，2014,11:52-53+88.[28]徐剑，武爽，孙琦，周福才.面向Android应用程序的代码保护方法研究[J].信息网络安全，2014,10:11-17.[29]吴轶群，朱亚东，王明敏.基于Android平台的多屏互动系统设计[J].计算机应用与软件，2014,10:234-238.[30]余彦达.基于Android的校园卡查询系统[J].价值工程，2014,20:201-202.安卓app开发参考文献二[1]赵振峰，董日壮.基于安卓的手机校园导航应用系统[J].电脑知识与技术，2014,30:7050-7052.[2]李骏，陈小玉，Android驱动开发与移植实战详解，北京：人民邮电出版社，2012:87-105.[3]韩超，梁全，Android系统原理及开发要点详解，北京：电子工业出版社，2009:16-102.[64]李刚.疯狂Android讲义[M].北京：电子工业出版社，2013:25-42.[5]杨丰盛.Android技术内幕[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2011:77-89.[6]杨云君.Android的设计与实现[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2013:45-49.[7]柯元旦.Android内核剖析[M].北京：电子工业出版社，2011:59-70.[8]丰生强.Android软件安全与逆向分析[M].北京：人民邮电出版社，2013:78-90.[9]余成锋，李代平，毛永华.Android3.0内存管理机制分析[M].计算机应用与软件，2013:55-80.[10]佐冰冰.Android平台下Launcher启动器的设计与实现[D].哈尔滨工业大学，2012:108-150.[11]杜吉志，徐明昆.Android系统内存管理研究及优化[J].软件，2012,24(5)：69-80.[12]马越.Android的架构与应用[D].北京：中国地质大学，2008:330-357.[13]姚昱旻，刘卫国.Android的架构与应用开发研究[J].计算机系统应用，2008,77(11)：99-111.[14]高巍.Android操作系统软件自动化测试方案的设计与实施[D].北京：北京邮电大学，2012:440-479.[15]孙剑.Android系统上应用程序按需加载机制的设计与实现[M].北京大学，2011:99-110.[16]卢娜.基于Android平台的手机桌面资讯系统的设计与实现[M].西安电子科技大学，2011:290-300.[17]高焕堂.GoogleAndroid应用框架原理与程序设计36计[M].Misoo,2010:8-13[18]杨云君.Android的设计与实现[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2013:5-65.[19]柯元旦.Android内核剖析[M].北京：电子工业出版社，2011:67-98.[20]李刚.疯狂Android讲义[M].北京：电子工业出版社，2013:12-87.[21]陈最.基于Android平台移动终端透明加密系统的研究与实现[D].重庆理工大学，2012:108-150.[22]王春雷，柴守霞，袁杰，雷美容.基于Android智能手机的移动护士工作站[J].中国数字医学，2013,05:85-87.[23]李铮.基于Android的位置跟踪系统设计与实现[J].承德石油高等专科学校学报，2013,05:33-36.[24]孙亚非，曾成，伍萍辉.基于Android平台的智能低压配电终端[J].低压电器，2013,21:59-63.[25]沈泽，周丽娴，梁昌银.Android语音备忘录程序的设计与实现[J].现代电信科技，2013,10:37-42+47.[26]吴立勇，丁作文.基于Android系统振动测试仪研究[J].工业控制计算机，2013,12:10-11.[27]朱生，牟星亮，单康康.基于Android平台的应用程序开发研究[J].网络安全技术与应用，2013,10:46-47+64.[28]郝俊寿，丁艳会.基于Android系统的影音播放器研究与实现[J].硅谷，2013,22:20-21.[29]赵晓影.Android应用开发中的UI设计[J].劳动保障世界(理论版)，2013,12:111.[30]郑洲.基于Android平台的快捷查询软件设计[J].中国新通信，2013,23:123.[31]王楠.基于Android手机平台的互联网应用探析[J].数字化用户，2013,10:3.[32]高志新，李春云，仇治东，于泳波.基于二维码和android应用的智能控制系统的研究[J].数字技术与应用，2013,11:13-14.安卓app开发参考文献三[1]周雅翠.基于Android平台的个人事务管理系统设计[J].吉林建筑大学学报，2015,06:67-68.[2]吴亚林.浅析基于Android的天气预报系统设计与实现[J].山东工业技术，2015,24:123.[3]王毅.Android平台并行计算研究[J].电子制作，2015,24:26.[4]王冬.基于Android的天气预报软件的设计与实现[J].电子制作，2015,24:32.[5]林煌，杨秀芝.基于Android机顶盒的节目管理方案设计[J].有线电视技术，2015,12:69-71.[6]简靖韡.Android智能手机信息安全问题与对策分析[J].通讯世界，2015,24:33.[7]邓昌友，肖遥，马小月，夏利，曾俊.基于Android智能手机数据安全的研究[J].福建电脑，2015,12:5-6.[8]勾通.基于Android平台的远程视频监控系统设计[J].电脑编程技巧与维护，2015,24:60-61.[9]石翠.PS制作Android智能手机界面技巧解析[J].电脑编程技巧与维护，2015,24:53-54+66.[10]傅伟.基于Android的校园通系统设计--以江苏财经职业技术学院为例[J].廊坊师范学院学报(自然科学版)，2015,06:24-29.[11]吴新华，万强.基于Android平台的手机游戏开发[J].萍乡学院学报，2015,06:66-69.[12]杨平.基于Android的移动外勤系统设计与开发[J].信息通信，2015,12:145-146.[13]陈崇辉.基于Android手机的健康。
android毕设参考文献
android毕设参考文献Android 是一种基于Linux® V2.6 内核的综合操作系统。
下面是小编为大家整理android毕设参考文献，希望对大家有帮助。
android毕设参考文献篇一[1] 李刚彪. 数据库加密技术的研究与实现[D].太原理工大学，2010:18-78.[2] 杨云君. Android 的设计与实现[M]. 北京：机械工业出版社，2013:5-65.[3] 秦明甫. 基于混沌理论的数字图像加密研究[D].重庆大学，2009:34-48.[4] 柯元旦. Android 内核剖析[M]. 北京：电子工业出版社，2011:67- 98.[5] 李刚. 疯狂Android 讲义[M]. 北京：电子工业出版社，2013:12-87.[6] 吴明航. DES 和 RSA 混合加密算法的研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学，2013:13-56.[7] 高峰. Linux 内存管理的设计与实现[D].沈阳工业大学，2007:45-89[8] 陈最. 基于 Android 平台移动终端透明加密系统的研究与实现[D].重庆理工大学，2012:108-150.[9] 佟晓筠，王翥，杜宇，岳银亮. 基于软件安全混合加密技术的研究[J]. 计算机工程，2004,23(33)：98-100.[10] 程庭，张明慧，石国营. 一种基于 DES 和 RSA 算法的数据加密方案及实现[J]. 河南教育学院学报(自然科学版)，2003,22(3)：69-71.[11] Xin Chen,Songwe i Ma,Bingli Guo,Yan Wang,Juhao Li, Zhangyuan Chen,Yongqi He. A novel fragmentation-aware spectrum allocation algorithm in flexible bandwidth optical networks[J]. Optical Switching and Networking,2014(12)：6- 22.[12] 廉士国，李忠新，王执铨. 两种基于部分加密的图像和视频加密方案[J]. 计算机工程，2004,4(11)：11-34.[13] Zhu, Zhiwu Liu, Xu Li, Xiangyu. Ratcheting Behaviors of the Carbon FiberReinforced PEEK Composites: Experimenta l Study and Numerical Simulation[J]. Polymers & Polymer Composite, 2014,(221)：45-230.android毕设参考文献篇二[1] 李刚. 疯狂Android 讲义[M]. 北京：电子工业出版社，2013:25-42.[2] 杨丰盛. Android 技术内幕[M]. 北京：机械工业出版社，2011:77-89.[3] 杨云君. Android 的设计与实现[M]. 北京：机械工业出版社，2013:45-49.[4] 柯元旦. Android 内核剖析[M]. 北京：电子工业出版社，2011:59-70.[5] 丰生强. Android 软件安全与逆向分析[M]. 北京：人民邮电出版社，2013:78-90.[6] 余成锋，李代平，毛永华. Android3.0 内存管理机制分析[M]. 计算机应用与软件，2013:55-80.[7] 佐冰冰. Android 平台下Launcher 启动器的设计与实现[D]. 哈尔滨工业大学，2012:108-150.[8] 杜吉志，徐明昆. Android 系统内存管理研究及优化[J]. 软件，2012,24(5)：69-80.[9] 马越. Android 的架构与应用[D]. 北京：中国地质大学，2008:330-357.[10] 姚昱旻，刘卫国. Android 的架构与应用开发研究[J]. 计算机系统应用，2008,77(11)：99-111.[11] 高巍. Android 操作系统软件自动化测试方案的设计与实施[D]. 北京：北京邮电大学，2012:440-479.[12] 孙剑. Android 系统上应用程序按需加载机制的设计与实现[M]. 北京大学，2011:99-110.[13] 卢娜. 基于Android 平台的手机桌面资讯系统的设计与实现[M]. 西安电子科技大学，2011:290-300.[14] 高焕堂. Google Android 应用框架原理与程序设计 36 计[M]. Misoo,2010:8-13.[15] 钟茂生，王明文. 软件设计模式及其使用[J]. 计算机应用，2002,22(8)：32-33.android毕设参考文献篇三[1] 赵亮，张维. 基于Android技术的界面设计与研究[D] . 徐州：徐州建筑职业技术学院， 2001[2] 陈璟，陈平华，李文亮. Android内核分析[J] . 广东工业大学计算机学院实践与经验，2009：112-115[3] 韩超. Android经典应用程序开发[J] . 人力资源出版社，2011：5-18[4] 吴亚峰，索依娜.Android核心技术与实例讲解.北京：电子工业出版社，2010[5] Bruce Eckel .Thinking in java(java 编程思想)第四版.北京：机械工业出版社, 2011[6]王珊，陈红.数据库系统原理教程.北京：清华大学出版社，2004[7] 林城. Android 2.3 应用开发实战[J] . 机械工业出版社，2011：17-321.[8]刘玉平. Java输入输出流及在网站开发中的应用探讨[J]. 郴州市科技局， 2009，(18)：35-49[9] 马志强.基于.Android平台即时通信系统的设计与实现[D].北京交通大学2009[10]熊刚.基于.Android的智能手机的设计与实现[D].武汉理工大学,2010[11] 靳岩,姚尚朗.Android 发入门与实践[D].人民邮电出版补, 2009 59[12]杨丰盛.Android应用开发揭秘.机械工业出版社. 2010, 5-7。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
AndroidAndroid, as a system, is a Java-based operating system that runs on the Linux 2.6 kernel. The system is very lightweight and full featured. Android applications are developed using Java and can be ported rather easily to the new platform. If you have not yet downloaded Java or are unsure about which version you need, I detail the installation of the development environment in Chapter 2. Other features of Android include an accelerated 3-D graphics engine (based on hardware support), database support powered by SQLite, and an integrated web browser.If you are familiar with Java programming or are an OOP developer of any sort, you are likely used to programmatic user interface (UI) development—that is, UI placement which is handled directly within the program code. Android, while recognizing and allowing for programmatic UI development, also supports the newer, XML-based UI layout. XML UI layout is a fairly new concept to the average desktop developer. I will cover both the XML UI layout and the programmatic UI development in the supporting chapters of this book.One of the more exciting and compelling features of Android is that, because of its architecture, third-party applications—including those that are “home grown”—are executed with the same system priority as those that are bundled with the core system. This is a major departure from most systems, which give embedded system apps a greater execution priority than the thread priority available to apps created by third-party developers. Also, each application is executed within its own thread using a very lightweight virtual machine.Aside from the very generous SDK and the well-formed libraries that are available to us to develop with, the most exciting feature for Android developers is that we now have access to anything the operating system has access to. In other words, if you want to create an application that dials the phone, you have access to the phone’s dialer; if you want to create an application that utilizes the phone’s internal GPS (if equipped), you have access to it. The potential for developers to create dynamic and intriguing applications is now wide open.On top of all the features that are available from the Android side of the equation, Google has thrown in some very tantalizing features of its own. Developers of Android applications will be able to tie their applications into existing Google offerings such as Google Maps and the omnipresent Google Search. Suppose you want to write an application that pulls up a Google map of where an incoming call is emanating from, or you want to be able to store common search results with your contacts; the doors of possibility have been flung wide open with Android.Chapter 2 begins your journey to Android development. You will learn the how’s and why’s of using specific development environments or integrated development environments (IDE), and you will download and install the Java IDE Eclipse.Application ComponentsA central feature of Android is that one application can make use of elements of other applications (provided those applications permit it). For example, if your application needs to display a scrolling list of images and another application has developed a suitable scroller and made it available to others, you can call upon that scroller to do the work, rather than develop your own. Your application doesn't incorporate the code of the other application or link to it. Rather, it simply starts up that piece of the other application when the need arises.For this to work, the system must be able to start an application process when any part of it is needed, and instantiate the Java objects for that part. Therefore, unlike applications on most other systems, Android applications don't have a single entry point for everything in the application (no main() function, for example). Rather, they have essential components that the system can instantiate and run as needed. There are four types of components:ActivitiesAn activity presents a visual user interface for one focused endeavor the user can undertake. For example, an activity might present a list of menu items users can choose from or it might display photographs along with their captions. A text messaging application might have one activity that shows a list of contacts to send messages to, a second activity to write the message to the chosen contact, and otheractivities to review old messages or change settings. Though they work together to form a cohesive user interface, each activity is independent of the others. Each one is implemented as a subclass of the Activity base class.An application might consist of just one activity or, like the text messaging application just mentioned, it may contain several. What the activities are, and how many there are depends, of course, on the application and its design. Typically, one of the activities is marked as the first one that should be presented to the user when the application is launched. Moving from one activity to another is accomplished by having the current activity start the next one.Each activity is given a default window to draw in. Typically, the window fills the screen, but it might be smaller than the screen and float on top of other windows. An activity can also make use of additional windows — for example, a pop-up dialog that calls for a user response in the midst of the activity, or a window that presents users with vital information when they select a particular item on-screen.The visual content of the window is provided by a hierarchy of views — objects derived from the base View class. Each view controls a particular rectangular space within the window. Parent views contain and organize the layout of their children. Leaf views (those at the bottom of the hierarchy) draw in the rectangles they control and respond to user actions directed at that space. Thus, views are where the activity's interaction with the user takes place.For example, a view might display a small image and initiate an action when the user taps that image. Android has a number of ready-made views that you can use — including buttons, text fields, scroll bars, menu items, check boxes, and more.A view hierarchy is placed within an activity's window by the Activity.setContentView() method. The content view is the View object at the root of the hierarchy. (See the separate User Interface document for more information on views and the hierarchy.)ServicesA service doesn't have a visual user interface, but rather runs in the background for an indefinite period of time. For example, a service might play background musicas the user attends to other matters, or it might fetch data over the network or calculate something and provide the result to activities that need it. Each service extends the Service base class.A prime example is a media player playing songs from a play list. The player application would probably have one or more activities that allow the user to choose songs and start playing them. However, the music playback itself would not be handled by an activity because users will expect the music to keep playing even after they leave the player and begin something different. To keep the music going, the media player activity could start a service to run in the background. The system would then keep the music playback service running even after the activity that started it leaves the screen.It's possible to connect to (bind to) an ongoing service (and start the service if it's not already running). While connected, you can communicate with the service through an interface that the service exposes. For the music service, this interface might allow users to pause, rewind, stop, and restart the playback.Like activities and the other components, services run in the main thread of the application process. So that they won't block other components or the user interface, they often spawn another thread for time-consuming tasks (like music playback). See Processes and Threads, later.Broadcast receiversA broadcast receiver is a component that does nothing but receive and react to broadcast announcements. Many broadcasts originate in system code — for example, announcements that the timezone has changed, that the battery is low, that a picture has been taken, or that the user changed a language preference. Applications can also initiate broadcasts — for example, to let other applications know that some data has been downloaded to the device and is available for them to use.An application can have any number of broadcast receivers to respond to any announcements it considers important. All receivers extend the BroadcastReceiver base class.Broadcast receivers do not display a user interface. However, they may start anactivity in response to the information they receive, or they may use the NotificationManager to alert the user. Notifications can get the user's attention in various ways — flashing the backlight, vibrating the device, playing a sound, and so on. They typically place a persistent icon in the status bar, which users can open to get the message.Content providersA content provider makes a specific set of the application's data available to other applications. The data can be stored in the file system, in an SQLite database, or in any other manner that makes sense. The content provider extends the ContentProvider base class to implement a standard set of methods that enable other applications to retrieve and store data of the type it controls. However, applications do not call these methods directly. Rather they use a ContentResolver object and call its methods instead. A ContentResolver can talk to any content provider; it cooperates with the provider to manage any interprocess communication that's involved.See the separate Content Providers document for more information on using content providers.Whenever there's a request that should be handled by a particular component, Android makes sure that the application process of the component is running, starting it if necessary, and that an appropriate instance of the component is available, creating the instance if necessary.Key Skills & Concepts●Creating new Android projects●Working with Views●Using a TextView●Modifying the main.xml fileCreating Your First Android Project in EclipseTo start your first Android project, open Eclipse. When you open Eclipse for the first time, it opens to an empty development environment (see Figure 5-1), which is where you want to begin. Your first task is to set up and name the workspace for your application. Choose File | New | Android Project, which will launch the New AndroidProject wizard.CAUTION Do not select Java Project from the New menu. While Android applications are written in Java, and you are doing all of your development in Java projects, this option will create a standard Java application. Selecting Android Project enables you to create Android-specific applications.If you do not see the option for Android Project, this indicates that the Android plugin for Eclipse was not fully or correctly installed. Review the procedure in Chapter 3 for installing the Android plugin for Eclipse to correct this.The New Android Project wizard creates two things for youA shell application that ties into the Android SDK, using the android.jar file, and ties the project into the Android Emulator. This allows you to code using all of the Android libraries and packages, and also lets you debug your applications in the proper environment.Your first shell files for the new project. These shell files contain some of the vital application blocks upon which you will be building your programs. In much the same way as creating a Microsoft .NET application in Visual Studio generates some Windows-created program code in your files, using the Android Project wizard in Eclipse generates your initial program files and some Android-created code. In addition, the New Android Project wizard contains a few options, shown next, that you must set to initiate your Android project. For the Project Name field, for purposes of this example, use the title HelloWorldText. This name sufficiently distinguishes this Hello World! project from the others that you will be creating in this chapter.In the Contents area, keep the default selections: the Create New Project in Workspace radio button should be selected and the Use Default Location check box should be checked. This will allow Eclipse to create your project in your default workspace directory. The advantage of keeping the default options is that your projects are kept in a central location, which makes ordering, managing, and finding these projects quite easy. For example, if you are working in a Unix-based environment, this path points to your $HOME directory.If you are working in a Microsoft Windows environment, the workspace pathwill be C:/Users/<username>/workspace, as shown in the previous illustration. However, for any number of reasons, you may want to uncheck the Use Default Location check box and select a different location for your project. One reason you may want to specify a different location here is simply if you want to choose a location for this specific project that is separate from other Android projects. For example, you may want to keep the projects that you create in this book in a different location from projects that you create in the future on your own. If so, simply override the Location option to specify your own custom location directory for this project.。