英国和美国的教育(全英文)

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Education in the U.S. --- Administration
4. Since the U.S. Constitution is silent on education, all educational matters are left to the individual state. On the state level, educational policy is generally the responsibility of a state board of citizens. There is no one uniform pattern of state administration.
Education in the U.S. --- Administration
6. Funds for schools come from 3 sources: Approximately 50% is raised through local property taxes. An average of from 40% --50% comes from --50% the states. Only 8% -- 9% from the national government.
Education in the USA
Education in the U.S. --- Administration
1. Educational systems 2. Funds for schools
Education in the U.S. --- Administration In America, education is a national concern a state responsibility a local function
Primary and Secondary Schools
Classes of students are divided into twelve academic levels called grades. One academic year is required to complete each grade. The child enters the first grade, at about age six, to do some academic work (learning to read, write, and do arithmetic)
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Education in the U.S. --- Administration
5. In most states, the state legislature or governor appoints state boards, but a few state boards are elected .
Primary and Secondary Schools
The first academic institution that a child attends is called grammar school or elementary school. In some school systems, elementary school includes grades one through eight. The next four eight. years are called high school. In other school systems, there are three divisions: elementary school (grades one through six), junior high school (grades seven through nine), and senior high school (grades ten through twelve).
Grammar school (elementary school)
Subjects: Subjects: reading, arithmetic, language arts, social studies, music, art and physical education Students are grouped into classes. The class has the same teacher for most subjects. Only art, music and physical education are taught by teachers who specialize in thtion: Classification: Vocational and technical high schools (职业技术 中学) 中学) provide for a variety of occupations. Academic high schools (文理中学) emphasize (文理中学) their schooling in academic and intellectual disciplines. The majority of American high schools call themselves secondary education for almost all high schools are responsible for providing both academic and vocational education.
Education in the U.S. ---Administration ---Administration
3. There was no a federal organization for education until the establishment of the U.S. Office of Education in 1867. In 1953 became a branch of the largest federal agency -----The Department of Health, -----The Education, and Welfare. Welfare.
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Education in the U.S. --- Administration
2. Local communities in turn were given substantial freedom to select teachers and administrators and to schedule the school year and day to meet the standards by the states.
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Grammar school (elementary school)
The important thing is to make the children happy and interested. interested. stressed character training or social skills training through extracurricular activities. School and home are closely linked, and there is a sense of partnership between teachers and parents. parents.
Nursery school (托儿所) (托儿所 托儿所)
accept children form three to five years old halfhalf-day sessions ranging from twice a week to five days a week wellwell-equipped classroom and playground usually charge tuition, though some are subsidized and some offer scholarships
Kindergarten （幼儿园） 幼儿园）
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halfhalf-day sessions the child becomes accustomed to being separated from Mommy, playing and sharing with other children, and following the directions of a teacher the child are also introduced to skills and information that will help him later with academic work
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Education in the U.S. --- Practice
1. School system 2. Higher Education
Education in the U.S. --- Practice
Education is carried out at various levels, which are mainly divided into: elementary education 初级教育 secondary education 中级教育 higher education 高等教育
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Early Childhood Education
In most areas, free public school education begins with kindergarten classes for five-year-olds. five-year-olds. Some public school systems also offer pre-kindergarten preprograms for four-year-olds. four-yearSome are introduced to the classroom situation at a much younger age, either through nursery schools or day care centers. centers. Some communities have pre-and post-school programs prepostfor school-age children whose mothers leave for work schoolbefore school begins and come home after school lets out.