雅思阅读真题话题汇总
雅思阅读练习题(打印版)
雅思阅读练习题（打印版）题目一：环境变化对生物多样性的影响问题：1. 环境变化对生物种群的总体影响是什么？2. 为什么某些物种能够适应环境变化而其他物种则不能？3. 人类活动如何影响生物多样性？4. 保护生物多样性的措施有哪些？题目二：教育对个人发展的重要性问题：1. 教育如何影响个人的职业发展？2. 教育对于社会经济发展的作用是什么？3. 为什么终身学习是现代社会的一个重要趋势？4. 教育不平等问题如何解决？题目三：城市化进程中的挑战问题：1. 城市化给环境带来了哪些挑战？2. 城市化如何影响社会结构？3. 城市化进程中，政府应如何平衡经济发展与居民生活质量？4. 城市化对农村地区的影响有哪些？题目四：健康生活方式的重要性问题：1. 健康生活方式对于预防疾病的作用是什么？2. 为什么运动是健康生活方式的重要组成部分？3. 健康饮食的重要性体现在哪些方面？4. 如何克服不良生活习惯，培养健康的生活方式？题目五：科技在教育中的应用问题：1. 科技如何改变传统的教育模式？2. 在线教育与传统教育相比有哪些优势和劣势？3. 科技在教育中应用的挑战有哪些？4. 如何确保科技在教育中的有效应用？题目六：气候变化的全球影响问题：1. 气候变化对全球经济的潜在影响是什么？2. 气候变化如何影响农业和粮食安全？3. 应对气候变化的国际合作现状如何？4. 个人和社区如何参与到应对气候变化的行动中？题目七：社交媒体对人际关系的影响问题：1. 社交媒体如何改变人们的交流方式？2. 社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响是什么？3. 社交媒体在社会运动中的作用有哪些？4. 如何平衡社交媒体的使用与现实生活的联系？题目八：旅游业对经济和文化的影响问题：1. 旅游业对当地经济的促进作用是什么？2. 旅游业如何影响文化遗产的保护？3. 旅游业对环境的负面影响有哪些？4. 可持续旅游的概念及其重要性是什么？请根据以上题目进行阅读练习，注意理解文章主旨，掌握细节信息，并能够回答相关问题。
雅思阅读主题分类整理
雅思阅读主题分类整理雅思阅读考试的题材比较多，文章的主题范围也比较广泛。
今天小编为大家带来的是雅思阅读主题分类总结内容，希望帮助到各位考生在备考中结合有效的练习提升阅读水平，在雅思阅读考试中能拿到一个更高的分数。
雅思阅读主题分类整理雅思阅读主题最新分类1。
自然(14篇)(01) V67-2：英国绿色农业(04) V59-2：圣婴现象(ENSO)「圣婴」一词源自西班牙文，(英文翻译为Christ Child)，意为上帝之子，是100多年前南美洲秘鲁和厄瓜多的渔民用来称呼发生于圣诞节前后，祕鲁附近海域海温异常偏暖的现象。
科学研究显示不仅和祕鲁附近海温的变化有关，也和热带东太平洋和西太平洋之间的海面气压的分布有关，就以 El Nino Southern Oscillation(简称ENSO)来表示热带太平洋大气和海洋之间的变化，也就是一般所谓的圣婴现象。
(07) V35-2：圣婴现象(10) V29-2：减少闪电危害Reduce lightning hazards(13) V25-1：自然周期与生物(02) V66-1：自然周期与生物(05) V38-3：海沙流失Sea Sand loss(08) V35-2：欧洲森林保育European forest conservation(11) V29-3：南非黄金开采(14) V23-2：探索太空生物(03) V63-1：海底热资源Hydrothermal resources(06) V36-1：热带雨林Tropical rain forest(09) V34-1：火山爆发Volcanic eruptions(12) V28-3：全球气候暖化Global warming2。
科技(14篇)(01) V65-3：海底探测船Submarine spacecraft(04) V36-3：摩斯密码Morse code(07) V35-1：桥梁修复Bridge repairment(10) V55-1：计算雅思阅读主题最新分类_文档下载///b-9c8272c2f90f76c661371a8d.html 机化交通系统Computerized traffic system(13) V28-1：人造丝制造The manufacture of rayon(02) V62-2：澳洲医疗与中医Australian medical and TCM(05) V31-2：电信技术发展The development of telecommunications technology (08) V26-1：染料与颜料Dyes and Pigments(11) V54-2：交通工具发展The development of transport(14) V27-1：房屋构造与用途Housing construction and function(03) V43-3：澳洲皮肤癌Skin cancer in Australia(06) V31-3：非洲交通改革计划African transport reform plan(09) V56-2：信息技术与运输Information technology and transport(12) V53-2：城市交通问卷Urban Transport questionnaire3。
雅思阅读常见话题总结
雅思阅读常见话题总结（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如工作报告、致辞讲话、条据书信、合同范本、规章制度、应急预案、心得体会、教学资料、作文大全、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as work reports, speeches, policy letters, contract templates, rules and regulations, emergency plans, insights, teaching materials, essay encyclopedias, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please pay attention!雅思阅读常见话题总结知己知彼才能百战不殆，大家在备考雅思的时候一定要先了解一下考试常见话题，下面本店铺给大家带来雅思阅读常见话题总结，来看看吧！雅思阅读常见话题总结雅思阅读常见话题一、生物类话题自09年以来，生物类的话题几乎是在雅思A类三篇文章中必然出现的一类话题，涉及到的内容有动物的生活习性、基因的研究、器官的研究、植物的光合作用、植物体内的叶绿素等。
雅思阅读试题练习与答案全解析
雅思阅读试题练习与答案全解析一、练习题阅读Passage 1：阅读以下段落，回答问题1-5。
1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The advantages of the Internet.B. The disadvantages of the Internet.C. The impact of the Internet on society.D. The history of the Internet.2. According to the passage, which of the following is a problem caused by the widespread adoption of the Internet?A. Environmental pollution.B. Privacy issues.C. Economic growth.D. Educational improvement.3. Why does the Internet lead to social isolation?A.因为它改变了人们的交流方式B.因为它使人们更容易获取信息C.因为它促进了全球连接D.因为它提供了更多的娱乐方式4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Privacy issues.B. The spread of misinformation.C. Social isolation.D. Education inequality.5. In the author's opinion, how should people use the Internet responsibly?A. They should limit their online activities to protect their privacy.B. They should only consume information from trusted sources.C. They should spend more time on social media to stay connected.D. They should use the Internet as an educational tool to enhance their knowledge.阅读Passage 2：阅读以下段落，回答问题6-10。
2023年4月22日雅思阅读题型及词汇补充
2023年4月22日雅思阅读题型及词汇补充Passage 1：说明文(健康)步行的好处新题/旧题: 新题文章难度：★★★可参考真题：剑桥9——TEST 2 Passage 1 Children with Auditory ProblemsPassage 2：说明文(商业)黑山学院的介绍新题/旧题：新题文章难度：★★★★可参考真题：剑桥17——TEST 4 Passage 2 Does education fuel economic growth?Passage 3: 议论文(植物)植物缺失阳光是否会存活新题/旧题: 新题文章难度：★★★★可参考真题：剑桥16——TEST 3 Passage 3 Plant 'thermometer' triggers springtime growth by measuring night-time heat 词汇补充话题词：1. optimum 最优的2. precaution 预防措施3. remuneration 报酬4. metaphor 比喻5. metabolism 新陈代谢6. linguistic 语言学的7. pregnant 怀孕的8. wholesale 批发9. breach 违背10. brainstorm 头脑风暴同义替换词：1. spectrum - range 范围2. speedy - fast 快速的3. spell - charm 咒语4. thrive - flourish - boom 茁壮成长，蓬勃发展5. variable - changeable 多变的6. repel - keep off 赶走7. renovate - renew 修复8. splash - spray 溅起9. appliance - device 设备10. appraisal - estimate - assessment 评定，评价。
雅思(阅读)历年真题试卷汇编10(题后含答案及解析)
雅思（阅读）历年真题试卷汇编10(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Going Nowhere FastTHIS is ludicrous! We can talk to people anywhere in the world or fly to meet them in a few hours. We can even send probes to other planets. But when it comes to getting around our cities, we depend on systems that have scarcely changed since the days of Gottlieb Daimler.In recent years, the pollution belched out by millions of vehicles has dominated the debate about transport. The problem has even persuaded California—that home of car culture—to curb traffic growth. But no matter how green they become, cars are unlikely to get us around crowded cities any faster. And persuading people to use trains and buses will always be an uphill struggle. Cars, after all, are popular for very good reasons, as anyone with small children or heavy shopping knows.So politicians should be trying to lure people out of their cars, not forcing them out. There’s certainly no shortage of alternatives. Perhaps the most attractive is the concept known as personal rapid transit(PRT), independently invented in the US and Europe in the 1950s.The idea is to go to one of many stations and hop into a computer-controlled car which can whisk you to your destination along a network of guideways. You wouldn’t have to share your space with strangers, and with no traffic lights, pedestrians or parked cars to slow things down, PRT guideways can carry far more traffic, nonstop, than any inner city road.It’s a wonderful vision, but the odds are stacked against PRT for a number of reasons. The first cars ran on existing roads, and it was only after they became popular—and after governments started earning revenue from them—that a road network designed specifically for motor vehicles was built. With PRT, the infrastructure would have to come first—and that would cost megabucks. What’s more, any transport system that threatened the car’s dominance would be up against all those with a stake in maintaining the status quo, from private car owners to manufacturers and oil multinationals. Even if PRTs were spectacularly successful in trials, it might not make much difference. Superior technology doesn’t always triumph, as the VHS versus Betamax and Windows versus Apple Mac battles showed.But “dual-mode”systems might just succeed where PRT seems doomed to fail. The Danish RUF system envisaged by Palle Jensen, for example, resembles PRT but with one key difference: vehicles have wheels as well as a slot allowing them to travel on a monorail, so they can drive off the rail onto a normal road. Once on a road, the occupant would take over from the computer, and the RUF vehicle—the term comes from a Danish saying meaning to “go fast”—would become an electric car.Build a fast network of guideways in a busy city centre and people would have a strong incentive not just to use public RUF vehicles, but also to buy their own dual-mode vehicle. Commuters could drive onto the guideway, sit back and read as they are chauffeured into the city. At work, they would jump out, leaving their vehicles to parkthemselves. Unlike PRT, such a system could grow organically, as each network would serve a large area around it and people nearby could buy into it. And a dual-mode system might even win the support of car manufacturers, who could easily switch to producing dual-mode vehicles.Of course, creating a new transport system will not be cheap or easy. But unlike adding a dedicated bus lane here or extending the underground railway there, an innovative system such as Jensen’s could transform cities.And it’s not just a matter of saving a few minutes a day. According to the Red Cross, more than 30 million people have died in road accidents in the past century—three times the number killed in the First World War—and the annual death toll is rising. And what’s more, the Red Cross believes road accidents will become the third biggest cause of death and disability by 2020, ahead of diseases such as AIDS and tuberculosis. Surely we can find a better way to get around?Questions 1-6Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this1．City transport developed slower than other means of communication.A．真B．假C．Not Given正确答案：A解析：利用顺序性原则很容易定位到原文开头第一段。
剑桥雅思4-8册阅读真题分析汇总
1-5段落信息配对
14-18 List of Headings
28-32 Y/N/NG
28.N；29.Y；30.Y；31.NG；32.Y
6-9 Y/N/NG
6.Y
7.NG最高级
8.NG
9.N
19-24 Y/N/NG
19.N
20.NG比较
21.N；22.Y；23.NG；24.Y
家喻户晓
gram试验
2.试验方案
3.试验过程及目的
4.精神科医生对试验结果的预测
5.结果与预测的差异
6.对差异的解释
7.另一种解释
8.相关结论
环境论者认为目前世界所面临的问题
1-3多选
14-19段落从属配对
27-32 Y/N/NG
27.Y；28. NG；29. F与原文相反
30. NG；31. Y；32. N
2)擦鞋合作社
3)青年创业计划
4.经验教训
5.结论
1-4单选
14-17 List of Headings
27-31 List of Headings
5-8填表
18-21简答
32-36填表
9-12 Y/N/NG
9.N绝对化any
10.NG未提及
11. N绝对化only one
12. Y
22-26Summary（无词库）
40选结论
剑4 TEST 2
P1
P2
P3
语言的消失
澳大利亚的替代疗法
玩耍是件严肃的事
1.通过例子指明少数民族语言的危机
2.少数民族语言正面临灭顶之灾
3.语言灭绝的关键是使用者的年龄
4.信任危机导致语言灭绝
雅思考试题目及答案详解
雅思考试题目及答案详解一、听力部分1. 问题：What is the man's reason for calling the woman?答案：A. To arrange a meeting.2. 问题：What does the woman suggest the man should do next?答案：B. Check his email.3. 问题：What is the main topic of the lecture?答案：C. Climate change.二、阅读部分1. 问题：According to the passage, what is the primary function of the liver?答案：The liver processes nutrients and detoxifies the blood.2. 问题：What does the author suggest about the impact of technology on society?答案：The author suggests that technology has both positive and negative effects on society.3. 问题：What is the main argument of the article?答案：The main argument is that education should be more focused on critical thinking skills.三、写作部分1. 问题：Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of livingin a city.答案：[考生应提供至少两个城市生活的优势和劣势，并给出合理的解释和例子。
]2. 问题：Some people believe that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sportsfacilities. To what extent do you agree or disagree?答案：[考生应表达自己对增加体育设施是否能改善公共健康的看法，并提供支持自己观点的理由。
剑桥雅思阅读话题
剑桥雅思阅读话题
剑桥雅思阅读部分是考试中最具挑战性的部分之一，涉及多种话题。
以下是一些常见的剑桥雅思阅读话题：
1. 环境保护和可持续发展：这个话题通常包括对环保措施、可再生能源以及气候变化等方面的文章。
2. 科学和技术：这个话题可能涉及科技的最新进展、发明和创新、医学研究以及生命科学等。
3. 历史和文化：这个话题可能包括对历史事件、文化传统和艺术作品的分析和评价。
4. 社会问题：这个话题可能包括社会不平等、种族和性别问题、贫困和健康等。
5. 教育和学术：这个话题可能涉及学校教育制度、教育政策和学术研究等。
6. 商业和经济：这个话题可能包括市场营销、企业管理、全球化和国际贸易等。
7. 人类行为和心理学：这个话题可能涉及人类行为、心理学理论和研究，以及心理健康等方面的文章。
这些仅仅是一些常见的话题，实际上剑桥雅思阅读可以涉及任
何领域和话题，因此备考时应广泛涉猎各种文献和资料，提高阅读能力和词汇水平。
英语 雅思阅读理解 social issues
英语雅思阅读理解social issues雅思阅读理解是检测考生英语阅读能力的重要环节，其中社会问题（Social Issues）作为常考主题之一，要求考生对相关领域的文章有深入的理解和分析能力。
本文将围绕社会问题这一主题，为您详细解析雅思阅读理解中可能遇到的文章类型、常见话题及解题技巧。
一、社会问题文章类型在雅思阅读理解中，社会问题相关的文章主要有以下几种类型：1.论述型：此类文章通常会围绕一个社会问题展开论述，分析问题产生的原因、影响以及可能的解决方案。
2.对比型：文章会对比两个或多个国家在社会问题方面的处理方式，让考生了解不同文化背景下的社会现象。
3.报告型：这类文章通常会引用研究数据或实例，对社会问题进行深入剖析。
二、常见社会问题话题以下是一些雅思阅读理解中常见的社会问题话题：1.贫困与不平等：包括收入差距、教育资源分配、医疗保健等方面。
2.环境保护：如气候变化、能源危机、生态破坏等。
3.人口老龄化：涉及养老问题、劳动力市场变化等。
4.移民问题：包括难民、非法移民、多元文化融合等。
5.城市化进程：关注城市扩张、交通拥堵、住房问题等。
6.网络安全与隐私：如信息泄露、网络犯罪等。
三、解题技巧1.快速浏览：首先阅读文章标题、小标题和首尾段，了解文章主题和大致内容。
2.重视词汇：掌握社会问题相关领域的词汇，如政策、经济、环境等。
3.逻辑推理：关注文章中的因果关系、转折关系等，理解作者观点。
4.定位信息：根据题目要求，在文章中快速定位关键信息。
5.细节理解：注意文章中的具体数据、实例和论据，加深对社会问题的理解。
总之，在应对雅思阅读理解中的社会问题时，考生需要具备一定的背景知识，同时掌握解题技巧，才能在考试中取得好成绩。
2023年雅思阅读题材
2023年雅思阅读题材
1. 社会类，包括社会问题、社会变革、社会政策等方面的文章，可能涉及到全球化、城市化、贫富差距、社会福利等话题。
2. 科学类，可能涉及到生物学、化学、物理学、地理学等自然
科学领域的文章，包括科学研究、新技术、环境保护等内容。
3. 文化类，可能涉及到文学、艺术、传统习俗、宗教信仰等方
面的文章，包括文化交流、文化传承、文化冲突等话题。
4. 历史类，可能涉及到历史事件、历史人物、历史文化等方面
的文章，包括世界历史、国家历史、文明发展等内容。
5. 环境类，可能涉及到环境保护、气候变化、可持续发展等方
面的文章，包括环境政策、环境影响、生态系统等内容。
6. 教育类，可能涉及到教育制度、教育改革、教育理念等方面
的文章，包括教育政策、教育资源、教育技术等话题。
当准备雅思阅读考试时，考生需要广泛涉猎各种不同领域的文
章，提高自己的阅读理解能力和跨学科的知识水平，以便更好地理解和应对可能出现的各种题材。
同时，平时多读一些英文报纸、杂志、学术期刊等，积累词汇和阅读经验也是非常重要的。
希望这些信息能对你有所帮助。
雅思英语试题及答案解析
雅思英语试题及答案解析一、听力部分1. 根据录音，以下哪项是会议的主要议题？A. 环境保护B. 教育改革C. 经济发展D. 城市规划答案：C解析：在录音中，发言人提到了“经济增长”和“城市扩张”等关键词，表明经济发展是会议的主要议题。
2. 录音中提到的新政策将对哪个群体产生最大影响？A. 学生B. 工人C. 商人D. 农民答案：B解析：录音中提到了“提高最低工资标准”和“改善劳动条件”，这些政策将直接影响到工人的生活和工作。
二、阅读部分1. 根据文章，作者对当前教育体系持什么态度？A. 支持B. 反对C. 中立D. 未明确表态答案：B解析：文章中作者多次使用“outdated”（过时的）和“ineffective”（无效的）等词汇来描述当前的教育体系，表明作者持有反对的态度。
2. 文章中提到的“21世纪技能”包括哪些方面？A. 批判性思维B. 创造力C. 团队合作D. 所有上述答案：D解析：文章明确提到了“批判性思维”、“创造力”和“团队合作”是21世纪技能的重要组成部分。
三、写作部分1. 题目：Some people believe that the government shouldprovide financial support to artists and musicians, while others argue that artists should support themselves. Discuss both views and give your opinion.答案：略解析：在写作部分，考生需要首先概述两种观点，然后给出自己的见解。
注意使用多样的语言表达和连贯的逻辑结构。
四、口语部分1. 问题：Describe a memorable trip you have taken.答案：略解析：在口语部分，考生需要描述一次难忘的旅行经历，包括旅行的地点、时间、活动以及这次旅行为什么难忘。
雅思阅读真题附答案及解析
雅思阅读真题附答案及解析雅思阅读是考试中相对较难的一部分，因此熟悉真题并且进行详细的答案解析是备考中不可或缺的一部分。
本文将为大家提供一些常见的雅思阅读真题，并附有详细的答案解析，希望能够帮助大家更好地备考雅思阅读。
第一篇：自然保护雅思阅读真题：自然保护是环保运动的一个重要方面。
自然保护旨在保护现有的生态系统，维护生物多样性和自然资源。
以下是一些常见的自然保护措施：1）建立自然保护区，2）限制猎捕和采集行为，3）推广可持续发展。
请根据以上内容回答以下问题：1. 自然保护的目标是什么？答案解析：自然保护的目标是保护现有的生态系统，维护生物多样性和自然资源。
2. 列举一些常见的自然保护措施。
答案解析：常见的自然保护措施包括建立自然保护区、限制猎捕和采集行为、推广可持续发展等。
雅思阅读真题：气候变化是当前全球性的环境问题。
以下是一些与气候变化相关的重要信息：1）二氧化碳排放是主要的温室气体，2）气温升高会导致海平面上升，3）气候变化会影响农业生产，4）可再生能源是应对气候变化的一种重要方法。
请根据以上内容回答以下问题：1. 什么是主要的温室气体？答案解析：主要的温室气体是二氧化碳。
2. 气温升高会导致哪个现象发生？答案解析：气温升高会导致海平面上升。
3. 气候变化对什么方面的影响比较大？答案解析：气候变化对农业生产有较大影响。
4. 应对气候变化的一种重要方法是什么？答案解析：应对气候变化的一种重要方法是利用可再生能源。
雅思阅读真题：科学技术在现代社会中起着重要的作用，对人类的生活产生了巨大的影响。
以下是一些与科学技术相关的重要信息：1）互联网的出现改变了信息传播的方式，2）生物技术可以用于治疗疾病，3）人工智能正在逐渐应用于各个领域，4）科学技术的发展带来了各种新的职业。
请根据以上内容回答以下问题：1. 互联网的出现改变了什么？答案解析：互联网的出现改变了信息传播的方式。
2. 生物技术可以用于解决什么问题？答案解析：生物技术可以用于治疗疾病。
雅思阅读之话题分类
雅思阅读之话题分类
1.生态环境、自然资源与动物保护：
这类话题主要关注环境保护、可持续发展以及人与自然的关系等。
比如垃圾问题、水资源短缺等。
2.文化习俗与社会现象：
这类话题主要涉及文化的多样性、社交礼仪和行为规范等。
例如，节假日庆祝、文化适应等。
3.教育问题：
这类话题主要探讨教育方面的现象、问题和改革等。
例如，在线教育、多元智能等。
4.科技创新与发展：
这类话题主要关注科技的发展、应用和带来的挑战等。
例如，人工智能、互联网技术等。
5.健康与医疗：
这类话题主要关注健康和医疗领域的问题和挑战等。
例如，新型病毒、医疗技术等。
6.历史与考古：
这类话题主要探讨历史事件、考古发现和文化遗产等。
例如，古文明、历史人物等。
1
7.文学与艺术：
这类话题主要关注文学作品、艺术风格和艺术家的传记等。
例如，文学作品中的女性形象、艺术家的创作过程等。
8.经济与金融：
这类话题主要关注全球经济、金融市场和投资等方面的问题等。
例如，经济增长、国际贸易等。
9.法律与政治：
这类话题主要探讨法律和政治制度、政策等。
例如，宪法权利保护、国际关系等。
10.宇宙与自然科学：
这类话题主要关注宇宙探索、自然科学的发展和发现等。
例如，黑洞理论、量子力学等。
2。
雅思(阅读)历年真题试卷汇编6(题后含答案及解析)
雅思（阅读）历年真题试卷汇编6(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.The Sweet Scent of SuccessMany innovations end up as lemons —OzKleen turned lemons into a winning formula.A Innovation and entrepreneurship, in the right mix, can bring spectacular results and propel a business ahead of the pack. Across a diverse range of commercial successes, from the Hills Hoist clothes line to the Cochlear ear implant, it is hard to generalize beyond saying the creators tapped into something consumers could not wait to get their hands on. However, most ideas never make it to the market. Some ideas that innovators are spruiking to potential investors include new water-saving shower heads, a keyless locking system, ping-pong balls that keep pollution out of rainwater tanks, making teeth grow from stem cells inserted in the gum, and technology to stop LPG tanks from exploding. Grant Kearney, chief executive of the Innovation Xchange, which connects businesses to innovation networks, says he hears of great business ideas that he knows will never get on the market. “Ideas by themselves are absolutely useless,”he says. “An idea only becomes innovation when it is connected to the right resources and capabilities.”B One of Australia’s latest innovation successes stems from a lemon-scented bathroom cleaner called Shower Power, the formula for which was concocted in a factory in Yatala, Queensland. In 1995, Tom Quinn and John Heron bought a struggling cleaning products business, OzKleen, for 250,000. It was selling 100 different kinds of cleaning products, mainly in bulk. The business was in bad shape, the cleaning formulas were ineffective and environmentally harsh, and there were few regular clients. Now Shower Power is claimed to be the top-selling bathroom cleaning product in the country. In the past 12 months, almost four million bottles of OzKleen’s Power products have been sold and the company forecasts 2004 sales of 10 million bottles. The company’s sales in 2003 reached $11 million, with 70% of business being exports. In particular, Shower Power is making big inroads on the British market.C OzKleen’s turnaround began when Quinn and Heron hired an industrial che-mist to revitalize the product line. Market research showed that people were looking for a better cleaner for the bathroom, universally regarded as the hardest room in the home to clean. The company also wanted to make the[product formulas more environmentally friendly. One of Tom Quinn’s sons, Peter, aged 24 at the time, began working with the chemist on the formulas, looking at the potential for citrus-based cleaning products. He detested all the chlorine-based cleaning products that dominated the market. “We didn’t want to use chlorine, simple as that,” he says. “It offers bad working conditions and there’s no money in it.” Peter looked at citrus ingredients, such as orange peel, to replace the petroleum by-products in cleaners. He is credited with finding the Shower Power formula. “The recipe is in a vault somewhere and in my head,”he says. The company is the sole owner of theintellectual property.D To begin with, Shower Power was sold only in commercial quantities but Tom Quinn decided to sell it in 750ml bottles after the constant “raves”from customers at their retail store at Beenleigh, near Brisbane. Customers were travelling long distances to buy supplies. Others began writing to OzKleen to say how good Shower Power was. “We did a dummy label and went to see Wool-worths,” Tom Quinn says. The Woolworths buyer took a bottle home and was I able to remove a stain from her basin that had been impossible to shift. From that point on, she championed the product and OzKleen had its first supermarket order, for a palette of Shower Power worth $3000. “We were over the moon,”says OzKleen’s financial controller, Belinda McDonnell.E Shower Power was released in Australian supermarkets in 1997 and became the top-selling product in its category within six months. It was all hands on deck at the factory, labeling and bottling Shower Power to keep up with demand. OzKleen ditched all other products and rebuilt the business around Shower Power. This stage, recalls McDonnell, was very tough. “It was hand-to-mouth, cashflow was very difficult,” she says. OzKleen had to pay new-line fees to supermarket chains, which also squeezed margins.F OzKleen’s next big break came when the daughter of a Coles Myer executive used the product while on holidays in Queensland and convinced her father that Shower Power should be in Coles supermarkets. Despite the product success, Peter Quinn says the company was wary of how long the sales would last and hesitate to spend money on upgrading the manufacturing process. As a result, he remembers long periods of working around the clock to keep up with orders. Small tanks were still being used so batches were small and bottles were labeled and filled manually. The privately owned OzKleen relied on cashflow to expand. “The equipment could not keep up with demand,” Peter Quinn says. Eventually a new bottling machine was bought for $50,000 in the hope of streamlining production, but he says: “We got ripped off.”Since then he has been developing a new automated bottling machine that can control the amount of foam produced in the liquid, so that bottles can be filled more effectively —“I love coming up with new ideas.”The machine is being patented.G Peter Quinn says OzKleen’s approach to research and development is open slather. “If I need it, I get it. It is about doing something simple that no one else is doing. Most of these things are jus sitting in front of people ... it’s just seeing the opportunities.”With a tried and tested product, OzKleen is expanding overseas and developing more Power-brand household products. Tom Quinn, who previously ran a real estate agency, says: “We are competing with the same market all over the world, the(cleaning)products are sold everywhere.”Shower Power, known as Bath Power in Britain, was launched four years ago with the help of an export development grand from the Federal Government. “We wanted to do it straight away because we realized we had the same opportunities worldwide.” OzKleen is already number three in the British market, and the next stop is France. The Power range includes cleaning products for carpets, kitchens and pre-wash stain removal. The Quinn and Heron families are still involved. OzKleen has been approached with offers to buy the company, but Tom Quinn says he is happy with things as they are. “We’re having too much fun.”Questions 1-7Reading Passage 1 has seven paragraphs A-G.Which paragraph contains the followinginformation?Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.1．The description of one family member persuading another of selling cleaning products正确答案：F解析：利用反向思维词“one family member”推测原文对应信息应该出现“familymember”对应的下位词，例如father,mother,brother等。
雅思(阅读)历年真题试卷汇编11(题后含答案及解析)
雅思（阅读）历年真题试卷汇编11(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1.You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.The Origins of LaughterWhile joking and wit are uniquely human inventions, laughter certainly is not. Other creatures, including chimpanzees, gorillas and even rats, laugh. The fact that they laugh suggests that laughter has been around for a lot longer than we have.There is no doubt that laughing typically involves groups of people. “Laughter evolved as a signal to others —it almost disappears when we are alone,” says Robert Provine, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland. Provine found that most laughter comes as a polite reaction to everyday remarks such as “see you later”, rather than anything particularly funny. And the way we laugh depends on the company we’re keeping. Men tend to laugh longer and harder when they are with other men, perhaps as a way of bonding. Women tend to laugh more and at a higher pitch when men are present, possibly indicating flirtation or even submission.To find the origins of laughter, Provine believes we need to look at play. He points out that the masters of laughing are children, and nowhere is their talent more obvious than in the boisterous antics, and the original context is play. Well-known primate watchers, including Dian Fossey and Jane Goodall, have long argued that chimps laugh while at play. The sound they produce is known as a pant laugh. It seems obvious when you watch their behavior —they even have the same ticklish spots as we do. But after removing the context, the parallel between human laughter and a chimp’s characteristic pant laugh is not so clear. When Provine played a tape of the pant laughs to 119 of his students, for example, only two guessed correctly what it was.These findings underline how chimp and human laughter vary. When we laugh the sound is usually produced by chopping up a single exhalation into a series of shorter with one sound produced on each inward and outward breath. The question is: does this pant laughter have the same source as our own laughter? New research lends weight to the idea that it does. The findings come from Elke Zimmerman, head of the Institute for Zoology in Germany, who compared the sounds made by babies and chimpanzees in response to tickling during the first year of their life. Using sound spectrographs to reveal the pitch and intensity of vocalizations, she discovered that chimp and human baby laughter follow broadly the same pattern. Zimmerman believes the closeness of baby laughter to chimp laughter supports the idea that laughter was around long before humans arrived on the scene. What started simply as a modification of breathing associated with enjoyable and playful interactions has acquired a symbolic meaning as an indicator of pleasure.Pinpointing when laughter developed is another matter. Humans and chimps share a common ancestor that lived perhaps 8 million years ago, but animals might have been laughing long before that. More distantly related primates, including gorillas, laugh, and anecdotal evidence suggests that other social mammals can do too. Scientists arecurrently testing such stories with a comparative analysis of just how common laughter is among animals. So far, though, the most compelling evidence for laughter beyond primates comes from research done by Jaak Panksepp from Bowling Green State University, Ohio, into the ultrasonic chirps produced by rats during play and in response to tickling.All this still doesn’t answer the question of why we laugh at all. One idea is that laughter and tickling originated as a way of sealing the relationship between mother and child. Another is that the reflex response to tickling is protective, alerting us to the presence of crawling creatures that might harm us or compelling us to defend the parts of our bodies that are most vulnerable in hand-to-hand combat. But the idea that has gained the most popularity in recent years is that laughter in response to tickling is a way for two individuals to signal and test their trust in one another. This hypothesis starts from the observation that although a little tickle can be enjoyable, if it goes on too long it can be torture. By engaging in a bout of tickling, we put ourselves at the mercy of another individual, and laughing is what makes it a reliable signal of trust, according to Tom Flamson, a laughter researcher at the University of California, Los Angels. “Even in rats, laughter, tickle, play and trust are linked. Rats chirp a lot when they play,” says Flamson. “These chirps can be aroused by tickling. And they get bonded to us as a result, which certainly seems like a show of trust.”We’ll never know which animal laughed the first laugh, or why. But we can be sure it wasn’t in response to a prehistoric joke. The funny thing is that while the origins of laughter are probably quite serious, we owe human laughter and our language-based humor to the same unique skill. While other animals pant, we alone can control our breath well enough to produce the sound of laughter. Without that control there would also be no speech —and no jokes to endure.Questions 1-6Look at the following research findings(Questions 1-6)and the list of people below.Match each finding with the correct person, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter, A, B, C or D, in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.List of PeopleA ProvineB ZimmermanC PankseppD Flamson1．Babies and some animals produce laughter which sounds similar.正确答案：B解析：利用细节词“babies”和“some animals”定位于原文第三段中间Elke Zimmerman的观点“she discovered that chimp and human baby laughter follow broadly the samepattern”，其中“follow the same pattern”对应题目的“similar”，所以答案为B。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Language
C4T2R1 Lost for Words
C5T1R1 Johnson’s Dictionary
C5T2R3 The Birth of Scientific English
C4T3R3 Obtaining Linguistic Data
C9T3R1 Attitude to Language
Environment
C4T1R1 Rainforest
C5T1R3 The Truth about the Environment
C5T3R2 Disappearing Delta
C7T1R2 Making Every Drop Count
C7T2R2 The True Cost of Food (Food)
C7T3R3 Deforestation
C5T4R1 The Impact of Wildness Tourism (Tourism) Education
C4T2R3 Play is a Serious Business
C5T2R3 Early Childhood Education
C9T2R1 Children Development
Biology
C4T1R2 What Do Whales Feel?
C5T4R3 The Effect of Light on Plant and Animal Species
C7T1R1 Let’s Go Bats (Technology)
C7T3R1 Ant Intelligence
C7T3R2 Population Movement and Genetics (Geography, Society) C8T2R3 The Meaning and Power of Smell
C8T3R3 How Does the Biological Clock Tick?
C8T4R2 Biological Control of Pests
C8T4R3 Collecting Ant Specimens
C8T3R2 The Nature of Genius
Psychology
C4T1R3 Visual Symbols and the Blind
C5T1R2 Nature or Nurture
C5T2R2 What’s so Funny?
C7T1R3 Educating Psycho
C8T1R3 Telepathy
C9T2R3 A Neuroscientist Reveals How to Think Differently
C9T4R2 Young Children’s Sense of Identity
Health/ Medicine
C4T2R2 Alternative Medicine in Australia
C4T4R3 The Problem of Scarce Resources
C6T2R2 Greying Population Stays in the Pink
C6T3R3 The Search for Anti-aging Pills
C6T4R1 Doctoring Sales
Technology
C5T2R1 Bakelite
C5T3R3 The Return of Artificial Intelligence
C5T4R2 Flawed Beauty: the Problem with Toughened Glasses C8T1R1 A Chronicle of Timekeeping
C8T2R1 Sheet Glass Manufacture: the Float Process
C9T3R3 Information Theory – the Big Idea Geography
C4T3R2 V olcanoes-earth-shattering News
C6T1R3 Climate Change and the Inuit
C8T2R2 The Little Ice Age
C8T4R1 Land of the Rising Sum
C9T2R2 Venus in Transit
C9T3R2 Tidal Power
C9T1R2 Is There Anybody out There?
Sports
C4T4R1 How much higher? How much faster?
C6T1R1 Australia Sporting Success
Archaeology
C4T4R2 The Nature and Aims of Archeology Transport
C6T1R2 Delivering the Goods
C6T2R1 Advantages of Public Transport
C8T1R2 Air Traffic Control in the USA
Science
C6T2R3 Numeration
Media
C6T3R1 Cinema
Society/ Social Life
C4T3R1 Micro-Enterprise Credit for Street Youth
C6T3R2 Motivating Employees under Adverse Conditions
C6T4R2 Do Literate Women Make Better Mothers?
C6T4R3 Bullying
C7T2R3 Makete Integrated Rural Transport Project
C7T4R2 Endless Harvest
C7T4R3 Effects of Noise (Environment, Biology) Architecture
C7T2R1 Why Pagodas don’t Fall down
C7T4R1 Pulling Strings to Build Pyramids
Culture
C8T3R1 Striking Back at Lightning With Lasers (Physics) C9T1R1 William Henry Perkin
C9T1R2 The History of the Tortoise (Biology)
C9T4R1 The Life and Work of Marie Curie
C9T4R3 The Development of Museums。