正态分布的性质及实际应用举例

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华北水利水电学院

正态分布的性质及实际应用举例

课程名称:概率论与数理统计

专业班级:电气工程及其自动化091班

成员组成:姓名:邓旗学号: 201009102

姓名:王宇翔学号:201009101

姓名:陈涵学号:201009132

联系方式:

2012年5月24日

1 引言:正态分布(normal distribution)又名高斯分布(Gaussian distribution),是一个在数学、物理及工程等领域都非常重要的概率分布,在

统计学的许多方面有着重大的影响力。本文就从正态分布的实际性质应用举例等各个方面进行简单阐述并进行探讨,使同学们能够对所掌握的知识有更清楚地认识。

2 研究问题及成果:

2.1 正态分布性质;

2.2 3σ原则及标准正态分布;

2.3 实际应用举例说明

摘要:正态分布是最重要的一种概率分布。正态分布概念是由德国数学家与天文学家Moivre于1733年首次提出的,但由于德国数学家Gauss率先将其应用于天文学研究,故此正态分布又称高斯分布。在许多实际问题中遇到的随机变量都服从或近似服从正态分布:在生产中,产品的质量指标,如电子管的使用寿命,电容器的电容量,零件的尺寸。铁水含磷量,纺织品的纤度和强度等一般都服从正态分布。在测量中,如大地测量,天平称量物体,化学分析某物之中某元素的含量等,测量结果一般服从正态分布。在生物学中,同一群体的某种特性指标,如某地同龄儿童的身高,体重,肺活量,在一定条件下生长的农作物的产量等一般服从正态分布。在气象学中,某地每年7月份的平均气温,平均温度以及降水量等一般也服从正态分布。总之。正态分布广泛存在于自然现象,社会现象以及生产,科学技术的各个领域中。本文就从正态分布的实际性质应用举例等各个方面进行简单阐述并进行探讨,使同学们能够对所掌握的知识有更清楚地认识。

关键词:正态分布

The nature of the normal distribution and the example of practical application

Abstract:the normal distribution is the probability distribution of one of the most important.

Normal distribution concepts is Germany first proposed by mathematician and astronomer Moivre in 1733, but since Germany mathematician Gauss first applied in astronomy, so also called the Gaussian distribution of the normal distribution. In many practical problems encountered in the approximate normal distribution random variables are subject to, or: in production, product quality indicators, such as the life of the tube, the capacitance of capacitors, dimensions of the part. Phosphorus content in hot metal, textile fibers and strength are generally subject to the normal distribution. In surveying, geodesy, weighing scales objects, such as chemical analysis of some of the content of an element, General normal distribution measurement results. In biology, a certain characteristic index of the same group, such as a certain age children's height, body weight, vital capacity, under certain conditions the yield of crops on the growth of General normal distribution. In meteorology, a place every July average temperature, average temperature and precipitation generally normal distribution. All in all. Normal distribution is widely present in natural phenomena, social phenomena, as well as the production, in the various fields of science and technology. This article from the actual properties of the normal distribution apply to explore various aspects, such as for example a simple elaboration and, enable students to acquire knowledge have a better understanding.

Key words:Normal distribution Practical application

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