第三代太阳能电池,激子,瞬态吸收光谱 荧光光谱
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哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文
photovoltaic devices. Absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy of the CdSe colloidal quantum dots and its films are respectively analyzed.Compared the differences between them, the conclusion that blue shifting of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy of CdSe quantum dot films in contact with air which is excited by the laser are obtained. Based on the fitting analysis of time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy and time-resolved fluorescence spectra testing data of the CdSe colloidal quantum dots and its films, the influence mechanism of surface trapping effect to the lifetime of excitons is confirmed. And the dynamic mechanism of the excitons from production to the final recombination in the CdSe quantum dots is confirmed. Also through analyzing the differences between them, the conclusion that there is strong coupling between the quantum dots which are prepared into films and packed together closely and the charge will transfer between the mutual coupled quantum dots is obtained. At the same time, the photovoltage spectroscopy and transient photocurrent of the CdSe quantum dot photovoltaic devices are studied. Through using the photovoltage spectroscopy and transient photocurrent texting technique, The photoelectric and photovoltage properties of the CdSe quantum dot photovoltaic devices are known, and the exciton-split dynamic processes in photovoltaic devices and interface charge transfer are confirmed. Key words: CdSe quantum dots; photovoltaic devices; exciton dynamic processes; ultrafast spectroscopy technology; photovoltage properties
哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文
摘 要
太阳能作为一种清洁，环保的可再生能源一直以来广泛受到人们的关注。 近些年，以各种新型纳米材料的应用和新结构的研发为出发点的新一代（也被 称为第三代）高效太阳能电池正在成为研究的热点。与传统的太阳能电池相比， 新一代太阳能电池不但保持了薄膜太阳能电池的环保、低成本的优势，而且可 以显著提高太阳能电池的光电转化效率。本课题针对新一代基于多重激子效应 的量子点太阳能电池，探索和研究了 CdSe 半导体量子点及其光伏器中的激子 动力过程。 本论文首先研究了 CdSe 量子点薄膜及其光伏器件的制备工艺，确定了制 备薄膜及其光伏器件的实验条件和实验方法，应用提拉法将 CdSe 胶体量子制 备成以玻璃为基底的 CdSe 量子点薄膜，阐述了实验中采用有机双层膜异质结 太阳能电池的结构、基本原理和各种制备材料的性质，详细介绍了利用旋膜法、 提拉法、 以及真空蒸镀技术制备结构为 ITO/PEDOT:PASS/ CdSe(QDs)/PCMB/Al 的 CdSe 量子点光伏器件的整个过程。 其次，介绍了超快光谱技术及光电特性测试系统。由于本文对 CdSe 量子 点的激子动力学过程的研究是利用飞秒时间分辨瞬态吸收超快光谱技术和皮秒 时间分辨荧光超快光谱技术来进行的。因此，对以上两种光谱技术的基本原理 和测试方法进行了详细介绍。同时也介绍了 CdSe 量子点在光伏器件中的激子 动力学过程的研究中所用到的光电压谱及瞬态光电流测试技术的基本原理和测 试方法。 最后，利用相关实验系统，以 CdSe 胶体量子点、耦合量子点薄膜和量子 点光伏器为研究对象，主要研究了孤立量子点及耦合量子点中双激子弛豫、表 面俘获等超快激子动力学过程，以及光伏器件中激子拆分动力学过程。测试了 CdSe 胶体量子点和 CdSe 量子点薄膜的吸收光谱和荧光光谱，并且对比分析了 二者之间存在的差异，得出了与空气接触的 CdSe 量子点薄膜被激光激发后， 其吸收光谱和荧光光谱会发生蓝移的结论。通过对 CdSe 胶体量子点和 CdSe 量 子点薄膜的时间分辨瞬态吸收光谱和时间分辨荧光光谱的测试数据进行拟合分 析，确认了表面俘获作用对激子寿命的影响机理，明确了 CdSe 量子点中激子 从产生到最终复合的动力学机制；同时也对比分析了二者之间存在的差异，得 出了成膜后、密堆积在一起的量子点之间存在着较强的耦合相互作用，电荷会 在相互耦合的量子点间发生转移结论。 并利用光电压谱和瞬态光电流测试技术， 研究了所制备 CdSe 量子点光伏器件的光电流和光电压特性，确认了光伏器件
硕士学位论文
CdSe 半导体量子点薄膜及光伏器件中激子 动力学过程的研究
STUDY ON THE EXCITON DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN CdSe SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOT THIN FILMS AND ITS PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES
wk.baidu.com
张大勇
STUDY ON THE EXCITON DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN CdSe SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOT THIN FILMS AND ITS PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES
Candidate： Supervisor： Academic Degree Applied for： Speciality： Affiliation： Date of Defence：
-I-
哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文
中激子拆分和界面电荷转移的动力学过程。 关键字：CdSe 量子点；光伏器件；激子动力学；超快光谱技术；光电压特 性
- II -
哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文
Abstract
Solar power as a kind of clean, renewable energy has been received extensive attention. In recent years, the new generation solar cells with high efficiency (also known as the third generation) which put the applications of variety of new nano-materials and the research of new structure as the starting point is becoming a research hotspot. Compared with conventional solar cells, the new generation high efficiency solar cells not only maintain the advantage of environmental protection and low cost characteristics of the thin film solar cells, but also can significantly improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. This paper is intended for the new generation solar cells based on multiple excitons effect in quantum dots, and studies the exciton dynamic processes in the semiconductor CdSe quantum dots and its photovoltaic devices. This paper firstly studies the preparation technology of CdSe quantum dot thin films and its photovoltaic devices; the experimental conditions and the experimental method of the preparation of CdSe quantum dot thin films and its photovoltaic devices are confirmed. Dip-coating method was applied to prepar colloidal CdSe quantum dots into CdSe quantum dot thin films with the ITO glass as the substrate. the structure, basic principle and properties of various kinds of materials used for preparation of organic double heterojunction solar cell in experiments are interpreted; and the whole preparation process of CdSe quantum dot photovoltaic devices with structure of ITO/PEDOT: PASS/ CdSe(QDs)/PCMB /Al is introduced, using the spin coating method, dip-coating method, and vacuum evaporation technique. Secondly, the ultrafast spectroscopy and photoelectric characteristics testing system are introduced. In this paper, the study of exciton dynamic processes in CdSe quantum dots uses the femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption ultrafast spectroscopy and picosecond time-resolved fluorescence ultrafast spectroscopy. Then, therefore, the basic principle of two kinds of spectrum technique and testing methods above is learned and researched, as well as for the basic principle and testing method of transient photocurrent and photovoltage spectrum testing technique to CdSe quantum dots in the photovoltaic devices . Finally, using the relevant experiment system, CdSe colloidal quantum dots, coupled CdSe quantum dot films and CdSe quantum dot photovoltaic devices as the research object, the untrafast dynamic processes of biexciton relaxation ， surface trapping in quantum dots etc. in the isolated quantum dots and coupled quantum dots are mainly studied, as well as the exciton-split dynamic process in
Dayong Zhang Associate Prof. Qingxin Yang Master of Science Condensed Matter Physics School of Science June, 2013
Degree-Conferring-Institution： Harbin Institute of Technology
所 在 单 位 ：理学院 答 辩 日 期 ： 2013 年 6 月 授予学位单位 ：哈尔滨工业大学
Classified Index: O472.3 U.D.C: 535
School Code: 10213 Secrecy grade: Open
Dissertation for the Master Degree in Science
哈尔滨工业大学 2013 年 6 月
国内图书分类号： O472.3 国际图书分类号： 535
学校代码： 10213 密级：公开
理学硕士学位论文
CdSe 半导体量子点薄膜及光伏器件中激子 动力学过程的研究
硕 士 研 究 生 ：张大勇 导 师 ：杨庆鑫副教授
申 请 学 位 ：理学硕士 学 科 ：凝聚态物理
哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文
photovoltaic devices. Absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy of the CdSe colloidal quantum dots and its films are respectively analyzed.Compared the differences between them, the conclusion that blue shifting of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy of CdSe quantum dot films in contact with air which is excited by the laser are obtained. Based on the fitting analysis of time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy and time-resolved fluorescence spectra testing data of the CdSe colloidal quantum dots and its films, the influence mechanism of surface trapping effect to the lifetime of excitons is confirmed. And the dynamic mechanism of the excitons from production to the final recombination in the CdSe quantum dots is confirmed. Also through analyzing the differences between them, the conclusion that there is strong coupling between the quantum dots which are prepared into films and packed together closely and the charge will transfer between the mutual coupled quantum dots is obtained. At the same time, the photovoltage spectroscopy and transient photocurrent of the CdSe quantum dot photovoltaic devices are studied. Through using the photovoltage spectroscopy and transient photocurrent texting technique, The photoelectric and photovoltage properties of the CdSe quantum dot photovoltaic devices are known, and the exciton-split dynamic processes in photovoltaic devices and interface charge transfer are confirmed. Key words: CdSe quantum dots; photovoltaic devices; exciton dynamic processes; ultrafast spectroscopy technology; photovoltage properties
哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文
摘 要
太阳能作为一种清洁，环保的可再生能源一直以来广泛受到人们的关注。 近些年，以各种新型纳米材料的应用和新结构的研发为出发点的新一代（也被 称为第三代）高效太阳能电池正在成为研究的热点。与传统的太阳能电池相比， 新一代太阳能电池不但保持了薄膜太阳能电池的环保、低成本的优势，而且可 以显著提高太阳能电池的光电转化效率。本课题针对新一代基于多重激子效应 的量子点太阳能电池，探索和研究了 CdSe 半导体量子点及其光伏器中的激子 动力过程。 本论文首先研究了 CdSe 量子点薄膜及其光伏器件的制备工艺，确定了制 备薄膜及其光伏器件的实验条件和实验方法，应用提拉法将 CdSe 胶体量子制 备成以玻璃为基底的 CdSe 量子点薄膜，阐述了实验中采用有机双层膜异质结 太阳能电池的结构、基本原理和各种制备材料的性质，详细介绍了利用旋膜法、 提拉法、 以及真空蒸镀技术制备结构为 ITO/PEDOT:PASS/ CdSe(QDs)/PCMB/Al 的 CdSe 量子点光伏器件的整个过程。 其次，介绍了超快光谱技术及光电特性测试系统。由于本文对 CdSe 量子 点的激子动力学过程的研究是利用飞秒时间分辨瞬态吸收超快光谱技术和皮秒 时间分辨荧光超快光谱技术来进行的。因此，对以上两种光谱技术的基本原理 和测试方法进行了详细介绍。同时也介绍了 CdSe 量子点在光伏器件中的激子 动力学过程的研究中所用到的光电压谱及瞬态光电流测试技术的基本原理和测 试方法。 最后，利用相关实验系统，以 CdSe 胶体量子点、耦合量子点薄膜和量子 点光伏器为研究对象，主要研究了孤立量子点及耦合量子点中双激子弛豫、表 面俘获等超快激子动力学过程，以及光伏器件中激子拆分动力学过程。测试了 CdSe 胶体量子点和 CdSe 量子点薄膜的吸收光谱和荧光光谱，并且对比分析了 二者之间存在的差异，得出了与空气接触的 CdSe 量子点薄膜被激光激发后， 其吸收光谱和荧光光谱会发生蓝移的结论。通过对 CdSe 胶体量子点和 CdSe 量 子点薄膜的时间分辨瞬态吸收光谱和时间分辨荧光光谱的测试数据进行拟合分 析，确认了表面俘获作用对激子寿命的影响机理，明确了 CdSe 量子点中激子 从产生到最终复合的动力学机制；同时也对比分析了二者之间存在的差异，得 出了成膜后、密堆积在一起的量子点之间存在着较强的耦合相互作用，电荷会 在相互耦合的量子点间发生转移结论。 并利用光电压谱和瞬态光电流测试技术， 研究了所制备 CdSe 量子点光伏器件的光电流和光电压特性，确认了光伏器件
硕士学位论文
CdSe 半导体量子点薄膜及光伏器件中激子 动力学过程的研究
STUDY ON THE EXCITON DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN CdSe SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOT THIN FILMS AND ITS PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES
wk.baidu.com
张大勇
STUDY ON THE EXCITON DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN CdSe SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOT THIN FILMS AND ITS PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES
Candidate： Supervisor： Academic Degree Applied for： Speciality： Affiliation： Date of Defence：
-I-
哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文
中激子拆分和界面电荷转移的动力学过程。 关键字：CdSe 量子点；光伏器件；激子动力学；超快光谱技术；光电压特 性
- II -
哈尔滨工业大学理学硕士学位论文
Abstract
Solar power as a kind of clean, renewable energy has been received extensive attention. In recent years, the new generation solar cells with high efficiency (also known as the third generation) which put the applications of variety of new nano-materials and the research of new structure as the starting point is becoming a research hotspot. Compared with conventional solar cells, the new generation high efficiency solar cells not only maintain the advantage of environmental protection and low cost characteristics of the thin film solar cells, but also can significantly improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. This paper is intended for the new generation solar cells based on multiple excitons effect in quantum dots, and studies the exciton dynamic processes in the semiconductor CdSe quantum dots and its photovoltaic devices. This paper firstly studies the preparation technology of CdSe quantum dot thin films and its photovoltaic devices; the experimental conditions and the experimental method of the preparation of CdSe quantum dot thin films and its photovoltaic devices are confirmed. Dip-coating method was applied to prepar colloidal CdSe quantum dots into CdSe quantum dot thin films with the ITO glass as the substrate. the structure, basic principle and properties of various kinds of materials used for preparation of organic double heterojunction solar cell in experiments are interpreted; and the whole preparation process of CdSe quantum dot photovoltaic devices with structure of ITO/PEDOT: PASS/ CdSe(QDs)/PCMB /Al is introduced, using the spin coating method, dip-coating method, and vacuum evaporation technique. Secondly, the ultrafast spectroscopy and photoelectric characteristics testing system are introduced. In this paper, the study of exciton dynamic processes in CdSe quantum dots uses the femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption ultrafast spectroscopy and picosecond time-resolved fluorescence ultrafast spectroscopy. Then, therefore, the basic principle of two kinds of spectrum technique and testing methods above is learned and researched, as well as for the basic principle and testing method of transient photocurrent and photovoltage spectrum testing technique to CdSe quantum dots in the photovoltaic devices . Finally, using the relevant experiment system, CdSe colloidal quantum dots, coupled CdSe quantum dot films and CdSe quantum dot photovoltaic devices as the research object, the untrafast dynamic processes of biexciton relaxation ， surface trapping in quantum dots etc. in the isolated quantum dots and coupled quantum dots are mainly studied, as well as the exciton-split dynamic process in
Dayong Zhang Associate Prof. Qingxin Yang Master of Science Condensed Matter Physics School of Science June, 2013
Degree-Conferring-Institution： Harbin Institute of Technology
所 在 单 位 ：理学院 答 辩 日 期 ： 2013 年 6 月 授予学位单位 ：哈尔滨工业大学
Classified Index: O472.3 U.D.C: 535
School Code: 10213 Secrecy grade: Open
Dissertation for the Master Degree in Science
哈尔滨工业大学 2013 年 6 月
国内图书分类号： O472.3 国际图书分类号： 535
学校代码： 10213 密级：公开
理学硕士学位论文
CdSe 半导体量子点薄膜及光伏器件中激子 动力学过程的研究
硕 士 研 究 生 ：张大勇 导 师 ：杨庆鑫副教授
申 请 学 位 ：理学硕士 学 科 ：凝聚态物理