语法专题三 代词

中考专题三代词

1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语. He teaches ______(we) Chinese .

2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为:

单数:二,三,一（You, she and I ）复数:一,二,三(we , you and they )

注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)

She and I have been to Beijing . Who broke the window ? I and Mike .

注：it 还有一些特别的用法。

1）用作形式主语,常用于“It’s +adj +to do sth”句型中.

2) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.

3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中.

4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.

5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj +that 从句”中.

6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth .

二.物主代词.

1.形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。

2.名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。

Our classroom is as big as ______(they) . This is a friend of ______(my).

注: 1)名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词.

（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词）

2)形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词.

My own house = a house of my own

记忆小窍门:

反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.

反身代词的常用搭配:

enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learn…by ones lf all by oneself

help oneself to … look after oneself leave sb by oneself lose oneself in

say to oneself for oneself dress oneself improve oneself see /look at oneself in the mirror

四.指示代词

1.近指: this these 远指: that those

2.用法:

1)that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词.

The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai .

The books in that shop are cheaper than ______in this shop.

A.this

B.that

C.one

D.those

2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.

He had a bad cold ,that is why he didn’t come .

3)在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方.

This is Tom speaking . Who is that ?

五.不定代词的区别.

1.one与it 的区别

One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it代替上文中出现的某事物.

This book is a good one . May I borrow it ?

2.some与any 的区别

一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句,条件句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some 代any. 常用于could / would / May 开头或what about /how about …. 的句中。

May I have some water ?

He asked me for some paper , but I didn’t have any .

3.many与much的区别

Many+可数名词的复数Much+不可数名词都相当于a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词

注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .

4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别

注意：few修饰可数名词复数。

1.few (= not many; hardly any)含否定意义；a few (= some; several; a small

number of) 含肯定意义。

2. not a few = no few = quite a few = a good few = many。

3. 当few受every, last, past, next, some, very等词所修饰时，表示肯定意义，few之前不再有冠词。如：

In the last few minutes, he checked up his paper again.

It took us some few days to repair the machine.

They are very few in number.

There were too few of them.

He goes to see his grandma every few weeks.

The story is easy to read . there are _____ new words in it .