TRIPS知识产权案例 PPT
TRIPS知识产权案例 PPT
TRIPS知识产权案例 PPT 一、背景介绍1.1 TRIPS协议简介1.2 TRIPS协议与知识产权法律体系的关系1.3 TRIPS协议对发展中国家的影响二、TRIPS协议下的知识产权案例分析2.1 案例一：TRIPS协议与药品专利保护2.2 案例二：TRIPS协议与种植物品种保护2.3 案例三：TRIPS协议与数字版权保护2.4 案例四：TRIPS协议与地理标志保护三、案例解析3.1 案例背景和分析3.2 案例涉及法律问题和争议3.3 案例处理结果及相关影响四、TRIPS协议实践经验总结4.1 TRIPS协议实践的成功案例4.2 TRIPS协议实践中的挑战和问题4.3 TRIPS协议实践的启示和建议五、TRIPS协议修订和未来走向展望5.1 TRIPS协议修订的背景和目的5.2 TRIPS协议修订的进展和成果5.3 TRIPS协议未来走向的展望和预测六、结论和建议6.1 TRIPS协议对知识产权保护的作用和意义6.2 TRIPS协议的优缺点分析和评价6.3 TRIPS协议实践中应注意的问题和建议简要注释如下：TRIPS协议：世界贸易组织关于知识产权的协议。
知识产权：指人们在创造和使用知识、技术、文化和艺术作品等方面所享有的权利。
专利保护：指对新型技术、新品种等的独占性保护。
版权保护：指对文字、音乐、戏剧、艺术作品等的独占性保护。
地理标志保护：指特定地域的产品或服务在商标上使用地理名称，以表明其来源地并彰显其特色和质量。
数字版权保护：指数字媒体内容的版权保护。
本文档所涉及的法律名词及注释：世界贸易组织：是一个全球性的贸易组织，致力于促进全球自由贸易和经济合作。
专利法：是保护发明创造的法律，其主要目的是鼓励科学技术的发展，保护发明人的权益。
版权法：是保护文学、艺术、戏剧、音乐、电影等作品的法律，其主要目的是保护创作者的利益。
商标法：是保护商标的法律，其主要目的是保护商家的商业信誉和经济利益。
反垄断法：是对市场垄断行为进行规范和制约的法律，以维护市场公平竞争的原则。
【精品讲座课件】企业发展与知识产权战略,ppt,可编辑
2、专利情报的作用 申请专利前，检索已有技术 避免重复，提高科研起点 无偿使用外国技术、失效的中国专利 在技术贸易、产品出口中摸清对方底牌 了解竞争对手科研、市场动向 反击专利纠纷中的原告
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3、专利情报与产品开发 开发研究前的专利检索 竞争对手专利情报跟踪与分析 开发成果的专利申请保护 专利产品的市场侵权监督 建立预警机制避免侵权风险
知识产权指在科学、技术和文化艺术领 域内，人们利用知识而创造出来的精神财富 依法所享有的权利 ，亦称智力成果权。
主要包括：专利权（发明、实用新型、 外观设计）、商标权、企业名称、原产地名 称、著作权及其临接权、植物新品种、集成 电路布图设计和商业秘密等。
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（二）知识产权是企业发展的 核心竞争力
知识产权 具有法律授予的专有权利 1.知识产权的法律特征：
深入开发，并予以保护的原则。 （6）步步为营、层层防御原则。 （7）技术诀窍的保留必须满足充分公开原则。 （8）内容单一性原则。 （9）优先修改原则。
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权利要求与说明书的配合：公开与独占的策略
（1）独立权利要求与发明目的的一致性。 （2）发明目的与其创造性及尽可能宽的保护范围一致性。 （3）独权的前序技术特征与共有技术特征的一致性。 （4）权项中概括性用语与说明书实施方案数的一致性。 （5）独权保护的主题与发明名称的一致性。 （6）权项的技术方案与说明书中技术方案的一致性。 （7）发明目的、技术方案和效果的一致性。
业转型升级，打造成物流技术装备制造企业。 2004年成为同行业中的唯一上市公司，通过实施 知识产权战略，成为国家知识产权示范企业、创 新型示范企业，正在向智能化制造迈进。
案例4：品牌铸就“徐工”辉煌之路 徐工集团成立于1989年，20多年坚持打造品
《TRIPS协议简介》课件
TRIPS协议的主要内容和领域
知识产权保护种类包
涵
贸易中的知识产权问
题
技术转让和合作
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发达国家向发展中国家
提供技术支持
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专利
•
专利保护的最低标准
•
版权和邻接权
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知识产权的执法和诉讼
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技术转让和专利许可
•
商标
•
商品和服务的商标保护
协议的效果
技术创新的推动
TRIPS协议被超过150个国家接受
TRIPS协议推动了知识产权的国际
TRIPS协议鼓励企业进行创新和研
和实施，成为全球知增加了技术创新的机会，推
的基准。
创新和经济发展。
动了全球科技进步。
结论和建议
TRIPS协议在促进知识产权保护和技术创新方面发挥了重要作用，但也需要平
有助于促进发展中国家的技术进步和经济发展。
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知识产权保护压力加大
发展中国家需要在经济发展和创新能力之间寻求平衡，避免知识产权保护对本国
产业和公众利益的不利影响。
3
市场准入障碍增加
TRIPS协议要求各国加强知识产权的保护，可能增加发展中国家产品进入发达国
家市场的难度。
TRIPS协议的国际实施和效果
协议的国际实施
重要国际协定。它为成员国在知识产权领域提供了一系列规则和标准。
TRIPS协议的目标和原则
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促进创新和技术转让
TRIPS协议旨在通过保护知识产权，鼓励创新和技术转让，推动全球经济发展。
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平衡各方利益 ⚖️
TRIPS协议的原则是确保知识产权的保护既不过分限制技术创新，也不剥夺公众的合理利
10我国专利法与TRIPS协议-PPT课件
四，增加许诺销售权的规定 许诺销售是以做广告、在商店货 架或者展销会会场陈列等方式作出的 销售商品的许诺。修改前的专利法在 外观设计专利权中没有规定许诺销售 权。
考虑到外观设计是我国的优势领域， 提高外观设计专利权保护水平对我国 有利，修改后的专利法在外观设计专 利中增加了许诺销售的权利，规定： 外观设计专利权被授予后，任何单位 或者个人未经专利权人许可，都不得 实施其专利，即不得为生产经营目的 制造、许诺销售、销售、进口其外观 设计专利产品。
随着生物技术的发展，在医药研发和 动植物新品种开发过程中，越来越多 的人不经生物资源来源地国家的同意， 擅自利用他国生物资源进行医药开发， 并申请专利，获得垄断利益。这种 “生物剽窃”行为激起了广大生物资 源丰富国家的愤慨。
在保护全球生物多样性、促进人类可 持续发展的广泛共识之下，国际层面 对遗产资源的保护逐渐形成了以《生 物多样性公约》为代表的若干国际规 则。《生物多样性公约》规定，遗传 资源的利用应当遵循国家主权、知情 同意、惠益分享的原则，并明确规定， 专利制度应有助于实现保护遗传资源 的目标。
二，修改前的专利法规定，在我国国 内完成的发明创造向外国申请专利， 须先申请中国专利。 为了鼓励向外国申请专利，提高 我国国际竞争力，根据修改后的专利 法，任何单位或者个人可以将在中国 完成的发明或者实用新型向外国申请 专利，取消了必须先申请中国专利的 限制。
同时，考虑到一些专利申请可能涉及我国 国家安全，需要进行保密审查，修改后的 专利法规定，在中国完成的发明或者实用 新型向外国申请专利的，应当事先报经国 务院专利行政部门进行保密审查。保密审 查的程序、期限等按照国务院的规定执行。 对未依法经保密审查向外国申请专利的发 明或者实用新型，在中国申请专利的，不 授予专利权。
与贸易有关的知识产权协定(TRIPs)共7页
与贸易有关的知识产权协定（TRIPs）《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》，简称TRIPs，是乌拉圭回合新拓展出来的新的重要领域。
在人类社会开始进入知识经济时代之际，这个协定——TRIPs反映了时代的要求。
把它的名字中加上“与贸易有关的”字样，主要是为了更能名正言顺地纳入WTO多边贸易体系。
从法律角度说，TRIPs与GATs在制定国际统一规则方面，形成鲜明对照。
如我们在前章所述，GATs 在协调各国服务贸易法规方面，进展甚微，连“相互承认”都很勉强；而TRIPs在这个方面却硕果累累，为国际统一规则树立了一个良好的样板。
这个“建立在现有重要知识产权条约基础之上的协定，为WTO 全体成员方必须遵守的知识产权保护规定了一系列最低标准”，“是在GATT主持下成功地协调［各国知识产权］政策的第一个样板”，“TRIPs给版权，商标，地理标志，工业设计，专利，集成电路布图，保护商业信息规定了法纪，建立了并在一定条件下超过了WIPO文件包括的巴黎、伯尔尼和罗马公约。
它还为WIPO范围未解决的问题规定了新的规则”。
一、总则TRIPs共分七部分，第一、二、三、四部分分别规定了这个协定的总则，知识产权的范围与标准，执法，取得和保持这项产权的程序。
第五、六、七部分则是争端解决，过渡安排和组织机构。
（一）适用范围第1条第2款规定，“为本协定目的，‘知识产权’一词指列入第二部分第1—7节的所有知识项目”，这些项目是：1.版权及邻接权；2.商标权；3.地理标志权；4.工业品外观设计权；5.专利权；6.集成电路布图设计权；7.信息秘密专有权。
从严格意义上说，商标和地理标志之所以加以保护主要用于商品的区别和加深消费者的印象而设。
商标并非真具知识性内容，地理原产地标志不具备知识性，仅因为列入TRIPs才当作知识产权来对待。
而通常说的知识产权主要指版权、专利权、工业设计及其秘密权、邻接权，上述7项内容主要是从现有四个知识产权公约即：巴黎（工业产权）公约、伯尔尼（版权）公约、罗马公约和集成电路公约已有规定概括出来的。
欧盟知识产权法概述与TRIPS相关分析69页PPT
15、机会是不守纪律的。过 去和未 来文化 生活的 源泉。 ——库 法耶夫 57、生命不可能有两次，但许多人连一 次也不 善于度 过。— —吕凯 特 58、问渠哪得清如许，为有源头活水来 。—— 朱熹 59、我的努力求学没有得到别的好处， 只不过 是愈来 愈发觉 自己的 无知。 ——笛 卡儿
拉
60、生活的道路一旦选定，就要勇敢地 走到底 ，决不 回头。 ——左
欧盟知识产权法概述与TRIPS 相关分析
11、战争满足了，或曾经满足过人的 好斗的 本能， 但它同 时还满 足了人 对掠夺 ，破坏 以及残 酷的纪 律和专 制力的 欲望。 ——查·埃利奥 特 12、不应把纪律仅仅看成教育的手段 。纪律 是教育 过程的 结果， 首先是 学生集 体表现 在一切 生活领 域—— 生产、 日常生 活、学 校、文 化等领 域中努 力的结 果。— —马卡 连柯(名 言网)
TRIPS知识产权案例 PPT
TRIPS知识产权案例 PPTTRIPS知识产权案例 PPT引言知识产权是在全球范围内保护创新和知识的重要机制。
世界知识产权组织（WIPO）的《知识产权三个领域实施协议》（TRIPS）是一个重要的国际条约，为知识产权的保护和实施提供了国际法律框架。
在这份文档中，我们将介绍几个与TRIPS相关的知识产权案例，以便更好地理解和应用TRIPS框架。
案例一：中国加入TRIPS的影响中国在2001年加入了TRIPS协议，这对中国的知识产权制度和实施产生了深远的影响。
在加入TRIPS之前，中国的知识产权环境相对薄弱，对知识产权的保护和侵权程度相对较低。
加入TRIPS 后，中国采取了一系措，以符合TRIPS的要求，并提高了知识产权保护的力度。
这些举措包括加强法律制度建设、加大知识产权执法力度、改善知识产权审查制度等。
中国加入TRIPS对其经济和技术创新环境产生了积极的影响。
案例二：TRIPS与医药行业的关系TRIPS对医药行业的规范有着重要影响。
根据TRIPS协议，成员国必须为在其领土上申请的药物专利提供有效的保护。
这一规定对创新药物的研发和商业化产生了积极的推动作用，鼓励了药物研发者投入更多的资源和时间来开发新的治疗方法。
然而，TRIPS也引发了一些争议，主要集中在药物专利的合理和非歧视性问题上。
一些发展中国家认为，TRIPS的规定限制了对廉价药物的生产和供应，对这些国家的公共卫生产生了负面影响。
案例三：TRIPS对互联网和数字版权的影响TRIPS协议针对互联网和数字版权的规定在信息社会中起着重要的推动作用。
TRIPS规定了成员国需要保护以电子方式传输的作品的权益，并且要提供相应的法律保护和执法机制。
这一规定对于保护数字版权以及在互联网播和使用信息具有重要意义。
然而，随着互联网的发展和信息技术的不断创新，TRIPS的规定面临着应对新兴互联网技术的挑战，例如文件共享和在线音乐服务等。
在这个领域，TRIPS的应用和解释变得更加复杂和具有挑战性。
2024年TRIPS知识产权案例(增加附录条款)
TRIPS知识产权案例(增加附录条款)TRIPS知识产权案例一、引言知识产权是当今世界经济和科技竞争的重要领域，对促进技术创新、保护企业利益、维护市场秩序具有重要作用。
作为世界贸易组织（WTO）的重要协议之一，《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》（TRIPS）旨在为成员国提供统一的知识产权保护标准，降低国际贸易中的知识产权壁垒。
本文将通过分析几个具有代表性的TRIPS知识产权案例，探讨TRIPS在实践中的应用和影响。
二、案例一：印度药品专利制度改革1.背景印度在加入WTO之前，实行了一种独特的药品专利制度，即不授予药品产品专利，只授予药品生产过程中的专利。
这种制度使得印度药企能够在全球范围内大量生产仿制药，降低了药品价格，使广大患者受益。
然而，这种制度与TRIPS的要求不符，TRIPS要求成员国对药品产品授予专利。
2.改革过程为了遵守TRIPS的规定，印度于2005年修改了其《专利法》，开始对药品产品授予专利。
然而，这一改革引发了国内外广泛争议。
一方面，印度国内药企担心专利制度改革会削弱其竞争力；另一方面，国际药品制造商指责印度仿制药企侵犯其专利权。
3.案例分析印度药品专利制度改革案例表明，TRIPS在推动成员国知识产权保护水平提高的同时，也带来了一定的挑战。
如何在保护知识产权与保障公共利益之间找到平衡，是各国在实施TRIPS过程中需要关注的问题。
三、案例二：美国与中国的知识产权争端1.背景长期以来，美国一直指责中国知识产权保护不力，认为中国企业大量侵犯美国企业的专利、商标和版权。
2007年，美国向WTO提起诉讼，要求中国加强知识产权保护。
2.争端解决过程在WTO争端解决机制下，中美双方进行了多轮磋商。
2010年，WTO专家组裁定中国部分法律、政策和做法违反了TRIPS的规定。
随后，中国对相关法律进行了修改，以符合TRIPS的要求。
3.案例分析美国与中国的知识产权争端案例表明，TRIPS为成员国提供了一个解决知识产权争端的平台。
2024版巴黎公约与TRIPS协议参考幻灯片
巴黎公约与TRIPS协议的改进方向
完善法律体系
进一步完善巴黎公约和TRIPS协议的法律体系，提高法律 的可操作性和可诉性。
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加强国际合作
加强各国之间的合作与协调，共同应对 跨国知识产权纠纷，提高纠纷解决效率。
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03
推动创新发展
推动国际知识产权合作
中国将积极推动与其他国家和国际组织的知识产权合作，加强知识产权信息交流和技术 合作，共同推动全球知识产权事业的发展。
06
结论与建议
对巴黎公约和TRIPS协议的理解与评价
巴黎公约和TRIPS协议是国际知识产权保护的重要法律文件，为各国提供了共同的标准和规则，促进了 国际知识产权的保护和合作。
巴黎公约与TRIPS协 议参考幻灯片
目录
CONTENTS
• 巴黎公约概述 • TRIPS协议概述 • 巴黎公约与TRIPS协议的比较 • 巴黎公约与TRIPS协议的实施与
影响 • 巴黎公约与TRIPS协议的未来展
望 • 结论与建议
01
巴黎公约概述
巴黎公约的背景与目的
背景
19世纪末，随着工业革命的推进和国际贸易的增加，知识产权问题逐渐凸显。为保护工业产权，促进技术创新和 文化交流，国际社会开始寻求制定统一的知识产权保护规则。
国民待遇原则
巴黎公约要求各成员国在知识产权保 护上给予其他成员国国民以不低于本 国国民的待遇。
独立性原则
巴黎公约规定，各成员国之间在工业 产权保护上相互独立，一国对某项工 业产权的保护不依赖于其他国家是否 给予保护。
巴黎公约的成员国与影响
要点一
成员国
截至2023年，巴黎公约已有170多个成员国，涵盖了全球大 部分国家和地区。
与贸易有关的知识产权TRIPS
ANNEX 1CAGREEMENT ON TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OFINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSPART I GENERAL PROVISIONS AND BASIC PRINCIPLESPART II STANDARDS CONCERNING THE AVAILABILITY, SCOPE AND USE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS1. Copyright and Related Rights2. Trademarks3. Geographical Indications4. Industrial Designs5. Patents6. Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits7. Protection of Undisclosed Information8. Control of Anti-Competitive Practices in Contractual LicencesPART III ENFORCEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS1. General Obligations2. Civil and Administrative Procedures and Remedies3. Provisional Measures4. Special Requirements Related to Border Measures5. Criminal ProceduresPART IV ACQUISITION AND MAINTENANCE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND RELATED INTER-PARTES PROCEDURESPART V DISPUTE PREVENTION AND SETTLEMENTPART VI TRANSITIONAL ARRANGEMENTSPART VII INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS; FINAL PROVISIONSAGREEMENT ON TRADE-RELATED ASPECTS OFINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSMembers,Desiring to reduce distortions and impediments to international trade, and taking into account the need to promote effective and adequate protection of intellectual property rights, and to ensure that measures and procedures to enforce intellectual property rights do not themselves become barriers to legitimate trade;Recognizing, to this end, the need for new rules and disciplines concerning:(a) the applicability of the basic principles of GATT 1994 and of relevant internationalintellectual property agreements or conventions;(b) the provision of adequate standards and principles concerning the availability, scopeand use of trade-related intellectual property rights;(c) the provision of effective and appropriate means for the enforcement of trade-relatedintellectual property rights, taking into account differences in national legal systems;(d) the provision of effective and expeditious procedures for the multilateral preventionand settlement of disputes between governments; and(e) transitional arrangements aiming at the fullest participation in the results of thenegotiations;Recognizing the need for a multilateral framework of principles, rules and disciplines dealing with international trade in counterfeit goods;Recognizing that intellectual property rights are private rights;Recognizing the underlying public policy objectives of national systems for the protection of intellectual property, including developmental and technological objectives;Recognizing also the special needs of the least-developed country Members in respect of maximum flexibility in the domestic implementation of laws and regulations in order to enable them to create a sound and viable technological base;Emphasizing the importance of reducing tensions by reaching strengthened commitments to resolve disputes on trade-related intellectual property issues through multilateral procedures;Desiring to establish a mutually supportive relationship between the WTO and the World Intellectual Property Organization (referred to in this Agreement as "WIPO") as well as other relevant international organizations;Hereby agree as follows:PART IGENERAL PROVISIONS AND BASIC PRINCIPLESArticle 1Nature and Scope of Obligations1. Members shall give effect to the provisions of this Agreement. Members may, but shall not be obliged to, implement in their law more extensive protection than is required by this Agreement, provided that such protection does not contravene the provisions of this Agreement. Members shall be free to determine the appropriate method of implementing the provisions of this Agreement within their own legal system and practice.2. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term "intellectual property" refers to all categories of intellectual property that are the subject of Sections 1 through 7 of Part II.3. Members shall accord the treatment provided for in this Agreement to the nationals of other Members.1 In respect of the relevant intellectual property right, the nationals of other Members shall be understood as those natural or legal persons that would meet the criteria for eligibility for protection provided for in the Paris Convention (1967), the Berne Convention (1971), the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, were all Members of the WTO members of those conventions.2Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in paragraph 3 of Article 5 or paragraph 2 of Article 6 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the "Council for TRIPS").Article 2Intellectual Property Conventions1. In respect of Parts II, III and IV of this Agreement, Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 12, and Article 19, of the Paris Convention (1967).2. Nothing in Parts I to IV of this Agreement shall derogate from existing obligations that Members may have to each other under the Paris Convention, the Berne Convention, the Rome Convention and the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits.Article 3National Treatment1. Each Member shall accord to the nationals of other Members treatment no less favourable than that it accords to its own nationals with regard to the protection3 of intellectual property, subject to the exceptions already provided in, respectively, the Paris Convention (1967), the Berne Convention (1971), the Rome Convention or the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits. In respect of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcasting organizations, this obligation only applies in respect of the rights provided under this Agreement. Any Member availing itself of the possibilities provided in Article 6 of the Berne Convention (1971) or paragraph 1(b) of Article 16 of the Rome Convention shall make a notification as foreseen in those provisions to the Council for TRIPS.2. Members may avail themselves of the exceptions permitted under paragraph 1 in relation to judicial and administrative procedures, including the designation of an address for service or the1 When "nationals" are referred to in this Agreement, they shall be deemed, in the case of a separate customs territory Member of the WTO, to mean persons, natural or legal, who are domiciled or who have a real and effective industrial or commercial establishment in that customs territory.2 In this Agreement, "Paris Convention" refers to the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property; "Paris Convention (1967)" refers to the Stockholm Act of this Convention of 14 July 1967. "Berne Convention" refers to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works; "Berne Convention (1971)" refers to the Paris Act of this Convention of 24 July 1971. "Rome Convention" refers to the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations, adopted at Rome on 26 October 1961. "Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits" (IPIC Treaty) refers to the Treaty on Intellectual Property in Respect of Integrated Circuits, adopted at Washington on 26 May 1989. "WTO Agreement" refers to the Agreement Establishing the WTO.3 For the purposes of Articles 3 and 4, "protection" shall include matters affecting the availability, acquisition, scope, maintenance and enforcement of intellectual property rights as well as those matters affecting the use of intellectual property rights specifically addressed in this Agreement.appointment of an agent within the jurisdiction of a Member, only where such exceptions are necessary to secure compliance with laws and regulations which are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement and where such practices are not applied in a manner which would constitute a disguised restriction on trade.Article 4Most-Favoured-Nation TreatmentWith regard to the protection of intellectual property, any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity granted by a Member to the nationals of any other country shall be accorded immediately and unconditionally to the nationals of all other Members. Exempted from this obligation are any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity accorded by a Member:(a) deriving from international agreements on judicial assistance or law enforcement of ageneral nature and not particularly confined to the protection of intellectual property;(b) granted in accordance with the provisions of the Berne Convention (1971) or theRome Convention authorizing that the treatment accorded be a function not ofnational treatment but of the treatment accorded in another country;(c) in respect of the rights of performers, producers of phonograms and broadcastingorganizations not provided under this Agreement;(d) deriving from international agreements related to the protection of intellectualproperty which entered into force prior to the entry into force of the WTO Agreement,provided that such agreements are notified to the Council for TRIPS and do notconstitute an arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination against nationals of otherMembers.Article 5Multilateral Agreements on Acquisition orMaintenance of ProtectionThe obligations under Articles 3 and 4 do not apply to procedures provided in multilateral agreements concluded under the auspices of WIPO relating to the acquisition or maintenance of intellectual property rights.Article 6ExhaustionFor the purposes of dispute settlement under this Agreement, subject to the provisions of Articles 3 and 4 nothing in this Agreement shall be used to address the issue of the exhaustion of intellectual property rights.Article 7ObjectivesThe protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights should contribute to the promotion of technological innovation and to the transfer and dissemination of technology, to the mutual advantage of producers and users of technological knowledge and in a manner conducive to social and economic welfare, and to a balance of rights and obligations.Article 8Principles1. Members may, in formulating or amending their laws and regulations, adopt measures necessary to protect public health and nutrition, and to promote the public interest in sectors of vital importance to their socio-economic and technological development, provided that such measures are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement.2. Appropriate measures, provided that they are consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, may be needed to prevent the abuse of intellectual property rights by right holders or the resort to practices which unreasonably restrain trade or adversely affect the international transfer of technology.PART IISTANDARDS CONCERNING THE AVAILABILITY, SCOPEAND USE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSSECTION 1: COPYRIGHT AND RELATED RIGHTSArticle 9Relation to the Berne Convention1. Members shall comply with Articles 1 through 21 of the Berne Convention (1971) and the Appendix thereto. However, Members shall not have rights or obligations under this Agreement in respect of the rights conferred under Article 6bis of that Convention or of the rights derived therefrom.2. Copyright protection shall extend to expressions and not to ideas, procedures, methods of operation or mathematical concepts as such.Article 10Computer Programs and Compilations of Data1. Computer programs, whether in source or object code, shall be protected as literary works under the Berne Convention (1971).2. Compilations of data or other material, whether in machine readable or other form, which by reason of the selection or arrangement of their contents constitute intellectual creations shall be protected as such. Such protection, which shall not extend to the data or material itself, shall be without prejudice to any copyright subsisting in the data or material itself.Article 11Rental RightsIn respect of at least computer programs and cinematographic works, a Member shall provide authors and their successors in title the right to authorize or to prohibit the commercial rental to the public of originals or copies of their copyright works. A Member shall be excepted from this obligation in respect of cinematographic works unless such rental has led to widespread copying of such works which is materially impairing the exclusive right of reproduction conferred in that Member on authors and their successors in title. In respect of computer programs, this obligation does not apply to rentals where the program itself is not the essential object of the rental.Article 12Term of ProtectionWhenever the term of protection of a work, other than a photographic work or a work of applied art, is calculated on a basis other than the life of a natural person, such term shall be no less than 50 years from the end of the calendar year of authorized publication, or, failing such authorized publication within 50 years from the making of the work, 50 years from the end of the calendar year of making.Article 13Limitations and ExceptionsMembers shall confine limitations or exceptions to exclusive rights to certain special cases which do not conflict with a normal exploitation of the work and do not unreasonably prejudice the legitimate interests of the right holder.Article 14Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms(Sound Recordings) and Broadcasting Organizations1. In respect of a fixation of their performance on a phonogram, performers shall have the possibility of preventing the following acts when undertaken without their authorization: the fixation of their unfixed performance and the reproduction of such fixation. Performers shall also have the possibility of preventing the following acts when undertaken without their authorization: the broadcasting by wireless means and the communication to the public of their live performance.2. Producers of phonograms shall enjoy the right to authorize or prohibit the direct or indirect reproduction of their phonograms.3. Broadcasting organizations shall have the right to prohibit the following acts when undertaken without their authorization: the fixation, the reproduction of fixations, and the rebroadcasting by wireless means of broadcasts, as well as the communication to the public of television broadcasts of the same. Where Members do not grant such rights to broadcasting organizations, they shall provide owners of copyright in the subject matter of broadcasts with the possibility of preventing the above acts, subject to the provisions of the Berne Convention (1971).4. The provisions of Article 11 in respect of computer programs shall apply mutatis mutandis to producers of phonograms and any other right holders in phonograms as determined in a Member's law. If on 15 April 1994 a Member has in force a system of equitable remuneration of right holders in respect of the rental of phonograms, it may maintain such system provided that the commercial rental of phonograms is not giving rise to the material impairment of the exclusive rights of reproduction of right holders.5. The term of the protection available under this Agreement to performers and producers of phonograms shall last at least until the end of a period of 50 years computed from the end of the calendar year in which the fixation was made or the performance took place. The term of protection granted pursuant to paragraph 3 shall last for at least 20 years from the end of the calendar year in which the broadcast took place.6. Any Member may, in relation to the rights conferred under paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, provide for conditions, limitations, exceptions and reservations to the extent permitted by the Rome Convention. However, the provisions of Article 18 of the Berne Convention (1971) shall also apply, mutatis mutandis, to the rights of performers and producers of phonograms in phonograms.SECTION 2: TRADEMARKSArticle 15Protectable Subject Matter1. Any sign, or any combination of signs, capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one undertaking from those of other undertakings, shall be capable of constituting a trademark. Such signs, in particular words including personal names, letters, numerals, figurative elements and combinations of colours as well as any combination of such signs, shall be eligible for registration as trademarks. Where signs are not inherently capable of distinguishing the relevant goods or services, Members may make registrability depend on distinctiveness acquired through use. Members may require, as a condition of registration, that signs be visually perceptible.2. Paragraph 1 shall not be understood to prevent a Member from denying registration of a trademark on other grounds, provided that they do not derogate from the provisions of the Paris Convention (1967).3. Members may make registrability depend on use. However, actual use of a trademark shall not be a condition for filing an application for registration. An application shall not be refused solely on the ground that intended use has not taken place before the expiry of a period of three years from the date of application.4. The nature of the goods or services to which a trademark is to be applied shall in no case form an obstacle to registration of the trademark.5. Members shall publish each trademark either before it is registered or promptly after it is registered and shall afford a reasonable opportunity for petitions to cancel the registration. In addition, Members may afford an opportunity for the registration of a trademark to be opposed.Article 16Rights Conferred1. The owner of a registered trademark shall have the exclusive right to prevent all third parties not having the owner’s consent from using in the course of trade identical or similar signs for goods or services which are identical or similar to those in respect of which the trademark is registered where such use would result in a likelihood of confusion. In case of the use of an identical sign for identical goods or services, a likelihood of confusion shall be presumed. The rights described above shall not prejudice any existing prior rights, nor shall they affect the possibility of Members making rights available on the basis of use.2. Article 6bis of the Paris Convention (1967) shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to services. In determining whether a trademark is well-known, Members shall take account of the knowledge of the trademark in the relevant sector of the public, including knowledge in the Member concerned which has been obtained as a result of the promotion of the trademark.3. Article 6bis of the Paris Convention (1967) shall apply, mutatis mutandis, to goods or services which are not similar to those in respect of which a trademark is registered, provided that use of that trademark in relation to those goods or services would indicate a connection between those goods or services and the owner of the registered trademark and provided that the interests of the owner of the registered trademark are likely to be damaged by such use.Article 17ExceptionsMembers may provide limited exceptions to the rights conferred by a trademark, such as fair use of descriptive terms, provided that such exceptions take account of the legitimate interests of the owner of the trademark and of third parties.Article 18Term of ProtectionInitial registration, and each renewal of registration, of a trademark shall be for a term of no less than seven years. The registration of a trademark shall be renewable indefinitely.Article 19Requirement of Use1. If use is required to maintain a registration, the registration may be cancelled only after an uninterrupted period of at least three years of non-use, unless valid reasons based on the existence of obstacles to such use are shown by the trademark owner. Circumstances arising independently of the will of the owner of the trademark which constitute an obstacle to the use of the trademark, such as import restrictions on or other government requirements for goods or services protected by the trademark, shall be recognized as valid reasons for non-use.2. When subject to the control of its owner, use of a trademark by another person shall be recognized as use of the trademark for the purpose of maintaining the registration.Article 20Other RequirementsThe use of a trademark in the course of trade shall not be unjustifiably encumbered by special requirements, such as use with another trademark, use in a special form or use in a manner detrimental to its capability to distinguish the goods or services of one undertaking from those of other undertakings. This will not preclude a requirement prescribing the use of the trademark identifying the undertaking producing the goods or services along with, but without linking it to, the trademark distinguishing the specific goods or services in question of that undertaking.Article 21Licensing and AssignmentMembers may determine conditions on the licensing and assignment of trademarks, it being understood that the compulsory licensing of trademarks shall not be permitted and that the owner of a registered trademark shall have the right to assign the trademark with or without the transfer of the business to which the trademark belongs.SECTION 3: GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONSArticle 22Protection of Geographical Indications1. Geographical indications are, for the purposes of this Agreement, indications which identify a good as originating in the territory of a Member, or a region or locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin.2. In respect of geographical indications, Members shall provide the legal means for interested parties to prevent:(a) the use of any means in the designation or presentation of a good that indicates orsuggests that the good in question originates in a geographical area other than the trueplace of origin in a manner which misleads the public as to the geographical origin ofthe good;(b) any use which constitutes an act of unfair competition within the meaning ofArticle 10bis of the Paris Convention (1967).3. A Member shall, ex officio if its legislation so permits or at the request of an interested party, refuse or invalidate the registration of a trademark which contains or consists of a geographical indication with respect to goods not originating in the territory indicated, if use of the indication in the trademark for such goods in that Member is of such a nature as to mislead the public as to the true place of origin.4. The protection under paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 shall be applicable against a geographical indication which, although literally true as to the territory, region or locality in which the goods originate, falsely represents to the public that the goods originate in another territory.Article 23Additional Protection for Geographical Indicationsfor Wines and Spirits1. Each Member shall provide the legal means for interested parties to prevent use of a geographical indication identifying wines for wines not originating in the place indicated by the geographical indication in question or identifying spirits for spirits not originating in the place indicated by the geographical indication in question, even where the true origin of the goods is indicated or the geographical indication is used in translation or accompanied by expressions such as "kind", "type", "style", "imitation" or the like.42. The registration of a trademark for wines which contains or consists of a geographical indication identifying wines or for spirits which contains or consists of a geographical indication identifying spirits shall be refused or invalidated, ex officio if a Member's legislation so permits or at the request of an interested party, with respect to such wines or spirits not having this origin.3. In the case of homonymous geographical indications for wines, protection shall be accorded to each indication, subject to the provisions of paragraph 4 of Article 22. Each Member shall determine the practical conditions under which the homonymous indications in question will be differentiated from each other, taking into account the need to ensure equitable treatment of the producers concerned and that consumers are not misled.4. In order to facilitate the protection of geographical indications for wines, negotiations shall be undertaken in the Council for TRIPS concerning the establishment of a multilateral system of notification and registration of geographical indications for wines eligible for protection in those Members participating in the system.Article 24International Negotiations; Exceptions1. Members agree to enter into negotiations aimed at increasing the protection of individual geographical indications under Article 23. The provisions of paragraphs 4 through 8 below shall not be used by a Member to refuse to conduct negotiations or to conclude bilateral or multilateral agreements. In the context of such negotiations, Members shall be willing to consider the continued applicability of these provisions to individual geographical indications whose use was the subject of such negotiations.2. The Council for TRIPS shall keep under review the application of the provisions of this Section; the first such review shall take place within two years of the entry into force of the WTO Agreement. Any matter affecting the compliance with the obligations under these provisions may be drawn to the attention of the Council, which, at the request of a Member, shall consult with any Member or Members in respect of such matter in respect of which it has not been possible to find a satisfactory solution through bilateral or plurilateral consultations between the Members concerned.4 Notwithstanding the first sentence of Article 42, Members may, with respect to these obligations, instead provide for enforcement by administrative action.The Council shall take such action as may be agreed to facilitate the operation and further the objectives of this Section.3. In implementing this Section, a Member shall not diminish the protection of geographical indications that existed in that Member immediately prior to the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement.4. Nothing in this Section shall require a Member to prevent continued and similar use of a particular geographical indication of another Member identifying wines or spirits in connection with goods or services by any of its nationals or domiciliaries who have used that geographical indication in a continuous manner with regard to the same or related goods or services in the territory of that Member either (a) for at least 10 years preceding 15 April 1994 or (b) in good faith preceding that date.5. Where a trademark has been applied for or registered in good faith, or where rights to a trademark have been acquired through use in good faith either:(a) before the date of application of these provisions in that Member as defined in Part VI;or(b) before the geographical indication is protected in its country of origin;measures adopted to implement this Section shall not prejudice eligibility for or the validity of the registration of a trademark, or the right to use a trademark, on the basis that such a trademark is identical with, or similar to, a geographical indication.6. Nothing in this Section shall require a Member to apply its provisions in respect of a geographical indication of any other Member with respect to goods or services for which the relevant indication is identical with the term customary in common language as the common name for such goods or services in the territory of that Member. Nothing in this Section shall require a Member to apply its provisions in respect of a geographical indication of any other Member with respect to products of the vine for which the relevant indication is identical with the customary name of a grape variety existing in the territory of that Member as of the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement.7. A Member may provide that any request made under this Section in connection with the use or registration of a trademark must be presented within five years after the adverse use of the protected indication has become generally known in that Member or after the date of registration of the trademark in that Member provided that the trademark has been published by that date, if such date is earlier than the date on which the adverse use became generally known in that Member, provided that the geographical indication is not used or registered in bad faith.8. The provisions of this Section shall in no way prejudice the right of any person to use, in the course of trade, that person’s name or the name of that person’s predecessor in business, except where such name is used in such a manner as to mislead the public.9. There shall be no obligation under this Agreement to protect geographical indications which are not or cease to be protected in their country of origin, or which have fallen into disuse in that country.SECTION 4: INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS。
知识产权的海关保护 ppt课件
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过境货物，指由境外启运、通过中国境内 陆路运输继续运往境外的货物。
入境地
出境地
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转运货物，指由境外启运、在中国境内设 立海关的地点换装运输工具，而不通过境内 陆路运输的，继续运往境外的货物。
入境地
出境地
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通运货物，指由境外启运、由船舶、航空 器载运进境并由原装运输工具载运出境的货 物。
征税
监管
统计
缉私
知识产权
贸易管制
口岸管理
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（二）2007年海关执法统计
制止侵权货物进出口4487批 查获侵权货物3亿5千多万件 侵权货物价值5亿3千多万元
其中： 商标： 专利： 货物种类：
著作权：
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假冒外国知名品牌货物
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假冒外国知名品牌货物
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知识产权海关保护
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知识产权海关保护（授课内容）
一、什么是知识产权海关保护 二、知识产权海关保护条例 三、中国海关对知识产权的保护 四、怎样向海关寻求保护
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一、什么是知识产权海关保护
（一）知识产权海关保护的概念 （二）知识产权海关保护的功能 （三）知识产权海关保护的立法
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关于知识产权海关保护的法律规定
法律
中华人民共和国海关法
商标法、专利法、著作权法、刑法、刑事诉讼法
行政法规
中华人民共和国知识产权海关保护条例 奥林匹克标志、世界博览会标志保护条例 中华人民共和国海关行政处罚实施条例
行政规章
海关总署令和公告
《TRIPS协议简介》课件
目录
• TRIPS协议概述 • TRIPS协议的主要内容 • TRIPS协议的影响和挑战 • TRIPS协议的未来发展 • TRIPS协议与中国
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TRIPS协议概述
TRIPS协议的定义
总结词
TRIPS协议是关于知识产权保护的国际协议，旨在确保各国在知识产权保护方面遵循统一的标准和规 定。
对严重侵犯知识产权的行为进行刑事 处罚。
行政执法
允许行政机关对侵权行为进行调查和 处罚。
知识产权的获得和维持
01
02
03
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专利的申请和审查
规定了专利的申请和审查程序 。
商标注册
规定了商标的注册程序。
著作权登记
规定了著作权的登记程序。
知识产权的维持
规定了知识产权的有效期和维 护要求。
知识产权的国际合作
感谢您的观看
THANKS
技术转让
促进技术转让和传播。
信息共享
加强知识产权信息的交流与合作。
培训与能力建设
提高各国知识产权保护的能力和水平。
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TRIPS协议的影响和挑战
对全球经济的影响
促进技术创新和知识传播
TRIPS协议通过保护知识产权，鼓励技术创新和知识传播，促进全 球经济的发展。
推动国际贸易增长
TRIPS协议的实施促进了全球范围内的知识产权保护，进而促进了 国际贸易的增长。
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TRIPS协议的实施促进了技术转移和知识传播，有助于发展中国
家提升技术水平和创新能力。
面临的挑战和争议
知识产权保护与公共利益之间的平衡问题
TRIPS协议在保护知识产权的同时，也需要考虑公共利益，如何平衡两者之间的关系是一 个挑战。
知识产权法(第二版)-第二十九章-PPT精选文档
• 在惩罚的方式方面，协议要求，可以处 以监禁，或处以罚金，或二者并处。此 外，在适当的场合下，还可以采取扣留、 没收或销毁侵权商品以及任何主要用于 从事上述犯罪活动的原料及工具等。
第五节 争端的防成员所实施的、与本协议内容（即知 识产权之效力、范围、获得、执法及防止 滥用）有关的法律、条例，以及普遍适用 的终审司法判决和终局行政裁决，均应以 该国文字颁布；如果在实践中无颁布的可 能，则应以该国文字使公众能够获得，以 使各成员政府及权利所有人知悉。
• • • • 1．外观设计的概念及特征 2．保护的内容 3．保护的限制 4．保护的期限
五、专利的保护
• • • • 1．可获专利的发明 2．不授予专利的发明 3．专利申请的形式条件 4．专利权的内容
• • • •
5．专利权的限制 6．未经权利人许可的其他使用 7．专利的撤销与无效 8．保护的期限
第二节 知识产权协议的 目标和基本原则
• 一、TRIPS协议的目标 • （一）促进对知识产权有效和充分的保 护，以减少国际贸易中的扭曲及障碍 • （二）就相关问题制定新的规则和规范
• （三）保证各国知识产权保护的基本公 共政策目的的实现 • （四）给予最不发达国家成员方以最大 限度的灵活性 • （五）实现与世界知识产权组织的相互 支持
第三节 知识产权协议 保护的领域
• • • • 一、版权及其相关权利的保护 （一）版权的保护 1．《伯尔尼公约》的适用 2．作品的判断标准
• • • •
3．计算机程序和数据汇编 4．出租权 5．保护期 6．限制和例外
• • • • •
（二）相关权利的保护 1．表演者享有的权利 2．录音制品制作者享有的权利 3．广播组织享有的权利 4．保护期限
六、集成电路布图设计的保护
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案例2. BYD与SONY的专利纠纷
案件发展：
2003年7月8日(攻)
日本索尼公司在事先没有进行任何谈判的情况 下，一纸诉状将比亚迪告到了东京地方法院， 指控比亚迪在2001年、2002年日本 CEATEC展览会上展出的两款锂离子电池侵犯 其特许第2646657号（以下简称“657专利 ”）、特许第2701347号两项日本专利权， 请求禁止比亚迪向日本进口、销售最主要的6种 型号的锂离子充电电池。
对，制定合理的政策导向，
采取更加开放的措施来应
对这一挑战。
THANK YOU!
比亚迪向东京地方法院递交答辩书及相关证据 38份，请求确认不侵犯索尼的专利权。在整 个诉讼过程中，比亚迪提交的辩论文件和证据 材料将近200份，共计5 000多页。
通过认真研究日本的专利法律，并获取大量的 证据对两项专利进行仔细分析
认定“657”专利并非有效专 利
比亚迪确定了明确的诉讼战略
（1）积极应诉，证明自己并没有侵犯索尼专利 （2）从根本上提出索尼的专利无效，釜底抽薪 ，使其不攻自破。
案例2. BYD与SONY的专利纠纷
比亚迪高层（含知识产权部）召开紧急 会议，进行应诉战略部署。之后，比亚 迪在日本聘请了著名律师团队，由公司 知识产权部组织负责组织应对诉讼，由 相关技术、市场部门给予充分配合。 研究起诉状及涉案专利文本，并和自己 的产品进行比较。
确信并未侵犯索尼的专利权
2003年10月8日（守）
2004年3月19日（反守为攻）
比亚迪向日本特许厅提起专利无效宣告请求， 请求宣告索尼的657专利无效。
主张657无效的理由
（1）不具备新颖性，违反日本专利法第29条 第1项第3号规定
（2）不具备创造性，是同行业技术人员易于发 明的，违反日本专利法第29条第2项规定，
（3）请求范围和发明的详细说明记载不充分， 不满足日本专利法第36条第3项和第4项规定 的要件
知识产权协定（实践篇）
案例1 美国zippo VS 浙江恒星
案例2. 比亚迪与 SONY的专利 纠纷
【案情简介】
（一）2006年
5月16日
美国芝宝制造有限公司(ZIPPO，简称“芝宝公司”)和芝宝商 标公司(Zippmark)以“打火机外观设计图形商标”为依据，向 美国国际贸易委员会（USITC）提出申请，要求启动“337调 查”程序，并且要求ITC发布普遍排除令和禁止令。
2005年1月25日（逆转）
日本特许厅作出裁决，宣告657专利无效。
2005年3月2日（SONY的垂死挣扎）
索尼不服日本特许厅对其657专利作出的无效裁 决，向东京知识产权高等法院（日本知识产权高 等裁判所）提出上诉，请求撤销日本特许厅的裁 决，维持其657专利有效。
2005年11月7日
针对657专利无效上诉案，东京知识产权高等法 院作出判决：“驳回原告（索尼公司）的请求。 诉讼费用由原告承担。”
6月15日
ITC正式发布了ZIPPO打火机“337调查”立案的通知，进入 法定调查程序。
6月17日
温州市烟具协会召开理事紧急扩大会议，因应诉费用过高协 调无果。迫于应诉答辩时间有限，恒星烟具公司单方应诉。
9月15日
其他应诉方尚未提交不应诉理由 ，ITC行政法官签发了第8号行政 命令,根据ITC规则第16条裁定其 他应诉方缺席。
2005年12月2日
索尼向东京地方法院递交撤诉请求书，撤销所有 对比亚迪的指控。至此，由索尼在2003年7月8 日在日本本土提起的诉讼，以我国公司比亚迪获 得全胜告终。
比亚迪反诉日本索尼 专利无效案是我国企业首 次在境外赢得针对跨国公 司提出的专利无效案件， 而该案也因此被评为 “2005年中国知识产权 十大案件”
（二）2007年
7月18日
ITC正式裁决,通过了美国ZIPPO公司提起的“337调查” 申请,签发了对进口美国侵权打火机的普遍排除令。作为该 案中惟一一家应诉的中国企业,恒星烟具出口美国的打火机 产品不受ITC排除令的影响。
案例2. BYD与SONY的专利纠纷
当事人：
原告：日本索尼公司 被告：深圳比亚迪股份有限公司
按照日本专利法，如果在专利侵权诉 讼期间，一方针对争议专利提出无效申请 ，法院应当暂时中止审理案件而等待日本 特许厅的裁决结果。而一旦该争议专利被 裁决无效，侵权之诉自然无法得到支持。
对于这次比亚迪针对657专利提出的 专利无效申请，索尼可以说是稳如泰山， 就连外界媒体也称比亚迪的无效申请是“ 不计风险的挣扎”。
消
1.加大了的制度建设和管理成本
极 影
2.提高了技术产品的价格水平
响
3.增加发展中国家社会就业和企业转型的压力
1.促进发展中国家的技术创新
积
极
2.促进发展中国家的技术扩散
影
响
3.促进技术密集部门的外国投国家带来负 面影响的同时，也会带来 收益。我们应该冷静地面
经验总结
一.自主创新，未雨绸缪
拥有自己的核心专利技术是应 对跨国公司专利壁垒的根本
二.釜底抽薪，反守为攻
选择正确的诉讼策略是化解知 识产权诉讼的法宝
三.谁是谁非，证据为真
收集确凿有力的证据是赢得知 识产权诉讼的关键
知识产权协定（总结篇）
TRIPS对发展中国家 的积极影响
TRIPS对发展中国 家的消极影响