初中英语语法知识点精讲-习题-练习(精华版)
初中英语语法(精品讲练结合附答案)
初中英语语法专题(专题一：词汇部分（名词、数词、冠词）A：名词专项定义：名词(nouns）是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。
名词可以独立成句。
在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。
名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。
普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。
名词在句中作主语，宾语，介词宾语，宾语补足语，表语以及名词短语作状语。
1．主语：The bag is in the desk. 书包在桌子里边。
2．宾语：I washed my clothes yesterday. 昨天我洗了我的衣服。
3．表语：This is a good book. 这是一本好书。
4．宾语补主语We selected him our monitor. 我们选他为我们的班长。
5．介词宾语Mary lives with her parents. 玛丽和她的父母亲住在一起。
6．定语：I bought some dog food.我买了一些狗食。
1、可修饰名词的常用词：修饰可数名词与不可数名词：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of饰可数名词的有：many, (a)few, a large (great) number of只修饰不可数名词的有：much, (a)little, a great deal of2、难点1）名词所有格的归纳1、a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。
2、Children's Day3、a friend of my father's4、a twenty minutes' walk，ten miles' journey，a boat's length，two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。
初中英语语法知识点总结及练习精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版一、初中英语语法归纳本文归纳了词法、八种基本时态以及三大基本从句，是历年中考英语必考语法点。
（一）词法1. 名词（1）名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。
要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。
如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。
（2）名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。
B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es（3）名词的所有格A. 单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。
如：the worker's bike，the Children’ s ballB. 表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’ s。
如：This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。
如：the students’ books，the girls’ blouses(另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。
如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。
) 2. 代词人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词（1）人称代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数 he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数 they them their theirs themselves（2）物主代词物主代词的用法：形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词；名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。
初中英语语法知识点总结及练习
初中英语语法知识点总结及练习n: This article summarizes the parts of speech。
eight basic tenses。
and three basic clauses that are essential for the English grammar n of the middle school entrance exam.1.Parts of SpeechNouns:1) Countable and Uncountable NounsCountable nouns refer to people or things that can be measured in numbers and have both singular and plural forms。
Uncountable nouns refer to things that cannot be measured in numbers。
Mass nouns and abstract nouns generally cannot be counted。
and are considered uncountable nouns.Uncountable nouns generally cannot be preceded by the articles "a" or "an" to indicate quantity。
and do not have plural forms。
To express the concept of "one of。
"。
phrases like "a piece of" must be added。
It is important to note that many nouns that are countable in Chinese are uncountable in English。
初中英语重点语法知识点详解及练习题(附答案)
一、单复数（偶尔会考，但是错的概率还蛮高的，因为看起来简单，其实更容易忘记。
）1、名词单复数I like bananas (banana) very much. That is an apple (apple).2、be动词单复数（这里要注意过去时，不要忘记看后面的时态）There is (be) a pair of shoes under the bed. Here is (be) some water for you.I am (be) very glad to see you. Tom and I are (be) in the same class. Where were (be) you just now? I was (be) in the playground.3、代词单复数These(this) are rulers. Liu Tao is doing his(their) homework.二、名词所有格（这种题型的更容易错，我的学生就经常错在这个题型上，不是不会做，而是要忘记。
）This is Helen’s (Helen) scarf. Happy Children’s(children) Day.三、人称代词和物主代词1．人称代词—主格(在句中作主语，陈述句中一般在开头，一般疑问句中一般是第二个单词……)We(our) milked cows on the farm yesterday. Does she(her) have a new bike? Which pen do you(your) like? On Christmas Day I(my) got many presents.2．人称代词—宾格(在句中作宾语，一般用在动词或介词后)Let me(mine) have a look. David is behind her(she).3．物主代词—形容词性(用在名词前)What is your(you) job? Miss Li is their(them) English teacher.4．物主代词—名词性（相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”）The teapot is his(he). Yours(your) is over there.四、基数词和序数词1．基数词表示数量There are five(fifth) birds in the tree.2．序数词表示顺序March is the third(three) month in a year.常见序数词first second third （不要拼错了，学作文时也可以用）五、动词—时态（时态也是一个非常重要的一点，一定要在考试时注意。
(完整word版)初中英语语法讲解以及练习题
1Chinese1There are fifty six in China.普通：一类人/事物 固有名称A. peopleB. peoplesC. people ' sD. of个体：stude nt table people物质：water air rain 2.There is not enough in the corner to put the table.抽象（动状态，品future help health A. place B. room C. floor 集合：class people familyD. ground表示的事物的性3.The new pair of which I bought yesterday is i made 可数:a pen two boxes （可直接用数字计) of不可数ink workA. glasses; glassB. glass; glassC. glasses; glassesD. 用量数+of 表示数量 a piece of paper; a bottle of water; three glass; glassescups of tea4.The Whites to China for holiday this summer.Here is a bottle of wine.A. is going to flyB. flyC. are going to flyD. flies a little minutesthe Great WallFrance,two dogs, and,some 名词 专有：人/事物/地点/机构 Tianjin There are four glasses of milk. I need a box of apples. There are two baskets of eggs on the table. 可数名词：单数 复数：规则与不规则 规则： 直接+ s 以s x sh ch 结尾 + es maps bags brushes watches boxes buses 5. He told us he had some a cow on his farm. A. sheeps; chickens B. sheep; chickens C. sheep; chicken D. sheeps; chicken6. There have been a lot of _______ in our city since 1990.A, woman doctors B. woman doctor C. women doctor D. women doctors 7.(boys)辅音字母+ y 结尾，把 y 变 i + escities families以f, (roofs, handkerchiefs) 以o fe 结尾,把f, fe 变 v + es knives leaves8. 结尾 + es potatoes tomatoes (pianos, photos, radios ） 不规则：children human beings ） 单复数一样： 形式单数意义复数 feet teeth mice men women Frenchmen (Germans, These visitors are from ____________ . But they are probably not _______, because they speak ___ .A. German; German; FrenchB. Germany; Germen; FranceC. Germany; Germans; FrenchD. German; Germans; France They got much ______ from those new books.A. ideasB. photo D. messageIf there is a big football match, several C. information Chinese Japanese fish deer sheep :cattle police people The people here are very friendly.以复数形式出现 :clothes, glasses, shoes, stockings, trousers His clothes are over there. 名词所有格：有生命的东西的名词 + ‘s 表示谁的 Toni sfriends; the students books; the teacher 'office; the students ' reading room 表几个人共有一样东西 :Bei and Rong ' s room is very clean. 表各自所有:Liu ' s and Peng ' s mothers are both teachers. 省略:避免重复 This is not my brother but my husband ' s. 表示店铺, 某人家时 the doctor ' s (office); the Green the tailor ' s (shop) 指时间，距离的名词也可用名词所有格Beijing ' s population; five minutes ' walk; today 表无生命的东西的名词所有关系，用of 形式 The leg of the table; the cover of the book 双重所有格：of 短语+名词所有格a friend of my sister 'a picture of Mrs. Wang s picture of Mrs. Wang) 名词在句子中的作用The teacher taught us an English song yesterday.My daughter likes Chinese.Linda was elected monitor. We named her Beibei. We would like to visit a car factory. John David, a famous America singer, died in an aircraft crash. 词练习题 例题： 9. traffic. A. hundreds polices B. hundreds police hundred police 10. The old teacher is a friend ofA. my eldest broth er 'C. my eldest brothers11. This book will beA. of great use importance 12.will watch theC. hundred policesD. B. my eldest brother D. my eldest brothers in your studies.B. of helpfulC. with careD. great 's glass 13. The teachers who are coming to us are ______ mothers.A. Rose and Dick ' sB. Rose ' s and DickC. 'Rose and DicksD. Rose and Dick----- Is this _______ newspaper? 's (house)— --- Y es, it ' s my . A. today ' s; fatBetoday ' today; father 's newspapte r The new shop sells ________ A. women B. women ' s s; father C.today; father D. clothes and shoes. s C. womens (a Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of __________ , you may disturb others.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD. singing ----- Would you like some drinks, boys? ----- Yes, _______ , please.A. some orangesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD. twobottles of orange This is _______ room. The twin sisters like it very much. A. Lucy ' s and Lily ' s B. Lucy ' s and Lily C. Lucy and Lily ' s After playing football for more than a half hour, the students took rest. A. a few minute 'Bsa few minutes 'C. a little minute D'. s D. womari 15. It is about ______ walk from here to the station. A. half an hours B. a half hours C.'half a hour D. s half s What ______ we are having today! A. the fine weather B. a fine weather C. fine a weather D. weatherhour 16. an fine )1. _____ are going to England for a holiday. A. The Wang B. Wang ' C . The Wang ' s D. The Wangs )2. There are many ________________ in the school. A. women teachers B. woman teachers C.women teacherD. woman teacher ( )3. _____ turn yellow in autumn. A. Leaf B. Leaves C. LeaveD. Leafs ( )4. Will you please show me the way to the _____ shop? A. shoe B. shoes ' C. shoes D. shoe ' s ( )5. Help yourselves to some _____ , dear children! A. fishs B. fishes C. fish D. the fish ( )6. _____ hard work it is! A. What a B. How C. What D. How a ( )7. Do you believe that there are two _____ in my class? A. Maries B. Marys C. Mary ' s D. Marys ' ( )8. His family _____ a happy one.A. beB. areC. isD. was ( )10. My grandparents like _____ very much, so they grow some in their _____ garden every year.2 A. vegetable, vegetable B. vegetable, vegetablesC. vegetables, vegetablesD. vegetables, vegetabl冠词不可独立使用，放在名词前不定冠词 a an定冠词：the不定冠词用法:a + 一般名词an +发音以元音音素开头的名词a house; a university; a book; an hour; an umbrella; an apple1. 第一次提到某人，某物There is a ball under the chair.Mrs. Li is a math teacher.2•代表某类人/物A horse is a useful animal.Even a child can answer this question.3. 表示每一的Take this medicine three times a day.4. 固定词组（平时积累）have a rest; a long time; a few; a lot of; a bit; go out for a walk定冠词the 这个;那个;这些;那些1. 特指某个人/某物；谈话双方都知道的事物；重复提到过的人/事物They are playing basketball. The ball is hers.Would you please take the book to Mr. Liu? There isa table by the window. On the table there are somebooks.2. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前；方位名词前Liu Beibei wants to visit the Summer Palace.The sun sets in the west.3. 用在单数可数名词前，表示某类人或事物The computer is a very useful machine.The elephant is bigger than the horse.4. 用在序数词，形容词或副词最高级或only修饰的名词前This is the first time he visits Europe.He is the best teacher they have ever met.She is the only teacher who has been to bothAmerica and Britain.5. 用在乐器前My daughter likes to play the piano.（表球类，棋类名词前不用）6. the + adj表示某类人或事物the poor; the young; the wounded7. the +姓氏复数形式，表示…一家人或夫妇The Greens are watching TV now.The Wangs are kind to us.8. 专有名词前The Yellow River; the Red Sea; The people ' sRepublic of China; The Great Wall.9. 习惯用语in the morning; in the afternoon; on the right（at night; at noon; at midnight）零冠词现象1. 表某一类人或事物复数名词前（泛指）Girls like flowers.2. 国名,人名前Mary likes to live in China.3. 名词前已有this, that, these, those, my, some, any,his等代词作定语修饰时I have no classes every Sunday.I have been teaching English in this school foreighteen years.4. 在抽象名词或物质名词前She and her husband both like music.（Tom likes the music of the film.）Paper is made of wood. 5. 星期月份，季节，节假日前I was born in November.It is very hot in summer here.6. 表头衔，职务前This is Mr. Liu, manager of this company.7. 三歺球类前Have breakfast. Play foot ball8. 固定词组Go to school; work day and night; go to bed; by train 用适当的冠词填空，不需要冠词的空白处填“X'：1. The car is running about sixty miles _________ hour.2. My friend is interested in __________ science.3. Don' tworry; we still have _________ little time left.Hurry up; we have _____ little time left.4. John is _____ cleverest boy in his class.5. March 8 is _________ Women ' s Day.6. _______ Greens will come to see you tomorrow.7. Here is _____ black blouse; _______ blouse is hers.8. They always have ____________ bread for_________ dinner.9.I prefer playingbasketball.piano to playing1harder we study, more we'll learn.11We can' t see sun at night.A. a; /B. a; theC. the; /D. the; the12Students often play volleyball in afternoon.A. /; anB. /; theC. the; anD. a; theIs Canada _______ English speaking country.A. /B. aC. anD. the4. This is _____ orange. It is _______ small orange.A. an; anB. an; aC. /; theD. the; a5. ___ UN report says that there will be standingroom only on ____ earth then.A. A; theB. A; /C. An; /D. An; the.There is _______ x in ______________ word sixA. a; theB. a; anC. an; theD. a; a8. Look! ______ fine weather it is today!A. What aB. whatC. how aD. how9. ___ Yellow River is ___ second longest river in China.A. The; theB. /; aC. The; aD. The; /10. John Smith is __ of the two young men.A. strongB. a strongerC. the strongerD. the strongest1. --What color is _______ orange? ——It ' s______ ora nge.A. an; anB. an; theC. an; /D. /; an2. Look! ____ good time the children are having!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a3. London is ___ capital of ______England.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD. the; /4. There ' re __ few mistakes （错误）in your homework. Don ' t make __ same mistakes again.continentB. The; theC.A./; the/;/ D. /; aWhat fine weather we have these days!A.a B. the C./ D. anGreens are on visit to a beautiful city in China.A./; a B. A; the C.The; a D. the; /India and China are of ___________ sameA. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; the5. ___ Most of the students in our class go to ______ school by bike every day.A. /; /B. the; aC. /; aD. the; the6. Don' tgive up. You can try for __________ second time.A. theB. anC. aD. /7. She took me by __ hand and led me into ______ room.A. my; aB. the; theC. a; theD. my; the8. What ___ interesting game it is! It must be __great fun.A. an; aB. a; theC. the; /D. an; /9. The house in _____ front of the river is on _______ fire.A. /; /B. the; theC. the; /D. /; a10. He often says ______ r ich should help _________ poor.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; /11. —What can you see by the lake?—I can see ____ old man sitting on the chair. (2000杭州)A. aB. anC. theD. /12. —Have you had ______ lunch yet? ---No, notyet. (2000 广州)A. /B. aC. theD. an13. One morning he found a bag. There was _ “ s” onthe corner of _ bag. (2000 甘肃)A. a; aB. a; theC. an; aD. an; the14. There ' s ______ egg on the plate. ____ egg is for you. (2000 内蒙古)A. a; AB. an; AnC. an; TheD. the;An15. Did you enter for (报名/进入，参加) ______ high jump or ____ 400-metre race? (2000 上海)A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the16. __ old man in black has waited for you for halfhour. (2001 汕头)A. The; anB. The; aC. An; aD. An;不填17. ____ elephant is _____ u seful animal. (2002 汕头)A. An; anB. An; aC. The; anD. A; an 18. —I saw _ story- book on the teacher ' s desk?— __ b ook is Li Ming ' s. (20汕头)A. a; AB. the; TheC. the; AD. a;TheA. in the front ofB. in frontC. in front ofD. at front the ( )9. September 10th is _____ in China.A. Teachers ' Dayeacher ' s CayTeacher Day D. the Teachers ' Day( )10. People often go skating in _____ winter.A. /B. aC. anD. the代词人称/物主/指示/反身/疑问/相互/不定人称代词：数/格/人称主格/宾格/单数/复数/人称I teach them English.Do you want to go there with us?Who is that? It is me.Who are you? I am your new neighbour.I choose you four. The rest stay here.She is from China.Where is Liu Jing? He has gone to France.She bought a new watch last week, but she lost it yesterday.It is going to snow.（时间/天气/自然/距离）It is sunny today. It is half past four. It is not far from my home to the school.Who is it? It is me.（指代不太清楚的人）Is it your new teacher?物主代词表达所有关系形容词性my your his her its our their相当于形容词，作定语，后接名词名词性mine yours his hers its ours theirs 相当于形容词性物主代词+名词My students, his familyTheir classroom is big. Ours is bigger. （our classroom）These books are not his. They are mine.There is something wrong with my car. Can I use yours? 指示代词This that （时间/空间距我们较近的人或事物）these those （时间/空间距我们较远的人或事物）This/that is a horse.I like these but he likes those.What I need is this.Have you read those books?That/those可代替前面提到过的名词以避免重复The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Wuhan.The cars made in Japan are as good as those made in Germany.This/that可用来表示程度Is she that tall?The book is about this thick.That可用来代替句子或句子中的一部分He caught a cold. That ' s why he could not come. 不定代词不具体指明代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词some/any/no/nonesome/anysome 用于肯定句中He has some English books,but he has not any French books.Any用于否定句或疑问句中Do you have any paper and pens?Would you like some coffee?Some +单数可数名词表示某个Some lady asked to see you yesterday.19. There is _____ man over there, ____ man is fromRenhua, and he is studying in ________ BeijingUniversity.A. the, the ,theB. a, a, aC. a , the, theD. a, the, /( )1. Sunday is _____ day of the week.A. oneB. the firstC. firstD. the one( )2. Which is ______ , the sun, the earth or the moon?A. biggerB. biggestC. the biggestD. big ()3. There is a desk in his bedroom. On ________ desk there is ____ pencil-box.A. a, theB. the, theC. the, aD. a, a( )4. What _____ g ood idea it is!A. aB. anC. theD. /( )5. Yesterday I went to _______ s chool on ______ foot.A. the, theB. /, /C. a, /D. the, /( )7. Though he is rich, he has _____ friends.A. a littleB. a fewC. a lot ofD. few( )8. There is a tall tree _____ our classroom.There must be some reason for this.No/noneNo = not any可数/不可数名词None主语:宾语There is no money in the box.No car is 100% safe.None of them is/are good at English.She needs some money, but there is none at hand.All my friends like music. All my friends do not like music. Not all myNone of my friends like music.Many/muchMany +可数名词复数Much + 不可数名词She has many friends.There is not much water in the bottle.Few/a few 修饰或代替可数名词Little/a little —词主宾疋数量相对而言He has a few friends, but he has few good friends.There is a little water here, you may drink it.There is little time left, please be quick.We have quiet a few books to read. （许多）We have only a few minutes left.Very few people know about it.There is only a little （very little） water in the bottle. Both/either/neither两者都/两者中的一个/两者都不These tow books are very interesting. I like both.Both of them are right.Neither of them is good at English.Here are two tickets. You may take either of them.Both her brothers are teachers.Neither of her brothers is a teacher.Both her brothers are not teachers.Any/none/all用于三者或三者以上They are all tired, but none of them will stop to have a rest.I am free for the whole week. You can come on any day. All/both三者/两者或以上All the teachersAll of the teachersBoth the teachersBoth of the teachersBe动词后，实义动词前They all went there by plane.They are both teachers.The friends have both been invited.Each/every强调个别/强调全体There are many flowers on each side of the streets. Every student has to take the exam.Each of children was given a cake.The boys have five books each.They each have five books.Each of them （the boys） has five books.One代替可数名词，避免重复Ones/one ' s/oneselfI don ' t have a pen. Can you lend me one?There are two old books and a new one on the desk. One must do one ' s duty.One should not praise oneself.Another/the other/the others另一个，又一个（众多中）/两者中一个/其余所有的几个This sweater is too small. Could you show me another one?The boy has three toy guns. One is green. Another is yellow. The third is black.There are 2 foreign students in the class. One is fromFrance. The other is from Britain.There are many people in the park. Some are singing. Others are dancing.There are 20 students in our class. Ten are boys. The others are girls.合成代词Somebody someone anybody看作单数，做主宾定There is nothing in the box.Nobody wants to read it.A. one theseD. that7. The players fromfrom Asia.A. those thatD. they8. He found ______problem by _______ .A. that; ourselvesB. thoseC.Europe are taller thanB. theseC.impossible to work out theB. it; myselfC.疑问代词who whom whose what which Who 主who will come here?Who m 宾who/whom did you see yesterday?Who se 疋whose book is it?What 什么what are you looking at?Whic h 哪一个which teacher is your favoriteteacher?反身代词谁自己〜selfMyself himself yourself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselvesThe children enjoyed themselves at the party.The cake was made by the mother herself.相互代词：表互相Each otherOne anotherYou should help each other in your lessons.They are interested in one another ' s work. The students ' barbers cut each other ' s hair. 代词练习题例题It used to be ____________ apartment, but nowit ' _s ____ .A. hers; mineB. her; mineC. her; myD. hers; myThe population of China is much larger than of Russia.A. thisB. thoseC. itD. that----- Is _______ here?----- No, Tom and Jack have asked for leave.A. anybodyB. everybodyC. somebodyD.nobody----- Which do you prefer, coffee or cola?----- ----------- , thanks. I ' d like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. bothC. NeitherD. None it; himself D. that; himself9. _____ took us two hours to repair the refrigerator.A. ThisB. It ' sC. ThatD. It10. ----- Who is singing in the next room?----- ----------- must be Mary.A. SheB. ThisC.It D. He11. ----- Hello, may I speak to Peter?----- Hello, ______ Peter speaking.A. I ' mB. this isC. that ' sD. its12. ----- When shall we go fishing next week,Saturday or Sunday?----- ----------- day is OK. You decide.A. NeitherB. either.C. bothD. all13. There are forty pupils in Class 3.__________ of them are Young Pioneers.A. AllB. EitherC. BothD. Each14. You can take _______ of the two bags, butleave one to your sister.A. eachB. bothC. neitherD. either15.16.17.don'----- Which do you prefer, coffee or milk?----- ----------- , thanks. I ' d like some cool water. A.Either --------- B. NeitherD. None----- Is he interested in all the games?----- No. he likes _______ .A. allB. anyD. neither______ of us has been told aboutt know it at all.A. bothB.nobodyC. BothC.noneit, so weC. Each1. ______ bedroom is larger than _______ .A. Our; yourB. Yours; theirsC.Theirs; ours D. Their; oursThe colour2. ---------- Li Gang and Wang Lin have been away.They can ' t help us with the work.----- Let ' s do it ______ .A. ourselves yourselves D. myself 3. Look at the cat.B. themselvesC.Washing18. of theirs.A. thatthese19. Grannyyellow _____A. oneD. None ofLingling s'skirt is different fromB. thisC.LiD. thosekeeps one white cat and threeB. onceC.one20.D. onespaws.A. Its; itsB. It; itsC. It ' s; itsD. It ' s; it ' s4. All the students have gone to the Science Museum except _______ .A. her and hisB. him and meC. she and himD. he and I5. ______ will be sent to Germany for the training.A. I, you and heB. He, I and youC. You, shes----- Would you like a banana?----- No, thank you. I ' ve already had .A. oneB. itC. that21. playground?---- Yes, I can see _______ .A. any; a fewB. any; fewand I D. I, you and they6. The population of China is larger than of India.D. this---- Can you see students on theC. some; littleD. any; any22. If Lintao can' t win the race, does want a go?A. else everybodyB. somebody elseC.else anybody D. anybody else23. Here are two letters, Bob,__________ is for youand ______ is for your father.A. one; anotherB. one; the secondC. one; the otherD. one; others 24. After supper some people like to stay at home watching TV. liketo go out for a walk. A. another B. other C.Qomolangma, but only _______have succeeded.A. many aB. few D. muchC. 29 ----- May I use your pencil sharpener?----- Ye s. I have two, and you can us e of them.A. everyB. all C an yD. either30of the five girls knows how to ge tthere.A. allB. neither C bothD. none 31. I have four cousins. One is a lawyer, _______ isan artist, ______ are workers. A. the other; the others B. another; othersC. another; the othersD. the other; others32. This pair of glasses is too dark. Could you showme _______ / A. the others B. another one C. the other D. another pair33. Miss Gao gave the exam papers to all the pupils except who hadnot passed the exam.A. the onesB. onesD. the otherC. them to 34.— —I ' m very thirsty. Could I havedrink?― —What would you ― — will do.A. anything; somethingB.somethin g; anythingC. something; somethingD. anything; anything35. -------- What are you doing here, Mary and Kate? ------------- We are looking at _______ pictures. A. each ' s otheB. each other 'C.s each otherD. each ' s other ' sothers D. the others25“ H s the tallest in the class mean s than in the calss ”.A. every boyB. any studentsC. eachboy D. any other student26Let ' ask Jim about the Internet. He knows about it.A. a fewB. fewC.a little D. little27I can ' tgive you any ink because I have left.A. littleB. fewC.a little D. a few28 A lot of climbers have tried to climb theHe ' s taller数词数词表示数目的多少和顺序的词分为基数词和序数词基数词：表示数目或数量的词从十三至十九：以teen结尾逢十都以ty结尾二十一至九十九：十位与个位之间加连字符hundred thousand million billion读法：每三位隔开十位与百位之间加and26,256,352序数词：表示顺序或第几用法第一，第二，第三，其他加基数词后加th注意第五,第八，第九，第十二fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 二十，三十等：y变i +eth多位数时只变个位缩略形式：阿拉伯数字加最后两位字母读法：Lesson 2, the second lesson Page 53, the fifty-third page Room 605 Bus 5Telephone number: 2225553分数读法：分子用基数分母用序数1/2 a half 1/3 onethird 2./4 two quarters（）/5 two fifths 五又四分之五five and four fifths小数：0.12 0.32百分比：percent sixty percent加减乘除:Five and ten is fifteen. Five plus ten equals fifteen. Five and ten make fifteen.Seven minus one equals six. Seven minus one is six.Five times six equals thirty.Ten divided by five equals two.日期表示法：1990年3月14日March 14 1990（）9 世纪the nineteenth centuryIn the 1990s时刻表达法：练习：This table is about ____________________ （四英尺长，三英尺高，五英No body believes that ________________ （一个八岁的小男孩）can do so well.We can see ______________ （数以千记的）stars at night.Our office is _____ （和平路3 3 号）（第八课） ____ is the simplest lesson of the book.My daughter was born ___________ （1995 年4 月5 日）He gets up ___________ （6:25） and goes to school _________ （7:00）You can take _________ （685 公共汽车）to go to the department store.This story happened in Guangzhou _________ （1996 年9月）How much is _______ （30-5）例题There are abouttwo school.A. thousand thousand ofIn our class ____ of the students are girls.A. three fifthsB. three fifthC. third fiveD. third fifthsBoth of the two rules are broken. I want to buy a ___ one.A. threeD. 不填数词练习1 There are ___ days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-fivB. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-fiveD. three hundred and sixty five2 There are ___ students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-sixB. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-sixD. eight hundred forty-six3 _____ p eople visit this museum every day.A. HundredB. HundredsC. Hundred ofD. Hundreds of4 There are two __ people in the meeting room.A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundreds ofD. hundred of5 Every year __ watch NBA on TV.A. million peopleB. millions of peopleC. millions peopleD. million of people6 ___ t rees have been planted in our school inthe past 10 years.A. Thousands ofB. Two thousandsC. Thousand ofD. Two thousand of7 Look! There are ___ in the sky.A. thousand starsB. thousand of starsC. thousands of starsD. thousands of star8 My brother is in ___ .A. Three Class, One GradeB. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class ThreeD. class three, grade one9 We are going to learn _ this term.A. book sixB. six bookC. the book sixD. Book Six10 Please turn to __ . Let's read the text aloud.A. Page TwoB. the page twoC. second pageD. page second11 We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this ___ .A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-fiveB. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty fiveC. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-fiveD. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five12 "The year 1999" should be read "The year ___ ".A. nineteen and ninety-nineB. nineteen ninety-nineC. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nineD. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine13 He will come here ____ tomorrow morning.A. at fifthB. at tenC. on twoD. till tenth14 Every day he begins to do his homework __ .A. at ten past sevenB. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventhD. until ten15 He was doing some washing ___ .A. at eight yesterday morningB. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eightD. by eight yesterday morning16 He began to work there _ .A. on his fiftyB. at age of fiftyC. when he fiftyD. in his fifties17 They moved to Beij ing ____ students in the newly built B. thousands C.D. thousands ofB. thirdC. forthA. in 1980sB. in the 1980 'C.in the 1980s D. on the 1980's18 We all like the boy.A. of ten years oldB. ten-year-oldC.at ten old D. of age of ten4 She was __ her early twenties when she went abroad.A. atB. onC. of D: in19 There are ___ m onths in a year. December isthe ____month of the year.A. twelve; twelveB. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelveD. twelve; twelveth20 During ___ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twentyB. the twentiethC. twentiethD. the twenty21 Sunday is the __ day of the week.A. seventhB. firstC.second D. third22 Autumn is season in a year.A. the fourthB. the thirdC. a thirdD. the threeth23 Tom was to get to school and I was ______ .A. first; ninthB. a first; a ninthC. the first; the ninthD. the second; the nineth24 -What's the date today?-Its __ .A. FridayB. time to goC. cloudyD. June 4th25 Jenny was bornA. on July 10, 1987B. in July 10, 1987C. in 1987,July 10 D. on 1987, July 1026 Monday is the second day, and ______ .A. Tuesday is the fourthB. Thursday is the fifthC. the second is TuesdayD. the second is Thursday27 About ___ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.A. four-fifthB. four-fifthsC. fourth-fifthsD. fourths-fifth28 __of the students are girls in our class.A. Two threeB. Two threesC. Twothirds D. Second three29 __of the world's books and newspapers are written in English.A. Three quartersB. Three quarterC. Thirds fourD. Threes fourth30 Tom is in therow.A. a secondB. the second Ctwo D.second31 The girl wanted tosingsong in English.A. the othersB. a second Coth er D. the second32 Now let me have .A. the third tryB. a third try C third try D. this third try参考答案：C CD A B A C B D A C B B A A D C A D B B B B C D A B B C A B B B。
初中英语语法精讲及配套习题
七年级上册英语语法知识及习题英语的十大词类.英语句子成分：组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。
句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等。
一、主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。
1. Bob has a soccer ball . 鲍勃有一个足球。
（名词）2.He likes dancing.他喜欢跳舞。
（代词）二、谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征，谓语一般是动词。
1.We study English. 我们学习英语2. He is asleep. 他睡着了。
三、表语（predicative）:表示主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，表语前面的动词称为系动词。
“系动词+表语”一块称为谓语。
1. He is a teacher.他是个老师（名词2. Five and five is ten.五加五等于十（数词）3.He is asleep.他睡着了（形容词）4.His father is in. 他的父亲在家（副词）5.The picture is on the wall.画在墙上。
(介词短语)6.That sounds good 那听起来很好。
7.It looks nice . 看上去很好。
常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来、吃起来）, feel（感觉）...四、宾语：动作、行为的对象1.I like China.我喜欢中国。
（名词）2.You can help me. 你能帮助我。
（代词）3.How many do you need? We need two. 你们需要多少？我们需要两个。
（数词）4. I like playing soccer. 我喜欢踢足球。
（动名词）5.I want to have an apple. 我想要吃个苹果。
（不定式）双宾语-----间接宾语（指人）和直接宾语（指物）Tom’s mother buy him some books.汤姆的妈妈给他买了一些书。
初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习(精华版).doc
初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习（精华版）（注：共四部分）第一部分1) leave的用法1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。
例如：When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海的？2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。
例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。
例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。
此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。
例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。
例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3.用于表示可能性。
should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。
例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与Which...?1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。
(完整版)人教版初中英语语法和知识点总结以及练习题
初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习初一年级（上）【知识梳理】I. 重点短语1. Sit down2. on duty3. in English4. have a seat5. at home6. look like7. look at8. have a look9. come on10. at work11. at school12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shoppingII. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about…?3. Let's do sth.4. It's time to do sth.5. It's time for …6. What's…? It is…/ It's…7. Where is…? It's….8. How old are you? I'm….9. What class are you in? I'm in….10. Welcome to…. 11. What's …plus…? It's….12. I think…13. Who's this? This is….14. What can you see？I can see….15. There is (are) ….16. What color is it (are they)? It's (They're)…17. Whose …is this? It's….18. What time is it? It's….III. 交际用语1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? I'm fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! You're welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye!8. What's your name? My name is ….9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Who's on duty today?11. Let's do.12. Let me see.IV. 重要语法1. 动词be的用法；2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4. 冠词的基本用法；5. There be句型的用法。
初中英语语法详解与训练练习及答案全套(共19套)
主谓一致的三个原则1. 语法一致原则该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，动词用复数形式：Both my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。
The living-room walls are a light yellow. 客厅的墙是淡黄色。
The two factories are in the same locality. 两家工厂都在同一个地区。
Her job is teaching French. 她的工作是教法语。
The location of the house is near the highway. 房子的地点靠近公路。
A large amount of damage was done in a short time. 短期内造成大量损害。
2. 意义一致原则有时候谓语动词的数取决于主语所表示的概念，而不是其语法形式：This news is important for us. 这条消息对我们很重要。
Paris is among the largest cities in the would. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。
The thesis was about a hundred and fifty pages long. 论文有一百五十页长。
Watch out! The police are coming. 当心，警察来了。
Less people are going to university than usual. 现在上大学的人比平时少。
3. 就近原则有时，谓语动词的数决定于主语中最靠近它的词语：Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。
Neither the students nor the teacher is interested in it. 老师和学生对此都不感兴趣。
七年级下册英语语法知识点及习题
七年级下册英语语法知识点及习题一. 名词 (Noun)1. 名词的基本概念名词是用来表示人、物、地点、想法、感觉和抽象概念的词语。
名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
2. 可数名词与不可数名词可数名词表示可以数的事物，可以用单数形式或复数形式来表示。
而不可数名词表示不可数的事物，只能用单数形式来表示。
练题：：1. 将下列名词归类为可数名词(C)或不可数名词(U)：- apple: [C]- water: [U]- book: [C]- milk: [U]- table: [C]2. 选择正确的形式填空：- There are many ____(book/books) on the shelf.- The ____(water/waters) in this bottle is cold.二. 代词 (Pronoun)1. 代词的基本概念代词是用来代替名词的词语。
使用代词可以避免重复使用名词，使句子更加简洁明了。
2. 人称代词人称代词用来代替人的名词，分为主格形式和宾格形式。
主格形式用于作主语，而宾格形式用于作动词的宾语或介词的宾语。
练题：：1. 选择合适的人称代词填空：- ___ is my sister. (She/Her)- My cousin invited ___ to the party. (I/Me)- ___ are going to the movies tonight. (We/Us)三. 动词 (Verb)1. 动词的基本概念动词是用来表示动作、状态或存在的词语。
动词分为实义动词和情态动词。
2. 动词的时态与语态动词的时态用来表示动作发生的时间。
常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时。
动词的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
练题：：1. 选择正确的时态填空：- My family ___ (go/went) to the beach last summer.- She ___ (watches/watched) a movie every weekend.- We ___ (will go/go) to the park tomorrow.四. 形容词 (Adjective)1. 形容词的基本概念形容词是用来描述名词性质或特征的词语。
语法知识点精讲+练习
新目标八年级上册英语语法知识点精讲+练习（一）一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。
通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。
be going to do（动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。
如：It is going to rain.will do结构表示将来的用法：1. 表示预见Do you think it will rain?You will feel better after a good rest.2. 表示意图I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成：（1）will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?（2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be …?Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t否定句构成：will + not （won’t）+doSarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑问句构成：特殊疑问词＋will＋主语＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday?★★练一练★★根据例句，用will改写下列各句例：I don’t feel well today. （be better tomorrow）I’ll be better tomorrow.1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight）_____________________________2. I’m tired now. （sleep later）_____________________________3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon）_____________________________4. We can’t leave right now. （leave a little later）_____________________________5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow）_____________________________答案：1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight.2. I’ll sleep later.3. They’ll buy one soon.4. We’ll leave a little later.5. Maybe it’ll be better tomorrow.（二）should的用法：should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.例如：I think you should eat less junk food.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。
初中英语语法大全全套讲解及练习
初中英语语法大全一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.)：表人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。
如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。
如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。
如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如：now, very, here, often,quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面名词或代词与其他句子成分关系。
如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主、谓、宾、定、状、表、宾补。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m MissGreen.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如：Jack cleans the room everyday. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
(完整word版)人教版初中英语语法和知识点总结以及练习题(良心出品必属精品)
初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习初一年级（上）【知识梳理】I. 重点短语1. Sit down2. on duty3. in English4. have a seat5. at home6. look like7. look at8. have a look9. come on10. at work11. at school12. put on13. look after14. get up15. go shopping II. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth.2. What about…?3. Let's do sth.4. It's time to do sth.5. It's time for …6. What's…? It is…/ It's…7. Where is…? It's….8. How old are you? I'm….9. What class are you in?I'm in….10. Welcome to….11. What's …plus…? It's….12. I think…13. Who's this? This is….14. What can you see？ I can see….15. There is (are) ….16. What color is it (are they)? It's (They're)…17. Whose …is this? It's….18. What time is it? It's…. III. 交际用语1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….2. Hello! Hi!3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.4. How are you? I'm fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later.6. Thank you! You're welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye! 8. What's your name? My name is ….9. Here you are. This way, please.10. Who's on duty today?11. Let's do.12. Let me see.IV. 重要语法1. 动词be的用法；2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法；3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4. 冠词的基本用法；5. There be句型的用法。
初中英语语法讲解-15个专题汇总(习题和答案)
初中英语语法讲解-15个专题汇总（习题和答案）专题一名词1 专题二数词、冠词7 专题三介词、连词14 专题四代词21 专题五形容词、副词30 专题六动词的分类39 专题七情态动词、系动词46 专题八动词时态53 专题九被动语态59 专题十非谓语动词66 专题十一简单句、并列句76 专题十二祈使句、感叹句84 专题一三宾语从句90 专题一四定语从句98 专题一五状语从句105 专题一名词 1. 名词的数 1. 概述: 名词按其表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
2. 可数名词及其单复数：可数名词有单复数变化，其前通常用不定冠词和数词来修饰，还可用many, few, a few, some, any, plenty of, lots of, a number of 等修饰。
构成名词复数形式的方法分为规则法和不规则法两种。
1）复数的规则构成法：绝大多数英语中的名词复数都是在单数名词后加上词尾-s或-es构成的。
具体规则如下图：规则例词一般情况下加-s apple-apples, ruler-rulers 以s, x, ch，sh,结尾的加-es bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches,1/ 136brush-brushes 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y变成i再加-es city-cities, county-countries 以f或fe结尾的，把f或fe变成v,再加-es knife-knives, leaf-leaves 以o结尾的，有的词尾加-es，有的加-s 在初中英语范围内加-es的主要有以下4个：tomato-tomatoes，potato-potatoes Hero-heroes，Negro-Negroes 2) 复数的不规则构成法：a．单复同形的：Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, fish-fish(表示鱼的数量) b. 熟记下列词的复数变化：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, child-children c. 以man, woman 做定语构成的复合名词，变复数时要全变：a man teacher-two men teachers; 其他情况一般只变主体名词而作定语的名词不变：a girl student-two girl students 3. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有单复数。
(完整word版)初中英语语法讲解以及练习题
名词专有 : 人 / 事物 / 地址 / 机构Tianjin France the Great Wall Chinese一般 : 一类人 / 事物固出名称个体 :student table物质 :water air rain抽象 (动作 , 状态 , 质量 ):future help health会合 :class people family 表示的事物的性质可数 : a pen two boxes (可直接用数字计算的)不行数ink work用量数 +of 表示数目 a piece of paper; a bottle of water; three cups of teaHere is a bottle of wine.There are four glasses of milk.I need a box of apples.There are two baskets of eggs on the table.可数名词 : 单数1a little minutes ’1. There are fifty six in China.A. peopleB. peoplesC. people ’sD. ofpeople2. There is not enough in the corner to put the table.A. placeB. roomC. floorD. ground3. The new pair of which I bought yesterday is madeof .A. glasses; glassB. glass; glassC. glasses; glassesD.glass; glasses4. The Whites to China for holiday this summer.A. is going to flyB. flyC. are going to flyD. flies5. He told us he had some , some , two dogs, anda cow on his farm.A. sheeps; chickensB. sheep; chickensC. sheep; chickenD.sheeps; chicken复数 : 规则与不规则 6. There have been a lot of in our city since 1990.规则 : 直接 + s maps bags A, woman doctors B. woman doctor C. women doctor D.以 s x sh ch 结尾 + es brushes watches boxes women doctorsbuses 7. These visitors are from . But they are probably 辅音字母+ y 结尾 , 把 y 变 i + es cities families not , because they speak .(boys) A. German; German; French B. Germany; Germen; France 以 f, fe 结尾 , 把 f, fe 变 v + es knives leaves C. Germany; Germans; French D. German; Germans; France (roofs, handkerchiefs) 8. They got much from those new books.以 o 结尾 + es potatoes tomatoes (pianos, photos, A. ideas B. photo C. information radios) D. message不规则 : children feet teeth mice men women Frenchmen (Germans, 9. If there is a big football match, several will watch the human beings) traffic.单复数同样 : Chinese Japanese fish deer sheep A. hundreds polices B. hundreds police C. hundred polices D.形式单数意义复数 : cattle police people hundred policeThe people here are very friendly. 10. The old teacher is a friend of .以复数形式出现 : clothes, glasses, shoes, stockings, trousers A. my eldest broth er ’s B. my eldest brother His clothes are over there. C. my eldest brothers ’ D. my eldest brothers名词全部格 : 有生命的东西的名词+ ‘s表示谁的11. This book will be in your studies.Tom’ sfriends; the students books;’the teacher ’office;s the A. of great use B. of helpful C. with care D. great students ’ reading room importance表几个人共有同样东西 : Bei and Rong ’ s room is very clean. 12. The teachers who are coming to us are mothers.表各自全部 : Liu ’ s and Peng ’ s mothers are both teachers. A. Rose and Dick ’s B. Rose ’ s and Dick C.’s Rose and Dicks ’省略 :防止重复This is not my brother ’s glass D. Rose and Dickbut my husband ’ s. 13. —— Is this newspaper?表示商铺 , 某人家时 the doctor ’ s (office); the Green ’ s (house);—— Yes, it ’ s my .the tailor ’ s (shop) A. today ’ s; fatherB . today ’ s; father C’s.today; father D. ’s 指时间 ,距离的名词也可用名词全部格today; fatherBeijing ’ s population; five minutes ’ walk; today ’ s newspaper14. The new shop sells clothes and shoes.表无生命的东西的名词所相关系, 用 of 形式 A. women B. women ’s C. womens ’ D.The leg of the table; the cover of the book woman’s两重全部格 : of 短语 + 名词全部格15. It is about walk from here to the station.a friend of my sister ’a s;picture of Mrs. Wang’ s (a A. half an hours B. a’half hours C.’half a hour D’s.half an picture of Mrs. Wang) hour ’s名词在句子中的作用16. What we are having today!The teacher taught us an English song yesterday. A. the fine weather B. a fine weather C. fine a weather D. fine My daughter likes Chinese. weatherLinda was elected monitor.We named her Beibei. ( ) 1. _____ are going to England for a holiday.We would like to visit a car factory. A. The Wang B. Wang ’s C. The Wang ’s D. The Wangs John David, a famous America singer, died in an aircraft crash. 名( ) 2. There are many _____ in the school.词练习题 A. women teachers B. woman teachers C.women teacherD.例题 : woman teacherPlease keep quiet. If you make a lot of , you may disturb ( ) 3. _____ turn yellow in autumn.others. A. Leaf B. Leaves C. Leave D. LeafsA. voiceB. noiseC. sound ( ) 4. Will you please show me the way to the _____ shop?D. singing A. shoe B. shoes ’ C. shoes D. shoe ’s—— Would you like some drinks, boys? ( ) 5. Help yourselves to some _____ , dear children!—— Yes, , please. A. fishs B. fishes C. fish D. the fishA. some orangesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD. ( ) 6. _____ hard work it is!two bottles of orange A. What a B. How C. What D. How aThis is room. The twin sisters like it very much. ( ) 7. Do you believe that there are two _____ in my class?A. Lucy ’ s and Lily ’sB. Lucy ’ s and LilyC. A. Maries B. Marys C. Mary ’sD. Marys ’Lucy and Lily ’s( ) 8. His family _____ a happy one.After playing football for more than a half hour, the students took A. be B. are C. is D. wasrest. ( ) 10. My grandparents like _____ very much, so they grow someA. a few minute ’B.s a few minutes ’C. a little minute D’s. in their _____ garden every year.2 A. vegetable, vegetable B. vegetable, vegetablesC. vegetables, vegetablesD. vegetables, vegetabl冠词不行独立使用 ,放在名词前不定冠词 a an定冠词 :the不定冠词用法 : a + 一般名词an + 发音以元音音素开头的名词a house; a university; a book; an hour; an umbrella; an apple1.第一次提到某人 , 某物There is a ball under the chair.Mrs. Li is a math teacher.2.代表某类人 / 物A horse is a useful animal.Even a child can answer this question.3.表示每一的Take this medicine three times a day.4.固定词组 (平常累积 )have a rest; a long time; a few; a lot of; a bit;go out for a walk定冠词the 这个 ;那个 ;这些 ;那些1.特指某个人 /某物 ; 讲话两方都知道的事物 ; 重复提到过的人 /事物They are playing basketball. The ball is hers.Would you please take the book to Mr. Liu?There is a table by the window. On the tablethere are some books.2.用在世界上唯一无二的事物前 ; 方向名词前Liu Beibei wants to visit the Summer Palace.The sun sets in the west.3.用在单数可数名词前 ,表示某类人或事物The computer is a very useful machine.The elephant is bigger than the horse.4.用在序数词 ,形容词或副词最高等或 only 修饰的名词前This is the first time he visits Europe.He is the best teacher they have ever met.She is the only teacher who has been to bothAmerica and Britain.5.用在乐器前My daughter likes to play the piano.(表球类 ,棋类名词前不用 )6.the + adj 表示某类人或事物the poor; the young; the wounded7.the + 姓氏复数形式 , 表示一家人或夫妻The Greens are watching TV now.The Wangs are kind to us.8.专出名词前The Yellow River; the Red Sea; The people ’ sRepublic of China; The Great Wall.9.习习用语in the morning; in the afternoon; on the right(at night; at noon; at midnight)零冠词现象1.表某一类人或事物复数名词前 (泛指 )Girls like flowers.2.国名 ,人名前Mary likes to live in China.3.名词前已有 this, that, these, those, my, some, any,his 等代词作定语修饰时I have no classes every Sunday.I have been teaching English in this school foreighteen years.4.在抽象名词或物质名词前She and her husband both like music.(Tom likes the music of the film.)Paper is made of wood.5.礼拜 ,月份 ,季节 ,节假日前I was born in November.It is very hot in summer here.6.表头衔 ,职务前This is Mr. Liu, manager of this company.7.三歺 ,球类前Have breakfast. Play foot ball8.固定词组Go to school; work day and night; go to bed; bytrainand China are of ＿＿＿ same＿＿＿ IndiacontinentA. /; theB. The; theC./;/ D. /; aWhat ＿＿＿ fine weather we have these days!A. aB. theC./ D. an＿＿＿Greens are on ＿＿＿ visit to a beautifulcity in China.A. /; aB. A; theC.The; a D. the; /“X”:用适合的冠词填空，不需要冠词的空白处填1.The car is running about sixty miles ＿＿＿hour.2.My friend is interested in __________ science.3.Don’ tworry; we still have ＿＿＿ little timeleft.Hurry up; we have ＿＿＿little time left.4.John is ＿＿＿ cleverest boy in his class.5.March 8 is _________ Women’ s Day.6.＿＿＿ Greens will come to see you tomorrow.7.Here is ＿＿＿ black blouse; _____ blouse ishers.8.They always have ________ bread for__________ dinner.9.I prefer playing _______ piano to playing_________ basketball.10.________ harder we study, _________ morewe’ ll learn.11.We can’ t see ______ sun at ______ night.A. a; /B. a; theC. the; /D. the; the12. Students often play ___ volleyball in __ afternoon.A. /; anB. /; theC. the; anD. a; theIs Canada _______ English speaking country.A. /B. aC. anD. the4. This is _______ orange. It is _______ small orange.A. an; anB. an; aC. /; theD. the; a5. _____ UN report says that there will be standingroom only on ____ earth then.A. A; theB.A;/C. An; /D. An; the7. There is _______ “ x” in ______ word “ six ” .A. a; theB. a; anC. an; theD. a; a8. Look! _______ fine weather it is today!A. What aB. whatC. how aD. how9._____ Yellow River is ____ second longest river in China.A. The; theB. /; aC. The; aD. The; /10. John Smith is __ of the two young men.A. strongB. a strongerC. the strongerD. the strongest1. –--What color is ______ orange? ----- It ’ s_______ orange.A. an; anB. an; theC. an; /D. /; an2. Look! ______ good time the children are having!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a3. London is _____ capital of _____ England.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD. the; /4. There ’ re___ few mistakes ( 错误 ) in your homework. Don ’ t make __ same mistakes again.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; the5._____ Most of the students in our class go to _____ school by bike every day.A. /; /B. the; aC. /; aD. the; the6.Don’ t give up. You can try for _______ second time.A. theB. anC. aD. /7.She took me by ___ hand and led me into ____ room.A. my; aB. the; theC. a; theD. my;the8.What ____ interesting game it is! It must be ____great fun.A. an; aB. a; theC. the; /D. an; /9.The house in ______ front of the river is on ______ fire.A. /; /B. the; theC. the; /D. /; a10.He often says ______ rich should help _______ poor.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; /11.－What can you see by the lake?－I can see ____ old man sitting on the chair.(2000 杭州 )A. aB. anC. theD. /12.－ Have you had ______ lunch yet? ---No, not yet. (2000 广州 )A. /B. aC. theD. an13. One morning he found a bag. There was _ “ s” on the corner of _ bag. (2000 甘肃 )A. a; aB. a; theC. an; aD. an; the14.There ’ s ______ egg on the plate. _____ egg is for you. (2000 内蒙古 )A. a; AB. an; AnC. an; TheD. the;An15.Did you enter for (报名 /进入，参加 )_____ highjump or _____ 400-metre race? (2000 上海 )A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the16.____ old man in black has waited for you for half______ hour. (2001 汕头 )A. The; anB. The; aC. An; aD. An;不填17.＿＿＿ elephant is ___ useful animal. (2002 汕头)A. An; anB. An; aC. The; anD. A; an18. － I saw ___ story-book on the teacher’ s desk?－___ book is Li Ming’s. (2003汕头)A. a; AB. the; TheC. the; AD. a;The19.There is ______man over there, _____man isfrom Renhua, and he is studying in_______Beijing University.A. the, the ,theB. a, a, aC. a , the, theD. a, the, /( ) 1. Sunday is _____ day of the week.A. oneB. the firstC. firstD. the one( ) 2. Which is _____ , the sun, the earth or the moon?A. biggerB. biggestC. the biggestD. big ( ) 3. There is a desk in his bedroom. On _____ desk there is _____ pencil-box.A. a, theB. the, theC. the, aD. a, a( ) 4. What _____ good idea it is!A. aB. anC. theD. /( ) 5. Yesterday I went to _____ school on _____ foot.A. the, theB. /, /C. a, /D. the, /( ) 7. Though he is rich, he has _____ friends.A. a littleB. a fewC. a lot ofD. few( ) 8. There is a tall tree _____ our classroom.A. in the front ofB. in frontC. in front ofD. at front the() 9. September 10th is _____ in China.A. Teachers ’ DayB . Teacher ’ s CDay. Teacher ’ s Day D. the Teachers ’ Day() 10. People often go skating in _____ winter.A. /B. aC. anD. the代词人称／物主／指示／反身／疑问／相互／不定人称代词：数／格／人称主格／宾格／单数／复数／人称I teach them English.Do you want to go there with us?Who is that? It is me.Who are you? I am your new neighbour.I choose you four. The rest stay here.She is from China.Where is Liu Jing? He has gone to France.She bought a new watch last week, but she lost it yesterday.It is going to snow. ( 时间／天气／自然／距离)It is sunny today. It is half past four. It is not far frommy home to the school.Who is it? It is me. ( 指代不太清楚的人 )Is it your new teacher?物主代词表达所相关系my your his her its our their 形容词性相当于形容词，作定语，后接名词名词性mine yours his hers its ours theirs 相当于形容词性物主代词＋名词My students, his familyTheir classroom is big. Ours is bigger. (our classroom) These books are not his. They are mine.There is something wrong with my car. Can I use yours? 指示代词This that( 时间／空间距我们较近的人或事物)these those(时间／空间距我们较远的人或事物 )This/that is a horse.I like these but he likes those.What I need is this.Have you read those books?That/those 可取代前面提到过的名词以防止重复 The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Wuhan. The cars made in Japan are as good as those made in Germany.This/that 可用来表示程度Is she that tall?The book is about this thick.That 可用来取代句子或句子中的一部分He caught a cold. That’ s why he could not come. 不定代词不详细指明朝替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词some/any/no/nonesome/anysome 用于必定句中He has some English books, but he has not any French books.Any用于否认句或疑问句中Do you have any paper and pens?Would you like some coffee?Some +单数可数名词表示某个Some lady asked to see you yesterday.There must be some reason for this.No/noneNo = not any 可数／不行数名词None 主语／宾语There is no money in the box.No car is 100% safe.None of them is/are good at English.She needs some money, but there is none at hand.All my friends like music.All my friends do not like music.Not all my .None of my friends like music.Many/muchMany + 可数名词复数Much +不行数名词She has many friends.There is not much water in the bottle.Few/a few修饰或取代可数名词Little/a little修饰或取代不行数名词主宾定数目相对而言He has a few friends, but he has few good friends. There is a little water here, you may drink it.There is little time left, please be quick.We have quiet a few books to read.（很多）We have only a few minutes left.Very few people know about it.There is only a little (very little) water in the bottle. Both/either/neither二者都／二者中的一个／二者都不These tow books are very interesting. I like both. Both of them are right.Neither of them is good at English.Here are two tickets. You may take either of them. Both her brothers are teachers.Neither of her brothers is a teacher.Both her brothers are not teachers.Any/none/all用于三者或三者以上They are all tired, but none of them will stop to have a rest.I am free for the whole week. You can come on any day.All/both三者／二者或以上All the teachersAll of the teachersBoth the teachersBoth of the teachersBe动词后，实义动词前They all went there by plane.They are both teachers.The friends have both been invited.Each/every重申个别／重申全体There are many flowers on each side of the streets. Every student has to take the exam.Each of children was given a cake.The boys have five books each.They each have five books.Each of them (the boys) has five books.One取代可数名词，防止重复Ones/one ’ s/oneselfI don ’ t have a pen. Can you lend me one?There are two old books and a new one on the desk. One must do one ’ s duty.One should not praise oneself.Another/the other/the others另一个，又一个（众多中）／二者中一个／其余全部的几个This sweater is too small. Could you show me another one?The boy has three toy guns. One is green. Another is yellow. The third is black.There are 2 foreign students in the class. One is fromFrance. The other is from Britain.There are many people in the park. Some are singing. Others are dancing.There are 20 students in our class. Ten are boys. The others are girls.合成代词Somebody someone anybody看作单数，做主宾定There is nothing in the box.Nobody wants to read it.疑问代词who whom whose what whichWho 主 who will come here?Whom 宾 who/whom did you see yesterday? Whose 定 whose book is it?What 什么 what are you looking at?Which 哪一个 which teacher is your favorite teacher?～ self反身代词谁自己Myself himself yourself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselvesThe children enjoyed themselves at the party.The cake was made by the mother herself.相互代词：表相互Each otherOne anotherYou should help each other in your lessons.They are interested in one another’ s work. The students’ barbers cut each other’ s hair. 代词练习题例题A. oneB. thoseC. theseD. that7.The players from Europe are taller than from Asia.thatA. thoseD. theyB. theseC.8. He found impossible to work out the problem by .A. that; ourselvesB. it; myselfC. it; himselfD. that; himself9. took us two hours to repair the refrigerator.ThatA. ThisD. ItB. It ’sC.10.—— Who is singing in the next room?——must be Mary.A. SheB. ThisC. ItD. He11.—— Hello, may I speak to Peter?—— Hello,Peter speaking.A. I’mB. this isC. that ’sD. its12.—— When shall we go fishing next week, Saturday or Sunday?——day is OK. You decide.A. NeitherB. either.C. bothD. all13. There are forty pupils in Class 3.of them are Young Pioneers.A. AllB. EitherC.It used to be apartment, but now Both D. Eachit ’ s . 14. You can take of the two bags, butA. hers; mineB. her; mineC. leave one to your sister.her; my D. hers; my A. each B. both C. The population of China is much larger than neither D. eitherof Russia. 15. —— Which do you prefer, coffee or milk?A. thisB. thoseC. ——, thanks. I ’ d like some cool water. itD. that A. Either B. Neither C. Both —— Is here? D. None—— No, Tom and Jack have asked for leave. 16. —— Is he interested in all the games?A. anybodyB. everybodyC. —— No. he likes .somebody D. nobody A. all B. any C. none —— Which do you prefer, coffee or cola? D. neither——, thanks. I ’ d like a cup of tea. 17. of us has been told about it, so weA. EitherB. bothC. don’ t know it at all.Neither D. None A. both B. nobody C. EachD. None1.bedroom is larger than.A. Our; yourB. Yours; theirsC. Theirs; oursD. Their; ours2.—— Li Gang and Wang Lin have been away. They can ’ t help us with the work.—— Let ’ s do it.A. ourselvesB. themselvesC. yourselvesD. myself3.Look at the cat.Washing paws.A. Its; itsB. It; itsC. It ’ s; itsD. It’ s; it’s4.All the students have gone to the Science Museum except.A. her and hisB. him and meC. she and himD. he and I5.will be sent to Germany for the training.A. I, you and heB. He, I and youC. You, she and ID. I, you and they6. The population of China is larger than of India. 18.The colour of Lingling s’skirt is different from of theirs.A. thatB. thisC. theseD. those19.Granny Li keeps one white cat and three yellow.A. oneB. onceC. one’sD. ones20.—— Would you like a banana?—— No, thank you. I ’ ve already had . thatA. oneD. thisB. itC.21. —— Can you see students on the playground?—— Yes, I can see .A. any; a fewB. any; fewC. some; littleD. any; any22. If Lintao can’ t win the race, does want a go?A. else everybodyB. somebody elseC. else anybodyD. anybody else23. Here are two letters, Bob, is for you7and is for your father.A. one; anotherB. one; the secondC. one;the other D. one; others24. After supper some people like to stay at homewatching TV .like to go out for a walk.A. anotherB. otherC.others D. the others25.“ He’ s the tallest in the class” meansthan in the calss”.A. every boyB. any studentsC. eachboy D. any other student“ He’ s taller26.Let ’ ask Jim about the Internet. He knows aboutit.A. a fewB. fewC.a little D. little27. I can’ tgive you any ink because I haveleft.A. littleB. fewC.a little D. a few28. A lot of climbers have tried to climb theQomolangma, but only have succeeded.A. manyB. fewC.a few D. much29.——May I use your pencil sharpener?——Yes.I have two, and you can useof them.A. everyB. allC. any30.D. eitherof the five girls knows how to get there.A. allB. neitherC. bothD. none31. I have four cousins. One is a lawyer,isan artist,are workers.A. the other; the othersB.another; othersC. another; the othersD.theother; others32.This pair of glasses is too dark. Could you showme /A. the othersB. another oneC.the other D. another pair33. Miss Gao gave the exam papers to all the pupilsexcept who had not passed the exam.A. the onesB. onesC. themD. the other34. ——I’ m very thirsty. Could I have to drink?——What would you like?——will do.A. anything; somethingB.something; anythingC. something; somethingD.anything; anything35.——What are you doing here, Mary and Kate?——We are looking at pictures.A. each ’ s otherB. each other’sC.each otherD. each ’ s other’s8数词数词表示数目的多少温次序的词分为基数词和序数词基数词：表示数目或数目的词从十三至十九：以teen 结尾逢十都以 ty 结尾二十一至九十九：十位与个位之间加连字符hundred thousand million billion读法：每三位分开十位与百位之间加and26,256,352序数词：表示次序或第几用法第一，第二，第三，其余加基数词后加th注意第五，第八，第九，第十二 fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth二十，三十等：y 变 i +eth多位数时只变个位缩略形式：阿拉伯数字加最后两位字母读法：Lesson 2, the second lesson Page 53, the fifty-third page Room 605 Bus 5Telephone number: 2225553分数读法：1/2 a half 1/3 one 分子用基数分母用序数third 2./4 two quarters( )/5 two fifths 五又四分之五 five and four fifths小数： 0.12 0.32百分比： percent sixty percent加减乘除： Five and ten is fifteen. Five plus ten equals fifteen. Five and ten make fifteen.Seven minus one equals six. Seven minus one is six.Five times six equals thirty.Ten divided by five equals two.日期表示法： 1990 年 3 月 14 日March 14 1990 ()9 世纪the nineteenth centuryIn the 1990s时辰表达法：练习：This table is about(四英尺长，三英尺高，五英尺宽)No body believes that _______________ (一个八岁的小男孩 ) can do so well.We can see(数以千记的 ) stars at night.Our office is(和平路３３号 )(第八课 )＿＿＿＿ is the simplest lesson of the book. My daughter was born ____________(1995年4月5 日)He gets up ___________ (6:25) and goes to school_____________ (7:00)You can take ________ (685 公共汽车 )to go to the department store.This story happened in Guangzhou _________ (1996 年9月)How much is ________ (30-5)例题There are about two____ students in the newly built school.A. thousandB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands ofIn our class ____ of the students are girls.A. three fifthsB. three fifthC. third fiveD. third fifthsBoth of the two rules are broken. I want to buy a ____ one.A. threeB. thirdC. forthD. 不填数词练习1 There are ___ days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-fivB. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-fiveD. three hundred and sixty five2 There are____ students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-sixB. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-sixD. eight hundred forty-six3 ______people visit this museum every day.A. HundredB. HundredsC. Hundred ofD. Hundreds of4 There are two___ people in the meeting room.A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundreds ofD. hundred of5 Every year ___ watch NBA on TV.A. million peopleB. millions of peopleC. millions peopleD. million of people6____ trees have been planted in our schoolin the past 10 years.A. Thousands ofB. Two thousandsC. Thousand ofD. Two thousand of7 Look! There are ___ in the sky.A. thousand starsB. thousand of starsC. thousands of starsD. thousands of star8 My brother is in____.A. Three Class, One GradeB. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class ThreeD. class three, grade one9 We are going to learn___ this term.A. book sixB. six bookC. the book sixD. Book Six10 Please turn to___. Let's read the text aloud.A. Page TwoB. the page twoC. second pageD. page second11We can say the number 78, 645 in Englishlike this____.A.seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-fiveB.seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty fiveC.seventy-eight thousand six hundred andforty-fiveD.seventy eight thousand six hundred andforty-five12"The year 1999" should be read "The year____".A.nineteen and ninety-nineB.nineteen ninety-nineC.one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nineD. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine13He will come here ____ tomorrow morning.A. at fifthB. at tenC. on twoD. till tenth14 Every day he begins to do his homework ___.A. at ten past sevenB. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventh D . until ten15 He was doing some washing ____.A. at eight yesterday morningB. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eightD. by eight yesterday morning16 He began to work there____.A. on his fiftyB. at age of fiftyC. when he fiftyD. in his fifties17 They moved to Beij ing _9A. in 1980sB. in the 1980 'C.in the 1980s D. on the 1980's18We all like the boy.A. of ten years oldB. ten-year-oldC.at ten old D. of age of ten4 She was ___ her early twenties when she went abroad.A. atB. onC. of D: in19There are____ months in a year. Decemberis the____month of the year.A. twelve; twelveB. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelveD. twelve; twelveth20During____ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twentyB. the twentiethC. twentiethD. the twenty21 Sunday is the____ day of the week.A. seventhB. firstC.second D. third22 Autumn is season in a year.A. the fourthB. the thirdC. athird D. the threeth23 Tom was to get to school and I was ______.A. first; ninthB. a first; a ninthC. the first;the ninth D. the second; the nineth24-What's the date today?-Its___.A. FridayB. time to goC.cloudy D. June 4th25Jenny was bornA. on July 10, 1987B. in July 10, 1987C. in1987, July 10 D. on 1987, July 1026Monday is the second day, and_______.A. Tuesday is the fourthB. Thursdayis the fifthC. the second is TuesdayD. the secondis Thursday27About____ of the books in our school libraryare written in Chinese.A. four-fifthB. four-fifthsC. fourth-fifthsD. fourths-fifth28___ of the students are girls in our class.A. Two threeB. Two threesC. Twothirds D. Second three29___ of the world's books and newspapersare written in English.A. Three quartersB. Three quarterC. Thirds fourD. Threes fourth30 Tom is____ in the row.A. a secondB. the secondC. twoD. second31 The girl wanted to sing____ song in English.A. the othersB. a secondC. otherD. the second32 Now let me have____.A. the third tryB. a third tryC. third tryD. this third try参照答案：CCDABACBDACBBAADCADBBBBCDABBCABBB。
初中英语语法专题资料（含讲义与练习题）
初中英语语法专题资料（含讲义与练习题）第一讲名词和冠词一名词：世界上由万事万物构成的，这些事物各有名称，表示这些名称的名词叫作名词。
名词的分类：专有名词和普通名词专有名词：表示具体的人名，事物，地名，机构和节日等名称的词称为专有名词。
（专有名词开头第一个字母必须大写）①表示人： Yang Liwei 杨利伟 Alice 爱丽丝②表示事物： the Changjiang River 长江 December 十二月③表示地名： Macao 澳门 New York 纽约④表示节日: Christmas Day 圣诞节Children’s Day 儿童节⑤表示机构： WTO 世界贸易组织 the University of London 伦敦大学普通名词：指一类人，事物，物质或抽象概念的名称。
（一）名词的单复数形式：可数名词的单复数形式⑴名词复数的特殊形式man—men, woman—women, policeman—policemen, Englishman—Englishmen,foot—feet, tooth—teeth, child—children, German—Germans⑵有些名词的单复数形式同形Chinese, Japanese, deer, sheep, fish⑶合成名词，只将其主题词变为复数形式girl student—girl students pencil-box—pencil-boxes⑷由man和woman构成的合成词，全部变成复数man doctor—men doctors woman teacher ---womenteachers⑸只有复数的名词trousers, glasses, thanks, clothes, goods, compasses, stairs, people, scissors, chopsticks⑹不可数名词的数量表达a piece of bread/meat; five drops of water; six bags of rice; seven pairs of shoes;eight basketball of apples; nine piece of news课堂练习：A组：选择最佳答案1. Mrs. Lenny gave us ______________ on how to learn English well.A) some advices B) many advices C) some advice D) an advice2. If these trousers are too big, buy a small _______________A) set B) one C) pair D) copy3. A group of __________ are talking about two ______________A) Frenchmans; Germen B) Germans; FrenchmansC) Frenchmen; Germans D) German; Frenchmen4. ---What would you like to drink, girls? ---______________, please.A) two cup of coffee B) two cups of coffeeC) two cups of coffees D) two cup of coffees5. My mother and my sister are both _____________________A) woman teachers B)women teacher C) woman teacher D) women teachers6. We needn’t buy any __________. There are many in the fridge.A) fruit B) milk C) meat D) eggs7. How many ___________ can you see?A) milks B) a glass of milk C) glasses of milks D) glasses ofmilk8. I think maths ______________ very useful.A) is B) are C) am D) be9. The little baby has two __________ already.A) tooth B) tooths C) teeth D) teeths10. I’m thirsty, please make _________ for me.A) a tea B) a cup of tea C) teas D) a cup of teasB组：用所给词的正确形式填空1. I have two _________________(knife).2. They come from different _________________(country).3. The _________(meet) begins at 2:00 in the afternoon.4. We have quite lots of nice ___________(photo). Let me show you some of them.5. How many ___________(foot) does a cat have?6. There are many ___________(bus) on the road.7. Look at the picture, a lion is running after a group of _____________(deer).8. Here is a birthday card for you with our best _____(wish).9. Changjiang River is one of the longest ______________(river) in China.10. The students in Class 1 are all __________________(Japan).C 组：判断对错1. A: My glasses is broken. ( ) B: My glasses are broken. ( )2. A: I want to buy two pairs of shoes. ( )B: I want to buy two shoes. ( )3. A: I need a few ink. ( ). B: I need a little ink. ( )4. A: Don’t eat too much meat. ( ) B: Don’t eat too much meats. ( )5. A: May I borrow two radioes? ( ) B: May I borrow two radios? ( )(二) 名词所有格：表示名词所属关系的一种形式1. 单数名词的所有格，只需在词尾加’s Jim’s sister Lucy’s pen2. 以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，只加’ the students’ book Teachers’ Day3. 不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，应加’s Children’s Day Women’s Day4. 表示几个人共有的东西，只需要在最后一个人的名词后面加’s, Lucy and Lily’s bedroom5. 表示各自所有的，则每个名词都加’s Lucy’s and Lily’s desks6. 名词所有格常用省略式，省去被名词所有格修饰的名词at the doctor’s7. “of+ 名词所有格”，通常作后置定语，这种结构通常指整体中的部分或一个a friend of my father’s the window of the roomA组：选择最佳答案1. Tony’s car is more beauti ful than _______________________.A) his brother’s and sister B) his brother and sisterC) his brothers and sisters D) his brother and sister’s2. ---How long does it take to get to the station? ---It’s ____________ walk.A) six minute’s B) six-minutes C) six minutes’ D) six minutes3. These are _____________ bikes.A) Jin and Sam’s B) Jim’s and Sam C) Jim and Sam D) Jim’s and Sam’s4. Twelve __________ were hurt, but no __________ were lost in the accident.A) person; life B) people; lives C) peoples; lives D) persons;life5. There’s something important in _________________.A) paper of today B) today newspaper’s C) today newspaperD) today’s newspaper6. Miss Smith is a friend of _______________A) Mary’s mother’s B) Mary’s mother C) Mary mother’sD) moth er’s of Mary7. Joan is _____________ sister.A) Mary and Jack B) Mary’s and Jack’s C) Mary’s and JackD) Mary and Jack’s8. I will give you __________ to finish it.A) two week’s time B) two week time C) two weeks’ timeD) two weeks time9. This is not your radio, but __________________A) yours brother B) your brother’s C) you brother’s D) yours brother’s10. My school is about twenty __________ walk from here?A)minute B) minutes’ C) minute’s D) minutes二冠词：英语中名词前常会出现a,an或the这三个词，用来说明名词所表示的人或事物，冠词是虚词，是名词的一种标志，它不能脱离名词独立存在，不能单独作句子成分。
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初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习（精华版）（注：共四部分）第一部分1) leave的用法1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。
例如：When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海的？2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。
例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。
例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。
此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。
例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。
例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3.用于表示可能性。
should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。
例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与Which...?1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。
如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？该句相当于：What does your father do?What is your father's job?Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。
如：---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。
如：What color do you like best? （所有颜色）你最喜爱什么颜色？Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范围）你最喜爱哪一种颜色？3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。
如：Which pictures are from China?哪些图片来自中国？4)频度副词的位置1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：always（总是，一直）usually（通常）often（常常，经常）sometimes（有时候）never（从不）2.频度副词的位置：a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。
如：David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。
如：We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7：10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。
如：Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。
如：Never have I been there.5) every day 与everyday1. every day作状语，译为“每一天”。
如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天7：10去上学。
I decide to read English every day.我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么？6)什么是助动词1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。
被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。
助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如：He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语。
（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义）2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：a. 表示时态，例如：He is singing.他在唱歌。
He has got married.他已结婚。
b. 表示语态，例如：He was sent to England.他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句，例如：Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗？Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗？d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：I don't like him.我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气，例如：Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that.他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do1.forget to do忘记要去做某事。
(未做)forget doing忘记做过某事。
(已做)The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。
(没有做关灯的动作)He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。
( 已做过关灯的动作)Don't forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来。
(to come动作未做)典型例题---- The light in the office is still on.---- Oh，I forgot___.A. turning it offB. turn it offC. to turn it offD. having turned it off答案：C。
由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。
此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do 记得去做某事(未做)remember doing记得做过某事(已做)Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?8) It's for sb.和It's of sb.1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。
如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。
如：You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。
He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。
)9) 对两个句子的提问新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。
例如：句子：The boy in blue has three pens.提问：1.Who has three pens?2.Which boy has three pens?3.What does the boy in blue have?4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。
再如：句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.提问：1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?10) so、such与不定冠词的使用1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。
如：He is so funny a boy.Jim has so big a house.2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。