第六讲(增词翻译)

• This new type of computer is indeed cheap and fine.
• 这部新型电脑真是物美价廉。 • He is a complicated man---moody, mercurial, with a melancholy streak.
• 他是个性格复杂的人——喜怒无常，反 复多变，有些抑郁寡欢。
• Syntactical addition:
• • • • • •
增加动词 增加名词 增加副词 增加量词 增加表达复数的词 增加表达时态的词
• 增加动词： • In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he would work on the drafting of the final communique. • 晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒 乓球表演之后，他还得起草最后的公报。
• She felt the flowers were in her fingers, on her lips, growing in her breast. • 她觉得她好像手里拿着花，嘴里吻着花， 连胸中也生出了花。
• 增加名词： • We have made some achievements, and we must guard against complacency. • 我们取得了一些成绩，但要防止自满情 绪。
• 我的回答完全是坦坦荡荡，直言无讳。
• My solitude being no longer endurable, I went out and walked the town for hours. • 寂寞难耐，我随意外出，走街串巷达数 小时之久。 • Not to meander at present, I will go back to my birth.
• 现在不要再离题太远，还是言归正传， 接着说我是怎么出生的。
• She possessed an innocence unsullied by contact with the world.
• 她拥有一种纯真，这种纯真并没有因为 同外界的接触而玷污。
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• A government of and by and for the exploiting class cannot possibly survive. • 一个为剥削阶级所占有，由剥削阶级所 组成并为剥削阶级服务的政府是不可能 存在下去的。
• 增加副词： • 有些动词根据原文的上下文可以增加适 当的副词，以确切表示原意 • As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. • 他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个 没完。
• The crowed melted away. • 人群渐渐地散开了。 • Time drops in decay, like a candle burnt out. • 时间一点一滴地逝去，有如蜡烛慢慢燃 尽。
• Ever day you can see her doing housework——cooking, sweeping and cleaning. • 每天都可以看到她在做家务——做饭、扫地、 收拾房间。
• The leader is not satisfied with our preparation. • 领导对我们的准备工作不满意。
• 增加量词： • 英语中数词与可数名词往往可以直接连 用，不用加量词。而汉语往往要加入量 词 • He showed me the scars on his legs. • 他让我看他双腿上的道道伤痕。
• When she came in, she saw smiling faces around her. • 她进来时，看到周围一张张的笑脸。 • A red sun rose slowly from the clam sea. • 一轮红日从平静的海面冉冉升起。
• 群山开始向山谷投下一道道蔚蓝色的长 影。
• 增加表示时态的词： • I had never thought I’d be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was. • 以前我从未想过，当我发觉人们认为我 无足轻重时，我会感到高兴。但这次情 况的确如此。
• All these are to improve the readability of the TL version and be faithful to the original.
• 增词翻译法： • ---指在准确理解原文的基础上，在译文 中添加必要词语的翻译方法 • ---所增加的词语必须是译文中在句法上、 语义上、修辞上或习惯上不可或缺的词 语
• 增加表示名词复数的词 • Flowers bloom all over the yard. • 朵朵鲜花开满了庭院。
• The judge let him off with warnings not to cause trouble again.
• 法官释放他之前对他再三警告，不得重 新作案。
• Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.
• 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
• Cultural addition：
• 增加比喻的喻意 • 增加背景信息
• 增加比喻的喻意： • Advice and correction roll off him like water off a duck’s back.
• 劝导对他好像水过鸭背似的不起作用。 • Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard. • 俗话说，衣柜里面藏骷髅，见不得人的 事家家有。
• Addition is always to add what is implied but not explicitly expressed in the form.
• Types of addition: • 1. Syntactical addition • 2. Cultural addition • 3. Rhetorical addition
• Addition • ---is a skill commonly used in translation practice. • It has actually been employed in the skill of extension to preserve the meaning of an image and reproduce the artistic effect.
• 增加背景信息： • The blond boy quickly crossed himself.
• 那个金发小男孩立刻在胸前划十字，祈 求上帝保佑。
• Artistic addition • I have been completely honest in my replies, withholding nothing.
• It was said the his father was a fisherman. Maybe he was as poor as we are.
• 听说，从前他爸爸是个打鱼的、他过去 也许跟我们现在一样穷。
• 增加表示逻辑关系的词语： • The strongest man cannot alter the law of nature. • 即使是最强有力的人也不能改变自然法 则。 • Suppose the preparatory work should not be completed. • 准备工作完不成，那可怎么办？
• There were rows of houses which he had never seen before.
• 一排排的房子，都是他从来没有见过的。 • The lion is the king of animals.
• 狮子是百兽之王。
• The mountains began to throw their long blue shadows over the valley.
第六讲 适当增添 清楚明了
• She was more royal than the royals. • 她比皇家成员更有皇家气质。 • She was small and slight in person, pale, sandy-haired. • 她身材瘦小，脸色苍白，头发是淡黄色的。 • She took the news very palely and calmly. • 她获悉这个消息的时候，脸色苍白，精神镇静。