英语专业英译汉第八讲共22页文档
英语专业8级英译汉。
1. Contrast Between English and ChinesePut the following into Chinese, pay special attention to the linguistic differences between English and Chinese.Sentence translation:1.Now that you are in for it, you must carry on.2.Cigarettes were the death of me.3.If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday eveningdoes not wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street.4.If you confer a benefit, never remember it; if you receive one, remember it always.5.Her sighs made it clear that she was unhappy.6.They had no running water where they lived. Nor did they have any conveniences of lifesuch as gas and electricity.7.Theatre will be reinvented and become much freer and more imaginative.8.Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may result inserious disease if certain important elements are missing.9.By the end of the war, 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of 200Belgian and French lives.10.It should be noted that he and she were extremely close allies.Passage translation:It seemed a point scored for her side when Joanne, panicked that her father-in-law would bungle the turnoff for the Pulaski Skyway, shattered the tip of her cigarette against the back of the seat and a live ash fell on the baby‟s belly. It went unnoticed for a second until Corinne screamed; then they all saw it, a little flea of fire glowing beside the perfect navel. Joanne jumped, and squealed with guilt, and flapped her hands and stamped her feet and hugged the baby against her, but the evidence could not be destroyed; a brown dot of char on the globe of immaculate skin. Corinne continued her screams, splicing them with shrill hard gasps of intake, while everyone rummaged through purses and pockets for Vaseline, butter, toothpaste – anything for an urgent. Mother had a tiny bottle of toilet water given her in a department store; Joanne dabbed some of this on, and in time Corinne, shaken by more and more widely spaced spasms of sobbing, mercifully dragged her injury with her into the burrow of sleep.2. Cohesion1.When Smith was drunk, he used to beat his wife and daughter; and the next morning, witha headache, he would rail at the world for its neglect of his genius, and abuse, with a gooddeal of cleverness, and sometimes with perfect reason, the fools, his brother painters.2.(When one individual inflicts bodily injury upon another, such injury that death results,we call the deed man-slaughter; when the assailant knew in advance that the injury would be fatal, we call his deed murder.) But when society places hundreds of proletarians in such a position that they inevitably meet a too early and an unnatural death, one which is quite as much a death by violence as that by the sword or bullet; when it deprives thousands of the necessaries of life, places them under conditions in which they cannot live – forces them, through the strong arm of the law, to remain in such conditions until that death ensues which is the inevitable consequence –knows that these thousands of victims must perish, and yet permits these conditions to remain, its deed is murder just as surely as the deed of the single individual; disguised, malicious murder, murder against which none can defend himself, which does not seem what it is, because no man sees the murderer, because the death of the victim seems a natural one, since the offence is more one of omission than that of commission. (But murder it remains.)3 Coherence1.In that infinitesimal fraction of time, inconceivable and immeasurable, during which thefirst atomic bomb converted a small part of its matter into the greatest burst of energy released on earth up to that time, Prometheus had broken his bonds and brought a new fire down to earth, a fire three million times more powerful than the original fire he snatched from the gods for the benefit of man some five hundred thousand years ago. 2.The chess board is the world, the pieces are the phenomena of the universe, the rules ofthe game are what we call the laws of nature. The player on the other side is hidden from us. We know that his play is always fair, just and patient. But we also know, to our cost, that he never overlooks a mistake, or makes the smallest allowance for ignorance.3.British newspapers –all of them some of the time, and some of them all the time –behave badly in two ways. They intrude unnecessarily and often hurtfully into people‟s privacy; and they publish inaccurate, sometimes made-up stories. The victims have little redress. If they are rich and the article is defamatory, they can sue for libel. Most cannot afford to do so, and even the rich cannot prevent an invasion of their privacy. Fierce competition, particularly between tabloid newspapers, leads to more feet in more doors.Translation of Idioms, Proverbs and SlangPlease translate the following passages:One afternoon I heard Imelda and her daughter arguing in the kitchen. Her daughter had quarreled with her husband‟s parents, and Imelda was insisting that she apologize to them.Her daughter o bjected. “But, Mama, I just can‟t swallow them, not even with honey. They talk so big until we need something; then they‟re too poor. So today when they wouldn‟t even lend enough to pay for a new bed, all I did was say something that I‟ve heard you say a h undred times: …If so grand, why so poor? If so poor, why so grand?‟”“Impertinent!” snorted Imelda. “Have I not also taught you, …what the tongue says, the neck pays for‟? I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders. And before you go to beg their pardon, change those trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. She always says, …what was hatched a hen must not try to be a rooster!‟”Her daughter made one more try. “But Mama, you often say, …If the saint is annoyed, don‟t pray to him until he gets over it.‟ Can‟t I leave it for tomorrow?”“No, no and no! Remember: …If the dose is nasty, swallow it fast.‟ You know, my child, you did wrong. But, …A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.‟ I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora‟s dinner. I will explain to the senora. Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. By the time you get back, I will have the cake ready for you to take to your mother-in-law. She will be so pleased that she may make your father-in-law pay for the bed. Remember: …One hand washes the other, but together they wash the face.‟”。
英译汉翻译技巧例句
第14页/共30页
• 2. 英文中的被动语态还可以译成汉语中的“由、受、遭到、靠、让、要、得到、 得以、可以、加以”等结构。如：
• If the stability can be maintained ,one of the worst features of the cycle will have been removed.
• It is unlucky to walk under a ladder in the western countries.
• 在西方，人走在梯子下面是不吉利的。
第12页/共30页
• 5. it 结构的语序调整：在英语里，主语可以后
置，前面用形式主语it 代替。在汉语里，主语
放在谓语的前面，不能用代词代替。在翻译“It +系动词+实际主语”的结构时， 主语应尽可 能提前，而且应该明确具体， 要将做真正主语 的不定式等连同后面的从句提前译在主语的位 置上。如：
第5页/共30页
4.英语介词副词→汉语动词
• He came to my home for help. • 他来到我家请求帮助。 • I love having Friday off. • 我喜欢周五休息。 • I am for the former. • I am against the latter.
第16页/共30页
四、从句的翻译
• （一）主语从句 • 1.以what ,whatever, whoever等代词引导的
主语从句翻译时一般可按照原文顺序翻译。 • 2.以it做形式主语所引出的真正的主语从句，翻
专八汉英段落翻译ppt课件
•
地板: wooden floor
• • 壁板: wall paneling
• • 蛀蚀: bore, worm-eaten; moth-eaten; eat away, damage
• • 一空: 一点不剩 nothing is left; …to nothing ; with nothing left; eat away all…
everyone’s taste; popular; be a household word; oft-
quoted
•
传统京剧： traditional Beijing operas,
traditional jingju opera
•
《白蛇传》：story; 此处的“传”字也可不翻译。
•
传记：biography; autobiography; life
一般的房屋受了严重的蚁害，有的 还会突然倒塌下来，伤了性命。
• 受了……害: be infested with; be affected by; suffer (severe damage) from; termite-ridden(充 满……的), be invaded by
• • 一般的房屋Ordinary houses(如果)受了严重的蚁 害: 此句为条件关系.
discipline; practice austerities（苦行）; practice spiritual
power
•
习武：practice martial arts/wushu
•
修炼,习武：两组词可以放在一块说，train oneself in
/practice magic power and martial arts
lecture大学英语专业英译汉PPT课件
②形容词前增加名词 10. This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine.
这台打字机真是物美价廉。 11. A new kind of aircraft – small, cheap, pilotless – is attracting increasing attention. 一种新型飞机正越来越引起人们的注意——这种飞机机身不大，价 格便宜，无人驾驶。
第2页/共28页
notional words
1) objects or physical actions 2) qualities, concepts or mental activities 3) thoughts, feelings, imaginations and morality.
functional words 1) the relation between different parts of the sentence 2)logical relations in meanings.
10. Very acute problems exist among them. 他们之间存在着种种非常尖锐的问题。第20页/共28页浅谈 Nhomakorabea译与美学
美学（aesthetics）的定义：研究自然 界、社会和艺术领域中美的一般规律与 原则的科学。主要探讨美的本质，艺术 与现实的关系，艺术创作的一般规律。
2. There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats, no “ordinary Chinese” with paper flags and bouquets of flowers.
没有发表讲话，没有各国外交官到场，也 没有“普通中国人”挥舞纸旗和花束的场 面。
大学英语翻译全教程(完美版)第8讲
第八讲翻译理论学习：1949年到文革前的翻译一、概述两个重要阶段1. 建国初到“文革”前的17年，2. 70年代末至今二、两次翻译工作会议1951年“第一届翻译工作会议”1954年“全国文学翻译工作会议”，三、17年翻译的大致情况1. 50年代初，俄苏文学作品和文学理论，东欧民主国家的文学作品。
2. 50年代中后期，欧美国家的文学，3. 50年代末至60年代初，亚非拉文学的译介受到重视，对欧美和苏联文学由正面译介转为批判性译介。
四、17年间重要翻译家和理论家张谷若，哈代的作品，翻译的特点是“地道”“四字格”，“注释”张友松：马克·吐温的作品王科一：《傲慢与偏见》、杨必：《名利场》杨苡：《呼啸山庄》叶君健：安徒生童话杨绛：《堂吉诃德》傅雷：法国文学翻译大师“重神似不重形似”《高老头》周作人：“音译名从主人”钱钟书。
“化境”翻译技巧学习：句子的翻译（一）：句子翻译概述一、词序调整（1）Even the wild animals of his homeland, it seemed to Kunta, had more dignity than these creatures. (Alex Haley, Roots)昆塔觉得，即使他家乡的野兽也比这群人自尊自重。
（插入语换序）（2）In this way an earlier and perhaps even greater crop might be obtained.用这种方法，庄稼可以早一点收获，收成或许更好些。
(定语换序)（3）From the moment they set foot on the territory of their motherland, they were warmly received by their compatriots.他们从走上祖国土地的时刻起，就受到同胞们热情接待。
（定语从句换序）（4）Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable.他们乐观、能干、热情，总是想方设法使你一路上顺利舒适。
现代大学英语 中文翻译8-10课
第八课仅仅不错而已杰里米·伯恩斯坦1．早在1981年．我收到过一份请柬，邀请我在宾西法尼亚州特拉华河沿岸过新泽西不远的某地召开的一次作家年会上做讲座。
我记不起确切的地点了，查看地图后我认为大概是在新望市。
我最开始的想法是拒绝。
理由很多。
首先我住在纽约，担任全职教学任务．周末对我来说很珍贵。
一想到为做个讲座周六天没亮就起床,驾着租来的车穿过整个新泽西州，实在不情愿。
我记得给的讲课费几乎不够行程所需的花费。
另外,让我讲的题目实际上已经不再是我的兴趣所在了。
我边写作边搞物理学研究，经常有人让我讲讲两者之间的联系。
人们一开始提问的时候，我觉得是值得讲一讲。
可是过了20年,我觉得惟一想要说的就是搞物理学和搞写作都极其困难，尤其是在你想两全其美的情况下。
2．大会的主题好像集中在诗歌上,于是我想起罗伯特·奥本海默过去自我介绍时的一件事。
由于奥本海默将在以下的故事中扮演重要的角色,我讲得详细点。
1925年奥本海默从哈佛毕业后，获得研究员的资格到欧洲学习。
在英国他的神经出了点儿毛病，度过了一段不愉快的时光之后，他去德国攻读博士学位。
在哥廷根．他师从著名的德国理论物理学家马克思·伯恩,并于1927年他23岁时获得了学位。
伯恩去世后对奥本海默的回忆录l975年出版,书中没有赞扬之词。
他写道，奥本海默“是伟大的天才，我从一件令人尴尬并惹麻烦的事上意识到他多么与众不同。
在上我的量子力学讨论课时，他经常打断别人的演讲,不管这个人是谁，连我在内，然后跨上讲台,拿起粉笔，说道：‘用下面的方法这道题可以做得更好。
”’实际上,研讨课上他的同学烦得要求伯恩制止这样的事情再次发生。
3．量子力学在此前一年由欧文·施罗丁格、沃纳·海森伯格和保罗·迪拉克创造。
第二年,迪拉克到哥廷根做客,碰巧住在一位名叫加里奥的物理学家的大房子里,奥本海默也住在那里。
迪拉克当时25岁。
两个年轻人成了朋友----此前还没有人能和迪拉克建立友谊。
英语专业翻译解析PPT文档共28页
16、人民应该为法律而战斗，就像为 了城墙 而战斗 一样。 ——赫 拉克利 特 17、人类对于不公正的行为加以指责 ，并非 因为他 们愿意 做出这 种行为 ，而是 惟恐自 己会成 为这种 行为的 牺牲者 。—— 柏拉图 18、制定法律法令，就是为了不让强 者做什 么事都 横行霸 道。— —奥维 德 19、法律是社会的习惯和思想的结晶 。—— 托·伍·威尔逊 20、人们嘴上挂着的法律，其真实含 义是财 富。— —爱献 生
谢谢你的阅读
❖ 知识就是财富 ❖ 丰富你的人生
71、既然我已经踏上这条道路，那么，任何东西都不应妨碍我沿着这条路走下去。——康德 72、家庭成为快乐的种子在外也不致成为障碍物但在旅行之际却是夜间的伴侣。——西塞罗 73、坚持意志伟大的事业需要始终不渝的精神。——伏尔泰 74、路漫漫其修道远，吾将上下而求索。——屈原 7
专八翻译授课课件
TEM 8 Translation
实考题：
替 代
饿了吃糠甜如蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。 Husks will taste like honey when you are hungry and vice versa.
TEM 8 Translation
省略【动词性省略】 对英语来说，省略是形合的补充，而对 汉语来说，省略是对意合的补充。英语 常常省略前面已经出现过的词语，汉语 则往往重复这些词语，英语习惯上不重 复词语。
[3] 加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口 却不足3，000万。 译文【1】Canada has vast land but a small number of people. It occupies more area than China does, but has only a population under 30 million. ( 没有按照英语句式的特点来组织译文，不连贯， 个别用词不确切） 译文【2】Canada is a country of remote land and small population, with its territory even bigger than China while its population is less than 30 million. （冠词遗漏，while从句与前句不平衡。但是它试 图超越原文句式框架，比较贴近英语句式的表达）
例句【2】 And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out.
英语专业八级翻译参考答案PPT教学课件
presence of a human
being unlike any other.
2020/12/10
5
PPT教学课件
谢谢观看
Thank You For Watching
2020/12/10
6
▪ 最为普遍的是，我们接触 书时怀有一种模糊且相抵 触的想法：要求小说情节 必须是真实的，要求诗歌 必须是虚构的，要求传记 必须是奉承的，要求历史 必须加强我们自己的认识。
2020/12/10
3
▪ If we could banish （消除） all such
▪ 假如我们读书时能消 除所有的先入之见，
批评，你就不能从阅读中
yourself from getting the 获得最大益处。如果你尽
fullest possible value
可能打开思路，那么极细
from what you read. But if 微的迹象和暗号都会从曲
you open your mind as
折婉转的语句中显现出来，
preconceptions when 那么读书将会有一个
we read, that would be an admirable （极
好的、绝妙的）
极好的开端。不要规 定作家做什么，要设 法站到他的立场去，
beginning. Do not
做作者的同道和他的
dictate to your author; “同谋”。
E-C
2020/12/10
1
▪
It is simple enough to say that since books have classes--- fiction, biography, poetry--we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people
英译汉第8讲翻译技巧之重复法连淑能英译汉教程
are enjoyed by the masses who uphold China’s socialist
construction.
我非常钦佩你们决心增强中国经济，并且决心保证使从事社
会主义建设的人民群众能够享受经济发展的成果。
2019/11/24
5
grammatical repetition
重复修饰语
7
grammatical repetition
重复几个宾语所共有的介词
Despite his versatility of talent and shiftiness of purpose, this man has in his whole lifetime been wedded to the most fossilized routine.
在适当的条件下，我们能把热能、机械能、以及其他形 式的能转化成电能。
2019/11/24
6
grammatical repetition
重复几个宾语所共有的动词或几个动词所共 有的宾语
We have to analyze and solve problems. 我们要分析问题，解决问题。
We have come here to express our gratitude
形容词重叠，表示程度的加重、加深、加强、 减轻或喜爱、厌恶等情绪
AA: 高高、厚厚、小小、长长、细细 A一/了A: 走一走、摇一摇、笑了笑、看了看 AABB: 干干净净、花花绿绿、歪歪斜斜 ABAB: 笔直笔直、通红通红、雪白雪白、崭新崭
新
2019/11/24
17
rhetorical reduplication and repetition
英译汉第八讲
12
英语反说， 二. 英语反说，译文正说
（二）副词
--- “I don’t know if I ought to have come,” she said breathlessly, grasping Phyl’s arm. “我不知道我该不该来，”她气喘吁吁地说，一把抓 我不知道我该不该来， 气喘吁吁地说， 地说 住菲尔的胳膊。 住菲尔的胳膊。
4
英语正说， 一. 英语正说，译文反说
（二）副词
--- We may safely say so. 我们这样说万无一失。 我们这样说万无一失。 万无一失 --- She got extremely excited before she reached her home. 还没到家，她就激动的不得了。 还没到家，她就激动的不得了。 不得了 --- They resumed their seats moodily. 他们不愉快地又坐了下来。 他们不愉快地又坐了下来。 不愉快地又坐了下来
7
英语正说， 一. 英语正说，译文反说
（五）连接词
--- The stranger had already gone before he hurried to the hotel. 还没有等他赶到旅馆，那个陌生人早已走了。 还没有等他赶到旅馆，那个陌生人早已走了。 等他赶到旅馆 --- She couldn’t sit still till her native country was free. 祖国不解放，她就不能袖手旁观。 祖国不解放，她就不能袖手旁观。 不解放 --- They would rather have the blue one than the green one. 他们宁愿要那个蓝色的，不愿要绿的。 他们宁愿要那个蓝色的，不愿要绿的。 要绿的
英语专业翻译【课件】
英汉对比与翻译: 1.包惠南、包昂《中国文化与汉英翻译》，外文2004. 2.陈定安《英汉比较与翻译》，中国对外翻译2006. 3.陈文伯《英汉成语对比与翻译》，世界知识2005. 4.何善芬《英汉语言对比研究》，上海外教社2002. 5.金惠康《跨文化交际翻译》，中国对外翻译2005. 6.李定坤《汉英辞格对比与翻译》，华中师大1994. 7.连淑能《英汉对比研究》，高等教育1993. 8.刘宓庆《新编汉英对比与翻译》，中国对外翻译2006. 9.潘文国《汉英语对比纲要》，北京语言大学2004. 10.彭宣维《英汉语篇综合对比》，上海外教社2000. 11.王德春《汉英谚语与文化》，上海外教社2001. 12.王菊泉、郑立信主编《英汉语言文化对比研究(1995-2003)》，上海外教社2004. 13.汪福祥《英美文化与英汉翻译》，外文2006. 14.王逢鑫《英汉比较语义学》，外文2001. 15.魏志成《英汉语比较导论》，上海外教社2003. 16.萧立明《英汉比较研究与翻译》，上海外教社2002. 17.熊文华，《汉英应用对比概论》，北京语言大学，1997. 18.杨丰宁《英汉语言比较与翻译》，天津大学2006. 19.张良军、王庆华、王蕾《实用英汉语言对比教程》，黑龙江人民2006. 20.赵世开主编《汉英对比语法论集》，上海外教社1999. 21.周志培《汉英对比与翻译中的转换》，华东理工2003. 22.朱永生、郑立信、苗兴伟《英汉语篇衔接手段对比研究》，上海外教社2001.
Hale Waihona Puke Lecture 1 Introduction
1.What is translation? 2.What is the function of translation? 3.Translation standards? 4.Translation methods? 5.The purposes of translation?
英语专业英汉翻译课件
Chapter I General Introduction 1. Introduction
1.1
Importance and aims of the translation course
1.1.1 Importance of the translation course
3.1
What do criteria mean? A criterion is an established standard, rule or principle on which a judgment is based. As a plumb-line for measuring professional level of translation. As a good set for translators to strive for
（柯平：英汉汉英翻译教程，北京大学出版社：2002： 13）
2．—Isn’t this tape-recorder yours? —Yes, it is. 不，是我的。 —No, it isn’t. 对，不是我的。（同上）
3. However, such measures touch only the tip, but not address the basis of the problem. 然而，这样的措施只不过是碰了碰 问题的尖端（改译：只不过是蜻蜓点水）， 并没有触及问题的根源。（同上）
1) To be beneficial to the study of languages 2) To share the cultural heritage of the world 3) To get a better understanding of different peoples 4) To lay a foundation for the further study and the future work 5) To meet the social needs 6) To realize goals of four-year education for English Majors . Compulsory course . On the course list of the syllabus
英语专业英译汉解析PPT学习教案
It will be a good farm all right when you rid it off 第t2h1页e/共w26页eed.
如果除掉杂草，这里肯定会是个
每周一位翻译家---马建忠
马建忠（1845-1900）清朝著名语言学家、翻 译评论家。字眉叔，江苏镇江人。自幼受中国 传统文化熏陶，稍长进入徐汇公学读书，掌握 了外语阅读能力 。
我们知道，由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能吸收 更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜也能看得很清楚。 （原因）
Many universities have “closed-circuit” television equipment that will telecast lectures and demonstrations to hundreds of students in different classrooms.
许多大学都配备了“闭路”电视设备，以便为各 个教室千百个学生进行电视讲授和演示。（目的）
第17页/共26页
翻译定语从句最后一点需要注 意的就是，有时定语从句被别 的成分将其与先行词分开了， 这样的句子的翻译方法与前面 所讲的没有什么不同，只是翻 译时必须注意原文的句法结构 和逻辑关联。
A new master will come 第18页/共26页 tomorrow who will teach you German.
They had no information whether he was still alive.
他是否还活着，他们毫无消息。
（转译为汉语第复12页句/共26页，名词分句成 分句）
定语从句的翻译
英语定语从句的翻译可根据其结构、功能 和意义等因素来考虑。句子较短、限制能 力较强的定语从句可译作前置定语，反之 就可译作后置的并列分句；结构较简单而 且含有定语从句的复合句，有时还可以译 成单句。
第八讲汉译英技巧指南
精神生活中来。
Meanwhile, the weak point and negative factors
involved in market operation will find expression in
people’s cultural life.
改译：We don’t think that environmental protection in this area is satisfactory. 例2. 人们来到武当山，其目的可不都是一样的。
原译：People come to Mount Wudang not with one and the same purpose.
改译：People do not come to Mount Wudang with one and the same purpose.
第十一页，编辑于星期五：十八点 四十一分。
2、汉语和英语在同一意思的表达上使用的词语或方式往往不 对应。必须把汉语的表达用词或方式变为英语的用词或方式， 不然就会译成“中式英语”。
can concentrate upon reading the wise of all times and all lands so as to absorb their brilliant ideas and extend your horizon. Or you
can do what ever you are interested in — such as finding
例1：王先生的家临近他的办公地点，要是下个雪什么 的，他上下班可就方便多了。
The vicinity of Mr. Wang’s home to his office building is an advantage in bad weather.