卷扬机的结构设计

摘要

卷扬机又称绞车。是起重垂直运输机械的重要组成部分，用来提升物料、安装设备等作业，由人力或机械动力驱动卷筒、卷绕绳索来完成牵引工作的装置。垂直提升、水平或倾斜曳引重物的简单起重机械。分手动和电动两种。现在以电动卷扬机为主。本次设计的10kN吨电动卷扬机是由电动机、连轴器、减速器、卷筒、排线器等组成。

本次设计的步骤是从钢丝绳开始入手，然后依次对卷扬机的卷筒、卷筒心轴、电动机、减速器齿轮、减速器轴、联轴器设计与选取。其中卷筒、卷筒轴、减速器的设计最为主要，本设计重点做了介绍，其余部分有得只是略作分析。

本次设计的卷筒机由于它结构简单、搬运安装灵活、操作方便、维护保养简单、对作业环境适应能力强等特点，可以应用于冶金起重、建筑、水利作业等方面，但是此次设计的卷筒机主要运用于用于10kN吨桥式吊车起升机构。提升重物是卷扬机的一种主要功能，各类卷扬机的设计都是根据这一要求为依据的。

关键词：卷扬机，卷筒，卷筒轴，减速器

Abstract

Hoist and winch. Is an important part of vertical lifting transport machinery, used to enhance the materials, installation of equipment operations, from human or mechanical power driven drum, winding traction rope to complete the installation work. Vertical, horizontal or inclined simple traction weight lifting machinery. Manual and electric two. Now to the main electric hoist. The design of the 10kN ton electric hoist is composed of motor, coupling, reducer, drum, cable etc..

The design procedure is to start from the wire rope, and then turn on the winch drum, drum spindle, motor, gear reducer, speed reducer shaft, coupling design and selection. Design of the drum, the drum shaft, most major reducer, the design focus is introduced, the rest is just a brief analysis.

The design of the drum machine because of its simple structure, flexible installation, convenient operation and carrying, simple maintenance, to adapt to the working environment ability is strong, can be applied to metallurgical crane, construction, operations and other water conservancy, but the design of the drum machine is mainly used for 10kN ton bridge crane hoisting mechanism. Lifting weights is a main function of hoist, design of various types of winches are according to the requirements for.

Keywords: hoist, drum, drum shaft, gear reducer

目录

摘要 (i)

目录................................................................................................................................. i ii 1.绪论 . (4)

1.1卷扬机的分类、特性及常见类型 (4)

1.1.1 分类及特性 (4)

1.1.2 卷扬机的常见类型 (4)

1.2国内卷扬机发展概况 (4)

1.2.1国内卷扬机发展概况 (4)

2.卷扬机结构设计及工作原理 (5)

2.1 基本结构 (5)

2.2 卷扬机的工作原理 (5)

3.卷扬机零件设计 (5)

3.1 卷扬机的设计参数 (5)

3.1.1 卷扬机的设计参数 (5)

3.1.2 电机的选择 (6)

3.2 减速器的设计计算 (6)

3.2.1齿轮的设计 (7)

3.2.2 轴的设计与校核 (13)

3.3 排线器轴及轴上零件设计与校核 (17)

2.3.1求作用在齿轮上的力 (18)

3.3.2 确定轴的尺寸 (18)

3.3.3 求轴上的载荷 (18)

3.3.4 键的选择与校核 (18)

3.4滚筒轴及轴上零件的设计与校核 (18)

3.4.1 求作用在齿轮上的力 (19)

3.4.2 确定轴的尺寸 (19)

3.4.3 求轴上的载荷 (19)

3.4.4 按弯扭合成应力校核轴的强度 (19)

3.4.5精确校核轴的疲劳强度 (19)

3.4.6 键的选择与校核 (20)

4.卷扬机使用时的注意事项 (21)

5.结论 (22)

参考文献 ...................................................................................................................... - 1 -致谢.............................................................................................................................. - 2 -