Because和for的用法不同之处

Because和for的用法不同之处

1，作为原因状语，because-分句位置灵活，而for-分句只可在主句之后

The doctor looks tired and sleepy because he sat up all night with the patient.

The doctor looks tired and sleepy, for he sat up all night with the patient.

2，由because引导的原因状语分句可以单独用来回答why-问句，而for-分句不行

---Why does the doctor look so tired and sleepy?

---Because he sat up all night with the patient.

3，作为原因状语，because-分句可在because前带否定词或其他修饰语，还可带某些并列连词，而for-分句不可以

The doctor looks tired and sleepy not because he isn’t feeling well, but because he sat up all night with the patient.

4，作为原因状语，because-分句可作分裂句中心成分，而for-分句不行

It is because he sat up all night with the patient that the doctor looks tired and sleepy.

5，连词for可以引导一个句子，为上文陈述的情况说明原因或提供理由，而because-分句通常引导从属分句，除用以回答why-问句外不单独出现

When I saw her in the river, I was frightened. For at that point the currents were dangerous.

在because，since，as这三个从属连词中，以because语势最强，since次之，as又次之。Because 通常表示“新信息”，即一种未知的原因，而since/as则表示已知原因。由于since/as分句通常表示已知原因，所以常常出现在句首，这也是它们与for-分句用法上不同的地方。

Though和although同义，在一般情况下可以互换。但although比though语气强烈，常用以强调让步概念

He insisted on doing it although I wanted him not to.

当让步分句指一种臆想的情况时，通常用though

Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.

Though everybody desert you, I will not.

引导某些让步状语分句通常也只能用though

Difficult though the task was, they managed to complete it in time.

Clever though he was, he failed the exam.

He’s welcome to come with us, ______ it won’t be too much of a strain for him to walk so far. A, provided B. as if C. unless D. since

有些动词ing或ed形式可以用做连词，引导原因、条件或让步状语分句，如seeing that（鉴于，由于），considering that，providing that，provided that（假如，以…为条件），supposing that （假如），given that（以…为条件），granted，granting that（假使），在许多情况下，that是不出现的。

一些常见缩略语

2G 2nd Generation Mobile Communications System 第二代移动通信系统

3G，3GMS 3rd Generation Mobile Communications System 第三代移动通信系统

3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project 第三代合作组织

AAA Authentication, Authorization, Accounting 鉴权、授权、计费

ANSI American National Standard Institute 美国国家标准组织

ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换标准码

ASP Application Server Process 应用服务器进程

ASP Access Service Provider 接入服务提供商

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode 异步传输模式

BIOS Basic Input Output System 基本输入输出系统

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access 码分多址接入

CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器

ADSL asymmetrical digital subscriber line 非对称数字用户线路

APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济全作组织

ATM Automated teller machine 自动提款机

BBS Aulletin board service 电子公告牌服务

CD Compact disc 激光唱片

CD-ROM Compact disc read-only memory 只读光盘

CPA Certified public accountant 注册会计师

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

DVD digital video disc 数字激光视盘

GDP gross domestic product 国内生产总值

GNP gross national product 国民生产总值

GPS global positioning system 全球定位系统

GRE Graduate Record Examination（美国等国家）研究生入学资格考试OPEC organization of the Petroleum Exporting Country 石油输出国组织

RAM random-access memory 随机存取存储器

ROM read-only memory 只读存储器

SCI science citation index 科学引文索引

SOHO Small office, home office 居家办公

TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language 托福（美国对非英语国家留学生的英语考试）WAP Wireless Access Protocol 无线接入协议

WAP Wireless Application Protocol 无线应用协议

IGO inter-government organization 政府间国际组织

LNG liquified natural gas 液化天然气

LPG liquified petroleum gas液化石油气

“失业”新说

career change opportunity chemical change transitioned

outplacement work force imbalance correction vocational relocation

indefinite idling executive cutting force reduction

personal surplus reduction reducing headcount redundancy elimination

release selective separation coerced transition involuntary separation

negotiated departure voluntary severance voluntary termination

decruitment degrowing dehiring deselection downsizing rightsizing(调整规模) schedule adjustment skill-mix adjustment work force adjustment

bag e.g. Just say the boss was willing to bag him.

Give somebody the bag 解雇某人；拒绝某人求婚