并列连词

并列连词

并列连词可表示多种意义，但主要有四种，即表示并列、转折、选择、因果等。注意并列连词在句子中位置比较固定，定位于所连接的语言单位之间，两个并列连词不能并用,而可以与从属连词并用。

1、表示并列关系的并列连词

（1）并列连词and的用法

①可以连接两个的词，多用于肯定句中。

Go and fetch something to eat.（连接两个动词如go, come等表示目的）去取些吃的东西来。

He started to shout and sing.他开始大叫并唱歌。

②连接两个句子，表示因果、对比、条件、假设、目的等。

They didn't catch the bus, and had to stay in a hotel for the night.他们没赶上汽车，只好在旅馆过夜。（因果）

Mary likes music and Lily is fond of sports.（对比）

Work hard and you will succeed.（条件，前面部分常为祈使句）如果你努力工作，就会成功

(祈使句+and/or+句子”前面的祈使句暗示一种条件，and/or后面的表结果。)（2）并列连词both…and, not only…but also, as well as的用法

①both…and意为：“不但…而且…；既…又…”，是并列连词，可以并列主语、宾语、表语、状语、谓语等成分。并列主语时谓语动词用复数形式。

Both New Y ork and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish.这位秘书不但能讲而且能写西班牙语。

Both teaching and research work are making great strides.教学与科研都在大踏步前进。

The delegates visited both New Y ork and Boston.代表们既访问了纽约，又访问了波士顿。

She both plays the piano and sings.她既会弹钢琴又会唱歌。

Both she and the headmaster were pleased with the boy.她和校长都喜欢这个男孩。The situation both at home and abroad is in our favor.国内外形势对我们都很有利。

②not only…but also意为：“不但...而且”，是并列连词，可以连接两个词，也可连接两个句子。其中，but also中的also可以省略。

a.连接两个成分

not only…but also可以连接句中所有的成分，连接并列主语时，其谓语动词根据就近原则，与所靠近的成分保持数的一致。

Not only the students but (also) their teacher is enjoying the movie.不仅学生们津津有味地看着这部电影，而且他们的老师也是如此。

He can speak not only French but (also) English.他不但会讲法而且会讲英语。

He not only had seen the film but also remembered what he had seen.他不仅看过那部影片，而且记得影片的内容。

b.并列两个句子

not only…but also可以连接两个句子，not only位于句首时，not only后的句子要倒装。

Not only is he a scientist, but also he is a fighter.

Not only was everything he had taken away, but his citizenship.不仅他的一切被拿走，而且他的国籍也被取消。

③as well as 其连词作用，表示“同、和、也”等。

The editors as well as the proofreaders are working overtime.编辑和校对者都在加班工作。

I have read his novels as well as his plays.我读过他的小说和剧本。

④when并列连词，意为“就在那时(=and then; at that time)”.表“当……的时候，突然……”，此时不用while替代，when的独特用法。；并列连词when连接的两个分句中，第一个分句表示的是背景，第二分句表示的是一种突然的，意想不到的情况或者过早发生的情况。

其句型有：

was/were doing sth. when …正在做某事，突然;

was/were about to do s th. when…正将做某事，突然;

had (just/hardly scarcely /) done sth when…刚（未）做完某事，突然;

was/were on the point of doing sth when…正将做某事，突然...

I was about to leave when the telephone rang.我刚想走，突然电话铃响了。

He was on the point of leaving when (suddenly) someone knocked at the door. 他刚要走就有人敲门。

2、表示转折关系的并列连词

这类连词连接两个含义不同的甚至是反义的词、短语或分句。常见的还有yet(然而)，while(而)，however(可是)等。其中while与but的区别在于:while表示对比，而but表示意义的转折。

Learning the guitar isn't difficult ,but you have to practice.学弹吉它并不难，但你得练习。

The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, but they will save us money in the long run. 改造城市需要花费很多的钱，但从长远来看还是省钱。

Rick was very successful. However, the last few years of his life were not happy ones.瑞克非常成功，然而他的晚年并不幸福。

Y ou like sports, while I'd rather read.你喜欢体育而我却喜欢读书。

She thought I was talking about her daughter, while in fact I was talking about my daughter. 她认为我是在谈论她的女儿，而事实上我在谈论我女儿。

注意：not…but意思为"不是…而是…"，在连接主语时，谓语动词要按就近原则，