(完整版)what与whatever引导的从句

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名词从句的译法

名词从句的译法

名词从句的译法英语名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。

翻译这类从句时,大多数可按原文的句序译成对应的汉语,但也可由一些其它处理方法。

现分述如下。

一、主语从句1.以what, whatever, whoever 等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。

1)What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是这些半真半假的东西而已。

2)Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression.他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。

3)Whoever has made a voyage up the Hudson must remember the Kaatskill Mountains.凡是在哈得逊河上游航行过的人是一定记得卡兹吉尔群山的。

2.以it 作形式主语所引出的真主语从句,翻译时视情况可以提前,也可以不提前。

(1)形式主语从句提前译,为了强调起见,it一般可以译出来,如果不需要强调,it也可以不译出来。

1) It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他参加不参加会议没有多大关系。

2) It is a fact that the U. S. S. R. has sent its fleet to all parts of the world.苏联已把它的舰队派往世界各地,这是事实。

3) It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后,竟然还能活着,这看来是不可想象的。

(2)形式主语从句不提前,it一般不需要译出来。

1) It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪,她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。

what从句的五种用法

what从句的五种用法

what从句的五种用法
1. “What 引导主语从句”:瞧瞧,“What he said really surprised me.”(他说的话真的让我很惊讶。

)就像一道闪电击中了你,让你瞬间清醒。

2. “What 引导宾语从句”:嘿,“I don't know what you want.”(我不知道你想要什么。

)这不就像在迷雾中寻找方向吗?
3. “What 引导表语从句”:哎呀呀,“This is what I need.”(这就是我所需要的。

)就如同在茫茫人海中找到了那个对的东西一样惊喜呀。

4. “What 引导同位语从句”:喏,“The news that he won the game made us happy.”(他赢得比赛的这个消息让我们高兴。

)这不就和久旱逢甘霖一样令人兴奋嘛。

5. “What 用于感叹句”:哇塞,“What a beautiful day!”(多美好的一天啊!)这简直就像给心灵来了一场愉悦的按摩呀。

我的观点结论:瞧瞧这些用法,多有意思呀!好好掌握 what 从句的这些用法,对我们的英语学习帮助可大啦!。

高中英语从句分析(完整版)

高中英语从句分析(完整版)

高中英语从句分析:(完整版)一、名词性从句1.引导词that,if,whether,which,what,who,whom,whose,whatever,whoever, whomever,whichever,how,when,where,why2.种类:(1)主语从句(引导词在句子中做了主语)①that引导的(其中that不做任何成分,只起连接作用)例:That he will come to the conference.Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.If 引导的主语从句只能用it作形式主语例:It is doubtful if the work can be completed on time.③连接代词、副词引导的例;What delights me is that ……(2)宾语从句(引导词在句子中做了宾语)①动词的宾语从句例:He told us (that) they would help us.②介词的宾语从句(后不跟that,跟wh-类连接词)例:Kate was interested in what she has seen at the park.③形容词的宾语从句(表情感的)例:I am not sure whether they will agree with us.(3)表语从句①Be动词之后的为表语从句例:This is what i am interested in.②注意:●主语名词为reason时,表语的引导词为that不用why和because。

●主句主语为advice,suggestion,order等,表语中的谓语动词用should +动词原形。

(4)同位语从句(引导词是名词,如fact等)①这个从句是用来解释,说明某一名词的内容和实质的。

例:The fact that counties are still suffering poverty is a big problem to the world.二.定语从句1.修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的句子。

新高考英语语法单词类讲义whatever语法知识点整理总结

新高考英语语法单词类讲义whatever语法知识点整理总结

新⾼考英语语法单词类讲义whatever语法知识点整理总结新⾼考英语语法单词类讲义whatever语法知识点整理总结英语语法:whatever1. 名词从句和whatever:相当于anything/everything/all + that(定语从句)Whatever和what⼀样,引出⼀个名词性从句,连词本⾝在从句中替代了⼀个名词成分。

与what 唯⼀不同的是它的强调语⽓。

例如:You can choose whatever you like.(宾语从句)你可选择你喜欢的任何东西。

Whatever happened between Julius and me is none of your business.(主语从句)朱丽和我之间发⽣的任何事都与你⽆关。

2. 状语从句和whatever:相当于no matter what,接从句。

Whatever引导状语从句,意思是“⽆论什么……、不管什么……”。

We must stay together whatever happens.不管发⽣什么,我们都要呆在⼀起。

Whatever happens in these elections, things will never be the same again.⽆论这些选举中发⽣什么,⼀切都不可逆转了。

He said there were ‘technical difficulties’, whatever that means.他说有些技术困难,不管是什么意思吧。

3. 限定词和whatever:相当于any——任何的,直接加名词。

(⾸先我们要知道什么是限定词:限定词出现在⼀个名词前、说明该名词是“哪⼀个”,例如a/an/the,this/that,every,some等。

Whatever作为限定词意思是“任何的……”。

)Whatever作为限定词,出现在三种情况中:第⼀、whatever+ 名词If you are unable to find work,for whatever reason, our advisers will be there to help you.如果你找不到⼯作,不管是什么原因,我们的顾问都会来帮助你。

what,whatever,who,whom,whomever的基本用法辨析

what,whatever,who,whom,whomever的基本用法辨析

1.What 和whatever都可以引导名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句),但意义略有不同。

What相当于the thing that,而whatever相当于anything that。

例句:1)What you need is a good meal. (主语从句)The thing that you need is a good meal.(先行词为the thing 的定语从句)2)I’ll give her what she needs. (宾语从句) (意为:我会给她她需要的东西。

)I’ll give her the thing that she needs. (先行词为the thing 的定语从句)3)I’ll give her whatever she needs. (宾语从句) (我会给她任何她需要的东西。

)I’ll give her anything that she needs. (先行词为the thing 的定语从句)比较2)和3)组例句体会what 和whatever在语义上的不同。

2.Whatever 可以引导让步状语从句,what不可以。

1)Whatever she needs, I’ll give it to her.2)You’ll have our support, whatever you decide.Whatever引导的状语从句可以转换为:no matter what引导的句子3)No matter what she needs, I’ll give it to her.4)You’ll have our support, no matter what you decide.5)I ’ve decided to leave tomorrow, no matter what (happens). 不管发生什么情况,我已决定明天走。

初中英语语法:whatever, whoever, whichever引导名词性从句

初中英语语法:whatever, whoever, whichever引导名词性从句

初中英语语法:whatever, whoever, whichever引导名词性从句1. whatever引导的名词性从句Whatever的意思是“所…的一切事或东西”,可视为what的强调说法,其含义大致相当于anything that,whatever在从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语:Whatever he did was right. 无论他做什么都是对的。

Give them whatever they desire. 他们想要什么就给他们什么。

I will just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。

Goats eat whatever (food) they can find. 山羊找到什么(食物)就吃什么(食物)。

I’m going to learn whatever my tutor wishes. 我将学习任何我的导师愿意我学的东西。

He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么,他就做什么。

Talk to me about whatever is troubling you. 给我谈谈任何使你烦恼的事。

One should stick to whatever one has begun. 开始了的事就要坚持下去。

She would tell him whatever news she got. 她得到的任何消息都会告诉他。

You can have whatever allowance you like. 你想要多少津贴就给你多少津贴。

2. whoever引导的名词性从句whoever的意思“任何…的人”,在意义上大致相当于 anybody who。

whoever在从句中可用作主语或宾语:I’ll take whoever wants to go. 谁想去我就带谁去。

She can marry whoever she chooses. 她愿意嫁谁就嫁谁。

whatever引导的让步状语从句

whatever引导的让步状语从句

whatever引导的让步状语从句
1. Whatever happens, I will always support you.不管发生什么,我都会支持你。

2. You can succeed in whatever you choose to do.不管你选择做什么,你都能成功。

3. Whatever the outcome, we did our best.不管结果如何,我们都尽了最大的努力。

4. I will go for a walk, whatever the weather is like.不管天气如何,我都要去散步。

5. Whatever difficulties you face, don’t give up.不管你面临什么困难,都不要放弃。

6. She will help you, whatever you ask her to do.不管你让她做什么,她都会帮助你。

7. Whatever they say, I believe in myself.不管他们怎么说,我都相信自己。

8. You should enjoy your life, whatever challenges arise.不管遇到什么挑战,你都应该享受生活。

9. Whatever the reason, we cannot change our plans now.不管是什么原因,我们现在不能改变我们的计划。

10. He will forgive you, whatever mistakes you make.不管你犯什么错误,他都会原谅你。

36第三章WhatWhatever引导的主语从句

36第三章WhatWhatever引导的主语从句

36第三章WhatWhatever引导的主语从句第三章 | What/Whatever引导的主语从句今天这篇文章是要教大家顿悟What/Whatever引导的主语从句。

前面几讲我们主要讲解了that引导的主语从句,其主要结构为It+is+xx+that或者It+xx+that形式,属于主语从句倒装(主语从句后置)的情况。

今天我们将讲解what和whatever引导主语从句的内容。

语法名词:主语从句的引导词what/whatever核心讲解:我们首先来看两个例子:1. 什么造成了这次事故还是未知的(造成这次事故的原因还是未知的)What caused the accident remains unknown.这个句子的主语是“what caused the accident(什么造成了这次事故)”,这是一个完整的句子,其由what引导,what在从句中充当主语,表示“什么(原因)”,其含义比较模糊,并不明确。

2. 当你们正在打击敌人时,不论你们想要什么都能够被提供。

It can be provided whatever you want while you are fighting the enemy.主语谓语这个句子真正的主语是“whatever you want while you are fighting the enemy”,whatever是引导词,在句中充当宾语,表示“不论什么(东西)”,其含义比较模糊,并不明确。

由于主语从句太长,所以倒装。

这句话的原型是:Whatever you want while you are fighting the enemy can be provided.我们来对比一下that和what/whatever引导的主语从句,可知that引导主语从句时,本身没有任何含义,而且在从句中并不充当任何成分。

但what/whatever 引导主语从句时,译为“什么/不论什么…”,虽然有含义但是比较模糊,并且在从句中充当一定成分(比如主语或宾语)。

汇总whatever用法

汇总whatever用法

whatever用法整理人尼克连接代词1. 连接代词的用法。

连接代词主要包括who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever, whosever 等,它们在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,可以引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句:I don't know who he is. 我不知道他是谁。

What he says sounds reasonable. 他说的话听起来很有道理。

The question is who(m) we should trust. 问题是我们该信任谁。

I'll take whoever wants to go. 谁想去我就带谁去。

Take whichever seat you like? 你喜欢坐哪个座位就坐哪个?I will just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。

注:who, whom, whoever 等不用于名词前作定语。

2. what 的两种用法。

请看以下两个句子:I didn't know what he wanted. 我不知道他想要什么。

I gave her what she wanted. 我给了她想要的一切。

上面第一句中的what 表示“什么”,带有疑问的意味;第二句中的what 表示“所…的一切事或东西”,其意义上大致相当于that (those) which, the thing (things) that, anything that, all that, as much as 等,又如:What [=That which] you say is quite true. 你说的完全是事实。

He saves what [= all that] he earns. 他赚多少,积蓄多少。

Call it what [= anything that]you please. 你喜欢叫它什么就叫它什么。

定语从句的用法讲解whatwhateverthat

定语从句的用法讲解whatwhateverthat

定语从句的用法讲解whatwhateverthat
定语从句的用法讲解what/whatever/that
18.8 what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever
1)what = the thing which;whatever = anything
What you want has been sent here.
Whatever you want makes no difference to me.
2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who
(错)Who breaks the law will be punished.
(错)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.
(对)Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
(对)Who robbed the bank is not clear.
3) that 和 what
当that引导定语从句时,通常用作关系代词,而引导名词性从句时,是个不充当任何成分的连接词。

宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。

What只能引导名词性从句,用作连接代词,作从句的具体成分,且不能省略。

I think (that) you will like the stamps.
What we need is more practice.
【定语从句的用法讲解what/whatever/that】。

Whatever的用法课件18张--2022届高考英语复习

Whatever的用法课件18张--2022届高考英语复习

②、用于引导让步状语从句
引起让步状语从句时,等于no matter what.
Whatever we said, he'd disagree. Whatever happened I must be calm. We’ll go along together whatever
happens. Don’t lose heart whatever difficulties you meet.
12. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do whatever it takes to save her life.
13. _W__h_o_e_ver wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.
6.-- How about camping this weekend, just for a change? -- OK, whatever you want.
7. As a new graduate, he doesn’t know __w__h_at __ it takes to start a business here.
4. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose w__h_ichev_e_r suits you best.
5.We promise _w_h__o_ever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
2、表达方法:
①、直接引导从句 I’ll just say whatever comes into my head. Whatever you do, I won't tell you my

what和whatever引导宾语从句的区别

what和whatever引导宾语从句的区别

what和whatever引导宾语从句的区别What和whatever引导宾语从句的区别引导宾语从句的词语在英语中有很多种,其中what和whatever是比较常见的两个。

它们在引导宾语从句时有一定的区别,本文将分步骤解释它们的区别。

1. 什么是宾语从句?在理解what和whatever引导宾语从句的区别之前,首先需要了解什么是宾语从句。

宾语从句是一个句子中的成分,用来充当动词的宾语,通常由连接词引导。

比如,在句子“I don't know what the answer is.”中,“what the answer is”就是一个宾语从句。

2. What引导宾语从句的用法What通常用来引导一个具体的宾语从句,指代一个特定的事物或情况。

在句子中,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。

例如:- I don’t know what to do.(我不知道该做什么。

)- She showed me what she had bought.(她向我展示了她买了什么。

)在以上例子中,what引导的宾语从句分别充当了不同的语法角色。

3. Whatever引导宾语从句的用法与what不同,whatever通常用来引导一个泛指的宾语从句,表示不限定特定事物或情况。

它通常用于肯定句中,表达“无论什么”、“不管什么”的意思。

例如:- I will eat whatever you cook.(我会吃你做的任何东西。

)- You can do whatever you want.(你可以做你想做的任何事。

)在以上例子中,whatever引导的宾语从句表示不限定特定的事物或情况,而是包括了所有可能的情况。

4. 区别总结可以看出,what和whatever在引导宾语从句时最主要的区别在于具体性和泛指性。

What引导的宾语从句通常指代特定的事物或情况,而whatever则表示不限定特定的事物或情况,包括所有可能的情况。

whatever和no-matter-what的区别

whatever和no-matter-what的区别

whatever和no matter what的区别whatever可以引导让步状语从句,也可引导名词性从句。

whatever引导让步状语从句时,可以换成no matter what; 引导名词性从句时,相当于anything that, 不能用no matter what替代,因为no matter what只能用来引导让步状语从句。

如:Whatever (=No matter what) you do, you should do it we ll. 无论你做什么事情,都要做好。

I'll do whatever (=anything that) I can to help you. 我将尽力帮你。

Don’t trust him, no matter what he says.无论他说什么,都别信。

(让步状语从句)Wherever you go , whatever you do , I will be right here waiting for you .无论你走到哪里,无论你做什么,(让步状语从句)Whatever you do,do it well (让步状语从句) whatever作连接代词引导名词从句:主语从句、宾语从句,意思是“所……的任何事情”。

如:Whatever she did was right. 她所做的一切都是对的。

(主语从句)You can take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。

(宾语从句)whatever作连接形容词,意为"无论什么样的"。

应当注意, 此用法的whatever必须同其被修饰的词一起放在从句前引导从句。

如:I can do whatever work I can find.我可以做我能找到的任何工作。

Whatever difficulties we meet, we can work them out.无论遇到什么困难,我们都能解决它们。

whatever和nomatterwhat的区别

whatever和nomatterwhat的区别

whatever和nomatterwhat的区别区别:引导名词性从句,只用whatever,不能用no matter what。

引导状语从句,whatever和no matter what可换用。

whatever的用法Whatever有两个用法,一是引导名词性从句(如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句),二是用于引导让步状语从句。

1.用于引导名词性从句:Whatever she did was right.她做的一切都是对的。

2.用于引导让步状语从句:Whatever we said, he'd disagree.无论我们说什么,他都不同意。

no matter what的用法No matter what只能引导让步状语从句(不能引导名词性从句),其意为“无论什么”。

如:No matter what happened, he would not say a word.不管发生什么情况,他一句话都不肯讲。

Whatever与no matter what例题It is generally considered unwise to give a child____he or she wants.A.whatever B.no matter what C.whenever D.no matter when此题应选A。

容易误选B。

选项C,D显然是错的,因为句中的wants缺宾语,而C,D 两项不能作宾语。

至于C,D的区别,可这样描述:no matter what只能引导状语从句,而不引导名词性从句。

而whatever既可引导名词性从句(=anything that),也可引导状语从句(=no matter what):1.引导名词性从句(只用whatever):无论他做什么都是对的。

Whatever he did was right.2.引导状语从句(两者可换用):无论你说什么,我都不会相信你。

Whatever you say,I won't believe you.No matter what you say,I won't believe you.感谢您的阅读,祝您生活愉快。

what whatever引导主语从句的区别

what whatever引导主语从句的区别

what whatever引导主语从句的区别摘要:1.主语从句的定义和作用2.What引导的主语从句3.Whatever引导的主语从句4.两者之间的区别和应用场景5.练习和总结正文:在日常英语学习中,主语从句是一种常见的句子结构。

主语从句作为整个句子的主语,承担着表达句子主题的重要任务。

在主语从句中,what和whatever这两个词有着关键性的作用。

接下来,我们将详细探讨它们的区别和如何正确使用它们。

首先,我们来了解一下主语从句的定义和作用。

主语从句作为句子的一部分,通常位于谓语动词之前,承担着表达句子主题的责任。

例如:- What she said is true.(她说的是真的。

)- Whatever he does, I will support him.(无论他做什么,我都会支持他。

)在这两个例子中,what和whatever分别引导了主语从句。

接下来,我们来分析一下它们之间的区别。

1.What引导的主语从句What引导的主语从句主要用于表示事物或概念。

在主语从句中,what起到了概括和抽象的作用。

例如:- What worries me is his health.(让我担心的是他的健康。

)- What we need is more cooperation.(我们需要的是更多的合作。

)2.Whatever引导的主语从句Whatever引导的主语从句则表示无论什么,强调一种条件或限制。

在主语从句中,whatever起到了限定作用。

例如:- Whatever you do, don"t give up.(无论你做什么,都不要放弃。

)- Whenever she needs help, she can count on me.(无论何时她需要帮助,她都可以依靠我。

)通过以上分析,我们可以看出,what和whatever在引导主语从句时,分别起到了概括抽象和限定作用。

在实际应用中,我们需要根据句子的语境和主题,选择合适的词来引导主语从句。

(完整版)what与whatever引导的从句

(完整版)what与whatever引导的从句

(完整版)what与whatever引导的从句what与whatever引导的从句作者:佚名文章来源:本站原创点击数:777 更新时间:2014-6-28what与whatever引导名词性从句的区别what和whatever作为引导词来引导从句,它们之间到底有什么异同点?what只能引导名词性从句,如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,whatever既可以引导名词性从句,又可以引导让步状语从句。

一、what引导名词性从句what引导名词性从句时,可在主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中充当成分,其意思主要有以下两种:一是含有疑问含义,表示“什么……”;二是相当于“名词/代词+关系代词引导的定语从句”结构,意为“……的事情/东西/样子/颜色”等。

下面我们看看what在句中的意思以及相应的句子转换。

1. I have tried my best to do what I can to help him.为了帮助他,我已经尽我的最大努力去做我所能做的事情。

what引导宾语从句,在句中相当于the thing that。

2. Before a problem can be solved,it must be obvious what the problem is.在解决问题前,我们必须要弄清楚问题是什么。

it 为形式主语,what引导主语从句,且在从句中作表语,what 在句中意为“什么”,表示疑问。

3. Do you have any idea what is actually going on in the classroom?你知道教室里正在发生什么事情吗?what引导同位语从句,此处what也表示疑问,意为“什么”,且what在从句中作主语。

4. —Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?—Oh,that’s ____.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited解析:答案为A。

whatever的详细用法总结

whatever的详细用法总结

whatever的详细用法总结今天给大家带来whatever的用法,让我们一起来学习吧。

下面就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。

whatever的用法一、引导名词性从句(如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句)Whatever she did was right.她做的一切都是对的。

I will do whatever you wish.我可做任何你想我做的事。

Give them whatever they desire.他们想要什么就给他们什么。

Whatever I have is at your service.我所有的一切都由你使用。

You may do whatever you want to do.无论你想做什么事,你都可以做。

I’ll just say whatever comes into my head.我想到什么就说什么。

One should stick to whatever one has begun.开始了的事就要坚持下去。

She would tell him whatever news she got.她得到的任何消息都会告诉他。

I’m going to learn whatever my tutor wishes.我将学习任何我的导师愿意我学的东西。

College students are seen doing whatever work they can find. 我们可以看到,只要有工作,大学生们什么都干。

Do whatever she tells you and youll have peace.她叫你干什么你就干什么,那你就太平了。

二、是用于引导让步状语从句Whatever we said, hed disagree.无论我们说什么,他都不同意。

Whatever happened I must be calm.不管发生什么情况我都要镇静。

We’ll go along together whatever happens.不管发生什么情况我们都要起干。

2019年12月英语四级语法考点:what/whatever;that/what; who/whoe

2019年12月英语四级语法考点:what/whatever;that/what; who/whoe

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1)what=the thing which;wh atever=anything
What you want has been sent here.
Whatever you want makes no difference to me.
2) who=the person that whoever=anyone who
(错)Who breaks the law will be punished.
(错)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.
(对)Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
(对)Who robbed the bank is not clear.
3) that 和what
当that引导定语从句时
,通常用作关系代词,而引导名词性从句时,是个不充当任何成分的连接词。

宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。

What只能引导名词性从句,
用作连接代词,作从句的具体成分,且不能省略。

I think (that) you will like the stamps.
What we need is more practice.
1。

名词性从句的翻译技巧

名词性从句的翻译技巧

名词性从句的翻译技巧主语从句1.用what, whatever, whoever, when ,whether, where, why, how 等来引导主语从句,按照原句的顺序来翻译。

一路上所见所闻给我留下了十分深刻的印象。

他来不来都没关系。

任何值得做的事情都应该做好。

What I saw and heard on my trip left me a very deep impression.Whether he comes or not makes no difference.Whatever is worth doing should be done well.2.用it作形式主语来翻译A. “It +谓语(表语)+that / whether…”句型你来不来参加会议我不在乎。

她居然对我们说谎,这真是不可思议。

It doesn’t make much difference to me whether you attend the meeting or not.It seemed incredible that she should have lied to us.B. “It+被动语态+that”句型这种句子在汉语里常常是主动句,含有“大家”“我们”“有人”“人们”等泛指性的主语,或是以“据……”开头。

据报道,这个会议将在12月举行。

众所周知,职业体育运动在美国非常普及。

It is reported that the conference will be held in December.It is well known that professional sports are popular in the United States.宾语从句1) 以that, what, how等引导的宾语从句,一般按原句顺序翻译。

我告诉他我不得不拒绝他。

你没听见我的话吗?我告诉他,这个机会对我有着多么大的吸引力。

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what与whatever引导的从句
作者:佚名文章来源:本站原创点击数:777 更新时间:2014-6-28
what与whatever引导名词性从句的区别
what和whatever作为引导词来引导从句,它们之间到底有什么异同点?what只能引导名词性从句
,如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,whatever既可以引导名词性从句,又可以引导让
步状语从句。

一、what引导名词性从句
what引导名词性从句时,可在主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中充当成分,其意思
主要有以下两种:一是含有疑问含义,表示“什么……”;二是相当于“名词/代词+关系代词引导的
定语从句”结构,意为“……的事情/东西/样子/颜色”等。

下面我们看看what在句中的意思以及相应的句子转换。

1. I have tried my best to do what I can to help him.
为了帮助他,我已经尽我的最大努力去做我所能做的事情。

what引导宾语从句,在句中相当于the thing that。

2. Before a problem can be solved,it must be obvious what the problem is.
在解决问题前,我们必须要弄清楚问题是什么。

it 为形式主语,what引导主语从句,且在从句中作表语,what在句中意为“什么”,表示疑问。

3. Do you have any idea what is actually going on in the classroom?
你知道教室里正在发生什么事情吗?
what引导同位语从句,此处what也表示疑问,意为“什么”,且what在从句中作主语。

4. —Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
—Oh,that’s ____.
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
解析:答案为A。

此题考查what引导的表语从句,what在从句中作主语,意为“……的事情”,
what在句中相当于the thing that。

5. A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
解析:答案为A。

句意为“在十年前还是废墟的地方修建了一座现代化城市”。

该题极易受“介
词+关系代词”引导定语从句的干扰,其实in后应看成宾语从句,且从句中缺少主语。

此处what引导
介词in的宾语从句,相当于 a place that,意为“……的地方”。

6. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft
sands make ____ it is.
A. what
B. which
C. how
D. where
解析:答案为A。

句意为“这里的海滨每年夏天都会吸引大量游客,温暖的阳光和松软的沙滩便
是其魅力所在”。

此题考查what引导的宾语从句,what在从句中作is的表语,意为“……的样子”,
what在句中相当于the appearance that。

二、whatever引导名词性从句
1. She is very dear to me. We have been prepared to do ____ it takes to save her
life.
A. whichever
B. however
C. whatever
D. whoever
解析:答案为C。

句意为“她对我们来说非常珍贵,我们已经准备好为她做一切事情来挽救她的
生命”。

此题考查whatever引导的宾语从句,且whatever在从句中作takes的宾语。

2. I’m always ready to do whatever the Party demands.
我总是乐意做党要求做的任何事情。

whatever在句中引导宾语从句,相当于anything that。

3. Whatever I do is none of your business.
我所做的任何事情都与你无关。

whatever引导主语从句,意为“所……的任何事情”,其语气较强,概念较笼统。

4. It is very hard for Mary to work there,for whatever she does can’t satisfy her
玛丽很难在那里工作,因为她做的任何事情都不能使她的老板满意。

whatever在句中引导主语从句,意为“所……的任何事情”,相当于anything that。

whatever引导名词性从句,是what的强势语,whatever可在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语
,意为“所……的任何(一切)事(东西)”,相当于“anything +定语从句”,强调不同的情况,
具有泛指的概念。

what引导名词性从句,意为“……的事情”,表示具体情况,语气比whatever 要弱。

三、whatever引导让步状语从句whatever除了可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,意
为“无论什么”,相当于no matter what,此处what不能代替whatever。

当whatever引导让步状语从
句时,从句既可放主句之前,也可放主句之后;只是当whatever引导让步状语从句时,我们一般在主
从句中间加逗号,而主句放句首时中间不加逗号。

如:
1. Whatever you do in the future,you must obey the rules.
无论你今后做什么,你都要遵守规则。

此句我们也可以这样说:You must obey the rules whatever you do in the future.
2. Please stay calm whatever happens.
此句我们也可以这样说:Whatever happens,you must stay calm.
无论发生什么事情,你都要保持冷静。

3. You will have our full support whatever you decide.
此句我们也可以这样说:Whatever you decide,you will have our full support.
无论你作出什么决定,你都会得到我们的全力支持。

注意:whatever 既可引导让步状语从句,又可引导名词性从句,no matter what只能引导让步
状语从句,不能引导名词性从句。

在一般情况下,如果选项中既有whatever,又有no matter what
时,我们常选whatever。

如:
4. ____ he does has nothing to do with me.
A. No matter what
B. Whatever
解析:答案为B。

句意为“无论他做什么都跟我没有关系”。

no matter what 只能引导让
从句,不能引导名词性从句。

whatever既可以引导让步状语从句,也可以引导名词性从句。

whatever
在句中引导主语从句,在主语从句中作宾语。

5. ____ was said here must be kept secret.
A. Whatever
B. No matter what
解析:答案为A。

句意为“我们在这儿说的无论什么都必须保密”。

whatever在句中引导主语从句,在主语从句中作主语。

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