2013年9月公共英语一级真题答案
公共英语一级(B)-18-2_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
公共英语一级(B)-18-2(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)第一部分听力第一节图片判断在本节中，你将听到5个句子或对话，每个句子配有[A]、[B]、[C]三幅图片，请选择与句子或对话内容相符合的一幅图片，并标在试卷的相应位置。
每句话后有15秒钟的停顿，以便选择图片并看下一组图片。
每个句子或对话读两遍。
SSS_SIMPLE_SIN1.A B C该问题分值: 2答案:A[听力原文]I want to send this letter by airmail．[解析] 根据“我想空递这封信。
”可知与图片A相符。
所以应选A。
SSS_SIMPLE_SIN2.A B C该问题分值: 2答案:B[听力原文]Your Chinese is very good．[解析] 根据“你的中文很好。
”可知与图片B相符。
所以应选B。
SSS_SIMPLE_SIN3.A B C该问题分值: 2答案:A[听力原文]It's raining outside．[解析] 根据“外面在下雨。
”可知与图片A相符。
所以应选A。
SSS_SIMPLE_SIN4.A B C该问题分值: 2答案:C[听力原文]Cat likes eating fish．[解析] 根据“猫喜欢吃鱼。
”可知与图片C相符。
所以应选C。
SSS_SIMPLE_SIN5.A B C该问题分值: 2答案:A[听力原文]Today is my birthday．[解析] 根据“今天是我的生日。
”可知与图片A相符。
所以应选A。
第二节对话应答在本节中，你将听到10个简短话语，请从[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出一个最佳应答．并标在试卷的相应位置。
每个话语后有20秒钟的停顿，以便选择答案和阅读下一个问题。
每个话语读两遍。
SSS_SINGLE_SEL6.A Very interesting.B Yes, it is.C No, it isn't.该问题分值: 2答案:A[听力原文]What do you think of the book?[解析] 听力原文：What do you think of the book?意为：你认为这本书怎么样?询问某人对某事或某物的看法，应该回答具体的看法，其中只有A是，而且这是特殊疑问句,不能用Yes或No回答。
2014年9月公共英语一级真题及答案解析
2014年9月公共英语一级真题及答案解析(1~5/共10题)听力理解图片判断在本节中，你将听到10个句子，每句话配有[A]、[B]、[C]三幅图片，请选择与句子内容相符合的一幅图片，并标在试卷的相应位置。
每句话后有15秒钟的停顿，以便选择图片并看下一组图片。
每句话读两遍。
下面，请听这些句子。
Play00:0001:51Volume第1题图片A.B.C.第2题图片A.B.C.第3题图片A.B.C.第4题图片A.B.C.第5题图片A.B.C.下一题(6~10/共10题)听力理解图片判断在本节中，你将听到10个句子，每句话配有[A]、[B]、[C]三幅图片，请选择与句子内容相符合的一幅图片，并标在试卷的相应位置。
每句话后有15秒钟的停顿，以便选择图片并看下一组图片。
每句话读两遍。
下面，请听这些句子。
Play00:0001:53Volume第6题图片A.B.C.第7题图片A.B.C.第8题图片A.B.C.第9题图片A.B.C.第10题图片A.B.C.上一题下一题(11~15/共15题)听力理解对话应答请从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Play00:0002:27Volume第11题Is it raining outside now?A.Yes, it is.B.No, it isn´t.C.Yes, it isn´t.第12题Why does the woman think the old man looks serious?A.He´s kind to us.B.She often helps us.C.He never smiles to us.第13题Why is the woman visiting Hongkong?A.For holiday.B.For business.C.To visit her mother.第14题What will the woman probably do?A.Leave for home.B.Check the language lab.C.Lock the language lab.第15题Will Jane see her uncle tomorrow?A.Yes, she will.B.No, she won´t.C.She hasn´t decided.上一题下一题(16~20/共15题)听力理解对话应答请从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
2010年9月全国公共英语等级考试一级真题及答案(文字版)
2010年9月全国公共英语等级考试一级真题及答案（文字版）66．A【精析】句意：什么使老师感到开心？细节题。
从文章第一段“I aria happy that you have madenew friends from around the world．”可以看出，选项A符合题意。
67．A【精析】句意：从这封信中我们可以知道这些学生______?细节题。
从文中最后一段“Youcame from manydifferent parts of the world tothis class．”可知这些学生来自世界各地，故选项A符合题意。
68．B【精析】句意：第5行单词“it”指什么?猜词题。
从文中第二段“You are learning a new language and a new culture．”可以推测出…it’指的是学习新语言和新文化。
故选项B符合题意。
69．C【精析】句意：下面哪一项是老师的建议?细节题。
从文章中第5条建议“Youare goingthrough many difficulties now．But rememberthatthese difficulties will make you stronger inthe future．”可以看出教师希望学生不要畏惧困难，故选项C符合题意。
70．C【精析】句意：老师为什么要写这封信?第四部分写作第一节改写句子71．Since72．makes73．Before第二节书面表达74．【高分范文】Dear Mr．Howell，My nanle is Li Min and my uncle told me that you’retraveling in China．Since you’re the best friend of myuncle，I am looking forward to meeting you in person．And I believe that I Can be the best guide during your Va．cation in China．Hope to See you soon!Best wishes!Yours，LiMin【写作点睛】(1)电子邮件中，邮件形式和句子长度不要太单调，有时短句和长句相夹显得灵活。
9月公共英语一级考试真题及答案阅读
9月公共英语一级考试真题及答案阅读第三部分阅读第一节短文理解1阅读下面短文，从A.(Right)、B.(Wrong)、C.(Doesn’t say)三个判断中选择一个正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Buford is the smallest town in the US. The town is high in the mountains and it lies on the road between New York and California. The town has a beautiful view (景色 )of the Rocky Mountains. It also has very cold winters and a lot of wind. In the past, the town had almost 2,000 people. Now it is well-known in the US because it has a population ( 人口) of one person, Don Sammons.Don works in his own shop ten hours per day and he is also head of the town. Almost 1,000 people visit his shop every day in summer. But in winter, he has only about 100 visitors a day.Don has lived in the town for 32 years but he has decided to leave it now. His house and shop are for sale (出售) now. The postoffice and school house are for sale, too.You can know more about this town in a TV program. In the program, Don tells the story about the little town and welcomes everyone to Buford.56. Buford is a town in the mountains.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say57. There are nearly 2,000 people living in Buford.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say58. There are no visitors to Don's shop in winter.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say59. Don has made up his mind to leave Buford.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say60. The TV program about Buford lasts about an hour.A. RightB. WrongC. Doesn't say第二节短文理解2阅读下列短文，从A.、B.、C.三个选项中选择一个正确答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
公共英语一级-369_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
公共英语一级-369(总分86, 做题时间90分钟)第一部分听力理解第一节图片判断在本节中，你将听到10个句子，每句话配有[A]、[B]、[C]三幅图片，请选择与句子内容相符合的一幅图片。
每句话后有10秒钟的停顿，以便选择图片并看下一组图片。
每句话读两遍。
SSS_SIMPLE_SIN1.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:B[听力原文]I was having my lunch when you called yesterday.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN2.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:C[听力原文]It seems clearing up. All the dark clouds are gone and the sun is coming out.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN3.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:B[听力原文]I hurt my foot while playing football yesterday.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN4.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:B[听力原文]I enjoy dancing with my friends.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN5.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:A[听力原文]I'm going to buy a birthday card because his birthday is coming soon.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN6.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:C[听力原文]I don't often eat out. I enjoy cooking in my own kitchen.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN7.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:B[听力原文]My little sister loves her dog very much.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN8.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:A[听力原文]I don't like cleaning the floor.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN9.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:B[听力原文]The coat cost 350 Yuan.SSS_SIMPLE_SIN10.A B C该问题分值: 1答案:C[听力原文]We went to Hong Kong by air last winter.第二节对话理解在本节中，你将听到15段对话，每段对话有一个问题。
国家公共英语一级笔试历年真题试卷汇编9_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
国家公共英语（一级）笔试历年真题试卷汇编9(总分148, 做题时间90分钟)1. 听力理解第一节图片判断在本节中，你将听到10个句子或对话，每个句子或对话配有[A]、[B]、[C]三幅图片。
请选择与句子或对话内容相符合的一幅图片，并标在试卷的相应位置。
每句话后有15秒钟的停顿，以便选择图片并看下一组图片。
每个句子或对话读两遍。
SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.ABC分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL2.ABC分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL3.ABC分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL4.ABC分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL5.BC分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL 6.ABC分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL 7.ABC分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL 8.ABC分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL 9.ABC分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL 10.AB分值: 2答案:A第二节对话理解在本节中，你将听到15个对话，每个对话有一个问题。
请从[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出答案，并标在试卷的相应位置。
每段对话后有15秒钟的停顿，以便回答问题和阅读下一问题及其选项。
每段对话读两遍。
SSS_SINGLE_SEL11.A Never mind.B No problem.C You' re welcome.分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL12.A A big surprise.B For a month.C Wonderful.分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL13.A Certainly.B Yes, I do.C Thank you.分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL14.A On May 9th.B Last Sunday.C At nine o'clock.分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL15.A I'll eat out.B I like cooking.C I'm making cakes.分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL16.A Neither am I.B I'll come by ship.C Have a good time!分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL17.A It was great!B Good idea!C Of course!分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL18.A It took an hour.B Not too much.C After supper.分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL19.A I'm a teacher.B I live in London.C I'll leave you some money.分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL20.A My pleasure.B Well done.C All right.分值: 2答案:CWhat are they talking about?SSS_SINGLE_SEL21.A Their parents.B Their school life.C Their holiday plans.分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL22.What does the woman suggest?A Calling a taxi for Jerry.B Borrowing Jerry' s car.C Asking Jerry for a ride.分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL23.How much money does the man want to borrow?A $15.B $50.C $55.分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL24.What did the woman do last night?A She talked with a friend.B She went to a show.C She watched TV.分值: 2答案:ASSS_SINGLE_SEL25.What does the man want to buy?A A desk.B A chair.C A computer.分值: 2答案:BWhose birthday party is the woman going to?SSS_SINGLE_SEL26.A Amy's.B Tom's.C Lucy's.分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL27.Where are they?A In a library.B In a cinema.C In a restaurant.分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL28.What does the woman mean?A Jack has an old radio.B Jack will buy a new radio.C Jack is good at fixing radios.分值: 2答案:CSSS_SINGLE_SEL29.What does the man do on Saturday afternoon?A Go shopping.B Play football.C Do some cleaning.分值: 2答案:BSSS_SINGLE_SEL30.What does the woman ask David to do?A To make friends with Peter.B To give a ticket to Peter.C To live with Peter.分值: 2答案:B2. 英语知识运用第一节单项填空阅读下面的句子和对话，从[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
完整word2013年考研英语一真题及答案
Section I Use of English年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案2013People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when makingindividual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.T o 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardized exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr. Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate could need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .1. [A]grants [B]submits [C]transmits [D]delivers2. [A]minor [B]objective [C]crucial [D] external3. [A]issue [B]vision [C]picture [D]external4. [A] For example [B] On average [C]In principle [D]Above all5. [A]fond [B]fearful [C]capable [D] thoughtless6. [A] in [B] on [C]to [D] for7. [A] if [B] until [C] though [D] unless8. [A] promote [B] emphasize [C]share [D]test9. [A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success10. [A] chosen [B] studied [C] found [D] identified11. [A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise12. [A] inspired [B] expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13. [A] assigned [B] rated [C] matched [D] arranged14. [A] put [B] got [C] gave [D] took15. [A] instead [B] then [C] ever [D] rather16. [A] selected [B] passed [C] marked [D] introduced17. [A] before [B] after [C] above [D] below18. [A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19. [A] achieve [B] undo [C] maintain [D] disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpfulText 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn't affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant's sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn't be more out of date or at oddswith the feverish would be described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline's three-year indictmentof “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release,and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don't advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a$5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world's answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like MichaelPollan's The Omnivore's Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,”Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year –about 64 items per person –and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman namedSarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes –and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can't be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on laborand the environment –including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can't afford not to.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D] lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste.[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment”(Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half. In the internet age, at least in theory, this fraction can be much reduced. By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural”ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of suchfine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a do not track (DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10, the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Getting a DNT signal does not obligeanyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tellwhether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft's default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. After all, it has an ad business too, whichit says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, blogged: we believe consumers should have more control. Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural”ads help advertisers to:[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D] provide better online services27. “The industry”(Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D] internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D] goes against human nature29. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciation[D] skepticismText 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the rangeof threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species haveendured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? T ake a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years. Look up Homo sapiens in the Red List of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline.So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organizationsare now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation hasits flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Perhaps willfully, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about themore immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves. This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to bea passing fad. T o be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and technology[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our belief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN's “Red List”suggest that human being are[A] a sustained species[B] a threaten to the environment[C] the world's dominant power[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet's abundant resources[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world[C] draw on our experience from the past[D] curb our ambition to reshape history35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind[D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona's immigrationlaw Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the moreimportant matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration's effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona's controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones. Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court's liberals,ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field”and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal's privileged powers.However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal statusof people who come in contact with law enforcement. That's because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued that Arizona's laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied withfederal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenshipand the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using theirown resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn't want to carry out Congress's immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona's plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree, according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers' duty to withhold immigrants ‘information.[B] States' independence from federal immigration law.[C] States' legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress's intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states' interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states' support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Section IV WritingPart A51. Directions:Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college, inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail, Use Li Ming instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should1) describe the drawing briefly2) explain its intended meaning, and3) give your commentsYou should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)参考答案Section I Use of English1. A. grants2. D. external3. C. picture4. A. For example5. B. fearful6. B. on7. A. if8. D. test9. D. success10. A. chosen11. D. otherwise12. C. conducted13. B. rated14. D. took15. B. then16. C. marked17. A. before18. C. drop19. B. undo20. C. necessarySection II Reading Comprehension Part AText 1 (In the 2006)21. B. insensitivity to fashion22. D. shop for their garment more frequently23. A. accusation24. D. pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing25. C. criticism of the fast-fashion industryText 2 (An old saying)26. B. lower their operational costs27. D. internet browser developers28. C. will not benefit consumers29. A. DNT may not serve its intended purpose30. D. skepticismText 3 (Now utopia)31. B. our faith in science and technology32. A. sustained species33. D. our immediate future is hard to conceive34. C. draw on our experience from the past35. C. the ever-bright prospects of mankindText 4 (On a five to three)36. C. overstepped the authority of federal immigration37. C. states' legitimate role in immigration enforcement38. D. stood in favor of the states39. A. outweighs that held by the states40. D. The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part B41. E. These issues all have root causes in human behavior...42. F. Despite these factors...43. B. However, the numbers are still small...44. G. During the late 1990s...45. C. The idea is to force social to integrate...Section III Translation46. 然而，看着无家可归者绘制出的花园图片时，人们会突然意识到，尽管这些花园风格多样，它们都显示了人类除了装饰和创造性表达之外的其他各种基本诉求47. 一块神圣的和平之地，不管它有多么粗糙，它都是一种人类本能的需求，和庇护所相反，那只是动物的本能需求。
9月公共英语一级考题试卷及答案
9月公共英语一级考题试卷及答案第一部分听力【略】第二部分英语知识运用第一节单项填空阅读下面的句子和对话，从[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
26. I know only a little ______ computers.[A] about [B] over [C] at27. The black and white skirt is Jane’s. The green ______ is mine.[A] one [B] thing [C] matter28. The policeman wrote ______ the number of the car in his notebook.[A] off [B] up [C] down29. Of the three brothers, the youngest runs ______.[A] fast [B] faster [C] the fastest30. At last, we ______ the small town before dark.[A] got off [B] arrived at [C] came on31. My uncle is over forty but he hasn’t got any children ______.[A] still [B] yet [C] already32. I began to learn English ______ I was five.[A] when [B] since [C] if33. Jane hasn’t finished her homework and I haven’t finished mine, ______.[A] either [B] neither [C] too34. Neither my dog ______ my cat can be seen in the house. What’s the matter?[A] and [B] or [C] nor35. Mr. Boffin drove there and ______ his car outside the station.[A] parked [B] carded [C] set36. I’m busy now, so it will be some time ______ I can leave.[A] before [B] after [C] when37. The teacher will not let anyone leave the classroom until the bell ______.[A] rings [B] rang [C] will ring38. We ______ around the factory during our visit.[A] showed [B] were shown [C] have shown39. Do you remember ______. Jane at our son’s birthday party?[A] to be met [B] meeting [C] to meet40. I would like to call you at three this afternoon, ______?[A] may I [B] will I [C] do I第二节完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的[A]、[B]、[C]三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
2013年英语一试题及答案详解
2013年硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant’s score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonsonh found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .1. [A] grants [B] submits [C] transmits[D] delivers2. [A] minor [B] objective [C] crucial [D] external3. [A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment4. [A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle [D] Above all5. [A] fond [B] fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless6. [A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for7. [A] if [B] until [C] though [D] unless8. [A] promote [B] emphasize [C] share [D] test9. [A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success10. [A] chosen [B] studied [C] found [D] identified11. [A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable[D] otherwise12. [A] inspired [B] expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13. [A] assigned [B] rated [C] matched [D] arranged14. [A] put [B] got [C] gave[D] took15. [A] instead [B] then [C] ever [D] rather16. [A] selected [B] passed [C] marked [D] introduced17. [A] before [B] after [C] above [D] below18. [A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19. [A] achieve [B] undo [C] maintain [D] disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary[D] helpfulSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit. Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable ——meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that——and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s T he Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year——about 64 items per person——and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes——and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment——including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line——Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D] lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-market labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste.[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted—the trouble is, no one knows which half. In the internet age, at least in theory, this fraction can be much reduced. By watching what people search for, click on and say online, co mpanies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America’s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a “do not track” (DNT) option to internet browsers, so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed. Micro soft’s Internet Explorer and Apple’s Safari both offer DNT; Google’s Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and the Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft set off the row. It said that Internet Explorer 10, the version due to appear with windows 8, would have DNT as a default.Advertisers are horrified. Human nature being what it is, most people stick with default settings. Few switch DNT on now, but if tracking is off it will stay off. Bob Liodice, the chief executive of the Association of National Advertisers, says consumers will be worse off if the industry cannot collect information about their preferences. People will not get fewer ads, he says. “They’ll get less meaningful, less targeted ads.”It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Getting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on advertising, it has chosen an indirect method: There is no guarantee that DNT by default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8—though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google’s on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft’schief privacy officer, blogged: “We believe consumers should have more control.” Could it really be that simp le?26. It is suggested in P aragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to[A] ease competition among themselves.[B] lower their operational costs.[C] avoid complaints from consumers.[D] provide better online services.27. “The industry” (Line 6, Para.3) refers to[A] online advertisers.[B] e-commerce conductors.[C] digital information analysis.[D] internet browser developers.28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default.[A] may cut the number of junk ads.[B] fails to affect the ad industry.[C] will not benefit consumers.[D] goes against human nature.29. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose.[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT.[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers.[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads.30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of[A] indulgence.[B] understanding.[C] appreciation.[D] skepticism.Text 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely —though by no means uniformly — glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years — so why shouldn’t we? Take a broader look at our species’ place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years. Look up Homo sapiens in the “Red List” of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN), and you will read: “Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline.”So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has as its flagship project a mechanical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.Perhaps willfully, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today’s technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it’s perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That’s one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment.[B] our faith in science and technology.[C] our awareness of potential risks.[D] our belief in equal opportunity.32. The IUCN’s “Red List” suggests that human beings are[A] a sustained species.[B] a threat to the environment.[C] the world’s dominant power.[D] a misplaced race.33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources.[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world.[C] draw on our experience from the past.[D] curb our ambition to reshape history.35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind[D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vo te, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday—a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset t he balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial. Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held that Congress had deliberately “occupied the fiel d,” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement. That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice—Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas—agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree, according to Paragraph 4?[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’ interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’ support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administration.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41—45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2005, there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010, the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Yet this enormous resource is not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development and health.(41) . Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger, from genetically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers. Here, too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42) . This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creative destruction.Today, the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact. Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental change”or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004. (43) .When social scientists do tackle practical issues, their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium, for example. And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding.(44) . This is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better. The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists. This year, it was proposed that system be changed: Horizon 2020, a new program to be enacted in 2014, would not have such a category. This has resulted in protests from social scientists. But the intention is not to neglect social science; rather, the complete opposite. (45) . That shouldcreate more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists: onethat is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs.[B] However, the numbers are still small: in 2010, about 1,600 of the 100,000social-sciences papers published globally included one of these keywords.[C] The idea is to force social scientists to integrate their work with othercategories, including health and demographic change; food security; marine research and the bio-economy; clean, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.[D] The solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and whatit considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behaviour: all require behaviouralchange and social innovations, as well as technological development.Stemming climate change, for example, is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F] Despite these factors, many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle suchproblems. And in Europe, some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development.[G] During the late 1990s, national spending on social sciences and thehumanities as a percentage of all research and development funds —including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate —varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations, it is about 15%.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; 46) yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.One of these urges has to do with creating a state of peace in the midstof turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. 47) A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the former becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment.48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce form into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from, is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, 49) most of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call forth the spirit of plant and animal lift, if only symbolically, through a clumplike arrangement of materials, an introduction of colors, small pools of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. 50) It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden, though in a “liberated”sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia—a yearning for contact with nonhuman life—assuming uncanny representational forms.Section III WritingP art ADirections:Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college, inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail. Use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part BDirections:Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) interpret its intended meaning, and3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)Section III WritingPart A参考范文：Dear professor,I am the chairman of the Students’ Union of Foreign Language Department in Peking University. We plan to hold an English speech contest and I am writing to ask whether you can honor us to be a judge for the competition.The contest will be held in Room 201, Teaching Building No. 3 on next Sunday, January 12, 2013. It will begin at 6:30 and may last for 3 hours. Participants are excellent students fluent in spoken English from different majors in our university. Judges to be invited include another three professors and language experts who are very familiar to you.We would be greatly honored if you can show your presence and provide us with your valuable comments. Please contact us at 1234567 if you can come.Yours sincerely, Li MingPart B参考范文Recently, there has been a growing concern among the public over the topic of the choice after graduation. As is described in the picture, a group ofgraduates are facing various roads to go, such as searching for jobs, pursuing further study, going abroad and becoming entrepreneurs. The picture intends to convey us that, as adults, college graduates have to make their own decisions about future life.After graduation, college students should choose future life based on their own realities and dreams. For those, who are eager to become economically independent and to put into practice what they have learned in college, taking a job or doing poineering work may be satisfying and rewarding. Getting established as a bread-winner after graduation is their main desire. By contrast, others who want to take advantage of the favorable conditions in college, however, ought to try to enroll in graduate programs inside or outside. For them, a Master's degree or even a Doctoral degree represents a much more ambitious goal than a bachelor's degree, because they cherish lifetime success and interest more in academic achievements than money.It is sensible that we should take a rational attitude towards the decisive choice. For the part of my own, getting a higher degree abroad has long been my dream. I’m a strong be liever that one should do more research and learn more while he or she is still young.参考译文近来，大家越发为毕业选择的话题担忧起来。
2013年9月公共英语一级真题-公共英语一级试卷与试题
第二节 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选 项，并在答题卡1上将该项涂黑。 根据以下内容回答41-50题， Many people believe they should drink eight glasses of water a day. That is 41 they have been told all their life. 42 a new report says people should drink as 43 water as they feel like drinking. The
16. What will Lucy do first tonight?[1分]-----正确答案(B) A See a film. B Finish a report. C Go to the airport.
17. What does the man ask about?[1分]-----正确答案(A) A The time of a film. B The price of a hotel room. C The phone number of the cinema.
34. I borrowed two books. One is in English, and _______ is in Chinese.[1分]-----正确答案(C) A another B other C the other
35. All the guests not to leave the party before four o'clock.[1分]-----正确答案(A) A were told B told C were telling
2013年9月PETS真题及答案（文字完整版）
第⼀部分 听⼒ 第⼀节 听下⾯5段对话，每段对话后有⼀个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关⼩题和阅读下⼀⼩题。
每段对话仅读⼀遍。
1. What are the speakers talking about? [A] Who will attend the meeting. [B] When to announce the news. [C] What to discuss on Wednesday. 2. What will the man do? [A] Boil more water. [B] Have a cup of tea. [C] Make tea for Christine. 3. Why is Sheila late? [A] She forgot the time. [B] She had to finish work. [C] She argued with her boss. 4. What is the weather normally like? [A] Warm. [B] Rainy. [C] Cold. 5. What does the man mean? [A] He likes his professor. [B] He wants a new task. [C] He needs more time. 第⼆节 听下⾯5段对话或独⽩。
每段对话或独⽩后有2⾄4个⼩题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话或独⽩前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个⼩题；听完后，各⼩题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独⽩读两遍。
听下⾯⼀段对话，回答第6和第7题。
． 6. What happened to the man? [A] His car broke down. [B] He broke his phone. [C] He lost his way. 7. Why did the man fail to call the woman? [A] He had no time. [B] He forgot the number. [C] He had no coins. 听下⾯⼀段对话，回答第8⾄第10题。
9月PETS-1考试真题及答案英语知识运用
9月PETS-1考试真题及答案英语知识运用2015年9月PETS-1考试真题及答案（英语知识运用）距离2016年9月公共英语考试越来越近了，为了让大家了解公共英语阅读考试难易程度， yjbys网店铺为大家提供了2015年9月份公共英语考试真题及答案详解，以下是去年9月份公共英语一级考试英语知识运用真题及答案。
第二部分英语知识运用第一节，单项填空阅读下面的句子和对话，从A.、B.、C.三个选项中选出一个能填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
31. I love Madonna's songs very much. She is my ________ singer.A. FamousB. FavouriteC. foreign32. Don't be angry________little Lucy; she is only a child after all.A. toB. onC. with33. When we arrived at the railway station, they were ________ there.A. yetB. onceC. already34.The policeman asked the boy his name and how old he________.A.WasB. HadC. has been35. All the workers ________ together and wrote a letter to the head of the company.A. GotB. PutC. took36. Before we leave, make sure________ there is some paper in your bag.A.WhichB. WhatC. that37. All my friends ________ to the party on my tenth birthday.A. are invitingB. were invitedC. were inviting38. --Don't forget to come to the meeting tomorrow.--No, I ________.A.don'tB. won'tC. haven't39. If you give me a ________, I know I can do 'a good job.A. ChanceB. PracticeC. luck40. The test was ________ difficult that she had problems finishing it on time.A. TooB. asC. so41. At eight o'clock, the bell________ and all the children ran into the classroom.A. ringsB. rangC. has rung42. Neither Billy's mother ________ his father knows the way to the village.A. andB. orC. nor43. The man ________ smoking even though the doctor told him not to.A. went onB. went toC. went off44. Hangzhou is really a beautiful city. I want to stay here for________two days.A. AnotherB. otherC. others45. You'd better ________fishing if it rains tomorrow.A. not goB. not to goC. not going第二节完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A.、B.、C.三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2013年9月公共基础课全国统一考试大学英语B（一交际英语）
2013年9月公共基础课全国统一考试大学英语B（一交际英语）一、交际英语1、--Will you please give the note to him?-- ______________.A：Certainly, I'll give it to him B：No, please notC：Sorry, I don't D：Yes, please do2、- How do I get to the cinema?- _________A：It's very far. B：Yes, there is a cinema near here. C：It's well known. D：Go down this street and turn left.3、― Excuse me, I'm afraid you've overcharged me.― ________________A：Oh, really?B：That's all right.C：That's fine. D：You're welcome.4、- Excuse me, how much is the jacket?- It's 499 Yuan.A：Oh, no. That's OK! B：How do you like it? C：Which do you prefer? D：Would you like to try it on?5、- Haven't seen you for ages! What are you busy with now?- _____________A：I hate the weather here. B：My hair is getting a bit longer. C：Yeah, thanks for coming.D：I am working part time in a bookshop, you know.1、- _______- You too!A：Merry Christmas!B：What a beautiful day!C：Help yourself! D：It's very kind of you!2、--_____, could you please tell me where the school library is? --Sure. It's at the back of the campus, about five minutes' walk from here.A：Excuse me B：Pardon meC：That's right D：Thank you3、How much is that meat, please?- _____________________A：T en o'clock. B：Ten yuan a kilo.C：I like it very much. D：I don't like.4、-- Would you mind changing seats with me?-- ________A：Yes, you can. B：Of course, I like to.C：No, I don't mind.D：Certainly, please do.5、-- We are going to have a singing party tonight. Would you liketo join us?-- ________A：I'm afraid not, because I have to go to an important meeting. B：Of course not. I have no idea.C：No, I can't. D：That's all set.2、- Happy birthday to you! - ______!A：Happy birthday to you B：I'm very gladC：That's all right D：Thank you3、- Do you mind if I switch off the radio?- ___________. Go ahead.A：Never mind B：No wayC：No, not at all D：No, you'd better not4、-__________ - He teaches physics in a school.A：What does your father want to do?B：Who is your father?C：What is your father?D：Where is your father now?1、--Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the post office？--_____A：Don't ask that. B：Sorry, I'm a stranger here. C：No, I can't say that. D：No, you're driving too fast. 2、-- I'm sorry to trouble you. Can I borrow a pen, please?-- ___________.A：Yes, you can B：Certainly! It is hereC：She's welcome D：Thank you3、- I've heard that you are going to Thailand?- Yes, I'll leave on Sunday.- That's great! _______- Thank you!A：Have a nice journey!B：Watch out!C：How are you! D：You are so smart!4、-- Would you mind changing seats with me?-- ________ A：Yes, you can. B：Of course, I like to.C：No, I don't mind. D：Certainly, please do.5、-- Congratulations! You won the first prize in today's speechcontest. -- ________A：Yes, I beat the others. B：No, no, I didn't do it well. C：Thank you. D：It's a pleasure.1、--This week, I will travel to Japan. --_____________. A：Havea good time! B：Let me go with youC：Do you have money? D：Don't joke3、- How many students went to the hockey game?- ______A：None of them go to the hockey game.B：They seldom go to the hockey game.C：They usually went to the hockey game.D：All of them went to the hockey game.4、- Do you mind my smoking here?- _______A：No, thanks. B：Yes, I do.C：Yes. I'd rather not. D：Good idea.5、-- Congratulations! You won the first prize in today's speechcontest. -- ________A：Yes, I beat the others.B：No, no, I didn't do it well.C：Thank you.D：It's a pleasure.1、--___________! Welcome to the party.--Merry Christmas! It's very kind of you to invite us.A：Happy birthday B：Merry ChristmasC：Congratulations D：Have a good day2、― Hi! George. How are you?― _________________A：That's all right. B：Don't mention it.C：How are you? D：Fine, thanks. And you?3、- Hi, haven't seen you for ages! You look fine.- _______. You look well, too.A：Great B：Thanks C：Oh, no D：Not at all4、-- We are going to have a singing party tonight. Would you liketo join us? -- ________A：I'm afraid not, because I have to go to an important meeting.B：Of course not. I have no idea.C：No, I can't. D：That's all set.1、--What does your father do?-- ___________.A：He is cleaning the street B：He is fortyC：He is a farmer D：He is all right3、---How is Mr Brown?-- ______________.A：He is tall and beautiful B：He is very strict with us C：He is fine D：He is in an expensive car5、-- Well, they got there last Wednesday. So about a week.A：When did your parents arrive in Paris?B：How long have your parents been in Paris?C：Did your parents arrive in Paris last Wednesday?D：When will your parents go to Paris？1、- That's a beautiful cat. I wonder who it belongs to.- _________ A：It belongs to the Browns.B：The cat is my favourite too.C：Mind your own business.D：I can't say anything more.2、Have a good day! ___________.A：You got it too B：The same to youC：Yes, thank you D：The same as you3、- Good-bye for now. - _________A：The same to you. B：That's OK.C：See you. D：Long time no see.4、-- May I use your bike for a moment?-- ________A：It's well. B：It doesn't matter.C：By all means. D：I have no idea.1、- I've got your invitation. - Oh, good. ______A：Can you come?B：Thanks a lot.C：I'll take it. D：May I help you?3、- _______?- It's Friday.A：What day is it? B：What's the date today?C：What's the time? D：What time is it?4、- Madam, do all the buses go downtown? -- _______A：Wow, you got the idea. B：No, never mind.C：Pretty well, I guess. D：Sorry, I'm new here.1、--What can I do for you？--_____A：I want a kilo of pears. B：You can do in your own way. C：Thanks. D：Excuse me. I'm busy.3、--Could I borrow your car for a few days？--_____A：Yes, you may borrow. B：Yes, go on.C：Sure, here your are. Enjoy your journey.D：It doesn't matter.4、- How about going to dinner at the Mexican restaurant tonight?- - _____A：Forget it. B：Sorry, I like Mexican food.C：That's great! D：Glad you like it.2012年9月大学英语B交际用语（统考）1．-- ______ -- I’m from Mexico.A.Where are you from?B.How do you come here?C.What’s your name?D.How far is it?2. -- Why not go and have dinner in a restaurant?-- _________ It’s too expensive.A.Why not?B.I agreeC.I am afraid notD.I’m sure3. -- You know, I have three kids now.-- ________A.Oh, I’ve heard a lot about youB.That’s wonderfulC.You’ve really changed your hair styleD.Well, I gave up drinking4. -- Unbelievable! I have failed the driving test again!-- _________ This is not the end of the world.A.Good luckB.Cheer upC.Go aheadD.No problem5. – Thanks, you saved my life! -_____________.A. Oh, I’m afraid I didn’t do well enough.B. I’m glad I could help.C. No problem.D. I t’s not necessary for you to say so. 6．-- I doubt whether the Chinese Football Team can win the game this time. -- _____.A.That’s true.B.It’s hard to sayC.I like the teamD.I don’t believe it7. -- I’m sorry to trouble you. -- _____A.The same to youB.What a pity! I’m sorryC.It doesn’t matterD.Thanks8. -- Please help yourself to the seafood.-- ______A. No, I can’t.B. Sorry, I can’t helpC. Well, seafood don’t suit forD. Thanks, but I don’t like the seafood9. -- Can you go to the concert with us this evening?-- _______A. No, I already have plans.B. I’d love to, but I am busy tonightC. NO, I really don’t like being with youD. I’m ill, so I shouldn’t go out10. -- How are you feeling? -- Much better. ______.A.Thanks for coming to see meB.You look greatC.You are so kindD. Don’t mention it 11. -- Why not join us in the game? -- ______A. Ok. I’m coming.B. You do the same.C. That’s alright.D. Don’t mention it.12. -- I didn’t mean to do that. Please forgive me.-- ________A. Not too bad.B. That’s all right.C. It’s a pleasureD. Thank you13. -- Wow. That’s a marvelous room. I’ve never known you’re soartistic! -- _______A. Great, I am very art-consciousB. Don’t mention itC. Thank you for your complimentsD. It’s fine14. -We are going to have a sing party tonight. Would you like tojoin us?-____________A. I’m afraid not, because I have to go to an important meeting.B. Of course not. I have no idea.C. No, I can’tD. That’s all set15. -- May I see your tickets, please? -- ______A. No, they’re mine.B. No you can’tC. SureD. Yes, you can16. Thank you for your help. --____________.A. It doesn’t matterB. You’re welcomeC. You’re kindD. I don’t think so17. --_______________ --Thank you.A. CongratulationsB. CongratulationC. CongratulateD. To congratulate18. --Doctor, I don’t feel well. 医生，我觉得不舒服-- ________________.A. You are fine.B. It doesn’t matter.C. What’s the matter怎么了D. Don’t take it seriously19. I’m terribly sorry that I’ve spilled some coffee on the carpet.十分抱歉，我的咖啡倒在地毯上了。
2013英语一真题及答案
Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day.To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant''s score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .1.[A] grant [B] submits [C] transmits [D] delivers2.[A] minor [B]objective [C] crucial [D] external3.[A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle[D] Above all5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless6.[A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test9.[A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success10.[A] chosen [B]stupid [C]found [D] identified11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C] matched [D] arranged14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D] took15.[A]instead [B]then [C] ever [D] rather16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced17.[A]before [B] after [C] above [D] below18.[A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpfulSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit. Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal—— meant to lastonly a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that——and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues, Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year——about 64 items per person ——and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothes——and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment——including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line——Cline believes lasting-change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford to it.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D]lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste.[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happyto be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America''s Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft''s Internet Explorer and Apple''s Safari both offer DNT ;Google''s Chrome is due to do so this year. In February theFTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google''s on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft''s chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D]provide better online services27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D]internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D]goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author''s attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticismText 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn''t we? Take a broader look at our species'' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence .Perhaps willfully , it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today''s technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it''s perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That''s one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and technology[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our belief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN’s “Red List” suggest that human being are[A] a sustained species[B] a threaten to the environment[C] the world’s dominant power[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world[C] draw on our experience from the past[D] curb our ambition to reshape history35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind[D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field”and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with .Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’ interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’ support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too,the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction . Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____ When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of socialscientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highlyspecialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishingelsewhere,such as policy briefs.[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of theseKeywords.[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.[D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it withincross-cutting topics of sustainable development .[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.Part B: (10 points)Section III Translation46. Directions: Translate the following text from English to Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2. (10 points)Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and thatself-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversityof styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms.Section III WritingParty A51 Directions:Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.You should include the details you think necessary.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B: (20 points)Part B52 Directions:Write an essay of about 160 – 200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should(1) describe the drawing briefly,(2) interpret its intended meaning, and(3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2013Section I Use of English1. A. grants2. D. external3. C. picture4. A. For example5. B. fearful6. B. on7. A. if8. D. test9. D. success10. A. chosen11. D. otherwise12. C. conducted13. B. rated14. D. took15. B. then16. C. marked17. A. before18. C. drop19. B. undo20. C. necessarySection II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1 (In the 2006)21. B. insensitivity to fashion22. D. shop for their garment more frequently23. A. accusation24. D. pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing25. C. criticism of the fast-fashion industryText 2 (An old saying)26. B. lower their operational costs27. D. internet browser developers28. C. will not benefit consumers29. A. DNT may not serve its intended purpose30. D. skepticismText 3 (Now utopia)31. B. our faith in science and technology32. A. sustained species33. D. our immediate future is hard to conceive34. C. draw on our experience from the past35. C. the ever-bright prospects of mankindText 4 (On a five to three)36. C. overstepped the authority of federal immigration37. C. states’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement38. D. stood in favor of the states39. A. outweighs that held by the states40. D. The Administration is dominant over immigration issues. Part B41. E. These issues all have root causes in human behavior...42. F. Despite these factors...43. B. However, the numbers are still small...44. G. During the late 1990s...45. C. The idea is to force social to integrate...Section III Translation46. 然而，看着无家可归者绘制出的花园图片时，人们会突然意识到，尽管这些花园风格多样，它们都显示了人类除了装饰和创造性表达之外的其他各种基本诉求47. 一块神圣的和平之地，不管它有多么粗糙，它都是一种人类本能的需求，和庇护所相反，那只是动物的本能需求。
2013年9月公共基础课全国统一考试 大学英语B (三 词汇与语法)
三、词汇与语法1、Our manager will look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little _______. A：waitB：timeC：patienceD：rest答案：C2、Don't be too _______about things you're not supposed to know.A：strangeB：amusingC：curiousD：conscious答案：C3、Unfortunately, his father ________ in the traffic accident yesterday.A：deadB：was killedC：killedD：was dead答案：B4、Two days is not enough for him to finish the work．He needs _______ day.A：otherB：the otherC：the thirdD：a third答案：D5、People at the party worried about him, because no one was aware ____ he had gone. A：of whereB：of the place whereC：whereD：the place答案： A1、If you want to change for a blue shirt, you'll have to pay _______$ 10.A：anotherB：otherC：moreD：each答案：A2、Everyone of them _______ tired and wanted a good rest.A：seemsB：is seemedC：was seemedD：seemed答案：D3、If it ______tomorrow, we will not go out.A：rainsB：will rainC：is to rainD：is going to rain答案：A4、The students were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at Professor Brian's ______. A：moneyB：payC：expenseD：loss答案：C5、Both the kids and their parents ______ English, I think. I know it from their accent.A：isB：beenC：areD：was答案： C1、Every society has its own peculiar customs and ______of acting.A：attitudesB：behaviorC：waysD：means答案：C2、The car accident happened at _______crossroads a few metres away from_______ bank. A：the; /B：/; aC：/; theD：the; the答案：D3、There's no food in the fridge. They _______shopping.A：goB：are goC：are goingD：are going to go答案：C4、Two days is not enough for him to finish the work．He needs _______ day.A：otherB：the otherC：the thirdD：a third答案：D5、When Lily came home at 5 p.m. yesterday, her mother _______ dinner in the kitchen.A：cookedB：was cookingC：cooksD：has cooked答案： B1、Paper money was in ____use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _____thirteenth century.A：the; /B：the; theC：/; theD：/; /答案：C2、She was awarded the highest ______ for his contribution to world peace.A：priceB：pressC：prizeD：pride答案：C3、There isn't any difference between the two. I really don't know _____.A：where to chooseB：which to chooseC：to choose whatD：to choose which答案：B4、How can he _____ if he is not _____?A：listen; hearingB：hear; listeningC：be listening; heardD：be hearing; listened to答案：B5、You shouldn't _______ your time like that, Bob; you have to finish your school work tonight. A：cutB：doC：killD：kick答案： C1、Would you like some more coffee? There's still ______ left.A：a littleB：littleC：a fewD：few答案：A2、Kate is a little _______than Mary.A：youngerB：youngC：the youngestD：youngest答案：A3、In some parks visitors are requested to keep ______the grass.A：asideB：awayC：outD：off答案：D4、It's time we ____ the lecture because everybody has arrived.A：will startB：shall startC：startD：started答案：D5、How can he _____ if he is not _____?A：listen; hearingB：hear; listeningC：be listening; heardD：be hearing; listened to答案： B1、Tom ________ more than twenty pounds on the novel.A：spentB：paidC：costD：took答案：A2、If you ride your bike too fast, there may be _____accident. A：aB：theC：anD：不填答案：C3、Professor White contributed a lot to our community, _______. A：teaching, writing, and lecturingB：teaching, writing, and a lecturerC：a teacher, a writer, and lecturingD：teaching, lecturing, and a writer答案：A4、If she wants to stay thin, she must make a _____ in her diet. A：changeB：turnC：runD：go答案：A5、I have been looking forward to ____ from my parents.A：hearB：being heardC：be heardD：hearing答案： D1、The boy is not happy at the new school. He has ________ friends there.A：fewB：a fewC：littleD：a little答案：A2、Wu Dong was _______tired that he couldn't keep his eyes open.A：tooB：muchC：suchD：so答案：D3、It was because of the heavy rain last night ____ I didn't go home before 10 o'clock. A：thatB：whenC：whichD：how答案：A4、If she wants to stay thin, she must make a _____ in her diet.A：changeB：turnC：runD：go答案：A5、Both the kids and their parents ______ English, I think. I know it from their accent. A：isB：beenC：areD：was答案： C1、Why he did it will remain a _______ for ever.A：strangeB：passC：publicD：puzzle答案：D2、Would you like some more coffee? There's still ______ left.A：a littleB：littleC：a fewD：few答案：A3、-Is Linda good at singing?-Yes, she is. We often hear her _____in her room.A：to singB：sangC：singD：sings答案：C4、Both the kids and their parents ______ English, I think. I know it from their accent. A：isB：beenC：areD：was答案：C5、There's lots of fruit _____ the tree．Our little cat is also ______ the tree.A：in；inB：on；onC：in；onD：on；in答案： D1、Everyone of them _______ tired and wanted a good rest.A：seemsB：is seemedC：was seemedD：seemed答案：D2、--Would you like a bag of rice?--Yes. I have ______ rice at home.A：someB：littleC：a littleD：any答案：B3、--____I put my coat here? --Sorry, you ______.A：May; mustn'tB：Do; don'tC：can; needn'tD：May; can't答案：D4、I don't know the park, but it's______ to be quite beautiful.A：saidB：toldC：spokenD：talked答案：A5、Tom, what did you do with my documents? I have never seen such a _____ and disorder! A：massB：messC：guessD：bus答案： B1、Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ______to his office.A：20 minutes' walkB：20 minute's walkC：20-minutes walkD：20-minute walk答案：D2、This kind of plant ______ a lot of water at all times.A：assumesB：limitsC：producesD：requires答案：D3、While ________ for the bus at the bus station, I met an old friend of mine whom I haven't seen for 10 years.A：being waitedB：waitingC：having waitedD：waited答案：B4、There's lots of fruit _____ the tree．Our little cat is also ______ the tree.A：in；inB：on；onC：in；onD：on；in答案：D5、Both the kids and their parents ______ English, I think. I know it from their accent.A：isB：beenC：areD：was答案： C1. a man should not be judged always by what he says.2.Professor Smith promised to look _over____my paper, that is, to read it carefully before thedefence3.the tall man is -charged---with robbery4.neither John nor his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train5.when Lily came home at 5 p.m yesterday, her mother was cooking----dinner in the kitchen.6.Little Tom is used to get up at eight every morning7.before the final examination, some students have shown signs of tension,8.must we finish the work right now? no, you needn’t .you can do it tomorrow9.jane ‘s dress is similar in design to-his sister’s10.children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of movies as is bad for their mentaldevelopment11.please, hurry up or we’ll be late12.before the war of independence, the united states was an English colony13.that fashion different form country to country may reflect the cultural differences from oneaspect14.a sudden noise a fire-engine made him hurry to the door.15.the new order means working overtime16.he couldn’t buy the dictionary because he had little money with him17.I look forward to hearing from you.18.we all thought it pity that you were unable to attend our meeting19.it’s high time that he settled dow n in the country and started a new life20.put it down Richard, you mustn’t read anyone else’s letter.21 the computer system broke down suddenly while he was searching for information.22 Jim takes the medicine as the doctor says23. who is she？She’s our history teacher.24. do you know the man lying under the apple tree?25. how fine weather it is today?27. What we need is good textbooks.28. it’s not until you have lost your health that you know its value.29. you don’t mind calling you Xiao Li, do you?30.what we have done is far from satisfactory.31.What will you buy for your boyfriend’s birthday? I want to buy a small black leather wallet for him.32. Peter worked so fast with the math problems that he made a lot of mistake.33. this kind of material expands with the temperature increasing.34. Two days is not enough for him to finish the work. He needs a third day.35.Professor, would you slow down a bit, please? I can’t keep up with you.36. there is lots of fruit on the tree, our little cat is also in the tree.37. we move to the front row so that we could hear and see better.38. no matter how hard it was snowing, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.。
2013年9月公共英语一级真题及答案解析
2013年9月公共英语一级真题及答案解析(1~5/共10题)听力理解图片判断在本节中，你将听到10个句子，每句话配有[A]、[B]、[C]三幅图片，请选择与句子内容相符合的一幅图片，并标在试卷的相应位置。
每句话后有15秒钟的停顿，以便选择图片并看下一组图片。
每句话读两遍。
下面，请听这些句子。
Play00:0002:10Volume第1题图片A.B.C.D.第2题图片A.B.C.D.第3题图片A.B.C.D.第4题图片A.B.C.D.第5题图片A.B.C.D.下一题(6~10/共10题)听力理解图片判断在本节中，你将听到10个句子，每句话配有[A]、[B]、[C]三幅图片，请选择与句子内容相符合的一幅图片，并标在试卷的相应位置。
每句话后有15秒钟的停顿，以便选择图片并看下一组图片。
每句话读两遍。
下面，请听这些句子。
Play00:0002:27Volume第6题图片A.B.C.D.第7题图片A.B.C.D.第8题图片A.B.C.D.第9题图片A.B.C.D.第10题图片A.B.C.D.上一题下一题(11~15/共15题)听力理解对话应答请从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Play00:0003:17Volume第11题When will the dinner party start?A.At 6:30.B.At 7:00.C.At 7:30.第12题What does the woman suggest the man do?A.Go to work.B.Take a rest.C.See a doctor.第13题Where are the two speakers?A.In a shop.B.In a bank.C.In a post office.第14题Whom does the woman want to call?A.Tony.B.Mr. Stone.C.Jack.第15题Where are the two speakers?A.In a hotel.B.In a library.C.In a bookstore.上一题下一题(16~20/共15题)听力理解对话应答请从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
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2013年9月公共英语一级真题答案第二部分英语知识运用第一节单项填空26．A【精析】句意：比利和贝蒂，请你们安静好吗?本题考查的是动词的固定搭配keep quiet保持安静。
故A正确。
【知识拓展】(1)keep…from…v．阻止，避开；keep fit锻炼；keep secret保密；keep away 防范(2)make the bed铺床；make tea泡茶；make sure确保，确定；make a promise允诺；makea decision作决定；make progress取得进步；make a noise发出噪声；make a mistake出错(3)take care of照顾；take place发生；take action行动；take over接管；take in欺骗(某人)。
27．B【精析】句意：下山容易上山难。
本题考查的是形容词比较级的用法。
形容词比较级用于两个人或事物的比较。
构成是“主语+谓语(系动词)+形容词比较级+than+对比部分”，表达“A比B…”，本题是上山下山两者比较，所以用比较级，A选项为原形，c 选项为最高级。
故B正确。
【知识拓展】形容词比较级、最高级。
(1)两者之间进行比较用形容词比较级，在形容词后加-er。
e．g．：She is taller than me．她比我高。
(她和我两个人进行比较，用比较级。
在形容词tall后加．er表示比较级，即taller。
)(2)三者或三者以上进行比较用形容词最高级，在形容词后加-est。
e．g．：She is the tallest in her class．她是她们班最高的学生。
(她和她们班其他学生进行比较，在形容词tall后加-est表示最高级，即tallest。
)28．A【精析】句意：汤姆对那份工作很感兴趣。
本题考查的是固定搭配中介词的用法。
be interested in为固定搭配，意为“对…感兴趣”，故A正确。
【知识拓展】be good at擅长于；be able to do能够做…；be famous for以…而著名；keepsb．doin9使…一直做…；be successful in在…成功；be busy doin9忙于做…29．B【精析】句意：昨天下午三点钟正在下雨。
本题考查的是过去进行时的用法。
A 是现在进行时；B是过去进行时；c是现在完成时。
过去进行时表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。
结构为：was／were+doin9。
(1)表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。
常用的时间状语为this mornin9，the wholemornin9，all day yesterday，from nine to ten last evenin9。
例如：We Were watching Tv from six to seven last night．昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们正在看电视。
(2)表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。
时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。
例如：What was she doing at eight o’clock yesterday? 昨天晚上八点钟她在做什么?本题给出的时间是three o’clock yesterday afternoon表示过去某个时间点正在发生的事情，故B正确。
【知识拓展】(1)现在进行时表示现在正在做的事情。
结构为be+doing，常与now连用，例如：Tom is talking with his teacher now．汤姆正在和他的老师说话。
(2)现在完成时表示：①过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
常与already，yet，just，ever，before等连用。
例如：She has lost her books．她丢失了她的书。
(表示到目前为止还没找到。
)②表示动作从过去已经开始并持续到现在并可能一直持续下去，常与“for+一段时间，since+时间点”连用。
例如：Susan has lived in Shanghai for ten years．苏珊在上海住了十年了。
30．C【精析】句意：我想知道这个相机多少钱?席题考查的是动词固定搭配。
buy为及物动词，后直接跟名词，例如：l want to buy some food我想买一些食物。
cost花费，常用作sth．co}t(sb．)+金钱，例如：The shirt costs me a lot(fmoney．这件衬衫花了我很多钱。
pay for 为同定搭配，故C正确。
【知识拓展】表示花费的用法还有It takes sh sometime to do sth．例如：It took them three years to build this house．他们花了三年的时司修建这个房子。
sb．spend time／money on sth ／in doin9．例如：I spent two hours On this maths problem．我花了两个小时做这道数学题。
31．A【精析】句意：马路两边有很多漂亮的树。
本题考查的是名词单复数。
side为名词单数。
表示马路的一边；each表示每一，后跟单数；both两者都，表示两边马路，要与sides连接；all所有，用于三者或以上的事物，故A正确。
【知识拓展】例如：Each student has a pen．每个学生都有一直笔。
Both the students are girls．这两个学生都是女孩。
All the windows are open．所有的窗户都开着。
32．B【精析】句意：刚才我在广播里听到这个消息。
本题考查的是动词辨析。
文中提到radio(收音机)，saw是see的过去式，表示看，不可能从收音机上看到消息；heard是hear 的过去式；read过去式和原形同形，表示阅读，也不可能在广播中阅读到消息，故B正确。
33．C【精析】句意：孩子们依次进入电影院。
本题考查的是固定搭配。
one after another 意为“依次相继的”。
根据题意，选C。
【知识拓展】0ne after the other意为“轮流”。
e．g．：The students，one after the other，ex-pressed their opinions in the class．学生们在课堂上轮流发表意见。
one another与each other意为“相互”。
e．g．i We don’t always agree with one another／each other．我们的意见并不总是一致。
34．C【精析】句意：我借了两本书。
一本是英文书，一本是中文书。
本题考查的是固定搭配。
one…the other意为“一个…另一个(总数两个)”，而one…another一般指不确定范围中的人或物中的“一个…另一个”，故C正确。
【知识拓展】some…others…其中一些…另一些…。
There are ten girls in my classroom。
some are readin9．others are talkin9．教室里有十个女孩，有一些在看书，还有一些在说话。
35．A【精析】句意：所有客人被告知四点之前不可以离开这个聚会。
本题考查的是被动语态。
根据句意，宾客是被告知，而不是宾客告诉别人，故A正确。
【知识拓展】语态说明主语和谓语之间的关系，分为主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系。
被动语态结构为：be+及物动词过去分词。
e．g．：Jack built the house．杰克建造了这个房子。
该句为主动语态，主语Jack执行了动作built。
e．g．：The house Was built by Jack．该句为被动语态。
主语(the house)被建造，是动作built的承受者。
36．B【精析】句意：——今天我必须交文章吗?——不用，你可以明天交。
本题考查的是情景对话。
用must提问时，若回答是否定的，需用you need’t／you don’t have t0，故选B。
【知识拓展】(1)-May I open the window?我可以打开窗户吗?-Yes，you may．当然可以。
-of course you may／can．当然可以。
-N0，you may not／mustn’t／can’t．不行。
-You’d better not．最好不要。
-Please don’t．请不要打开。
(2) -Need I hand it in today? 我必须今天交吗?-Yes，you must／have t0／should．是的，今天必须交。
(肯定回答不用Yes，you need。
) -№，you needn’t．／you don’t have t0．不用。
(3) -Can you finish the paper today?你今天能做完它吗?-Yes，I Can．可以。
-N0，J can’t．不，我做不完。
37．C【精析】句意：昨天我没去上学因为我觉得不舒服。
本题考查的是对句子的理解。
根据“because”可知，句子后半部分与前半部分构成因果关系，“我昨天没上学是因为身体不适”，即not feel well，故C正确。
38．C【精析】句意：我们都去了公园，并且我们都玩得很开心。
本题考查的是连词的用法，根据句意可知句子前后两部分是并列关系，需要使用并列连词and，故C正确。
【知识拓展】I am old，but you are youn9．我老了，但是你很年轻。
表转折。
Which one do you prefer，tea or coffee?茶和咖啡你要哪个?表选择。
39．B【精析】句意：虽然这篇文章里没几个生词，但是我们还是没看懂。
本题考查的是连词的用法。
根据句意可知，句子前后两部分是转折关系，需要使用转折连词though，故8正确。
【知识拓展】比较because，since，as for表示“因为”时用法。
(1)l can’t do it，because I am I busy．我做不了，因为我很忙。
Because表示原因，语气最强。
(2)Since we have no money，We can’t buy that house．既然我们没钱，就不买那个房子了。
since表示既然的意思，对方已知，无需说明的原因。
(3)1 went to See him．for I had something to tell him．我去见他了，因为有话对他说。
for 表示原因，用来附带解释或说明前一分句的原因和理由，引导的分句前常有逗号。