英国经济介绍 Economy
Unit_5_The_UK_Economy_(英国的经济)
Unit 5The UK Economy (英国的经济)一、本单元重点内容1. Absolute decline and relative decline of British economy (英国经济的绝对衰败和相对衰败)2. The privatization in the 1980s (20世纪80年代的私有化)3. The main sectors of the UK economy (英国经济的主要部门):Primary industries (第一产业): Agriculture (农业)& Energy production (能源生产)Secondary industries (第二产业) : The manufacturing industry (制造业) eg. The aerospace industry (航空航天工业) Tertiary industries / service industries (第三产业/服务业)4. The City of London (伦敦金融城)5. The London Stock Exchange (伦敦证券交易所)二、本单元重、难点辅导1. Absolute and relative decline of the British Economy1) By the 1880s, dominant in the world--- 1/3 of the world’s manufactured goods; 1/2 of the world’s coal, iron and cotton; shipping greater than the sum of the rest of the world.2) By 1900, overtaken by the U.S and Germany.一直到19世纪80年代，英国经济一直在世界上居于主导地位。
英国经济英语作文
The United Kingdom,often referred to as the UK,has a diverse and dynamic economy that is one of the largest in the world.It is a significant player in the global economy,with a GDP ranking among the top ten.Here are some key aspects of the British economy that could be discussed in an English essay on this topic:1.Economic Structure:The UK economy is predominantly servicebased,with services accounting for around80%of the GDP.Key service sectors include finance,insurance, real estate,and business services.2.Financial Sector:London is a global financial hub,home to the London Stock Exchange and numerous international banks and financial institutions.The financial sector is a major contributor to the UK economy,offering a wide range of services and products.3.Manufacturing:Despite the dominance of the service sector,manufacturing still playsa significant role in the UK economy.The automotive,aerospace,and pharmaceutical industries are particularly strong.4.Innovation and Technology:The UK is known for its innovation in technology and research.It has a vibrant tech startup scene,particularly in cities like London,Manchester, and Edinburgh.5.Trade:The UK is a major trading nation,with exports and imports being crucial to its economy.The European Union has traditionally been the UKs largest trading partner,but postBrexit,the UK is seeking to diversify its trade relationships.6.Monetary Policy:The Bank of England is responsible for setting the UKs monetary policy,including interest rates,to maintain price stability and support economic growth.7.Fiscal Policy:The UK government uses fiscal policy to influence the economy through taxation and public spending.This can include measures such as adjusting the tax rates or increasing public investment to stimulate economic activity.bour Market:The UK has a flexible labour market with a relatively low unemployment rate.It has a diverse workforce with a mix of skilled and unskilled labour.9.Economic Challenges:The UK faces several economic challenges,including managing the economic implications of Brexit,addressing income inequality,and transitioning to a lowcarbon economy.10.Economic Indicators:Key economic indicators to monitor the health of the UK economy include GDP growth rate,inflation,unemployment rate,and the balance of trade.11.Regulatory Environment:The UK has a wellestablished regulatory framework that supports business operations and consumer protection.This includes financial regulation, competition law,and employment rights.12.Infrastructure:The UK has a developed infrastructure,including transportation networks,telecommunications,and utilities,which are essential for economic activity.cation and Skills:The UK has a strong education system that produces a skilled workforce.This is crucial for maintaining the countrys competitive edge in the global economy.14.Public Services:The UK government provides a range of public services,including healthcare NHS,education,and social security,which are funded through taxation.15.Sustainable Development:The UK is committed to sustainable development and has set targets for reducing carbon emissions and promoting renewable energy sources.In your essay,you could explore these aspects in more detail,providing specific examples,data,and analysis to support your discussion of the UK economy.。
英语国家社会与文化入门 英国 economy
European Union: 欧洲联盟，简称欧盟 是当今世界一体化程度最高的区域政治、经 济集团组织。其前身是1958年成立的欧洲共 同体(European Community, EC)，即欧洲经 济共同体(European Economic Community, EEC)、煤钢共同体(European Coal & Steel Community, ECSC)和原子能共同体 (European Atomic Energy Community, EURATOM)的统称。1993年11月，《欧洲 联盟条约》(又称《马斯特里赫特条约》， The Maastricht Treaty)生效，欧共体演化为 欧洲联盟。
Exchange rate
UK Ireland US
$13.2 trillion (2006, 1st)
$46,000 (2006)
Canada
$1.165 $35,200 trillion (2006) (2006 12th) $645.3 $34,369 billion (2006) (2006 17th) $103,873bil $29,698 lion (28th) (2006, 53th)
Country
GDP (total) US$ $2.1 trillion (6th)
GDP (per capita) $3,500 (2006) $41,000 (2005)
Annual growth rate 3.1% (2007) 8% 4% (2007) 2.8%
Monetary unit Pound Sterling Euro USD
Economy
1. Before 20th Century --rising to the strongest economy --reasons 2. 20th Century --decline: absolute and relative decline --reasons --after WWII 3. Current Economy --slow progress
The-UK-Economy-英国经济精品PPT课件
36698美元
2.6%
• 04 CHINA
28792.26亿美元
2177美元
11.4%
• 05 UK
24718.72亿美元
40669美元
2.9%
• 35 HONG KONG 2045.02亿美元 29298美元 5.8%
Second, the era of empire was over. the independence of its colonies makes Britain lose big markets for British goods, and the independent colonies stopped providing raw materials to the UK, leaving Britain as just a medium-size European country.
this period as one of decline?
The Reasons for the Relative Decline of UK Economy
First, after World War II, the UK had gone heavily into debt in order to finance the war, selling many of its accumulated overseas assets, and borrowing large amounts from the US and Canada.
• From 1945 until the present, the story of the UK economy is usually thought of as one of decline.
英语国家概况 - (大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合帝国 )第六章 英国经济
第六章英国经济英国是世界上最老的工业国，工业革命首先发生在英国。
一个世纪前英国被称为"世界工广"。
英国生产出许多商品然后销往世界各地。
那时的英国经济属世界强国之林，生活水平远远高于欧洲邻国。
但是今非昔比。
二战后不久，英国不仅失去经济霸权，而且其工业领导地位也丢失大部分。
其人均国民生产总值在1900年被美国超过，1950年被法国和德国超过，1960年被意大利超过。
1950年至1973年间，英国的国民生产总值平均年增产率为3.0%，低于其大多数贸易伙伴。
经济发展受阻于长期收支差额赤字。
一个国家的收支差额是指出口所挣的货币与进口所花货币之间的差额。
当一个国家花在进口上的总货币量超过它在出口上得到的总货币量时，这个国家就遭受收支差额的赤字。
几十年来英国一直存在收支差额赤字。
在增长率上英国再也不能与其他工业国匹敌。
现在常用"英国病"这个词来概括英国经济衰退的特征。
I.二战后英国经济的演变二战后英国经济的发展有三个阶段:1.15年代和60年代的稳定发展二战蹂躏了欧洲。
战争使英国经济遭受巨大损失，但它所受的直接战争损失比其他欧洲国家和日本要小。
美国的援助使英国经济很快恢复。
被战争抑制的消费需求很快成了促进经济发展的重要因素。
到1947年底英国经济已恢复到战前水平。
1950年英国的国民生产总值及外贸列世界第二位(仅次于美国)，人均收入列世界第三位。
这一时期英国经济的特点是发展缓慢但很稳定，失业少，物质的极度繁荣伴随着消费水平的提高。
像所有西方国家一样，英国把充分就业问题看作是战后经济的突出问题，它所奉行的经济政策以约翰·凯恩斯理论为基础。
他提出，政府在利用物价和收入政策从根本上抑制通货膨胀的同时，应该利用财政和货币政策来微调社会的总需求，以达到充分就业的目的。
这种以高消费和低投资为特点的政策也产生了一些问题，其中之一是劳动力费用昂贵，这反过来又导致英国在国际市场上竞争力低下。
英文作文英国经济
英文作文英国经济The British economy has been facing some challenges in recent years. The uncertainty surrounding Brexit has had a significant impact on businesses, with many choosing to delay investment decisions until there is more clarity on the UK's future relationship with the EU.The service sector is a key driver of the UK economy, accounting for around 80% of GDP. However, the manufacturing sector has been struggling, with many companies feeling the effects of global trade tensions and a slowdown in the global economy.The UK government has been taking steps to boost the economy, including increasing public spending on infrastructure projects and providing support for businesses through tax breaks and incentives.Despite these challenges, the UK economy has shown resilience, with unemployment at its lowest level indecades and wages starting to rise. However, there arestill concerns about the impact of Brexit and the potential for further economic disruption.Overall, the British economy is facing some tough challenges, but there are also opportunities for growth and development. It will be important for the government to continue to support businesses and provide a stable environment for investment in order to ensure long-term prosperity.。
英美国家概况 译文Unit 5 The UK Economy (英国的经济)
4) causes for the relative decline 相对衰退的原因
① Britain has gone into heavy debt to finance the war (selling many accumulated overseas assets, borrowing large amounts from the US and Canada) 为了给战争筹集资金，英国已经背上了沉重的债务
② British colonies which used to provide raw materials and big markets gained independence —the end of the era of empire. 过去常常为英国提供原材料和广阔市场的英国殖民地纷纷独立。
Summary of the decline:
The UK has experienced an economic decline since 1945. but this is a relative decline rather than an absolute one. Britain is wealthier and more productive than it was in 1945, but since other countries developed more rapidly, it has slid from being the 2nd largest economy to being the 6th.
2) By 1900, overtaken by the U.S and Germany.
一直到19世纪80年代，英国经济一直在世界上居于主导地位。但是到20世纪时，它被美国和德国超过。
英国经济200字英文作文
英国经济200字英文作文英文：The UK economy has been through some ups and downs in recent years. In the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, the country experienced a period of slow growth and high unemployment. However, in recent years, the economy has bounced back and is now one of the fastest-growing in Europe.One factor that has contributed to this growth is the government's commitment to reducing the budget deficit. By cutting spending and increasing taxes, the government has been able to reduce the deficit from 10% of GDP in 2010 to around 2% today. This has helped to restore confidence in the UK economy and attract investment.Another factor that has helped the economy is thegrowth of the tech sector. London has become a hub for tech startups, and companies like Deliveroo and TransferWisehave achieved global success. This has created jobs and boosted productivity, and the government has been keen to support this sector with tax breaks and other incentives.However, there are also challenges facing the UK economy. Brexit is causing uncertainty, and the outcome of negotiations with the EU could have a significant impact on trade and investment. In addition, the country's productivity growth has been sluggish, which could limitits ability to compete in the global economy in the long term.Overall, the UK economy has shown resilience in the face of challenges, but there is still work to be done to ensure sustained growth and prosperity.中文：英国经济近年来经历了一些起伏。
英国经济
Unclear power (new)
Manufacturing Industry
Pharmaceuticals (GlaxoSmithkline) Chemicals (ICI) Aerospace (the Third largest) Food and drink (Scotch whisky) Electronics industry (the fifth largest) Automobile (foreign-owned) Steel (BSC)
• The third largest center for international conference (US and France)
Foreign Trade
A long history of trading Export : manufactured goods, fuel, chemicals, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery, vehicles, aerospace products, electrical and electronic equipment. Export service: banking, insurance, stock brokerage, consulting and computer programming
Economic Policies (1945-1979)
• Labor Party - carried out drastic reforms
• nationalize key industries (such as coal,
steel and transport) • establish a welfare state(National Insurance Act and National Insurance(Industrial Injuries)Act)
英国经济发展英文作文
英国经济发展英文作文英文：The UK economy has undergone significant development over the past few decades. One of the major driving forces behind this growth has been the country's shift towards a service-based economy. This has led to the growth of industries such as finance, technology, and creative industries, which have all contributed to the UK's economic success.Another factor that has contributed to the UK's economic growth is its openness to international trade. The country has a long history of trade with other countries and has established itself as a hub for international business. This has allowed UK businesses to access new markets and customers, while also attracting foreign investment and talent.However, the UK economy has also faced challenges inrecent years, particularly in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. This has led to a period of slow growth and uncertainty, as businesses and consumers alike have been cautious about spending and investment.Despite these challenges, the UK economy has shown resilience and continues to grow. The government has implemented policies to support small businesses and encourage innovation, while also investing in infrastructure and education to support long-term growth.Overall, the UK economy has come a long way and continues to evolve. While there are challenges and uncertainties, there are also opportunities for growth and success.中文：过去几十年，英国经济发展取得了显著进展。
认识英国经济知识点总结
认识英国经济知识点总结英国是欧洲最大的岛国，也是全球第五大经济体，经济实力雄厚。
英国的经济发展主要依托于服务业，金融、保险、房地产等行业发达。
工业和农业也占有一定比重。
本文将围绕英国经济的宏观概况、经济结构、政府经济政策、经济发展趋势等方面对英国经济进行详细分析并总结知识点。
一、宏观概况1.1 国家地理、人口、货币英国位于欧洲西部，由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰四个国家组成。
它是一个多元文化的国家，拥有广泛的宗教信仰和语言。
英国人口约为6600万人，货币为英镑。
1.2 国民经济总体情况英国是发达国家，其国民经济总体相对较为强大。
英国国内生产总值（GDP）总体较高，人均GDP居世界前列。
工业、服务业和农业发展并重，经济结构合理。
英国的经济体量大，实力强，对世界经济影响力巨大。
1.3 贸易状况英国是国际贸易大国，自19世纪以来一直是国际贸易的中心。
英国贸易活跃，出口和进口规模大，市场开放程度高。
英国对世界上许多国家有贸易往来，是全球贸易大国之一。
二、经济结构2.1 服务业英国的服务业非常发达，包括金融、保险、房地产、运输、通讯、商业服务等行业。
金融业是英国最大的服务业，伦敦金融城是全球金融中心之一。
保险业也是英国的传统优势产业，拥有悠久的历史和丰富的经验。
房地产业也非常发达，住房市场活跃，房地产投资广泛。
2.2 工业英国的工业发达，主要包括汽车、航空航天、制药、机械等行业。
汽车产业是英国传统优势产业之一，英国的卡车、汽车制造技术一直处于国际先进水平。
航空航天产业也是英国的支柱产业，英国的航空航天技术一直处于国际领先地位。
制药、机械等产业也是英国的传统支柱产业之一。
2.3 农业英国的农业发达，主要包括畜牧业、种植业等。
畜牧业是英国传统优势产业之一，英国的奶制品、肉制品一直享誉世界。
种植业也非常发达，主要种植小麦、玉米、马铃薯等。
三、政府经济政策3.1 财政政策英国的财政政策稳健，力求经济平衡。
英国政府一直致力于控制财政赤字，缩减财政支出，控制债务规模。
英国经济
增长缓慢的十年（2000-2009）
在2000年至2009年的10年里，英国国内生产总值 平均每年仅增长1.7%，为上世纪40年代以来最低 增速。在上世纪最后10年，英国经济平均年增速 为2.2%，在上世纪60年代的10年，则一度高3.1%。 报道说，新世纪前10年，英国制造业平均每年收 缩1.2%。而即使在上世纪70年代和80年代制造业 不景气的两个10年里，英国制造业仍分别增0.6% 和1%。但是，新世纪前10年，英国服务业出现较 快增长，平均年增速为2.6%，处于历史“中等” 增 长水平。
（爆 一发 ）与
稳 定
现代英国经济发展
英国拥有大量的煤、天然气和石油储备； 英国的主要能源生产大约占总GDP的10%， 在工业国家是算非常高的。服务业，特别 是银行业、金融业、航运业、保险业以及 商业服务业占GDP的比重最大，而且处于 世界领导地位，首都伦敦更是世界数一数 二的金融、航运和服务中心。英国的名牌 国际工业包括劳斯莱斯、路虎等汽车和引 擎，名牌国际服务业包括马莎百货公司和 汇丰银行。
(8）增长缓慢的十年（2000-2009）
转型期（16-18世纪）
16-17世纪的英国正处于由封建社会向资本主义社 会过度时期，这个时期的英国新兴资产阶级为了 积累更多的原始积累财富，“重金主义”政策这 样便极大的促进了英国资本主义革命和相关产业 的发展，到了17世纪末18世纪初英国已经完成了 资本主义进程中的原始积累，为了向工业革命过 度并适应世界经济发展趋势“重金主义”政策也 转变为“重工主义”政策，向世界资本主义工业 化进程转变。
英国是在二十年代长期经济停滞的基础上爆发了三十 年代的经济危机。这次严重的经济危机开始于美国。 通过国际贸易和国际金融等渠道，英国很快受到美国 经济危机的影响。外来的震动和冲 击使英国国内经济中原来就存在的各种矛盾激化了。
英国国情经济简介_英文ppt
Margaret Thatcher
Significance
Nicknamed “The Iron Lady” The longest serving from 1979 to 1990 The first woman Prime Minister in the U.K.
Economic Belief
The Evolution of the British Economy since the War
• The evolution of the British economy since WWII falls into three periods: • (1) Steady development in the 50s and 60s: The British
Measures taken by Mrs. Thatcher's government to improve the economy
• Mrs. Thatcher‘s government took numerous
• •
measures to improve the efficiency of the economy during the past decade, using both macroeconomic and microeconomic policies.宏观经济政策和微观经济政 策 (1) Macroeconomic measures were directed towards bringing down the rate of inflation and achieving price stability. (2) Microeconomic policies were aimed at working with the grain of market forces by encouraging enterprise, efficiency and flexibility.
英国经济发展现状英文文献
英国经济发展现状英文文献The Current State of the British EconomyThe British economy is one of the largest and most developed in the world. It is a highly diversified economy, with a strong focus on services, manufacturing, and finance. In recent years, the British economy has faced a number of challenges, including the global financial crisis, Brexit, and the COVID-19 pandemic. However, despite these challenges, the British economy has remained resilient and continues to grow.One of the key drivers of the British economy is the service sector. This sector accounts for around 80% of the country’s GDP and includes industries such as finance, healthcare, education, and tourism. The financial services industry is particularly important, with London being one of the world’s leading financial centers. The manufacturing sector is also an important part of the British economy, although it has faced some challenges in recent years due to increased competition from emerging economies.Another important aspect of the British economy is its trade relationships. The UK is a major trading nation, with exports and imports accounting for a significant portion of its GDP. The UK’s main trading partners include the European Union, the United States, and China. Brexit has had a significant impact on the UK’s trade relationships, with the country now having to negotiate new trade deals with its partners.The COVID-19 pandemic has also had a significant impact on the British economy. The government has implemented a number of measures to support businesses and individuals during the pandemic, including furlough schemes and financial assistance. However, the pandemic hasled to a significant contraction in the economy, with many businesses struggling to survive.Looking to the future, the British economy faces a number of challenges and opportunities. One of the key challenges will be to manage the impact of Brexit and negotiate new trade deals with its partners. The government will also need to address issues such as productivity, skills shortages, and infrastructure investment to ensure the long-term growth of the economy.The British economy is a complex and diverse entity that faces a number of challenges and opportunities. Despite the recent challenges, the economy remains resilient and continues to grow. The government and businesses will need to work together to address the issues facing the economy and ensure its long-term success.。
Economy
(4月30日前至少翻译完上次的汉译英和本页的第一段（英国经济），能多翻点更好)The future of the world is of particular interest to my country because we have such a huge stake in it. Britain lives by commerce. With 2% of the world’s population, we are the world’s fifth largest trading nation. We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and services that we export, the investment that we attract and we make abroad. The strength of our financial sector is well-known; the world’s leading centre for international bank lending, foreign exchange, aviation and marine insurance海事保险, for example. But British exports range far beyond services, important as they are. We export one quarter of all we produce; more per head than either Japan or the United states. Our place in the flows of global capital is equally central. 27% of all foreign exchange dealing takes place in London. Britain is the world’s third largest outward investor. We ourselves attracts more foreign investment than any other country but the US; more US investment than in the whole Pacific region. The fruits of this two-way flow are substantial. Our overseas investments yield Britain a net income of over £10 billion a year. 世界经济的未来和我国休戚相关，所以我们格外关注。
英国经济economy of the UK
process
It was transformed into an urban and industrialised country with industrial revolutions at home starting from the late 18th century.
In the 1880s, Britain had become a dominant economic power. Its wealth was based on international trade and the payments that it received for its exported products.
the UK had been weakened by the costs of the World War II, .But it also brought an immediate transformation of the UK`s economic structure and policy。
From the sixteenth century, the growth of a colonial empire contributed to national wealth as Britain capitalized on its worldwide trading connections.
Nuclear energy: solar energy wind power, waterpower biofuels
• The average arable land of the UK is not so abundant,therefore, the United Kingdom pay more attention to agricultural productivity and land units to increase the yield per unit area.
economy是什么意思_economy的知识
economy是什么意思_economy的知识economy这一词最常用于金融经济方面，那么你们还知道它可以应用在哪儿么?下面店铺为大家带来economy的英语意思和相关用法，欢迎大家一起学习!目录economy的意思n.1.经济;节约;理财2.(Economy)人名;(英)伊科诺米economy的词语辨析financial, econmic, economy, economical这组词都有“经济的”的意思，其区别是financial 指“财务的，金钱的，财政的，财力的”。
econmic 指与political“政治的”相对而言的“经济的”。
economy 在名词前作形容词用，相当于economical，表“节约的”或“经济实惠的”。
economical 指与“节约”同义的“经济”，含“节约，不浪费”之意。
economy的词汇搭配state-owned economy 国有经济socialist economy 社会主义经济collective economy 集体经济knowledge-based economy 知识经济industrial economy 工业经济;产业经济学domestic economy n. 家庭经济;家政fuel economy 节约燃料;耗热率;燃料经济学diversified economy 多种经营;多种经济，多样化经济political economy 政治经济学commodity economy 商品经济economy的英语例句1. The economy remains deep in recession with few signs ofa pick-up.经济仍深陷衰退之中，几乎没有好转的迹象。
2. Their ultimate aim was a market economy for Hungary.他们最终的目标是为匈牙利建立起市场经济体制。
3. International investors have become jittery about the country's economy.国际投资者已对该国的经济状况感到紧张不安。
英语国家概况 第6章 英国经济
①The economy of the UK is the fifth-largest in the world in terms of market ex¬change rates and the sixth-largest bypurchasing power parity（PPP）.①按照市场汇率计算，英国是世界第五大经济体，按购买力平价计算排名世界第六。
②It is the second-largest economy （第二大经济体）in Europe after Germany.②是欧洲继德国之后第二大经济体。
③According to the World Bank’s statistics, its GDP per capita in2012 was the 25th-highest in the world.③根据世界银行的统计，其2012.年国内生产总值在世界排名第二十五位。
④In 2012, the UK was the 11th-largest exporter and the sixth-largest importer in the world.④2012年，英国是世界第十一大出口国和世界第六大进口国。
2）英国是世界上全球化程度最高的国家之一。
其首都伦敦是世界主要的金融中心之一，其他的金融中心还有纽约、中国香港和新加坡。
3）英国经济体是由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰经济体组成。
英国在1973年成为欧洲共同体的成员国，并签署了《马斯赫特条约》，在1993年欧盟成立之初便成为欧盟成员国。
1）1945-1960s Following the end of World War Ⅱ, the UK enjoyed a longperiod without a major recession （from 1945 to 1973）and arapid growth in prosperity in the 1950s and 1960s.1）1945年到20世纪60年代：第二次世界大战结束后，很长的一段时间内，英国保持平稳发展，没有出现大的经济衰退（1945年到1973年），在50、60年代，经济繁荣发展，增长快速。
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All these accounted for 10% of GDP. Owing to mismanagement and low efficiency, the Conservative governments between 1979 and 1996 denationalized oil companies, telecoms, gas, airlines, electricity, railways and water supply.
2 The Public Sector
The public sector refers to state-owned enterprises. The Labor government nationalized a number of big business soon after the Second World War, introduced a fromcradle-to-grave welfare system and extended its controls over banking and the money supply.
The system of free enterprise is mainly based on the theory first systematically expounded by British philosopher and economist Adam Smith (1723 – 1790) in his masterpiece An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, which was first published in 1776.
Most of theustries and social services, such as coalmining, electricity, post and telecoms, railways and bus companies, oil and gas.
5. Transportation and Communications
Britain has about 17, 700 kilometers of railroads. Britain invented the locomotive and was the first country to build a railway in the world in 1825.The Railway Act passed by Parliament in 1993 put tracks and train operations into the hands of a government-owned company known as Railtrack. Today railways are mainly used to carry bulky goods and a small number of particular travelers, about 7% of the total passenger transportation.(到2010年我国铁路总里程将超9万公里;
Chapter 3 Economy
Britain is one of the major market economies in the world. It is a member state of the seven major industrialized countries, known as group seven. Its gross domestic product is $1.5trillion(万 亿), with GDP per capita amounting to $ 25,000.
3 Private Sector
The private sector accounts for more than threequarters of Britain’s GDP, covering the fields of agriculture, mining, manufacturing, construction, distributive, financial and miscellaneous service industries. British companies contribute about 60% of the GDP. Companies tend to become large through merger, or the process of combining one enterprise with another.
1 Economic System and Structure
Britain’s economic system has been known as free enterprise, market economy, or capitalism Britain’s basic production facilities – land and capital – are privately owned.
4. Mining and Manufacturing Industries
According to British law, the owners of land have title to the minerals below the surface. The only exceptions are gold, silver, oil, and natural gas, which the Crown (the State) owns and leases to producers. Britain was rich in mineral resources before the Industrial Revolution, but today most of these resources are either exhausted or produced in small quantities.