IGCSE教学大纲
ESL教学大纲
ESL教学大纲ESL教学大纲ESL（English as a Second Language）教学大纲是指为非英语为母语的学生设计的英语教学计划和指导原则。
它是教师在教授英语作为第二语言时所依据的框架，旨在帮助学生提高英语听说读写能力，并促进他们在英语环境中的交流和适应能力。
一、背景介绍随着全球化的发展，英语已成为国际交流与合作的通用语言。
越来越多的人开始学习英语，尤其是那些非英语为母语的学生。
为了满足这一需求，ESL教学大纲应运而生。
二、教学目标ESL教学大纲的首要目标是帮助学生提高英语听说读写的能力。
在这个过程中，学生将逐渐掌握英语的基本语法、词汇和表达方式。
此外，大纲还注重培养学生的交际能力和文化意识，使他们能够在英语环境中自如地交流和适应。
三、教学内容ESL教学大纲的内容涵盖了英语的各个方面，包括语法、词汇、听力、口语、阅读和写作。
教学内容应根据学生的语言水平和学习需求进行有机组织和安排。
例如，对于初学者，重点可以放在基本词汇和日常用语的学习上；而对于中级学生，则可以加强语法和写作技巧的训练。
四、教学方法ESL教学大纲强调采用多元化的教学方法，以满足学生的不同学习需求。
教师可以运用听力训练、角色扮演、小组讨论等活动来激发学生的兴趣和参与度。
此外，使用多媒体教学工具、互动式教学软件等也是提高教学效果的有效手段。
五、评估与反馈ESL教学大纲强调对学生学习的评估和反馈。
教师可以通过课堂表现、作业、考试等方式来评估学生的学习成果。
同时，及时给予学生针对性的反馈和建议，帮助他们更好地理解和掌握英语知识。
六、教学资源ESL教学大纲鼓励教师积极利用各种教学资源，如教材、参考书籍、网络资源等。
这些资源可以丰富教学内容，提供更多的学习机会和练习材料。
七、教师角色在ESL教学中，教师扮演着重要的角色。
他们不仅仅是知识的传授者，更是学生学习的引导者和指导者。
教师应根据学生的特点和需求，设计合适的教学活动，并提供个性化的指导和支持。
IGCSE教学大纲经编版
IGCSE教学大纲1.剑桥考试：May/June examination session and the October/November examination session.2.CIE :Cambridge International Examinations剑桥大学国际考试局3.IGCSE ：International General Certificate of Secondary Education国际中学教育普通证书的考试4.Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry is accepted by universities and employers as proof of essential chemistry knowledge and ability. As well as a subject focus, the Chemistry syllabus enables students to:•better understand the technological world in which they live, and take an informed interest in science and scientific (科学的、系统的)developments •learn about the basic principles of Chemistry through a mix of theoretical（理论的）and practical studies•develop an understanding of the scientific skills essential for further study at A Level, skills which are useful in everyday life•learn how science is studied and practised（实践）, and become aware that the results of scientific research can have both good and bad effects on individuals个体, communities团体and the environment5.Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry candidates are awarded grades ranging from A* to G. 成绩从A* 到G.6.Candidates expected to achieve grades D, E, F or G, study the Core Curriculum核心课程only and are eligible（有资格、合格的）for grades C to G. Candidates expected to achieve grade C or higher should study the Extended Curriculum延展课程, which comprises the Core and Supplement Curriculums; these candidates are eligible for all grades from A* to G.7.All candidates must enter for three papers.一、Paper1：单项选择，45分钟占总成绩的30%二、Paper2: 核心理论，1小时15分钟，占总成绩的50%Paper3：扩充理论，1小时15分钟，占总成绩的50%三、Paper4：修习，指定功课，职业培训(school-based assessment)Paper5：实验操作，1小时15分，占总成绩的20%Paper6：实验笔试(written paper)，1小时，占总成绩的20%8.Assessment objectives评价目标：The three assessment objectives in Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry are:A .Knowledge with understandingStudents should be able to demonstrate（展示）knowledge and understanding in relation to:⑴ scientific phenomena, facts, laws, definitions, concepts and theories⑵ scientific vocabulary, terminology（术语）and conventions常规(including symbols, quantities and units)⑶ scientific instruments and apparatus, including techniques of operation and aspects of safety⑷ scientific quantities and their determination⑸ scientific and technological applications with their social, economic and environmental implications涉及、密切关系.考试题型：Define定义, state陈述, describe描述, explain解释or outline 概述B .Handling information and problem solvingStudents should be able, in words or using other written forms of presentation展示、陈述(i.e. Symbolic符号的, graphical图解的and numerical数字的), to:⑴ locate, select, organise and present information from a variety of sources⑵ translate information from one form to another将信息从一种形式转换到另一种形式⑶ Manipulate处理numerical and other data⑷ use information to identify patterns, report trends and draw inferences 推断、推理⑸ present reasoned explanations for phenomena, patterns and relationships⑹ make predictions and hypotheses假定、臆测⑺ solve problems, including some of a quantitative nature定量性质. predict, suggest, calculate or determineC .Experimental skills（实验技能）and investigationsStudents should be able to:⑴ know how to use techniques, apparatus and materials (including following a sequence顺序of instructions where appropriate)⑵ make and record observations, measurements and estimates评价⑶ interpret and evaluate experimental observations and data⑷ plan investigations, evaluate methods and suggest possible improvements (including the selection of techniques, apparatus and materials).9. Scheme of assessment评估方案⑴ All candidates must enter for three papers: Paper 1; either Paper 2 or Paper 3; and one from Papers 4, 5 or 6.⑵ Candidates who have only studied the Core curriculum, or who areexpected to achieve a grade D or below, should normally be entered for Paper 2.⑶ Candidates who have studied the Extended curriculum, and who are expected to achieve a grade C or above, should be entered for Paper 3.⑷ All candidates must take a practical paper, chosen from: Paper 4 (Coursework), Paper 5 (Practical Test), or Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical).10.11.Curriculum content课程内容12.Practical assessmentCriteria for assessment of experimental skills and abilities评估标准的实验技能和能力⑴ Each skill must be assessed on a six-point scale, level 6 being the highest level of achievement. Each of the skills is defined in terms of three levels of achievement at scores of 2, 4, and 6.⑵ A score of 0 is available if there is no evidence of positive achievement for a skill.⑶ For candidates who do not meet the criteria for a score of 2, a score of1 is available if there is some evidence of positive achievement.⑷ A score of 3 is available for candidates who go beyond the level defined for 2, but who do not meet fully the criteria for 4.⑸ Similarly, a score of 5 is available for those who go beyond the level defined for 4, but do not meet fully the criteria for 6.\。
igcse0580数学考纲
igcse0580数学考纲摘要：1.IGCSE 0580数学考纲简介2.IGCSE 0580数学考试结构与内容3.考试要求与评分标准4.备考策略与建议正文：IGCSE（International General Certificate of Secondary Education）是国际普通中等教育证书，广泛应用于全球范围内的中学教育。
其中，IGCSE 0580数学考纲旨在评估学生在数学领域的知识、技能和理解能力。
下面将详细介绍IGCSE 0580数学考纲的内容、考试结构、要求与建议。
一、IGCSE 0580数学考纲简介IGCSE 0580数学考纲涵盖了基础数学、代数、几何、三角函数、数据与概率等各个方面。
考试旨在评估学生在这些领域的核心概念和应用能力的掌握程度。
二、IGCSE 0580数学考试结构与内容IGCSE 0580数学考试分为两部分：试卷1和试卷2。
1.试卷1：占总分的50%，包括选择题、填空题、解答题等，主要考察学生的计算能力、理解能力和应用能力。
2.试卷2：占总分的50%，包括数据处理、几何作图、函数图像、证明题等，主要考察学生的分析能力、解决问题的能力和创新思维。
三、考试要求与评分标准1.考试时间：1小时30分钟。
2.考试语言：英文。
3.评分标准：试卷1和试卷2各占50%的权重，试卷1中的选择题和填空题每题1分，解答题根据难度和完成程度给分；试卷2中的题目根据难度、完成程度和创新性给分。
四、备考策略与建议1.熟悉考纲：深入了解IGCSE 0580数学考纲的要求，确保掌握各个领域的核心知识点。
2.强化基础：加强计算能力、理解能力和应用能力的训练，提高解题速度和正确率。
3.练习真题：多做历年真题，了解考试题型和难度，培养应试技巧。
4.提高英语能力：提高英语水平，确保在阅读和理解题目时不受语言限制。
5.调整心态：保持积极的心态，合理规划备考时间，确保充足的休息。
总之，IGCSE 0580数学考试对学生的知识、技能和心理素质都提出了较高的要求。
物理IG先行课程大纲
物理IG先行课程大纲课程目标：1.掌握IGCSE运动学和力学部分和热物理学的内容，解决初中遗留的物理问题。
2.对理科内容进行中英文衔接，方便理解。
3.为秋季开学做准备，培养对物理的学习兴趣。
第一节课: physical quantities and SI base units, measurement, density-Understand what is a physical quantity-Understand the SI base units of fundamental physical quantities-The relationship between SI base units and derived units-Use and describe the use of rules and measuring cylinders to find a length or a volume-Understand that a Vernier caliper and micrometer screw gauge are used to measure very small distances-Use and describe the use of clocks and devices, both analogue and digital, for measuring an interval of time-Obtain an average value for a small distance and for a short interval of time by measuring multiples (including the period of a pendulum)-Know the prefixes: T, G, M, k, d, c, m, μ, n, p-Describe an experiment to determine the density of a liquid and of a regularly shaped solid and make the necessary calculation-Describe the determination of the density of an irregularly shaped solid by the method of displacement-Recall and use the equation ρ =m/V第二节课: Motion-Understand that vectors have a magnitude and direction-Demonstrate an understanding of the difference between scalars and vectors and give common examples-Distinguish between speed and velocity，displacement and distance,-Determine graphically the resultant of two vectors- Define speed and calculate average speed from total distance/ total time- Define and calculate acceleration using change of velocity/ time taken- Calculate speed from the gradient of a distance-time graph- Calculate acceleration from the gradient of a speed-time graph- Calculate the area under a speed-time graph to work out the distance travelled- Recognise motion for which the acceleration is constant and not constant第三节课：Newton’s laws of motion, force, mass and weight-Distinguish mass and weight-Describe the ways in which a force may change the motion of a body-Recognise that if there is no resultant force on a body it either remains at rest or continues at constant speed in a straight line-Find the resultant of two or more forces acting along the same line-Recall and use the relationship between force, mass and acceleration (including the direction), F = ma-Describe qualitatively motion in a circular path due to a perpendicular force-State that the acceleration of free fall for a body near to the Earth is constant-Describe qualitatively the motion of bodies falling in a uniform gravitational field with and without air resistance (including reference to terminal velocity)-Newton’s third law of motion第四节课：Turning effect, equilibrium, centre of mass-Describe the moment of a force as a measure of its turning effect and give everyday examples-Calculate moment using the product force perpendicular distance from the pivot -Apply the principle of moments to the balancing of a beam about a pivot-Recognise that, when there is no resultant force and no resultant turning effect,a system is in equilibrium-Perform and describe an experiment to determine the position of the centre of mass of a plane lamina-Describe qualitatively the effect of the position of the centre of mass on the stability of simple objects第五节课：Energy, work and Power-Identify changes in kinetic, gravitational potential, chemical, elastic (strain), nuclear and internal energy that have occurred as a result of an event or process -Apply the principle of conservation of energy to examples involving multiple stages-Recall and use the expressions kinetic energy = 1/2mv2 and change in gravitational potential energy = mgΔh-Demonstrate understanding that work done = energy transferred-Relate (without calculation) work done to the magnitude of a force and the distance moved in the direction of the force-Relate (without calculation) power to work done and time taken,第六节课：Momentum-Understand the concepts of momentum and impulse-Recall and use the equation, momentum = mass*velocity, p = mv-Recall and use the equation for impulse Ft = mv – mu-Apply the principle of the conservation of momentum to solve simple problems in one dimension第七节课：Energy resources and pressure-Describe how electricity or other useful forms of energy may be obtained from: –– chemical energy stored in fuel–– water, including the energy stored in waves, in tides, and in water behind hydroelectric dams–– geothermal resources–– nuclear fission–– heat and light from the Sun (solar cells and panels)–– wind-Understand that the nuclear fusion in the Sun is the source of energy for all our energy resources except geothermal, nuclear and tidal-Give advantages and disadvantages of each method in terms of renewability, cost, reliability, scale and environmental impact-Recall and use the equation p = F / A-Relate (without calculation) the pressure beneath a liquid surface to depth and to density, using appropriate examples, and use the equation p = hρg-Describe the simple mercury barometer and its use in measuring atmospheric pressure-第八节课：Simple kinetic molecular model of matter, evaporation and origin of pressure- State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases- Describe qualitatively the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases in terms of the arrangement, separation and motion of the molecules- Show an understanding of the random motion of particles in a suspension as evidence for the kinetic molecular model of matter (Brownian motion)- Describe evaporation in terms of the escape of more-energetic molecules from the surface of a liquid- Relate evaporation to the consequent cooling of the liquid- differences between evaporation and boiling- Demonstrate an understanding of how temperature, surface area and draught over a surface influence evaporation- Explain pressure in terms of the change of momentum of the particles striking the walls creating a force第九节课：heat capacity and latent heat-Explain, in terms of the motion and arrangement of molecules, the relative order of the magnitude of the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases-Understand differences between internal energy, thermal energy and temperature Show an understanding of what is meant by the thermal capacity of a body and use the equation thermal capacity = mc-Define specific heat capacity, and use the equation change in energy = mcΔT-Describe an experiment to measure the specific heat capacity of a substance-Describe melting and boiling in terms of energy input without a change in temperature-Use the terms latent heat of vaporisation and latent heat of fusion and give a molecular interpretation of latent heat-Define specific latent heat, and use the equation energy = ml-Describe an experiment to measure specific latent heats for steam and for ice。
igcse物理知识点大纲
剑桥IGCSE作为一种学业成绩，受到了高等教育机构和雇主的广泛认可。
在英国，许多大学都将A-Level成绩与IGCSE成绩结合起来作为共同的录取要求。
而对于学生来说了解知识点大纲是他们学习相关课程的第一步。
一、材料支持关于剑桥大学igcse考试的的物理教学大纲，已关于过往的考试试题和答案都已经全部收录在教学大纲和支持材料的DVD里面，有关方面会发送给所有剑桥学校。
也可以访问我们的官方的公共网站下载当前和以后的教学大纲。
连同样本文件或过去的试题文件和考试答案从一个系列。
为注册剑桥学校的教师提供一系列额外的辅助材料。
教学大纲可以从教师那获得，同样我们也可以在线上获得，可以访问官方网站。
二、资源清单我们与出版商合作，为我们的教学大纲提供一系列资源，包括课本、网站、光盘等。
任何获得认可、建议的资源均已在剑桥的公众网页及关于教师支持。
你们可以在网上对资源列表进行筛选，以显示出你想要的资源，或者只显示那些已认可或者是剑桥推荐的资源。
剑桥认可的资源经过了详细质量认证过程，它们是与他们所支持的剑桥教学大纲紧密结合。
三、物理大纲内容主要内容：普通物理，热物理学，波的性质，电磁学，原子物理知识点列表：1普通物理1.1长度和时间1.2 速率速度和加速度1.3 质量和重力1.4 密度1.5 力：(a)力的效果，(b)转动效果，(c)平衡条件，(d)重心，(e)标量和矢量1.6 能量能源功和功率1.7 压强2 热物理2.1 分子热运动简单模型：(a)物质的态，(b)分子模型，(c)蒸发，(d)压强的改变2.2 热性质：(a)固体液体气体的热膨胀，(b)温度的测量，(c)热容，(d)熔化和沸腾2.3 热能的传递：(a)热传导，(c)热对流，(d)热辐射，(e)热能传递导致的效果3波的性质3.1 波的一般性质3.2 光：(a)光的反射，(b)光的折射，(c)薄透镜，(d)光的色散，(e)电磁波谱3.3 声波4 电磁学4.1 简单磁现象4.2 电学物理量：(a)电荷，(b)电流，(c)电动势，(d)电压，(e)电阻，(e)电能4.3 电路：(a)电路图，(b)串联，(c)并联，(d)电路元件的作用和使用，(e)数字电路电子学4.4 安全用电和电的危害4.5 电磁效应：(a)电磁感应，(b)交流发电机，(c)变压器，(e)电流的磁效应，(f)通电导体在磁场中受力，(g)直流电动机4.6 阴极射线示波器：(a)阴极射线，(b)阴极射线示波器的简单实用5 原子物理5.1 放射性：(a)放射性探测，(b)三种放射性基本特征，(c)放射性衰变，(d)半衰期，(e)安全事项5.2 原子：(a)原子模型，(b)原子核，(c)同位素学通国际课程培训中心自2008年起一直致力于ALEVEL、IGCSE、IB、AP、SAT2等主流国际课程中30多门科目的提分与培优，经11年深耕教学，目前已拥有教师团队80余人，其中20%为博士，80%为名校海归硕士，平均国际课程教龄8年以上，每年为学生提供50000小时以上的高品质课程。
IGCSE现代文阅读基础训练手册
IGCSE现代文阅读基础训练手册IGCSE现代文阅读基础训练手册引言：IGCSE现代文阅读是高中生在学习国际普通证书教育（IGCSE）时，必须学习并掌握的重要技能之一。
它不仅帮助学生提升他们的阅读理解能力，还培养他们对文学作品的欣赏和理解能力。
本文旨在介绍一本名为《IGCSE现代文阅读基础训练手册》的教材，该教材将帮助学生在这一领域取得进展。
第一部分：教材概述在第一部分，我们将简要介绍《IGCSE现代文阅读基础训练手册》的主要内容和目标。
该教材由一群经验丰富的教育专家编写，旨在帮助学生提高对文学作品的理解和分析能力。
通过丰富的例子和练习，学生将学会解析文本、识别主题和隐含意义，以及分析作者使用的修辞手法等。
第二部分：教材特点在第二部分，我们将详细介绍《IGCSE现代文阅读基础训练手册》的特点和优势。
该教材采用了系统的教学方法，让学生逐步学习和掌握各种阅读技巧。
特别值得一提的是，教材提供了多个难度级别的练习，以满足不同水平的学生需求。
此外，教材还包含了丰富的文学作品和短篇故事，让学生有机会阅读不同类型和时期的文学作品。
第三部分：教学方法在第三部分，我们将介绍教材采用的主要教学方法和策略。
《IGCSE现代文阅读基础训练手册》鼓励学生通过对文本的细致阅读和分析，来深入理解其中的含义和主题。
书中的例子和练习都以一个逐渐增加难度的方式呈现，以帮助学生逐步提高他们的阅读能力。
此外，教材还提供了学习文学分析的工具和技巧，以帮助学生更好地理解和解读文本。
第四部分：总结与回顾在第四部分，我们将对《IGCSE现代文阅读基础训练手册》进行总结与回顾。
该教材为学生提供了一个全面而系统的学习文学阅读的机会。
通过学习这本教材，学生可以培养对文学作品的深入理解和欣赏能力，并为他们未来的学业打下坚实的基础。
结论：通过对《IGCSE现代文阅读基础训练手册》的介绍，我们可以看到这本教材对于帮助学生提高阅读理解能力和文学鉴赏能力有着重要的作用。
IGCSE课程设计
IGCSE课程设计一、课程目标知识目标：1. 学生能够掌握IGCSE课程中相应章节的核心概念，如物理原理、化学反应等，并能够运用这些概念解释现实生活中的现象。
2. 学生能准确理解和运用相关的专业术语，总结和归纳学科知识要点。
技能目标：1. 学生通过实验、探究等活动，提升观察、分析、解决问题的能力。
2. 学生能够运用所学知识，进行批判性思考，形成自己的见解，并有效地进行口头及书面表达。
情感态度价值观目标：1. 培养学生对学科的兴趣和热情，激发他们主动探索未知的欲望。
2. 强化学生的团队合作意识，学会尊重他人意见，培养良好的学术讨论氛围。
3. 引导学生认识到科学对社会发展的积极作用，培养他们的社会责任感和环保意识。
课程性质：本课程为IGCSE学科的核心内容，旨在为学生提供扎实的学科基础，同时注重培养学生的实践能力和创新精神。
学生特点：考虑到学生的年级和认知水平，课程设计将注重理论与实践相结合，以生动有趣的方式引导学生主动学习。
教学要求：课程将注重学生的参与度和互动性，采用多元化的教学方法，确保学生在掌握知识的同时，能够提升综合素养。
通过明确具体的学习成果，使教学设计和评估更具针对性。
二、教学内容本课程将依据以下教学内容展开：1. 物理学科：第一章“力学基础”，包括牛顿运动定律、重力、摩擦力等概念的学习。
第二章“能量与功率”，涉及能量守恒、不同形式的能量转换等内容。
2. 化学学科：第一章“物质的组成与变化”，包括原子结构、化学键、化学反应等知识点。
第二章“化学计量学”，涉及物质的量的计算、摩尔概念、化学方程式的平衡等。
3. 生物学科：第一章“细胞结构与功能”，包括细胞膜、细胞器、细胞代谢等。
第二章“遗传与进化”，涵盖基因、DNA、自然选择等核心概念。
教学大纲安排如下：- 第一周：物理学科力学基础，化学学科物质组成与变化。
- 第二周：物理学科能量与功率，化学学科化学计量学。
- 第三周：生物学科细胞结构与功能，遗传与进化。
igcse大纲20232025
IGCSE大纲2023-2025对于全球各地的高中生而言，是一个备受关注的话题。
作为国际通用的中学教育标准，IGCSE大纲的更新往往会影响到全球各地的教学内容和教学质量。
IGCSE大纲2023-2025的发布，意味着新一轮的考试标准和教学内容将会带来哪些变化呢？在本篇文章中，我们将对IGCSE大纲2023-2025进行全面的解读和分析，以帮助读者更好地了解新的教学要求和考试内容。
一、背景介绍IGCSE（国际通用中学教育证书）是由剑桥国际考试委员会（CIE）针对全球各地中学生开设的中学教育课程和考试。
其大纲涵盖了多个学科，涉及自然科学、社会科学、语言文学等多个领域，因此备受全球中学生和教师的关注。
每次IGCSE大纲的更新都会对全球各地的中学教学和考试带来影响，因此备受关注。
二、教学内容的更新1. 学科设置的调整IGCSE大纲2023-2025对学科设置进行了一定的调整，涉及到了自然科学、社会科学、语言文学等多个领域。
在新的大纲中，一些新的学科可能被引入，而一些旧的学科可能会被调整或剔除。
这对于学生和教师来说都意味着需要对课程内容和考试要求进行重新认识和理解。
2. 教学内容的更新新的大纲对于教学内容的要求可能会有所调整。
在自然科学领域，可能会引入新的科学理论和实验内容；在社会科学领域，可能会强调对当代社会问题的认识和理解；在语言文学领域，可能会对文学作品和文学理论进行更新和调整。
这些都将对教师的教学内容和考试准备提出新的要求。
三、考试形式的变化1. 考试方式的调整IGCSE大纲2023-2025可能会对考试方式进行一定的调整。
可能会引入新的考试形式和题型，例如开放式问题、案例分析题等；可能会对考试时间和考试环境进行调整，要求学生在更加真实和复杂的环境下进行考试。
这将对学生的复习和考试准备提出新的挑战。
2. 考试内容的更新新的大纲可能会对考试内容进行一定的更新。
可能会调整考试的重点和难度，并对一些新的领域和新的知识点进行测试；可能会调整考试题型，对学生的综合能力和创新能力进行更加全面和深入的考核。
igcse中文课程大纲
igcse中文课程大纲
根据Cambridge IGCSE中文课程大纲，学生需要掌握以下能力和知识：
1.听力能力：
- 能够理解听到的中文对话、短文和讲座的主要内容和细节；
- 能够理解和回答与生活、学习和个人经历相关的问题；
- 能够理解并回答简单的指令和请求。
2.口语能力：
- 能够运用中文进行日常交流，如问候、交流个人信息、询问问题等；
- 能够描述或讨论自己的兴趣、经历和计划；
- 能够参与简单的对话和小组讨论。
3.阅读能力：
- 能够阅读中文文章、广告、简单的小说、短文和新闻报道；
- 能够理解主要内容、细节和隐含意义；
- 能够回答与阅读材料相关的问题。
4.写作能力：
- 能够写作中文短文、书信、电子邮件和卡片等；
- 能够表达个人意见、经历和观点；
- 能够通过文字组织和传达信息。
5.文化和社会意识：
- 理解中国和其他中文使用国家的文化、传统和社会习俗；
- 了解中国历史、地理和重要人物。
这些能力和知识将通过各种教学活动、课堂讨论、阅读材料和写作练习进行培养和评估。
考试形式可能包括听力测试、口语表达、阅读理解和写作任务等。
《国际人才英语》教学大纲
《国际人才英语》教学大纲一、课程定位1、课程的性质与作用本课程为商务英语专业核心必修课，为满足相关企事业单位对员工和应聘人员英语能力测评的需要所开设。
本课程主要使学生掌握商务情境中的听说读写译以及商务环境下的商务书面沟通和口头沟通。
2、本课程与其它课程的关系其前导课程有《商务英语精读》，《商务英语阅读》，《商务英语视听》，《商务英语口语》，其后续课程有《国际贸易理论与实务》，《商务英语翻译》，《商务英语口译》、《外贸函电与写作》。
二、课程教学目标本课程强调知识和技能与学生的互动联系，以真实的职场情境和活动为载体，使学生具备沟通能力、分析问题能力与解决问题的能力、跨文化理解与表达能力，思辨能力。
通过该课程学习，学生获得国际人才一级证书，认定学生在社会工作中的日常接待和运用英语的能力。
三、教学基本要求本课程需要教师熟练操作多媒体设备，能具有较强的英语表达能力，能采用“驱动-促成-评价”教学流程，培养学生的语言综合应用能力。
本课程需要学生具有较强的英语听说以及沟通能力，进行选择性学习。
四、教学内容及学时分配第一章Present information about the companies （5学时）1、教学内容第一节The general information about company from various sources第二节Two structures of a comparison report第三节Transitional words and expressions to make comparison and contrast2、重点、难点重点：Use tenses correctly when presenting different information难点：Present information about companies by making comparison第二章Make arrangements for the field trip （4学时）1、教学内容第一节Specific information like numbers, dates, places and events 第二节The structure of an agenda第三节Write concise and specific information2、重点、难点重点：Planning agenda items难点：Create the field trip agenda第三章Categorize the audience’s feedback （5学时）1、教学内容第一节Identify different people’s attitudes from various sources 第二节The structure of a T-chart第三节Express likes and dislikes2、重点、难点重点：Categorize information in the same aspect难点：Make a T-chart to categorize the audience’s feedback第四章Summarize the feedback （4学时）1、教学内容第一节Get specific information from various sources第二节The structure of a feedback summary第三节Reporting verbs in summary writing2、重点、难点重点：Use data to make a summary more convincing难点：Summarize the feedback第五章Propose a new guest （4学时）1、教学内容第一节Get information about a person from various sources第二节The structure of a proposal email第三节Writing supporting details: figures and examples2、重点、难点重点：Writing an effective subject line难点：Writing a proposal email第六章Introduce the show to the new guest （5学时）1、教学内容第一节Get information about the show from various sources第二节The structure of a program introduction第三节Persuasive techniques in a program introduction2、重点、难点重点：Appropriate communication approach难点：Draft the program introduction第七章Express opinions in the meeting （5学时）1、教学内容第一节Get specific information and evaluate information from various sources 第二节The structure of expressing opinions第三节Express opinions and give evidence2、重点、难点重点：Avoid vague language in expressing opinions难点：Express clear and well-supported opinions in the meeting第八章Give feedback on the new program proposal （4学时）1、教学内容第一节Identify people’s attitudes from various sources第二节The structure of a proposal acceptance email第三节Express acceptance2、重点、难点重点：Show appreciation in the correct way难点：Writing a proposal acceptance email第九章Speaking（8学时）1、教学内容第一节Business establishment第二节Telephone voice message第三节Product presentation2、重点、难点重点：Business contact in a specific business environment难点：Oral message delivery and enquiry discussion第十章Writing （8学时）1、教学内容第一节Letter of complaints第二节Letter of apology第三节Letter of invitation2、重点、难点重点：Email structure难点：Key sentences and words application五、课程考核本课程的期末考查为闭卷形式，主要以书面表达为主，教师以各学期的课程进度来设置期末考查范围。
igcse计算机科学2020-2021大纲0478
Version 1SyllabusCambridge IGCSE® Computer Science 0478For examination in June and November 2020 and 2021.Also available for examination in March 2020 and 2021 for India only.Why choose Cambridge?Cambridge Assessment International Education prepares school students for life, helping them develop an informed curiosity and a lasting passion for learning. We are part of the University of Cambridge.Our international qualifications are recognised by the world’s best universities and employers, giving students a wide range of options in their education and career. As a not-for-profit organisation, we devote our resources to delivering high-quality educational programmes that can unlock learners’ potential.Our programmes and qualifications set the global standard for international education. They are created by subject experts, rooted in academic rigour and reflect the latest educational research. They provide a strong platform for learners to progress from one stage to the next, and are well supported by teaching and learning resources.Our mission is to provide educational benefit through provision of international programmes and qualifications for school education and to be the world leader in this field. Together with schools, we develop Cambridge learners who are confident, responsible, reflective, innovative and engaged – equipped for success in the modern world. Every year, nearly a million Cambridge students from 10 000 schools in 160 countries prepare for their future with an international education from Cambridge International.‘We think the Cambridge curriculum is superb preparation for university.’Christoph Guttentag, Dean of Undergraduate Admissions, Duke University, USACambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.UCLES retains the copyright on all its publications. Registered centres are permitted to copy material from this booklet for their own internal use. However, we cannot give permission to centres to photocopy any material that is acknowledged to a third party even for internal use within a centre.Contents1 Why choose this syllabus? (2)2 Syllabus overview (4)Aims 4Content overview 5Assessment overview 6Assessment objectives 73 Subject content (8)Section 1 Theory of Computer Science 8Section 2 Practical Problem-solving and Programming 134 Details of the assessment (15)Component 1 – Paper 1 Theory 15Component 2 – Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming 15Paper 2 – Problem-solving and Programming pre-release material 15Notes for guidance 165 What else you need to know (17)Before you start 17Making entries 18After the exam 19How students and teachers can use the grades 19Grade descriptions 19Changes to this syllabus for 2020 and 2021 20 Changes to this syllabusFor information about changes to this syllabus for 2020 and 2021, go to page 20.The latest syllabus is version 1, published September 2017. There are no significant changes which affect teaching.Any textbooks endorsed to support the syllabus for examination from 2015 are still suitable for use with this syllabus.Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021./igcse Back to contents page1 Why choose this syllabus?Key benefitsCambridge IGCSE ® syllabuses are created especially for international students. For over 25 years, we have worked with schools and teachers worldwide to develop syllabuses that are suitable for different countries, different types of schools and for learners with a wide range of abilities.Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science learners study the principles and practices of computing and gain confidence in computational thinking and programming. They learn to program by writing computer code and they develop their understanding of the main principles of problem-solving using computers.Learners apply their understanding to develop computer-based solutions to problems using algorithms and a high-level programming language. They also develop a range of technical skills, as well as the ability to test effectively and to evaluate computing solutions.This qualification helps learners appreciate current and emerging computing technologies and the benefits of their use. They learn to recognise the ethical issues and potential risks when using computers.Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science is an ideal foundation for further study in Computer Science. Understanding the principles of Computer Science provides learners with the underpinning knowledge required for many other subjects in science and engineering, and the skills learnt can also be used in everyday life.Our programmes balance a thorough knowledge and understanding of a subject and help to develop the skills learners need for their next steps in education or employment.Our approach encourages learners to be:Cambridge learner‘The strength of Cambridge IGCSE qualifications is internationally recognised and has provided an international pathway for our students to continue their studies around the world.’Gary Tan , Head of Schools and CEO, Raffles International Group of Schools, IndonesiaCambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021. Why choose this syllabus?3/igcse Back to contents page Recognition and progressionThe combination of knowledge and skills in Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science gives learners a solid foundation for further study. Candidates who achieve grades A* to C are well prepared to follow a wide range of courses including Cambridge International AS & A Level Computer Science.Cambridge IGCSEs are accepted and valued by leading universities and employers around the world as evidence of academic achievement. Many universities require a combination of Cambridge International AS & A Levels and Cambridge IGCSEs or equivalent to meet their entry requirements.UK NARIC, the national agency in the UK for the recognition and comparison of international qualifications and skills, has carried out an independent benchmarking study of Cambridge IGCSE and found it to be comparable to the standard of GCSE in the UK. This means students can be confident that their Cambridge IGCSE qualifications are accepted as equivalent to UK GCSEs by leading universities worldwide.Learn more at /recognitionSupporting teachersWe provide a wide range of practical resources, detailed guidance, and innovative training and professional development so that you can give your learners the best possible preparation for Cambridge IGCSE.‘Cambridge IGCSE is one of the most sought-after and recognised qualifications in the world. It is very popular in Egypt because it provides the perfect preparation for success at advanced level programmes.’Mrs Omnia Kassabgy , Managing Director of British School in Egypt BSECambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.2 Syllabus overviewAimsThe aims describe the purposes of a course based on this syllabus.The aims are to develop:•computational thinking, that is thinking about what can be computed and how, and includes consideration of the data required•understanding of the main principles of solving problems by using computers•understanding that every computer system is made up of sub-systems, which in turn consist of further sub-systems•understanding of the component parts of computer systems and how they interrelate, including software, data, hardware, communications and people•skills necessary to apply understanding to solve computer-based problems using a high-level programming language./igcse Back to contents pageCambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021. Syllabus overview5/igcse Back to contents page Content overviewSections TopicsSection 1 Theory of computer science 1.1 Data representation1.1.1 Binary systems1.1.2 Hexadecimal1.1.3 Data storage1.2 Communication and Internet technologies1.2.1 Data transmission1.2.2 Security aspects1.2.3 Internet principles of operation1.3 Hardware and software1.3.1 Logic gates1.3.2 C omputer architecture and the fetch-execute cycle1.3.3 Input devices1.3.4 Output devices1.3.5 Memory, storage devices and media1.3.6 Operating systems1.3.7 High- and low-level languages and their translators1.4 Security1.5 EthicsSection 2 Practical problem-solving and programming 2.1 Algorithm design and problem-solving2.1.1 Problem-solving and design2.1.2 Pseudocode and flowcharts2.2 Programming2.2.1 Programming concepts2.2.2 Data structures; arrays2.3 DatabasesCambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021. Syllabus overview/igcse Back to contents pageAssessment overview All candidates take two papers.All candidates take:and:Paper 1 1 hour 45 minutes Theory 60%75 marksShort-answer and structured questionsQuestions will be based on section 1 of thesubject contentAll questions are compulsoryNo calculators are permittedExternally assessed Paper 2 1 hour 45 minutes Problem-solving and 40%Programming 50 marks Short-answer and structured questions Questions will be based on section 2 of the subject content All questions are compulsory 20 marks are from questions set on thepre-release material¹No calculators are permitted Externally assessed 1 T he pre-release material for Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming is made available to centres shortly after the estimated entries deadline for the June and November examinations. For the March examination it will be made available to centres shortly after the 0478 Computer Science final entries deadline. It is also reproduced in the question paper. Candidates must not bring any prepared material into the examination.Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021. Syllabus overview7/igcse Back to contents page Assessment objectives The assessment objectives (AOs) are:AO1 Recall, select and communicate knowledge and understanding ofcomputer technologyAO2 Apply knowledge, understanding and skills to solve computing orprogramming problemsAO3 Analyse, evaluate, make reasoned judgements and present conclusionsWeighting for assessment objectivesThe approximate weightings allocated to each of the assessment objectives (AOs) are summarised below.Assessment objectives as a percentage of the qualificationAssessment objective Weighting in IGCSE %AO140AO240AO320Assessment objectives as a percentage of each componentAssessment objective Weighting in components %Paper 1Paper 2AO15320AO22760AO32020Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.3 Subject contentAnnual technical updatesTechnical updates will be published each year to take account of emerging technologies relevant to thesubject content. Please refer to the updates page for this syllabus on the Cambridge International website/0478 for the relevant year of examination.For Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science, the assessment is by written examination but the learning shouldhappen in a mainly practical way: problem-solving and programming.Section 1 Theory of Computer Science1.1 Data representation1.1.1 Binary systemsCandidates should be able to:•recognise the use of binary numbers in computer systems•convert positive denary integers into binary and positive binary integers into denary (a maximum of 16 bits will be used)•show understanding of the concept of a byte and how the byte is used to measure memory size•use binary in computer registers for a given application (such as in robotics, digital instruments and counting systems)1.1.2 HexadecimalCandidates should be able to:•represent positive numbers in hexadecimal notation•show understanding of the reasons for choosing hexadecimal notation to represent numbers•convert positive hexadecimal integers to and from denary (a maximum of four hexadecimal digits will be required)•convert positive hexadecimal integers to and from binary (a maximum of 16 bit binary numbers will be required)•represent numbers stored in registers and main memory as hexadecimal•identify current uses of hexadecimal numbers in computing, such as defining colours in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), Media Access Control (MAC) addresses, assembly languages and machine code,debugging/igcse Back to contents pageCambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.Subject content 1.1.3 Data storageCandidates should be able to:•show understanding that sound (music), pictures, video, text and numbers are stored in different formats•identify and describe methods of error detection and correction, such as parity checks, check digits, checksums and Automatic Repeat reQuests (ARQ)•show understanding of the concept of Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) files, JPEG files, MP3 and MP4 files•show understanding of the principles of data compression (lossless and lossy) applied to music/video, photos and text files1.2 Communication and internet technologies1.2.1 Data transmissionCandidates should be able to:•show understanding of what is meant by transmission of data•distinguish between serial and parallel data transmission•distinguish between simplex, duplex and half-duplex data transmission•show understanding of the reasons for choosing serial or parallel data transmission•show understanding of the need to check for errors•explain how parity bits are used for error detection•show understanding of the use of serial and parallel data transmission, in Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Integrated Circuit (IC)1.2.2 Security aspects(This section links with section 1.4 of the syllabus.)Candidates should be able to:•show understanding of the security aspects of using the Internet and understand what methods are available to help minimise the risks•show understanding of the Internet risks associated with malware, including viruses, spyware and hacking•explain how anti-virus and other protection software helps to protect the user from security risks1.2.3 Internet principles of operationCandidates should be able to:•show understanding of the role of the browser•show understanding of the role of an Internet Service Provider (ISP)•show understanding of what is meant by hypertext transfer protocol (http and https) and HTML•distinguish between HTML structure and presentation•show understanding of the concepts of MAC address, Internet Protocol (IP) address, Uniform Resource Locator (URL) and cookiesCambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.Subject content1.3 Hardware and software1.3.1 Logic gatesCandidates should be able to:•use logic gates to create electronic circuits•understand and define the functions of NOT, AND, OR, NAND, NOR and XOR (EOR) gates, including the binary output produced from all the possible binary inputs (all gates, except the NOT gate, will have 2 inputsonly)•draw truth tables and recognise a logic gate from its truth table•recognise and use the following standard symbols used to represent logic gates:NOT AND OR NAND NOR XOR•produce truth tables for given logic circuits, for example:A B C Output000001010011100101110111•produce a logic circuit to solve a given problem or to implement a given written logic statement1.3.2 Computer architecture and the fetch-execute cycleCandidates should be able to:•show understanding of the basic Von Neumann model for a computer system and the stored program concept (program instructions and data are stored in main memory and instructions are fetched andexecuted one after another)•describe the stages of the fetch-execute cycle, including the use of registers and busesCambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.Subject content 1.3.3 Input devicesCandidates should be able to:•describe the principles of operation (how each device works) of these input devices: 2D and 3D scanners, barcode readers, Quick Response (QR) code readers, digital cameras, keyboards, mice, touch screens,interactive whiteboards, microphones•describe how these principles are applied to real-life scenarios, for example: scanning of passports at airports, barcode readers at supermarket checkouts, and touch screens on mobile devices•describe how a range of sensors can be used to input data into a computer system, including light, temperature, magnetic field, gas, pressure, moisture, humidity, pH and motion•describe how these sensors are used in real-life scenarios, for example: street lights, security devices, pollution control, games, and household and industrial applications1.3.4 Output devicesCandidates should be able to:•describe the principles of operation of the following output devices: inkjet, laser and 3D printers; 2D and 3D cutters; speakers and headphones; actuators; flat-panel display screens, such as Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)and Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) display; LCD projectors and Digital Light Projectors (DLP)•describe how these principles are applied to real-life scenarios, for example: printing single items on demand or in large volumes; use of small screens on mobile devices1.3.5 Memory, storage devices and mediaCandidates should be able to:•show understanding of the difference between: primary, secondary and off-line storage and provide examples of each, such as:primary: Read Only Memory (ROM) and Random Access Memory (RAM)secondary: hard disk drive (HDD) and Solid State Drive (SSD); off-line: Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), CompactDisc (CD), Blu-ray disc, USB flash memory and removable HDD•describe the principles of operation of a range of types of storage device and media including magnetic, optical and solid state•describe how these principles are applied to currently available storage solutions, such as SSDs, HDDs, USB flash memory, DVDs, CDs and Blu-ray discs•calculate the storage requirement of a file1.3.6 Operating systemsCandidates should be able to:•describe the purpose of an operating system (Candidates will be required to understand the purpose and function of an operating system and why it is needed. They will not be required to understand how operatingsystems work.)•show understanding of the need for interruptsCambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.Subject content1.3.7 High- and low-level languages and their translatorsCandidates should be able to:•show understanding of the need for both high-level and low-level languages•show understanding of the need for compilers when translating programs written in a high-level language•show understanding of the use of interpreters with high-level language programs•show understanding of the need for assemblers when translating programs written in assembly language1.4 Security1.4.1Candidates should be able to:•show understanding of the need to keep data safe from accidental damage, including corruption and human errors•show understanding of the need to keep data safe from malicious actions, including unauthorised viewing, deleting, copying and corruption1.4.2Candidates should be able to:•show understanding of how data are kept safe when stored and transmitted, including:–use of passwords, both entered at a keyboard and biometric–use of firewalls, both software and hardware, including proxy servers–use of security protocols such as Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS)–use of symmetric encryption (plain text, cypher text and use of a key) showing understanding that increasing the length of a key increases the strength of the encryption1.4.3Candidates should be able to:•show understanding of the need to keep online systems safe from attacks including denial of service attacks, phishing, pharming1.4.4Candidates should be able to:•describe how the knowledge from 1.4.1, 1.4.2 and 1.4.3 can be applied to real-life scenarios including, for example, online banking, shopping1.5 EthicsCandidates should be able to:•show understanding of computer ethics, including copyright issues and plagiarism•distinguish between free software, freeware and shareware•show understanding of the ethical issues raised by the spread of electronic communication and computer systems, including hacking, cracking and production of malwareCambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.Subject contentSection 2 Practical Problem-solving and Programming2.1 Algorithm design and problem-solving2.1.1 Problem-solving and designCandidates should be able to:•show understanding that every computer system is made up of sub-systems, which in turn are made up of further sub-systems•use top-down design, structure diagrams, flowcharts, pseudocode, library routines and sub-routines•work out the purpose of a given algorithm•explain standard methods of solution•suggest and apply suitable test data•understand the need for validation and verification checks to be made on input data (validation could include range checks, length checks, type checks and check digits)•use trace tables to find the value of variables at each step in an algorithm•identify errors in given algorithms and suggest ways of removing these errors•produce an algorithm for a given problem (either in the form of pseudocode or flowchart)•comment on the effectiveness of a given solution2.1.2 Pseudocode and flowchartsCandidates should be able to:•understand and use pseudocode for assignment, using ←•understand and use pseudocode, using the following conditional statements:IF … THEN … ELSE … ENDIFCASE … OF … OTHERWISE … ENDCASE•understand and use pseudocode, using the following loop structures:FOR … TO … NEXTREPEAT … UNTILWHILE … DO … ENDWHILE•understand and use pseudocode, using the following commands and statements:INPUT and OUTPUT (e.g. READ and PRINT)totalling (e.g. Sum←Sum + Number)counting (e.g. Count←Count + 1)•understand and use standard flowchart symbols to represent the above statements, commands and structures(Candidates are advised to try out solutions to a variety of different problems on a computer using a language oftheir choice; no particular programming language will be assumed in this syllabus.)Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.Subject content2.2 Programming2.2.1 Programming conceptsCandidates should be able to:•declare and use variables and constants•understand and use basic data types: Integer, Real, Char, String and Boolean•understand and use the concepts of sequence, selection, repetition, totalling and counting•use predefined procedures/functions2.2.2 Data structures; arraysCandidates should be able to:•declare and use one-dimensional arrays, for example: A[1:n]•show understanding of the use of one-dimensional arrays, including the use of a variable as an index in an array•read or write values in an array using a FOR … TO … NEXT loop2.3 DatabasesCandidates should be able to:•define a single-table database from given data storage requirements•choose and specify suitable data types•choose a suitable primary key for a database table•perform a query-by-example from given search criteriaCambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.4 Details of the assessmentComponent 1 – Paper 1 TheoryWritten paper, 1 hour 45 minutes, 75 marksThis is a compulsory question paper, consisting of short-answer and structured questions set on section 1 of theSubject content. All questions are compulsory. Candidates answer on the question paper.Component 2 – Paper 2 Problem-solving and ProgrammingWritten paper, 1 hour 45 minutes, 50 marksThis is a compulsory question paper, consisting of short-answer and structured questions set on section 2 of theSubject content. All questions are compulsory. Candidates answer on the question paper. 20 of the marks in thispaper are from questions set on tasks provided in the Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming pre-releasematerial.Candidates need sufficient practical sessions within their lesson timetable so they learn the contents of the sectionin a largely practical way. Candidates must program in a high-level programming language chosen by the centre.The programming language must be procedural.There is some examining of knowledge with understanding, but most of the credit is for using techniquesand skills to solve problems. The examination questions require candidates to have practical programming experience, including writing their own programs, executing (running), testing and debugging them. Knowledge of programming language syntax is not examined; in all cases the logic is more important than the syntax.Paper 2 – Problem-solving and Programming pre-release materialThe Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming pre-release material is available to centres shortly after theestimated entries deadline for the June and November examinations. For the March examination it will be made available to centres shortly after the 0478 Computer Science final entries deadline. It is also reproduced in thequestion paper. Candidates must not bring any prepared material into the examination.Candidates must develop solutions to tasks using a high-level programming language, such as Visual Basic, Pascal/Delphi or Python. The purpose of the pre-release material tasks is to direct candidates to some of the topics whichwill be examined in Paper 2. Teachers should incorporate these tasks into their lessons and give support in finding methods and reaching solutions. 20 of the marks in this paper are from questions testing candidates’ understanding gained from developing programmed solutions to these tasks.Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.Details of the assessmentNotes for guidanceEquipment and facilitiesComputer science is a practical subject and the Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science syllabus places emphasis on the use of procedural high-level programming languages. Centres must ensure that their equipment and facilities are adequate for learners to be able to satisfy the requirements of the syllabus. The hardware facilities needed will depend on the number of learners, but must be sufficient for all candidates to have enough time to practise their programming skills.HardwareLearners need to have access to a system with direct-access file capability on backing store and hardcopy facilities.SoftwareLearners must have experience of using a high-level programming language, such as Visual Basic, Pascal/Delphi or Python, chosen by the centre.Practical skillsComputer science is a practical subject and a range of practical exercises must be integral to the teaching of this qualification.It is important that, as early as possible in the course, learners develop a systematic approach to practical problem-solving using appropriate resources.Cambridge IGCSE Computer Science 0478 syllabus for 2020 and 2021.5 What else you need to knowThis section is an overview of other information you need to know about this syllabus. It will help to share the administrative information with your exams officer so they know when you will need their support. Find more information about our administrative processes at /examsofficersBefore you startPrevious studyWe recommend that learners starting this course should have studied a general curriculum such as the CambridgeLower Secondary programme or equivalent national educational framework such as the Key Stage 3 programme ofstudy within the National Curriculum for England.Guided learning hoursWe design Cambridge IGCSE syllabuses based on learners having about 130 guided learning hours for each subjectduring the course but this is for guidance only. The number of hours a learner needs to achieve the qualificationmay vary according to local practice and their previous experience of the subject.Availability and timetablesYou can enter candidates in the June and November exam series. If your school is in India, you can enteryour candidates in the March exam series. You can view the timetable for your administrative zone at/timetablesPrivate candidates can enter for this syllabus.Combining with other syllabusesCandidates can take this syllabus alongside other Cambridge International syllabuses in a single exam series. Theonly exceptions are:•Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) Computer Science (0984)•Cambridge O Level Computer Science (2210)•syllabuses with the same title at the same level.Cambridge IGCSE, Cambridge IGCSE (9–1) and Cambridge O Level syllabuses are at the same level.Group awards: Cambridge ICECambridge ICE (International Certificate of Education) is a group award for Cambridge IGCSE. It allows schoolsto offer a broad and balanced curriculum by recognising the achievements of learners who pass examinations in arange of different subjects.Learn more about Cambridge ICE at /cambridgeice。
IGCSE教学大纲经编版
IGCSE教学大纲1.剑桥考试：May/June examination session and the October/November examination session.2.CIE :Cambridge International Examinations剑桥大学国际考试局3.IGCSE ：International General Certificate of Secondary Education国际中学教育普通证书的考试4.Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry is accepted by universities and employers as proof of essential chemistry knowledge and ability. As well as a subject focus, the Chemistry syllabus enables students to:•better understand the technological world in which they live, and take an informed interest in science and scientific (科学的、系统的)developments •learn about the basic principles of Chemistry through a mix of theoretical（理论的）and practical studies•develop an understanding of the scientific skills essential for further study at A Level, skills which are useful in everyday life•learn how science is studied and practised（实践）, and become aware that the results of scientific research can have both good and bad effects on individuals个体, communities团体and the environment5.Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry candidates are awarded grades ranging from A* to G. 成绩从A* 到G.6.Candidates expected to achieve grades D, E, F or G, study the Core Curriculum核心课程only and are eligible（有资格、合格的）for grades C to G. Candidates expected to achieve grade C or higher should study the Extended Curriculum延展课程, which comprises the Core and Supplement Curriculums; these candidates are eligible for all grades from A* to G.7.All candidates must enter for three papers.一、Paper1：单项选择，45分钟占总成绩的30%二、Paper2: 核心理论，1小时15分钟，占总成绩的50%Paper3：扩充理论，1小时15分钟，占总成绩的50%三、Paper4：修习，指定功课，职业培训(school-based assessment)Paper5：实验操作，1小时15分，占总成绩的20%Paper6：实验笔试(written paper)，1小时，占总成绩的20%8.Assessment objectives评价目标：The three assessment objectives in Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry are:A .Knowledge with understandingStudents should be able to demonstrate（展示）knowledge and understanding in relation to:⑴ scientific phenomena, facts, laws, definitions, concepts and theories⑵ scientific vocabulary, terminology（术语）and conventions常规(including symbols, quantities and units)⑶ scientific instruments and apparatus, including techniques of operation and aspects of safety⑷ scientific quantities and their determination⑸ scientific and technological applications with their social, economic and environmental implications涉及、密切关系.考试题型：Define定义, state陈述, describe描述, explain解释or outline 概述B .Handling information and problem solvingStudents should be able, in words or using other written forms of presentation展示、陈述(i.e. Symbolic符号的, graphical图解的and numerical数字的), to:⑴ locate, select, organise and present information from a variety of sources⑵ translate information from one form to another将信息从一种形式转换到另一种形式⑶ Manipulate处理numerical and other data⑷ use information to identify patterns, report trends and draw inferences 推断、推理⑸ present reasoned explanations for phenomena, patterns and relationships⑹ make predictions and hypotheses假定、臆测⑺ solve problems, including some of a quantitative nature定量性质. predict, suggest, calculate or determineC .Experimental skills（实验技能）and investigationsStudents should be able to:⑴ know how to use techniques, apparatus and materials (including following a sequence顺序of instructions where appropriate)⑵ make and record observations, measurements and estimates评价⑶ interpret and evaluate experimental observations and data⑷ plan investigations, evaluate methods and suggest possible improvements (including the selection of techniques, apparatus and materials).9. Scheme of assessment评估方案⑴ All candidates must enter for three papers: Paper 1; either Paper 2 or Paper 3; and one from Papers 4, 5 or 6.⑵ Candidates who have only studied the Core curriculum, or who areexpected to achieve a grade D or below, should normally be entered for Paper 2.⑶ Candidates who have studied the Extended curriculum, and who are expected to achieve a grade C or above, should be entered for Paper 3.⑷ All candidates must take a practical paper, chosen from: Paper 4 (Coursework), Paper 5 (Practical Test), or Paper 6 (Alternative to Practical).10.11.Curriculum content课程内容12.Practical assessmentCriteria for assessment of experimental skills and abilities评估标准的实验技能和能力⑴ Each skill must be assessed on a six-point scale, level 6 being the highest level of achievement. Each of the skills is defined in terms of three levels of achievement at scores of 2, 4, and 6.⑵ A score of 0 is available if there is no evidence of positive achievement for a skill.⑶ For candidates who do not meet the criteria for a score of 2, a score of1 is available if there is some evidence of positive achievement.⑷ A score of 3 is available for candidates who go beyond the level defined for 2, but who do not meet fully the criteria for 4.⑸ Similarly, a score of 5 is available for those who go beyond the level defined for 4, but do not meet fully the criteria for 6.\。
igcse中文新考纲纲
igcse中文新考纲纲IGCSE中文新考纲纲是指剑桥国际通用证书中文考试的最新考试大纲。
以下是关于IGCSE中文新考纲纲的一些详细信息：1. 考试结构，IGCSE中文考试分为两个层级，即核心层级（Core Tier）和扩展层级（Extended Tier）。
核心层级适用于学生掌握基本中文技能的程度，而扩展层级则更具挑战性，适用于中文水平较高的学生。
2. 考试内容，新考纲纲涵盖了听力、口语、阅读和写作四个方面的技能。
考试内容涉及日常生活、学校、家庭、旅游、文化和社会等多个主题，以帮助学生全面发展他们的中文能力。
3. 听力考试，听力考试分为两个部分，包括听力理解和听力应用。
学生需要通过听录音材料回答问题，理解对话和短文的内容，以及运用所听到的信息回答问题。
4. 口语考试，口语考试要求学生进行个人陈述和问答。
学生需要准备一个主题并进行简短的陈述，同时还需要回答考官的问题，展示他们的口语表达能力和语法运用能力。
5. 阅读考试，阅读考试包括阅读理解和阅读应用两个部分。
学生需要阅读文章并回答问题，理解文章的主旨、细节和推理能力，并能够运用所读到的信息进行交流。
6. 写作考试，写作考试要求学生根据给定的题目或情境写作。
学生需要表达自己的观点、描述事物、写信或文章等，用正确的语法和丰富的词汇来表达自己的思想。
7. 评分标准，IGCSE中文考试的评分标准包括语言运用、理解和思考、组织和结构、文化意识等方面。
学生需要注意语法准确性、词汇丰富性、句子结构的多样性和逻辑性，以及对文化背景的理解和运用。
总的来说，IGCSE中文新考纲纲旨在培养学生的中文听、说、读、写的综合能力，提高他们的语言表达能力和跨文化交际能力。
学生可以通过系统的学习和练习，掌握考试所需的技能，为将来的学习和职业发展打下坚实的基础。
igcse教学大纲
igcse教学大纲IGCSE教学大纲：培养全面发展的学生IGCSE（国际中学教育证书）是一项广泛认可的国际教育课程，为学生提供了广泛的学科选择和深入的学习体验。
IGCSE教学大纲旨在培养全面发展的学生，帮助他们在学术、社交和职业方面取得成功。
本文将探讨IGCSE教学大纲的特点和优势，以及它如何为学生的未来发展做好准备。
首先，IGCSE教学大纲注重学生的学科广度。
学生可以选择多个学科进行深入学习，包括语言、科学、人文和艺术等各个领域。
这种广泛的学科选择为学生提供了更多的机会去发现自己的兴趣和潜能。
同时，IGCSE教学大纲鼓励学生在学科之间建立联系，培养跨学科的思维能力。
这种综合性的学习有助于学生培养全面的知识和技能，为他们未来的学术和职业生涯打下坚实的基础。
其次，IGCSE教学大纲注重学生的批判性思维和问题解决能力的培养。
在学习过程中，学生被鼓励提出问题、思考和分析。
他们需要运用所学知识解决实际问题，培养独立思考和创新思维的能力。
这种培养有助于学生培养批判性思维和分析能力，使他们成为具有独立思考和解决问题能力的人才。
此外，IGCSE教学大纲注重学生的实践能力培养。
学生通过实验、实地考察和实际项目等方式，将所学知识应用到实际情境中。
这种实践性的学习有助于学生将理论知识与实际应用相结合，培养他们的实际操作和解决问题的能力。
这种能力对于学生未来的职业发展至关重要，因为他们需要具备实际操作和解决问题的能力来应对复杂的现实情况。
此外，IGCSE教学大纲注重学生的跨文化和国际意识培养。
学生通过学习不同文化、历史和社会背景的知识，培养对多元文化的理解和尊重。
这种培养有助于学生成为具有国际视野和跨文化交流能力的全球公民。
在当今日益全球化的社会中，这种能力对于学生的未来职业发展和社会参与至关重要。
综上所述，IGCSE教学大纲注重培养学生的学科广度、批判性思维和问题解决能力、实践能力以及跨文化和国际意识。
这种综合性的教学大纲为学生提供了全面发展的机会，帮助他们在学术、社交和职业方面取得成功。
IGCSE教学大纲
NAEI(IGCSE)数学教学大纲教学内容及教学大纲1.数、集合的表示方法和语言（1）使学生进一步认识并整理数的分类，了解自然数、整数、奇数、偶数、有理数、无理数、实数、质数、公因数、公倍数、平方数及立方数的概念；掌握重要数学符号的英文表达；会用科学计算器计算数的基本运算。
（2）掌握集合的表示方法，理解并会求几个集合的交集、并集、补集等；要求会画文氏图。
2.平方数和立方数（1）掌握平方数、立方数的概念。
（2）能够计算一个数的平方、平方根；立方、立方根。
3.整数（1）了解数的概念及负数的引入。
（2）运用在实际生活中整数的概念（如温度的变话等）。
4.小数、分数、百分数深入了解小数、分数、百分数之间的转化及等量关系。
5.排序用数学符号进行数的排序。
6 科学计数法能够正确表达整数和小数的科学计数法形式。
7. 四则运算法则能够运用四则运算法则进行整数、小数、分数、带分数之间的运算。
8. 估算能够估算数、长度、精确一个数到有效数字及小数位。
9. 精确值要求学生会求已知数据的近似上限及下限并运用上限及下限计算一些实际的问题（特别是加减乘除四则运算的近似顺序)。
10. 比、比例及比率理解掌握比例的定义及符号、正比例及反比例、一个量与另一个量的比，运用比例解决实际问题（如求平均速度等）。
11. 百分数（1）要求学生会计算一个给定量的百分比，表达一个量占另一个量的百分比，计算百分比的增加或减少量。
（2）计算相关的百分比，例如销售问题中求售价与成本的价钱与获利百分比。
12.科学计算器的应用（1）能够科学、合理的运用计算器。
（2）运用计算器检查答案的准确性。
13. 测量掌握质量、长度、面积、体积、容积等单位，掌握各个单位之间的转化。
14.时间计算与时间相关的问题，学会24小时制及12小时制之间的区别与转化，认识时钟以及时间表。
15. 钱能够掌握和钱有关的计算并能熟练的进行货币的转换。
16.个人理财（1）能够运用已知数据去解决个人及家庭理财问题，包括工资、简单利率和复利率问题（复利率的公式不需要记，老师可以根据学生的实际情况进行推导）、折扣问题、盈利、亏损问题。
关于igcse物理大纲
1. General Physics 普通物理1.1 Length and time 长度和时间1. Use and describe the use of rules and measuring cylinders to determine a length or a volume. 使用并且描述如何用尺子和量筒测量长度和体积。
2. Use and describe the use of clocks and devices for measuring an interval of time.使用并且描述如何用钟表和一些仪器测量时间间隔。
3. Use and describe the use of a mechanical method for the measurement of a small distance.使用并描述利用机械的方法测量短距离。
4. Measure and describe how to measure a short interval of time (including the period of a pendulum). 测量和描述怎样测量一个短时间间隔（包括单摆的周期）。
1.2 Speed, velocity and acceleration 速率，速度，加速度1. Define speed and calculate speed from total distance/total time.定义速率和计算：速率=总路程/总时间2. Plot and interpret a speed/time graph or a distance/time graph.画和解释速率/时间图像或者路程/时间图像3. Recognize from the shape of a speed/time graph when a body is (a) at rest, (b) moving with constant speed, or (c) moving with changing speed.从速率/时间图像中辨认出：(a) 静止，(b) 匀速运动和(c) 变速运动。
IGCSE中文第一语言(0509)课程概要
第一章IGCSE中文第一语言（0509）课程概要主要类型IGCSE 中文第一语言（0509）课程在阅读理解卷（卷一）和写作卷（卷二）中涉及写作能力的题型主要分为四类：回应概括性写作对所给的阅读文本进行回应概括式的写作议论文对命题所提出的观点阐述进行深入的评论记叙文运用各种写作技巧，根据命题进行有条理的记叙描写文运用各种修辞手法，对命题进行细致的描写 评分要点语言词汇量丰富多样，并能正确使用俗语、成语、四字词组等。
好的写作不是成语或俗语的罗列，而是想方设法令成语和俗语在文中起到画龙点睛的作用。
内容内容生动有趣，结构清楚有条理，且逻辑性强。
段落之间一定要做到承上启下，并且做到前后呼应、主题突出。
001评分细则IGCSE 中文第一语言课程（0509）卷一中的回应概括性写作的基本评分标准标准A 语言的风格与准确10分标准B 内容与结构15分满分25分卷一的评分细则标准A 语言的风格与准确性（10分）语言风格与文章结构（5分）——表达清晰，重点突出——使用自己的语言，并按照一定的逻辑顺序有条理地组织内容——上下文衔接自然语言的准确性（5分）——语言清晰、准确——恰当地使用复杂的句式——词语运用准确无误标准B 内容与结构（15分）——能抓住并准确找出原文中的要点——观点与原文一致，并能够紧扣原文的主题——有效地回应提示题——有很好的概括能力和组织能力卷二写作卷的基本评分标准标准A 语言的风格与准确性20分标准B 内容与结构20分满分40分002第一章 IGCSE中文第一语言（0509）课程概要卷二的评分细则标准A 语言的风格与准确性（20分）——语言流畅，句式丰富，恰当地使用多种复杂句式来达到一定的表达效果——有效而恰当地使用丰富的词汇——准确地使用文法和标点符号，书写规范标准B 内容与结构（按作文类型分为三种）（20分）议论文——观点明确，论证严谨、有逻辑——论证有层次，各层次的观点论证连接恰当、自然，句子与句子间的组织有条理记叙文——运用一定的写作手法叙述事件，如隐喻、倒叙等——叙述详略得当，重点突出——构思精巧，引人入胜——语言细致，句式复杂，恰当运用各种修辞手法描写文——内容有条理，恰当发挥想象力——细节描写生动、形象，使读者如临其境——全文结构清晰，以一定的顺序进行人物或景物描写，如时间的发展顺序、空间顺序——既有正面描写，也有侧面描写，以烘托气氛003概括性写作（卷一）什么是概括性写作概括即归纳、总括，把有关同一问题的内容归结在一起加以简明地叙述，或扼要重述，使文章更简明，让人们在很短的时间内就知道了文章的主要内容。
ig化学爱德思大纲
ig化学爱德思大纲引言概述：IG化学爱德思大纲（IGCSE Chemistry Syllabus）是一份由剑桥国际考试委员会制定的化学课程大纲。
该大纲为学生提供了广泛而深入的化学知识，涵盖了从基础概念到实验技巧的各个方面。
本文将从五个大点出发，详细阐述IG化学爱德思大纲的内容。
正文内容：1. 基础概念1.1 原子结构：讲解原子的组成、电子结构和元素周期表的应用。
1.2 化学键：介绍离子键、共价键和金属键的形成原理及其特点。
1.3 物质的性质：探讨物质的物理性质和化学性质，包括溶解性、导电性和酸碱性等。
2. 反应和变化2.1 化学方程式：解释化学方程式的表示方法和平衡反应的原理。
2.2 反应速率：介绍影响反应速率的因素，如温度、浓度和催化剂等。
2.3 酸碱反应：讲解酸碱中和反应的特点和应用，以及酸碱指示剂的使用。
3. 化学变化3.1 氧化还原反应：解释氧化还原反应的概念和应用，包括金属的腐蚀和电池的工作原理。
3.2 燃烧反应：探讨燃烧反应的条件和产物，以及燃烧与环境保护的关系。
3.3 电解反应：介绍电解反应的原理和应用，包括电镀和电解质溶液的导电性。
4. 化学分析4.1 颜色和气味：讲解颜色和气味在化学分析中的应用，如指示剂和气体检测剂。
4.2 离子测试：介绍常见离子的测试方法，如铁离子的试剂反应和氯离子的沉淀反应。
4.3 光谱分析：探讨光谱分析的原理和应用，如紫外可见光谱和红外光谱。
5. 实验技巧5.1 安全操作：强调实验室安全操作的重要性，包括穿戴实验室服装和正确使用实验室设备。
5.2 实验记录：指导学生如何正确记录实验过程和结果，以及分析实验数据的方法。
5.3 实验设计：培养学生设计实验的能力，包括制定实验步骤和探究实验变量的影响。
总结：综上所述，IG化学爱德思大纲为学生提供了广泛而深入的化学知识。
通过学习该大纲，学生可以掌握基础概念、了解反应和变化、认识化学分析以及培养实验技巧。
这将为学生打下坚实的化学基础，为进一步的学习和研究提供支持。
《新编剑桥商务英语（初级）》课程教学大纲
《新编剑桥商务英语（初级）》课程教学大纲《新编剑桥商务英语（中级）》课程教学大纲一、教学目的：《剑桥商务英语》课程是为训练学生语言技能和拓广学生的商务英语知识而开设的外贸英语专业方向的课程。
通过本课程的学习，使学生具备商务英语的基本知识和听力技能，使学生能够自如应付各种形式的商务英语听力素材，熟悉国际商务环境，善于交流，为学生能适应各种国际商务工作环境打下必要的基础。
听力能听懂正常语速的日常生活和商务活动的谈话，类型涉及电话，采访，讨论，演讲，会议发言等。
要求学生能正确辨认听觉信息，并做出适当判断，并能结合具体语言环境，理解所听内容的深层含义，把握说话者的态度和意图。
阅读能看懂图表，正确理解商务专业词汇，能读懂英美报刊杂志上中等难度的商务英语文章，了解作者的观点与态度，把握其内涵，获取准确信息。
写作能够运用所学语言知识，根据所给背景语言材料，图表及表格等直观资料，写出符合国际商务惯例，格式规范的商务报告，备忘录，商务信函，建议书和E-mail等，要求内容切题，结构严谨，条理清楚，语法正确，语言通顺得体。
口语能够运用正确的英语讨论各种商务和日常生活的话题，进行电话交谈，能够作一般的会议发言和商务报告。
要求内容切题，有较大专业词汇量，语音语调正确，语流连贯顺畅，表达基本得体。
二、教学原则通过本课程的学习，着重对学生进行在商务工作环境下听、说、读、写的基本技能训练，进一步培养学生运用英语进行商务沟通的能力；激发学习兴趣，提高自主学习的能力；开发学生创新思维，培养学生在商务工作中用英语分析问题、解决问题的能力和创新能力。
教学从获取信息入手，把语言学习融入信息处理中以培养学生从事各种商务活动的能力。
教学中以应用为教学重点，合理地组织教材的内容和结构，教学内容有浅入深，由易到难，使学生具备知识的综合应用能力。
三、教学方法与手段1、以课堂理论教学为基础，以学生为中心, 适当采用实训模拟机制，以讨论与实践相结合，课堂与实体相结合的教学模式。
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（1）掌握平方数、立方数的概念。
（2）能够计算一个数的平方、平方根；立方、立方根。
3.整数
（1）了解数的概念及负数的引入。
（2）运用在实际生活中整数的概念（如温度的变话等）。
4.小数、分数、百分数
深入了解小数、分数、百分数之间的转化及等量关系。
5.排序
用数学符号进行数的排序。
6科学计数法
（5）能够运用位置向量计算向量的加减法。
（6）能够计算向量的数量积。
36.矩阵
（1）了解任何序列矩阵的形式。
（2）掌握如何计算矩阵的和与积。
（3）掌握如何计算数与矩阵的积。
（4）了解矩阵的方阵与单位矩阵。
（5）掌握如何计算矩阵的行列式和非奇异矩阵的逆矩阵。
5
37.变换
（1）掌握简单的平面图形在水平或垂直方向的对称变换。
x
2
2x
。
2
2x
x
6
22.函数
（1
）要求学生利用函数表示式，如
f(x)=3x-5,求该函数的反函数的表达式f-(x)。
（2
）要求学生能够根据已知函数的定义
gf(x)=g(f(x))求复合函数。
23.指数
（1）理解指数的相关概念。
（2）学会并会计算一个数的正指数、负指数、零指数。
（3）运用并理解分式指数，如32x=2。
（2）到已知直线距离相等的点。（3）到已知两点距离相等的点。
（4）到已知相交直线距离相等的点。
31.测量
（1）能够计算矩形和三角形的周长及面积； 圆形的周长和面积； 平行四边形和梯形的面积；长方体、柱体和圆柱的体积；长方体和圆柱的表面积。
（2）能够利用圆的周长和面积解决弧长、扇形面积问题。
（3）能够计算球体、椎体和圆锥的表面积和体积（但考试试卷会给出公式）。
（1）能够运用几何工具测量线的长度和角的度数。
3
（2）能够运用直尺和圆规构造已知三边长的三角形。
（3）能够运用量角器、直尺等工具构造简单的几何图形。
（4）能够利用直尺和圆规构造角平分线和线段的垂直平分线。
28.对称
（1）认识二维空间的旋转对称及轴对称（包括旋转对称次数及对称轴条数）。
（2）理解三角形、四边形和圆形的对称性质。
（6）能够构造并读取等距及不等距区间的柱状图。
（7）能够构造累计频率图。
（8）掌握并了解如何通过连续型数据的图像求中位数、百分数位、四分位数间距数。
（9）计算并理解分组数据和连续数据的平均数。
（10）确定分组数据的众数区间。
34.概率
（1）掌握并计算独立事件的概率。
（2）理解并掌握概率是一个在0和1区间内的一个值。
（3）认识柱体（包括圆柱）和椎体（包括圆锥）的对称性质。
（4）运用圆的对称性。
（5）相等的弦到圆心距离相等。
（6）弦的垂直平分线经过圆心。
（7）从同一点引出的两条切线长度相等。
29.角的性质
1能够利用下面的几何性质计算未知角的角度（1）经过同一个点的角。
（2）经过相交直线上同一个点的角。（3）平行直线间所形成的角。
理解掌握比例的定义及符号、正比例及反比例、一个量与另一个量的比，运用比例解决实际
问题（如求平均速度等）。
1
11.百分数
（1）要求学生会计算一个给定量的百分比，表达一个量占另一个量的百分比，计算百分比的增加或减少量。
（2）计算相关的百分比，例如销售问题中求售价与成本的价钱与获利百分比。
12.科学计算器的应用
（2）掌握简单的平面图形关于原点、顶点或图形中点的旋转变换。
（3）能够构造简单平面图像的平移和缩放。
（4）能够掌握如何描述平面图形的反射、旋转、平移和缩放变换。
（5）能够运用坐标和矩阵描述变换。
6
能够正确表达整数和小数的科学计数法形式。
7.四则运算法则
能够运用四则运算法则进行整数、小数、分数、带分数之间的运算。
8.估算
能够估算数、长度、精确一个数到有效数字及小数位。
9.精确值
要求学生会求已知数据的近似上限及下限并运用上限及下限计算一些实际的问题（特别是加
减乘除四则运算的近似顺序)。
10.比、比例及比率
（2）会求一条平行于已知直线的直线方程。
（3）要求学生学会通过直线上两点坐标求直线的斜率。
（4）要求学生学会通过已知线段的终点坐标求中点坐标及线段长度。
母表示代数式，用代数方法解决基本的算数问题。
（2）能够准确代入数字和字母到公式中，解决计算求值问题。
（3）能够转换简单的公式。
32.三角学
（1）认识并应用方位角。
（2）熟练掌握勾股定理的应用。
4
（3）掌握直角三角形中角的正弦、余弦和正切值（所求角会给出，并且会要求精确到小数点后几位）。
（4）学会运用仰角、俯角解决二维空间的三角学问题。
（5）延伸到求90°到180°角之间的正弦、余弦值。
（6）运用正弦、余弦定理及任意三角形面积公式求三角形问题。
程、时间图像；速度、时间图像等） 、分析加速度、减速度，通过速度时间的图像计算行程距离。
18.函数图像
（1）学会利用表格构造函数图像。
（2）掌握求直线斜率的方法。
（3）用图像法解一次方程与二次方程的解。
（4）学会求曲线的斜率。
（5)能够用图像法解相应的方程。
19.直线
（1）了解直线方程的一般形式y=mx+c。
（1）能够运用已知数据去解决个人及家庭理财问题，包括工资、 简单利率和复利率问题（复
利率的公式不需要记，老师可以根据学生的实际情况进行推导）、折扣问题、盈利、亏损问
题。
（2）能够通过表格和图形筛选相应的数据。
17.实际问题中函数图象的应用（1）了解笛卡尔坐标系有关概念。
（2）理解并能准确读出实际问题的函数图象所展示信息，如行程问题（老师一定要分析路
（1）能够科学、合理的运用计算器。
（2）运用计算器检查答案的准确性。
13.测量
掌握质量、长度、面积、体积、容积等单位，掌握各个单位之间的转化。
14.时间
计算与时间相关的问题， 学会24小时制及12小时制之间的区别与转化， 认识时钟以及时间表。
15.钱
能够掌握和钱有关的计算并能熟练的进行货币的转换。
16.个人理财
NAEI(IGCSE)数学教学大纲
教学内容及教学大纲
1.数、集合的表示方法和语言
（1）使学生进一步认识并整理数的分类，了解自然数、整数、奇数、偶数、有理数、无理
数、实数、质数、公因数、 公倍数、 平方数及立方数的概念； 掌握重要数学符号的英文表达；会用科学计算器计算数的基本运算。
（2）掌握集合的表示方法，理解并会求几个集合的交集、并集、补集等；要求会画文氏图。
（3）掌握一个事件发生的概率=1-该事件不能发生的概率。
（4）理解实际应用中的概率问题，如相关概率。
（5）能够掌握简单的复合事件的概率。
（6）能够运用合适的表格和树状图解决概率问题。
35.平面向量
（1）运用向量方法描述平移变换。
（2）能够计算向量的模长。
（3）掌握向量的表示方法。
（4）用两个向量的和差代表平面任意向量。
（7）能够解决一些简单的立体图形中线和面的问题。
33.统计学
（1）能够独立完成统计数据的收集、分类并制成表格。
（2）能够通过数据的表格、图形读取简单的信息。
（3）学会构造和应用条形图、饼形图、象形图、简单的频率分布表、区间相等的柱状图和散点图。
（4）理解正相关、负相关和不相关的概念。
（5）掌握如何计算间断数据的平均数、中位数、众数、极差。
（4）能够构造简单的表达式及方程来解决问题。
（5）能够构造并转化更为复杂的公式及方程。
21.代数处理
（1）能够运用括号和公因式处理代数式。
（2）能够展开几个代数式乘积的形式。
3掌握因式分解的方法：如（
1）整式ax bx kay kby; a2x2
b2y2。
（2） 分式x
x 4
。
3
2
（3）简单的表达式
（4）三角形和四边形中的角。（5）正多边形中的角。
（6）半圆中的角。
（7）圆的切线和半径所形成的角。
2利用下面图形的几何性质计算角的度数（1）不规则多边形中角的性质。
（2）同弧所对圆心角是圆周角的两倍。（3）同弦所对的角相等。
30.轨迹
1掌握在二维空间内运用点的集合求轨迹及轨迹的交集（1）到已知的点距离相等的点。
26.几何图形及她们之间的关系
（1）运用和理解构成几何图形的点、线、平行、方位角、直角、锐角、钝角和优角、垂直、相似、全等的概念。
（2）运用和理解三角形、 四边形、圆形、 多边形和简单的立体图形包括立体图形的展开图。
（3）运用相似三角形面积之间的关系对应到相似立体图形的表面积和体积之间的关系。
27.构造几何图形
24.方程和不等式的解
（1）掌握一元一次方程的定义并解一元一次方程。
（2）掌握二元一次方程组的定义并会用适当的方法解二元一次方程组。
（3）掌握二次方程的概念、二次项、一次项、系数等定义。
（4）能够运用因式分解、配方法或者公式法解二次方程。
25.线性规划
（1）利用不等式的图像去求得简单的线性规划问题的解。