AP 微观经济学 真题 1995年：选择题

3. Which of the following is true of a price floor? (A) The intention of the governmentin creating the price floor is to assistthe producersof the good. (B) To have an impact in the market for the good, the price floor should be set below the existing market price of the good. (C) An effective price floor will increasethe quantity demandedof the good. (D) The price floor would tend to create a shortage of the good in the market. (E) The creation of the price floor would not changethe quantity suppliedof the good if the supply curve were upward-slopingto the right.
1. The allocation of resourcesin a market economy is describedby which of the following statements? I. The governmentdecideswhich goods will be producedand which consumers will receive them. II. Buyers and sellers exchangegoods and serviceson a voluntary basis. III. Prices and costshelp producersdecide whether they are producingtoo little or too much of a good. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) I only II only III only I and III only II and III only
(A) If both the demandand supply increase,the
price of tomatoeswill definitely increase.
1 2 3 4 5 6
$100.00 50.00 33.33 25.00 20.00 16.67
$55..OO
$55.00 35.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00
W If both the demandand supply decrease,the
quantity of tomatoessold will definitely increase. while the supply (0 If the demand decreases increases,the price of tomatoeswill definitely increase. If the demand decreases while the supply 03 increases,the quantity of tomatoes sold will definitely decrease. (El If the demand increaseswhile the supply decreases, the price of tomatoeswill definitely increase. 5. Which of the following best illustratesthe concept of consumersurplus? (A) A thirsty athlete pays $0.85 for a cold drink when she would have gladly paid $1SO for the drink. (B) An individual who is willing to accept a job at $7.50 per hour is offered $7.00 per hour. (C) An individual pays the sale price of $15.00 for the same shirt that the individual refused to purchaseearlier at $18.00. (D) An individual finds that the price of artichokes,a food she dislikes, has been reducedby 50 percent. (E) A wood-carver has a marginal cost of $5.00 for a unit of output, but sells that unit at $6.00. 6. The averagetotal cost to the firm of producing2 units of output is (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) $ 35.00 $ 85.00 $ 95.00 $100.00 $130.00
10. Which of the following statements is true about a firm that sells its output in a perfectly competitive market?
(A) The demandfor its product is a downwardsloping function. The firm will earn zero economic profits in long-run equilibrium. w Advertising is an important tool of the firm. (W The firm will increaseits total economic profits if it chargesa price that is lower than the market price. 03 The marginal revenue the firm receives from selling an additional unit of output will be different from the price at which it sells that unit.
(A) There will be a movement to the right along the supply curve. (B) There will be a movement to the right along the demand curve. (C) The supply curve will shift to the right. (D) The supply curve will shift to the left. (E) The demand curve will shift to the right.
/
x
SUPPlY
Questions6-7 are basedon the table below, which gives cost information for a perfectly competitive firm. Average Average Marginal Variable Fixed costs costs Quantity costs
7. If the product price is $85; how many units of output must the firm producein order to maximize profits? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 0 3 4 5 6
n 11 n
8. Which of the following factors can causea firm’ s cost curves to shift upward? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) An increasein wages An increasein the firm’ s output An increasein the output price A decreasein the firm’ s output A decreasein the price of energy
w
,Marginal Cost
11. One justification for governmentregulation of a monopoly is that the unregulatedmonopoly
(A) earns a normal profit
I
I 1 *
0
10
151’ 8 20 QUANTITY
pays its workers a lower wage than if the market were competitive ((3 has a very elastic demandcurve CD) chargesa price higher than a competitive market price sells too much of the product (E) 12. Which of the following is most likely to shift the demand for aircraft mechanicsto the right?
9. The diagram above showsa perfectly competitive firm’ s short-runcost curves. If the price of the output increasesfrom $8 to $10, the profitmaximizing firm will (A) continue producing 15 units becauseaverage total cost is at a minimum (B) continue producing 15 units becauseaverage total cost is equal to marginal cost (C) increaseoutput to 20 units becausethis is the output at which price equals average total cost (D) increaseoutput to 18 units becausethis is the output at which price equals marginal cost (E) decreaseoutput to 10 units becausethis is the output at which average variable cost is at a minimum