初中英语介词的用法总结

介词

一、意思是“用”的几个词

介词有三个：in, with, by，在句首或句末作状语。

1. in+language (English, Chinese, French, Japanese等),

What’s this in English?

In English, it’s an orange.

2. with +具体的工具（pen, pencil, knife 等）,单数名词前要加冠词。

I want to write with a pencil, and I don’t like write with a pen.

Chinese people eat food with chopsticks, but western people like to eat food with knives and forks.

3. by + 抽象的工具（e-mail, force, phone 等）表方式或手段，名词前不用冠词; by+ 动名词或动名词短语(通过，靠，以)；by+交通工具（car, bus, bike）

Send this letter by e-mail.

She lives by selling fruit.

My mother makes living by teaching.

动词有一个：use; use sth to do sth

Chinese people use chopsticks to eat food.

We use a knife to cut.

二、in的用法

1．in+月份、年份；on+日子/星期/某个不确定的具体日子

in March, in 2014, in march 2014

on April 1, on Monday, on a rainy day

此外：in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ night; in spring/ summer/ autumn/ winter at noon/ night/ midnight

at 8 o’clock

2. in+时间段（three days, a week等）在…之后，句子用将来时

After+时间段（three days, a week等）在…之后，句子用过去时;after+时间点，句子用将来时

My father will be back in a week.

My father came back after a week.

I will play basketball after school.

He will be back after three o’clock.

3. in +颜色+服装，意思是：穿着什么颜色的服装

The girl is in a red skirt.

We have green sweaters in white and red.

4. in+地点，在…里面;

in the east/west/south/north of 在…东、西、南、北，一地在某个地的范围内

in the house; in the sky; in the east

Kunming is in the north of Y unnan.

三、with 的用法

1 作“用”讲，见上文。

2. 做“和…”讲，常用于句末。and 是连词,连接两个名词。

I went to the zoo with my parents last week.

My parents and I went to the zoo last week.

3.作“有”讲，在名词后面作后置定语。

I’d like to buy a house with a garden.

The girl with long hair is very beautiful.

反义词：without “没有”

I’d like to go without you.

The house without a garden is cheaper.

She left without saying goodbye.

4. “随着区别：with 是介词，with+名词+ 名词/介词短语/现在分词（称为独立主格结构）

as 是连词+句子

With time going by, I learn more and more knowledge.

With no light outside, it felt like midnight.

With a hard job in a crayon factory, he doesn’t find much time to visit his hometown.

It was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.

As time goes by, I learn more and more knowledge.

5. 其它用法

Is that Ok with you? 那样你行吗？

四、on的用法

1. 在…上面（正上方，物体有接触）

A book is on the desk.

2. 关于（详细论述的）；about 关于（范范谈及）

The scientist planned to write a book on environmental pollution.

The teacher asked students to write an article about friendship.

For homework, our teacher told us to write about our vacation.

3. on+具体的时间

on+日子/星期/某个不确定的具体日子

on April 1, on Monday, on a rainy day, on Teachers’ Day

4. on a bike=by bike, 骑车，作状语ride a bike 骑车，作谓语

I always go to school by bike. = I always go to school on a bike.= I always ride a bike to go to school.

5. on the east/west/south/north of在…东、西、南、北，两地接壤

Yunnan is on the south of Sichuan.

in the east/west/south/north of 在…东、西、南、北，一地在某个地的范围内

Kunming is in the north of Y unnan.

五、for 的用法

1. “给”

Here is a letter for you.

All these presents are for you.

I have some things for the kids.

2. “对于”“对…而言”,至于

For girls, we have skirts in purple for only $20.

For homework, our teacher told us to write about our vacation.

For thousands of tourists from China, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday.