现在完成时中since和for的用法有何区别

现在完成时中since和for的用法有何区别由since和for构成的句子或短语是现在完成时的常用状语。

现就它们的用法作以下归纳。

表示过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态常用的时间状语有：for, since, how long, so far, these days等。

Since+过去点的时间，for+一段时间(数词+量词)，此划线部分用how long提问。

一、since短语或从句表示过去的动作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点。

如： 1. Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。

2.He’s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。

二、for短语表示动作延续多长时间，for的宾语为时间段。

如：1.We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。

2.I haven’t seen her for a long time. 我好久没有见到她了。

三、习题(一）用since或for填空1. I have been waiting ____________ two hours.2. The woman has been playing with the dog __________ this morning.3. He has been learning a foreign language____________ eight months..4. Mr. Liu has been teaching in this school ____________ 1994.5. The telephone has been ringing _____________ two minutes.6. The man has been collecting shells ______________many years ago.7. I have been reading the novels _______________ yesterdays morning.8. It has been raining __________ late last night.9. My stomach has been aching__________ several days.10. The boys have been playing soccer ___________ the whole afternoon.11. The baby has been crying ____________ early this morning.12. The teachers have been sitting here ___________ we started about an hour ago.13. I have been playing tennis ___________ I was seven years old.Key:1. for2.since3.for4.since5.for6. since7.since8.since9.for 10,for11. since 12.since 13.since(二）短暂性转换延续性1.arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw.→be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.2) I moved to the USA last year.I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.3) I went home yesterday.I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.4) They came here last week.They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.e/go back, return→be back come/go out →be out1) He came out two years ago.He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.3.become→be1) I became a teacher in 2000.I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.2) The river became dirty last year.The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.4.close →be closed open →be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.5.get up→be up die→be deadleave sw. →be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep→be asleepfinish/end→be over marry →be married1) I got up two hours ago.I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.2) He left Fuzhou just now.He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago.I ________ _________ _________ since _________ __________.6) They married in 1990.They ________ _________ __________since _________.6.start/begin to do sth. →do sth. begin →be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I ____ ____ at this school since ____.2) The film began two minutes ago.The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.7.borrow →keep lose→not havebuy →have put on→wearcatch/get a cold→have a coldget to know →know1) They borrowed it last week.They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.3) I got to know him last year.I _________ __________ him since __________ __________.4) I put on my glasses three years ago.I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.8.have/has gone to →have been in1) He has gone to Beijing.He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.9.join the league/the Party/the army→be a league/a Party member/a soldier→be a member of the league/the Party→be in the league/the Party/the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He ________ _________ a _________ _________ for two years.He ________ __________ a __________ ___________ the __________ for two years. He ____________ ___________ ___________ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the army two years ago.My brother __________ __________ a ___________ for ___________ ___________. My brother ___________ ___________ in ____________ ___________ for two years. （三）划线提问1) I have been there for two days.__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000._________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?3) He left here yesterday._________ ________ he _________ __________?4) They bought a book two hours ago.__________ ___________ they __________ a book Key:1.How long have ,been there2.How long has ,lived here3.When did ,leave here4.When did, buy。