托福独立写作body段论点句的写作方法

1、独立写作body段论点句的写作方法
T.S（topic sentence）+ development（论述）+ （conclusion）specific examples and details
范文：综合写作
T.S
必须能概括全段
必须只包含论证的一个方面（或一个原因）
不能过于笼统：first, English is very important (*)==>English is very important when we are looking for a job.
不能过于详细：论点句简单粗暴，没有论证
TPO 17
Thesis statement: in USA, there will be fewer and fewer birds.
Firstly, human population and settlements leads to the decrease of bird’s population
除了观点，某些事实，名人名言也可以作为T.S使用
最无耻的是，某些both-agree的题目，改写题目也可以【例】
Above all, the world today has become a global village, where not a single nation is isolated from others.
In fact, diversified measures are being taken by the government to limit the use of cars.
Firstly, emphasis should be placed on what has been suggested in the famous saying “interesting is the best teacher”.
On the one hand, thanks to tremendous accomplishment of scientists in many fields, people’s lives have been made much simpler than in the past.
简单的判断方法——能否从论点句中推文章的核心观点？===》包括分论点和立场==》要将一个分论点同题目/立场相联系
论点句写作利器：
1》动名词做主语
2》结果状语的表达
A. Topic sentence(结论）的写法（形式角度）
分论点关键词+Cause make let +句
+Lead to, result in, contribute to，exert negative/positive effect on +词组
(Because of, result from, due to)
+主观点的同义改写
分论点关键句+，which ....., making......, thus/so/so that
+主观点的同义改写
【例】
young people today are more likely to help others than young people were in the past.
立场：disagree_年轻人不再乐于助人(S.S)
A 社会竞争压力大==》年轻人不乐于助人
B 社会风气不好==》年轻人不乐于助人
C 独生子女==》自私==》不乐于助人
The fierce social competition makes young people today be less likely to help others
The fierce social competition exerts negative effect on young people’s mutual help
The fierce social competition exerts negative effect on young people’s offering help to others.
The bad social atmosphere results in young people’s being less likely to help others.
There are less and less children in the modern family,
making young people become selfish, which exert negative effect on young people’s offering help to others.
There are less and less children in the modern family, making young people become so selfish that they are unlikely to offer help to others.
B. Topic sentence(结论）的写法（内容角度）
➢冰淇淋法：
I ndependence and altruism(独立与利他）
S afety and technology (安全与科技）
C ooperation and competition（合作与竞争）
C ommunication and trust （交流与信任）
C ulture and values（文化与价值）
C onvenience and time（方便与时间）
K nowledge and emotion（知识与情感）
R ights and perseverance（权利与毅力）
E conomy and efficiency（经济与效率）
E nvironment and health（环境与健康）
M oney and interest（金钱与兴趣）
【例】
1. An effective leader should try to make others feel that they
are part of the decision making process.
Cooperation: 需要同被领导者合作得出更好更全面的结论（正）
更好更全的结论result from合作==》应该这样做Communication and trust: 交流产生信任、消除误会（正）Time: 沟通耗费时间（反）
Interest：参与决策使得被领导者更有动力做事情（正）
===》
Agree:
Getting the team member involved in the decision making process can help the leader to make a more comprehensive decision.
团队成员合作==》更完善的决定
The team members’sharing idea in the process of the decision making will help to establish the sense of trust among colleagues.
团队成员合作==》信任感
The team members will be more interested in the task if they are a part of the decision-making process.
➢绝对观点反驳法：
The best way for parents to teach children about
responsibility is to have them care for an animal.
Most business people are motivated only by the desire for money.
➢拆分法：
个人、社会、国家
学习、工作、生活
科技、社会、文化
儿童时期、青少年时期、成人时期
People are never satisfied with what they have; they always want something more or something different.
Society benefits more from the work of great artists than from political leaders.
➢都好都同意中庸法。