计算机专业英语复习
计算机专业英语期末复习大纲.
计算机专业英语期末复习大纲I. Match the following two columns (20%: 1 point for each)考察范围：课文中的词汇和表达。
II. Match the words or expressions in the left column with those in similar meaning in the right column. (20%: 2 points for each)考察范围：课后练习中的词汇练习部分III. Tell whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for the right，F for the wrong on the answer sheet. (20%: 2 points for each)考察范围：课后练习中的判断正误题Ⅳ. Read the following passages and choose the best answer (20%: 2 points for each)考察范围：从课外出V. Translate the following sentences into Chinese (20%: 4 points for each)考察范围：课后练习中的翻译练习各章大纲Chapter 1( 第一章) Computer Hardware Fundamentals教学内容：•CPU•Memory Devices•Input and output教学要求：•掌握计算机系统硬件组成涉及的主要英文词汇及其缩写形式（如中央处理器CPU 、内存Memory 等）•能够阅读并理解涉及计算机硬件的简单英文文章（篇幅在500~800 词之间，生词不超过3% ，阅读速度达到每分钟40~50 词）•初步认识有关计算机硬件组成的英文科技文章的风格Chapter 2( 第二章) Operating Systems教学内容：•The Definition of Operating System•PC Operating System•Introduction to Windows XP教学要求：•掌握计算机操作系统软件涉及的主要英文词汇及其缩写形式（如操作系统OS ，进程Process 等）•能够阅读并理解涉及计算机软件的简单英文文章（篇幅在500~800 词之间，生词不超过3% ，阅读速度达到每分钟40~50 词）•初步认识有关计算机系统软件的英文科技文章的风格Chapter 3( 第三章) Application Software教学内容：•The Definition of Application Software•Miscellaneous Application Software•Introduction to Microsoft Word教学要求：•掌握计算机应用软件涉及的主要英文词汇及其缩写形式•能够阅读并理解涉及计算机应用软件的中等难度英文文章（篇幅在800~1200 词之间，生词不超过5% ，阅读速度达到每分钟40~50 词）•进一步认识涉及计算机应用软件的英文科技文章的风格Chapter 4( 第四章) Database System教学内容：• A Brief Introduction to Database systems•Types of Database Software•Introduction to SQL Server教学要求：•掌握数据库系统涉及的主要英文词汇及其缩写形式•能够熟练阅读并理解涉及数据库的中等难度英文文章（篇幅在800~1200 词之间，，生词不超过5% ，阅读速度达到每分钟50~60 词）•熟悉涉及计算机专业的英文科技文章的风格，了解和掌握其中的常见语法和表达方式Chapter 5 （第五章) Programming and Design教学内容：•Introduction to Programming•Programming Languages•Introduction to Visual Basic教学要求：•掌握程序设计方面涉及的主要英文词汇及其缩写形式•能够阅读并基本理解涉及程序设计的较长篇幅英文文章（篇幅在1200 词以上，生词不超过5% ，阅读速度达到每分钟50~60 词）•能够比较准确、通顺地翻译简单的计算机专业英文文章( 篇幅在300~500 词之间，生词不超过3%)Chapter 6( 第六章) Software Engineering教学内容：•Introduction to Software Engineering•Object-Oriented Software Development•Software Testing教学要求：•掌握软件工程涉及的主要英文词汇及其缩写形式•能够熟练阅读并基本理解涉及软件工程的较长篇幅英文文章（篇幅在1200 词以上，生词不超过8% ，阅读速度达到每分钟50~60 词）•能够比较准确、通顺地翻译中等难度但篇幅较短的计算机专业英语文章（篇幅在500 词以内，生词不超过5% ）Chapter 7( 第七章) Computer Networks教学内容：•Fundamentals of Networking System•Internet•Introduction to TCP/IP Protocol教学要求：•掌握计算机网络涉及的主要英文词汇及其缩写形式•能够熟练阅读并基本理解涉及计算机网络的较长篇幅英文文章（篇幅在1200 词以上，生词不超过5% ，阅读速度达到每分钟50~60 词）能够比较准确、通顺地翻译中等难度但篇幅较短的计算机网络文章（篇幅在500 词以内，生词不超过5% ）Chapter 8( 第八章) Computer Application Systems教学内容：•Management Information System•Electronic Commerce System•Multimedia System教学要求：•能够熟练阅读并基本理解涉及计算机综合应用的英文文章（篇幅在1200 词以上，生词不超过5% ，阅读速度每分钟60 词左右）•能够翻译中等难度、中等篇幅的计算机专业英文文章（篇幅在500 词~800 词之间，生词不超过5% ）•初步具有阅读英文原文，获取新知识的能力Chapter 9( 第九章) Extended Topics of Computer Application教学内容：•Data Warehouse•Computer virus•Network Security Basics教学要求：•能够熟练阅读并理解涉及计算机综合应用的英文文章（篇幅在1200 词以上，生词不超过5% ，阅读速度每分钟60 词以上）•能够翻译中等难度、中等篇幅的计算机综合文章（篇幅在500 词~800 词之间，生词不超过5% ）•具有一定的阅读英文原文，获取新知识的能力。
计算机专业英语复习资料
Central Processing Unit 中央处理器Memory 内存Random-Access Memory 随机存储器Read-Only Memory 只读存储器Monitor 监视器keyboard 键盘Mouse 鼠标Hard disk 硬盘Operating system 操作系统Memory management 内存管理Device management 设备管理Storage management 存储管理Application Interface 应用程序接口Processor management 处理器User Interface 用户界面Data structure 数据结构Tree 树Nodes 节点Root nodes 根节点Leaf nodes 叶节点Identifiers 标识符Name Space 名空间Global Variables 全局变量Database 数据库Relational Database 关系数据库Stuctured Query Language 结构化查询语言Database Management system 数据库管理系统Distributed Database 分布式数据库Software Engineering 软件工程Requirement Analysis 需求分析Software Design 软件设计C was developed in the early 1970s, and it has grown into a very popular language now. C might be described as a "medium level language",Like a true high level language,there is a one-to-many relationship between a C statement and the machine language instruction it is compiled into. Thus a language like C gives you far more programing leverage than a low level assembly language.However, compared to most high level languange ,C has a very small set of constructs. In addition unlike most high level language ,C let you easily do chorse (such as bit and pointer manipulation) additionally performed by assembly languages, Therefore ,C is an especially good tool to use for developing operating system( such as the UNIX operating system),or other system software.翻译：C语言的开发始于20世纪70年代初期，现在已经成为非常流行的语言，C语言也许最适合被描述成为“中级语言”，。
计算机专业英语复习题完整版
计算机专业英语复习题标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]1.home page 主页2.graphical user interface (GUI) 图形用户界面3.artificial intelligence 人工智能4.carbon copy 打字副本5.field 字段6.software suite 软件套装7.desktop operating system 桌面操作系统ser printer 激光打印机9.machine language 机器语言10.relational database 关系数据库11.menu bar 菜单栏12.secondary storage 辅助存储器；二级存储器13.system software 系统软件二、1.内存 memory2.输入设备 input device3.扬声器 speaker4.局域网 local-area network5.传输控制协议 transmission control protocol6.集成电路 integrated circuits7.上下文敏感 context sensitive8.微处理器 microprocessor9.只读存储器 Read-only memory10.触摸屏 touch screen11.像素 pixel12.多媒体 multimedia13.自动换行 word wrap三_________.A、peopleB、OSC、keyboardsD、proceduresE、software( abc ) 2、For microcomputer, there are three basic system units:____________ .A、Desktop system unitsB、Notebook system unitsC、Personal digital assistant system unitsD、Arithmetic-logic units( a ) 3、Language translators convert programming statementsinto__________.A、machine languagesB、UNIXC、service programsD、operating systems( b ) 4、The ____________is a list of commands or options from which you can choose.A、iconB、menuC、windowD、pointer( a ) 5、Database management systems are comprised of tables that are made of rows called __________ and columns called __________ .A、fields, recordsB、ranges, sheetsC、records, fieldsD、records, ranges( abcd )6、The four main computer operations are _________.A、inputB、processingC、outputD、storageE、compile( c ) 7、RAM is a kind of____________ memory.A、permanentB、smartC、temporaryD、flashE、expansion（ acd ）8、Which are the types of non-impact printer: ____________ .A、 thermal printerB、dot matrix printerC、laser printerD、ink-jet printerE、all of above（ a ）9、What is an extension of a driver in Windows environmentsA、.drvB、.txtC、D、.sysE、.win( c ) 10、The following answers ____________ is the system software.A、PHOTOSHOPB、EXCELC、Windows NTD、POWERPOINT ( bde ) 11、In monitors, the three primary colors are__________ .A、yellowB、redC、whiteD、greenE、blue( ab ) 12、Typically, the first page of a Web site is referred to as its__________ .A、home pageB、web pageC、HTMLD、URLE、site( ) 13、The new addressing system IPV6 defines an IP address as a ______________number. A、16-bit B、32-bit C、64-bitD、128-bit四、（一）Laptop computers are popular all over the world. People use themon trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptops connect people. Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the1500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are part of a＄10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college. Thestudents with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, theywill be able to use e-mail to “speak” with their teachers, their classmates,and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program isthat students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs.They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all!Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops becomemore powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet, but alsolibraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studyinghow laptops can help students. State officials are also testing laptopprograms at other universities, too. At Westlake College, more than 60 percentof the staff use computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, “Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we’re giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything.”笔记本电脑在世界各地流行。
计算机专业英语期末复习题及参考答案
一单选题 (共10题，总分值30分 )1. hacker （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙2. functional testing （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙3. relational database （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙4. firewall （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙5. software testing （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙6. audi （3 分）B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙7. application software （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙8. machine language （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库J. 防火墙9. memory （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙10. structured programming （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙二填空题 (共1题，总分值5分 )11. Microsoft Word XP is the current Window versionof Word, and documents created in Word XP can beeasily _________________________________Excel, Power Point and Access files. In the interface of Word, the_________________________________displays the name of the current application and name of the current document;the_________________________________lists the names of the menus available;the_________________________________gives the user quick access to frequently used editingfunctions; the_________________________________enables theuser to change left and right margin.toolbarrulertitle barmenu barincorporate into （5 分）三翻译题 (共10题，总分值50分 )12. hard disk （5 分）13. 集成开发环境（5 分）14. 通用串行总线（5 分）15. network security （5 分）16. software maintenance （5 分）17. electronic commerce （5 分）18. 广域网（5 分）19. 结构化查询语言（5 分）20. management information system （5 分）21. 面向对象编程（5 分）四阅读理解 (共1题，总分值15分 )22. The Internet, then known as ARPANET, wasbrought online in 1969, which initiallyconnected four major computers at universitiesin the southwestern US . The early Internet wasused by computer experts , engineers, scientists, and librarians. There was nothing friendly about it. There were no home or office personalcomputers in those days, and anyone who used it, whether a computer professional or an engineeror scientist or librarian, had to learn to use a very complex system.The Internet matured in the 1970's as a result of the TCP/IP architecture. As the commands for E-mail, FTP , and telnet were standardized, it became a lot easier for non-technical people to learn to use the nets. It was not easy by today' s standards by any means, but it did open up use of the Internet to many more people in universities in particular. Other departments besides the libraries, computer, physics, and engineering departments found ways to make good use of the nets -- to communicate with colleagues around the world and to share files and resources.In 1991, the first really friendly interface to the Internet was developed at the University of Minnesota. The University wanted to develop a simple menu system to access files and information on campus through their local network.Since the Internet was initially funded by the government, it was originally limited to research, education, and government uses. Commercial uses were prohibited unless they directly served the goals of research and education. This policy continued until the early 1990's, when independent commercial networks began to grow.(四) Choose the best answer according to Passage C.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案。
计算机专业英语复习资料
计算机专业英语复习资料计算机专业英语复习资料1、that the processor is the “intelligence” of a computer system;(p1) 处理器是计算机智能系统2、In 1965,when he first set out what we now call Moore’s Law,Gordon Moore said the number of components that could be packed onto an integrated circuit would double every year or so(later amended to18 months). (P17)在1965年，⼽登穆尔说，可以将很多的零部件装载在⼀个集成电路元件中，这样的话就可以每年都翻倍，这也就是他第⼀次提出摩尔定律（后来修订为18个⽉）3-43、This multicore processor plugs directly into a single socket on the motherboard. (P18)这种多内核处理器直接插⼊主板上的⼀个单⼀的插座。
4、Multicore processors are especially well suited to tasks that have operations that can be divided up into separate thread and run in parallel. (P18)多核处理器特别适合那些可以分成单线程和并⾏运⾏的任务操作。
5、640*480 means that the screen consists of 640 columns by 480 rows of pixels. (P36)640×480表⽰屏幕由640列480⾏的像素组成。
6-76、However, they also are bulky, fragile, and consume a great deal of power. (p37)然⽽，他们也都是笨重的，脆弱的，并且消耗⼤量的电⼒。
计算机专业英语期末复习题(精选)
计算机专业英语期末复习题I. Decide if the following statements are true (T) or false (F)1. Few makers have incorporated a USB hub into their products.2. The Internet began to boom in 1990.3. Encryption means adding a password to the access of a computer.4. The aim of compression formats is to reduce file size.5. WWW provides access to a variety of internet resources fromdifferent interfaces.6. All commercial operating systems can be modified by everyone.7. HTML is a language used to write documents for the8. Computers have greatly reduced the amount of paper in offices.9. Other electronic devices like TV can also trol your PC.10. Everyone can make suggestions to improve the Linux operatingsystem.11. You could edit a video like a document file with cutting and pastingon cheap editing computers five years ago.12. By the hyperlink, the user is nected to the document specified bythe link.参考答案：1 F2 F3 T4 T 5F6 F7 T8 T9 T 10T11 F 12 TII. Give the Corresponding Translation.1. recovery2. server3. ROM4. machine language5. operating system6. interface7. software 8. RAM9. process 10. network11. memory 12. USB13. database 14. debug15. cache 16. CPU1. 多媒体2. 音频3. 键盘4. 激活5. 内存6. 浏览器7. 服务器 8. 输出9. 黑客 10. 病毒11. 显示器 12. 对象参考答案：1. 恢复2. 服务器3. 只读存储器（只读内存）4. 机器语言5. 操作系统6. 接口、界面7. 软件8. 随机存取存储器9. 过程10. 络11. 内存12. 通用串行总线13. 数据库 14. 调试15. 高速缓冲存储器16. 中央处理器1. multimedia2. audio3. keyboard4. activate5. memory6. browser7. server 8. output9. hacker 10. virus11. monitor 12. objectIII. T ranslate the Following Sentences into Chinese 12%1.Microsoft’s Windows 2000 is a powerful yet flexible operating systemdesigned for large applications in networked environments.2.A computer virus is a computer program that is created to make andspread copies of itself.3.Spreadsheet applications are computer programs that let you createand manipulate spreadsheets.4.An optical mouse doesn’t have a ball on the bottom and can usually beused without a mouse pad.5.A small network may only nect two computers inside a home to sharea single printer and Internet nection.6.The older DOS operating systems and some versions of Unix andLinux use a command interface, though graphical versions of Unix and Linux are now available.参考答案：1.windows 2000是一种为络环境下大型程序而设计的强大而灵活的操作系统。
计算机专业英语复习
计算机专业英语复习Chapter 11. Raw, un processed facts, in cludi ng text, nu mbers, images, and soun ds.a. data2. Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources.h. utilities3. Type of application programs that are more narrowly focused on specific discipli nes andoccupati ons.f. specialized4. Also known as servers. b. midrange computers5. The most widely used handheld computers are smartphones and __ .d. PDAs6. Type of memory that is sometimes referred to as temporary storage because its contentswill typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted. e. RAM7. The most importa nt kinds of sec on dary media are hard disks, solid-statestorage, and ___ . c. optical disks8. The type of solid-state drive widely used for transporting data and in formati on betwee ncomputers and a variety of specialty devices.g. USB9. Type of file created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like budgets and topredict sales.i. worksheet10. Provides a multimedia in terface to the nu merous resources available on the In ternet.j. WebBook1. Con sists of the step-by-step in structi ons that tell the computer how to do its work.f. program2. Ano ther n ame for a program.g. software3. En ables the applicati on software to in teract with the computer hardware.i. system software4. Type of computer that is small eno ugh to fit on top of or alon gside a desk yetis too big to carry around.a. desktop5. A container that houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system.j. system unit6. Devices that tran slate the processed in formatio n from the computer into a form that huma ns can un dersta nd.d. output7. Un like hard disks, this type of storage does not have any moving parts, is more reliable,and requires less power.h. solid-state8. The most widely used com muni cati on device.b. modem9. A type of a file that might contain, for example, audie nee han douts, speaker no tes, and electr onic slides.e. prese ntati on10. A com muni cati ons system conn ect ing two or more computers.c. n etworkMultiple Choice1. The rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software are called:Procedures programsRules utilities2. The part of almost all of today ' s computer systems that uses the Internet and allows users to greatly expa nd the capability and usefu In ess of their in formati on systems.Conn ectivity hardwareUSB Web3. Specialized programs that are desig ned to allow particular in put or output devices tocom muni cate with the rest of the computer system are known as:basic programs device drivershi defs tablets4. The least powerful, yet the most widely used and fastest-grow ing type of computer is the:Main frame microcomputerMidra nge supercomputer5. The n ewest type of computer that is smaller and lighter tha n a no tebook and typically does nothave a keyboard but uses a touch sen sitive scree n for in put.Netbook no tebookTablet server6. Devices of this type tran slate data and programs that huma ns can un dersta nd into a form that the computer can process.In put outputsolid state tablet7. The type of sec on dary storage device that uses rigid metallic platters to store programs and very large data files.8. Three types of optical discs are CDs, DVDs, and:Flashhi def Magn etic RAM10. Type of computi ng that uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from a user ' s computer to computers on the Internet.Cloudbrowser In ternet WebBook1. The keyboard, mouse, mon itor, and system un it are:Hardwareoutput devices storage devices software2. Programs that coord in ate computer resources, provide an in terface, and run applicati ons are known as: applicati on programsoperating systemsstorage systemsutility programs3. A browser is an example of a:gen eral purpose applicati onspecialized programsystem applicatio nutility program4. Although not as powerful as a supercomputer, this type of computer is capable of great process ing speeds and data storage.Main framemidra nge Notebook tablet 9. The revoluti on tech no logy.that will dramatically affect the way we com muni cate and use computerWirelesstablet PC USB Webhard disksolid stateoptical disk Web5. The smallest type of microcomputer:han dheldno tebookmidra ngetablet6. RAM is a type of:Computer memoryNetwork sec on dary storage7. Un like memory, this type of storage holds data and programs even after electrical power to the computer system has bee n turned off.primaryRAMROMsec on dary8. The type of file created by word processors to save, for example, memos, term papers, and letters.databasedocume ntprese ntati onworksheet9. Uses the Internet and the Web t o shift many computer activities from a user computers on the Interns computer to et.cloud comput inghigh defi niti onn etworkUSB10. The largest n etwork in the world is [the]:FacbeookInternetWebUSBChapter 2Matchi ng1. This project laun ched the Intern et.a. ARPANET2. Programs that provide access to Web resources.b. browsers3. The browser in terprets the HTML in struct ions and displays .i. Web pages4. Web based e-mail acco unts do not require an e-mail program to be in stalled on your _ .e. computer5. The billi ons of unwan ted and un solicited e-mail.h. spam6. Photos, lists of pers onal in terests, con tact in formati on, and other pers onal in formati on displayed on Facebook.g. profiles7. Web site desig ned to allow visitors to fill in missi ng in formatio n or correct in accuracies.j. wiki8. Evaluate the accuracy of in formati on on the Web by con sideri ng authority, accuracy, objectivityand _____ .f. curre ncy9. Clie nts, the Intern et, and service providers are basic comp onents of this type of comput ing.d. cloud10. Type of electr onic commerce that in volves the sale of a product or service from one bus in ess to ano ther.c. B2BBook1. The most popular Internet activity.a. com muni cat ing2. The most com mon way to access the Internet is through a(n).e. ISP3. Tran smissi on of electro nic messages over the In ternet.c. e-mail4. Type of in sta nt messagi ng service that supports a variety of differe nt IM services.i. uni versal5. The premier bus in ess-orie nted social n etwork ing site.f. Li nkedIn6. Ano ther n ame for a blog.j. Web log7. Publishes short sentences that only take a few sec onds to write.g. microblog8. Maintain huge databases relati ng to in formati on provided on the Web and the Intern et.h. search services9. Electronic commerce involving individuals selling to individuals.b. C2C10. The basic components of cloud computing are clients, service providers, and the __ .d. InternetMultiple Choice1. The Web was introduced in 1991 in Switzerland at the:APIX CERNInternet Spider2. These programs use a URL to connect to Web sites.Browsers spamProtocols utilities3. A type of com muni cati on that allows two or more people to con tact each other via direct, live com muni catio n.e-mailIMsocial n etwork ingWebmail4. The most widely used social n etwork ing site:CERNLi nkedl nTwitterFacebook5. To evaluate the accuracy of information you find on the Web, you should consider the sites authority, accuracy, objectivity, and:curre ncyobjectivitysourcelocati on6. The type of electro nic commerce in which a bus in ess sellsa product to the gen eral public.B2BB2CC2CP2B7. This type of computing frees users from owning, maintaining, and storing software and data: n etwork cloud desktop Web8. These programs are automatically started and operate asa part of your browser. filtersFTP plug-i ns spiders9. FTP Web-based, and BitTorre nt are types of:file tran sferprotocolsspam blockerswikis10. This type of suite can be used to maintain your security and privacy while you are on theWeb:browser securityfilterplug-inInternet securityBook1. The n etwork that conn ects computers all over the world.CERNInternetLANWeb2. The rules for excha nging data betwee n computers.DSLprotocolsWebWWW3. Clie nt-based e-mail acco unts require this special program to be in stalled on your computer. e-mail clie nt hyperl ink Javautility4. Commun ities of in dividuals who share a com mon in terest typically create Facebook:clie ntsgroupspagesprofiles5. E-mail that does not require an e-mail program in stalled on a user's computer is known as:a bloga podcastWebmaila utility6. A very well-k nown microblog.Li nkedl nGoogle+TwitterWikipedia7. These programs continually look for new information and update search services database programs. filtersIMspiderswikis8. Using a keyword, a search engine retur ns a list of related sites known as:blogshitspodcastsstrikes9. This is the Internet ' s equivale nt to traditi onal cash.digital cashe-commerceiCashInternet dollars10. Using file transfer utility software, you can copy files to your computer from specially con figured servers on the Intern et. This is called:dow nl oad ingfilteri ngbloggi nguploadi ngChapter 3Matchi ng1. Application software can be divided into two categories:basic and __ .h. mobile apps2. This GUI uses a system of ribbons, tabs, and galleries.a. ribb on3. This applicati on can be used to an alyze sales trends and also evaluate and graph stock market tren ds.g. spreadsheet4. A feature of most word processors that en ables users to quickly apply predefi ned formatt ing characteristics to text.i. styles5. A specialized graphics program for edit ing or modify ing digital photographs.e. image editor6. Bitmap images are also referred to as ____ i mages.f. raster7. A program that sets up or structures a database.b. DBMS8. Illustrati on programs are used to create and edit ____ i mages.j. vector9. Graphics that typically appear as black and white boxes that automatically link mobile devicesto a variety of differe nt content in clud ing games, text, videos, and web sites.c. QR codes10. A collect ion of separate applicati on programs bun dled together and made available as a group.d. software suiteBook1. Toolbars typically appear below the menu bar and in cludesmall graphic eleme nts called ___ .a. butt ons2. Simplifies the process of making a selection from a list of alternatives by graphically displaying the effect of alter natives before being selected.d. galleries3. A gen eral purpose program that creates text-based docume nts.j. word processor4. Program that orga ni zes, an alyzes, and graphs nu meric data.g. spreadsheet5. A collect ion of related data.c. database6. Also known as a photo editor, this specialized graphics program edits or modifies digital photographs.e. image editor7. The overall site desig n for a Web site is com monly represe nted in a graphical site _ .f. map8. A Web site that provides access to specific mobile apps is known as an app ___ .h. store9. A type of suite that is stored at a server on the Internet and is available any where you can access the Intern et.b. cloud10. A type of specialized suite that includes a variety of programs designed to make computing easier and safer.i. utilityMultiple Choice1. The portion of the applicati on that allows you to con trol and to in teract with the program.dialog boxgalleryuser in terfacewi ndow2. The type of gui that uses tabs to orga nize groups of related items.charactergalleryribb ontraditi onal3. This application software organizes, analyzes, and graphs numeric data.spreadsheetword processordatabaseprese ntati on graphics4. A collect ion of related data equivale nt to an electr onic file cab in et:databasespreadsheetword processorprese ntati on graphics5. These programs allow you to mix text and graphics to create publications of professional quality focus ing on page desig n and layout.image editorsprese ntati on graphicsworkbooksdesktop publish ing6. These readers allow mobile devices to use their digital cameras to sca n quick resp onse codes.mobile readerscamera sca nnersRC sca nnersQR code readers7. A Web site that provides access to specific mobile apps is called a(n):mobile storeapp storeiPhone appssmartpho ne store8. A collect ion of separate applicati on programs bun dled together and available as a group is a:in tegrated packagesoftware suiteapp suiteoffice apps9. One downside of using a __________ is that you are dependent on the server providing theapplicati on to be available whe never you n eed it.cloud suiteoffice suiteutility programWin dows program10. Google Docs, Zoho, and Microsoft Office Web Apps are examples of:basic applicati onscloud suitesutility suitesspecialized applicatio nsBook1. This type of software works with end users, applicati on software, and computer hardware to han dle the majority of tech ni cal details.applicatio n gen eral purpose system utility2. A recta ngular area that can contain a docume nt, program, or message.dialog boxformframewi ndow3. Programs that create text-based docume nts.DBMSsuitesspreadsheetsword processors4. Programs that organize, analyze, and graph numeric data such as budgets and financial reports.DBMSsuites spreadsheets word processors5. Programs that allow you to mix text and graphics to create publicati ons of professi onal quality.database desktop publish ingprese ntati onproductivity6. The type of image consisting of geometric shapes.bitmaprasterribb onvector7. An on li ne diary or comme ntary.bitmapblogHTMLvector8. Programs that combine a variety of visual objects to create attractive, visually interesting prese ntati ons.DBMSprese ntati on graphicsspreadsheetword processor9. Graphics that typically appear as black and white boxes that automatically link mobile devices to a variety of differe nt content.QR Codesbitmapsraster imagesvectors10. Also known as an on li ne suite.cloudin tegratedofficeutilityChapter 4Matchi ng1. Programs that allow particular in put or output devices to com muni cate with the rest of the computer system.b. device drivers2. Operati ng systems allow users to in teract with applicati on programs and computer hardwarethrough a user __ .e. i nterface3. This type of in terface uses graphical eleme nts such as icons and win dows.d. gui4. In a ribbon gui these divide menus into major activity areas.h. tabs5. While there are hun dreds of differe nt operat ing systems, there are only three basic categories:n etwork, sta nd-al one, and _ .c. embedded6. The most recent Mac OS X versio n.g. Mountain Lion7. Originally developed by a graduate student at the University of Helsinki, Linus Torvalds, this operati ng system is a popular and powerful alter native to Win dows.f. Linux8. Mobile operati ng system for many of Hewlett-Packard's smartph ones and tablet computers.j. WebOS9. Utility program that reduces the size of files so they require less storage space and can be sent more efficie ntly over the Intern et.i. file compressi on10. Wizard that provides step-by-step guidanee for selecting hardware drivers and installing drivers.а.add a deviceBook1. Programs that perform specific tasks related to man agi ng computer resources.h. utilities2. Restarting a running computer without turning off the power.j. warm boot3. Type of operat ing system that con trols and coord in ates n etworked computers.f. NOS4. An operati ng system is ofte n referred to as the software environment or _ .g. platform5. OS X Lion feature to display and provide direct access to applicati ons.e. Launchpadб.A type of software that allows a sin gle physical computer to operate as though it were two or more separateand in depe ndent computers.i. virtualizati on7. Mobile operating system that that is owned by Google and is one of the fastest-growing mobile operat ing systems.a. An droid8. Type of program that guards computer systems from viruses and other damagi ng programs.b. an tivirus9. If a file cannot be saved on a sin gle track, it has to be __ .d. fragme nted10. Program that works with the operating system to allow communication between a device andthe rest of a computer system is called a device ___ .c. driverMatchi ng1. This system software coord in ates computer resources, provides a user in terface, and runs applicati ons. device driver operati ng systemtran slatorutility2. Start ing or restart ing a computer is called:boot ingalig ningin itializi ngstartup3. Type of operati ng system used for han dheld devices such as smartph on es, cable and satellite televisi on tuner boxes, video game systems, and other small electr on ics.cellembeddedn etworksta nd-al one4. The operati ng system is ofte n referred to as the software environment or the software:desktopserverplatformwi ndow5. An approach in which a sin gle physical computer can support multiple operat ing systems that operate in depe nden tly.simulatio nhost ingmultitask ingvirtualizati on6. An operati ng system released in 2012 with a user in terface very similar to the in terface used with tablets and smartph ones with fun ctio nality similar to Win dows 8.OS X Moun ta in LionOS X Lio nLinuxChrome7. An approach that allows a single computer to run multiple operating systems at the same time.multitask ing virtualizati on V.R.Win dows8. Developed by Apple, based on Mac OS and is used as the platform for the iPh on e, iPod touch, and iPad.iOSBlackberry OSAn droidWin dows Pho ne 89. A Win dows utility program that locates and elimi nates unn ecessary fragme nts and rearra nges files and unused disk space to optimize operations.BackupDisk Clea nupDisk Defragme nterRestore10. Dangerous programs that can be “ caught in a variety of ways including opening e-mail attachme nts and dow nl oadi ng software from the Intern et.app spam utility virusBook1. What type of software works with users, application software, and computer hardware to han dle the majority of tech ni cal details?applicatio n desktop Linux system2. The programs that convert program ming in struct ions written by programmers into a Ian guage thatcomputers un dersta nd and process are Ian guage:con verterslin guistsman agerstran slators3. The ability to switch between different applications stored in memory is called:divers ionmultitask ingoperati onal in terfere neeprogram ming4. Graphic represe ntati ons for a program, type of file, or function:appiconimagesoftware5. This operat ing system feature is con trolled by a mouse and cha nges shape depe nding on its curre nt function.dialog boxmenumousepoi nter6. The operating system based on Linux, designed for Netbook computers, and focused on Internet conn ectivity through cloud computi ng:ChromeMacUn ixWin dows7. The mobile operating system developed by Apple and originally called iPhone OS:An droidBlackBerry OSiOSMac OS8. A utility program that makes copies of files to be used in case the originals are lost or damaged:Backup and RestoreDisk Clea nupDisk Defragme nterCompactor9. A troubleshoot ing utility that ide ntifies and elim in ates non esse ntial files, frees up valuable disk space, and improves system performa nee:Backup and RestoreDisk Clea nupDisk Defragme nterCompactor10. Win dows makes it easy to update drivers with Win dows:BackupRestoreDriverUpdateChapter 5Matchi ng1. Ano ther n ame for a no tebook computer.e. laptop2. The smallest computer system un it.d. han dheld3. The most widely used character encoding standard that is recognized by virtually every computer system. j. Un icode4. The ALU performs two types of operati ons: arithmetic and _ .f. logical5. A type of chip that allows a single computer to run two or more operations at the same time.h. multicore6. Additi onal RAM can be added to a computer system by inserting an expa nsion module calledb. DIMM7. Type of slot on the system board that allows users to expa nd their systems.c. expa nsion8. Three types of expa nsion buses are USB, Firewire, and __ .i. PCIe9. Commonly used specialized ports are SATA, HDMI, MiniDP, S/PDIF and _ .g. MIDI10. This adapter plugs into a sta ndard wall outlet to convert AC to DC.a. ACBook1. A type of multiprocessor chip that provides two or more separate and in depe ndent CPUs.c. multicore2. A type of memory that is volatile or loses its contents whe n power is tur ned off.e. ran dom access3. System board component that provides a connection point for specialized cards or circuit boards.g. slots4. Plastic cards the size of a regular credit card that have an embedded specialty chip.h. smart cards5. A type of memory that improves process ing by acting asa temporary high-speed holdi ng area betwee n the memory and the CPU.a. cache6. A type of memory that provides a comb in ati on of features of RAM and ROM.b. flash7. A gen eric term that is associated with the ability to attach any device onto a computer and have it play or work immediately.d. Plug and Play8. This bus connects the CPU to memory on the system board.i. system9. This port can be used to connect many USB devices to the system..j. USB10. This un it plugs into a sta ndard wall outlet and con verts AC to DC.f. slateMultiple Choice1. This type of system un it is desig ned to be placed either horiz on tally or vertically.desktopno tebooksmartpho netablet pc2. The binary system con sists of only two digits: 0 or 1, called a:bitbytecharacter nu mber3. This controls communications for the entire computer system with every component within the system un it connecting to it.power supply memory expa nsion slot motherboard4. Chips are moun ted on carrier:chips circuits packages processors5. The nu mber of times the CPU can fetch and process data or in struct ions in one sec ond is known as its:busclock speed cycle rate freque ncy rate6. These chips hold the program (seque nee of in struct ions) and data that process ing.cardthe CPU is prese ntly FlashRAMROM7. These chips have in formati on stored in them that cannot be cha nged by the user.cardFlashRAMROM8. The expa nsion card that is used to conn ect a computer to a n etwork.con verterNetwork in terfacemodemLAN9. The nu mber of bits that can travel simulta neously dow na bus is known as the:bus widthbyte pathdigital widthslate dista nee。
计算机专业英语总复习
计算机专业英语总复习1.LSI :large-scale integrated circuit大规模集成电路2.VLSI :very large-scale integrated circuit超大规模集成电路3.vacuum tube真空管4.integrated circuit集成电路5.artificial intelligence 人工智能 AI6.parallel-processing并行处理7.A digital computer is generally made up of five distince elements:a central processing unit,input devices,memory storage devices,output devices,and a bus.8.Accroding to the text,modern digital computers can be divided into four major categories on the basis of cost and performance.They are microcomputers,workstations（工作站）,minicomputers（小型机）,and mainframes（大型机）.(The largest and fastest of these are called supercomputers巨型机.)9.The first electronic computers ,such as Colossus and ENIAC created in Britain and the US respectively ,used vacuum tubes（真空管）,which later gave place to transistors（晶体管）.10.microcomputer 微型计算机palmtop 掌上电脑——palmlaptop 笔记本电脑——lapdesktop 台式机——deskThe personal computer or microcomputer,a relatively low-cost machine,usually of desktop size (though"laptops"are small enough to fit in a briefcase, and "palmtops"can fit a pocket.)11.One important parallel-processing (并行处理)approach is the neural network ,which mimics the architecture of the nervous(神经系统的）system.12.One of the trends in computer development ismicrominiaturization（微小型化）.(superconductivity 超导性).第二章1.flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪2.parallel connection 并行连接串行连接serial connection3.操作系统operating system （OS）4.液晶显示（器）LCD (liquid crystal display)5.基本输入/输出系统BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)6.According to the text, the two main types of storage devices are disk drives（磁盘驱动器）and memory(存储器）.7.A computer bus consists of two channels : one that the CPU uses to locate data, called the address bus(地址总线）, and another to send the data to that address, called the data bus（数据总线）.8.output hardware：video display 视频显示器screenprinter 打印机9.input hardware：joystick 游戏柄、function key 功能键、trackball 轨迹球、scanner 扫描仪、microphone 麦克风第三章1.We can classify programming languages under two types:low-level languages and high-level languages.2.High-level languages are commonly classified as procedure-oriented(面向过程), functional(函数式), object-oriented(面向对象) ,or logic languages （逻辑语言).3.A machine language is a low-level language in binary code that a computer can understand and execute directly.4.High-level languages must first be translated into a machine language by another program called a compiler(编译器）before they can be understood and processed by a computer.5.function statement 函数语句object-oriented language 面向对象语言assignment statement 赋值语句conditional statement 条件语句data declaration 数据声明functional structure 功能结构object-oriented 面向对象logic language 逻辑语言6.In many programming languages , a key data type is a pointer(指针）.7.An expression(表达式）is a piece of a statement that describes a series of computations to be performed on some of the program's variables.8.Programmers use statement to manipulate common components of programming languages, such as variables and macros(宏）.第四章1. The most common subroutines ：function 函数、procedure 过程、library routine 库程序、system routine 系统程序、device driver 设备驱动2. A debugger(调试程序）is a program that often used to help find problems in other programs.3. A program called linker(连接器）comnines all of the translated pieces into a single executable program.4. There are three types of application programs to translate source code（源代码）into object code（目标代码）.They are compilers(编译程序）, interpreters（解释程序）,and assemblers （汇编程序）.。
计算机专业英语复习资料
计算机专业英语复习资料计算机专业英语复习资料I．V ocabulary(词汇)(30分)(⼀)Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese．(写出下列词组的汉语。
共10分，每题1分) 1．Operating system____________2．white bOx testing__________3．hard disk_________4．management information system_______________5．electronic commerce___________________6．relational database__________________7．software engineering___________________8．software maintenance__________________9．menu bar______________10.n et wo r k s ec u r i t y___________________(⼆)Fill in the blank swith the corresponding English abbreviations．(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。
共10分，每题1分)1．只读存储器__________2．⼴域⽹___________3．传输控制协议___________ 4.⽂件传送[输]协议__________5．通⽤串⾏总线__________ 6.⾯向对象编程____________7．集成开发环境___________8．结构化查询语⾔___________9．数据库管理系统___________ 10．开放系统互连______(三)Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column．(将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹配。
计算机专业英语复习资料整理
英译汉汉译英翻译&简答1）The motherboard is the communications web for the entire computer system.译:主板是整个计算机系统的沟通网。
2）The central processing unit (CPU) is the “brain” of the computer.译:中央处理单元，即CPU，是计算机的“大脑”3）CPU consists of two function al units: the control unit and the arithmetic-logic unit.译:CPU有两个功能单元：控制单元和算术-逻辑单元。
4）A computer is a fast and accurate system that is organized to accept, store and process data, and produce results under the direction of a stored program.5）译:计算机是快速而精准的系统，它用来接收、存储和处理数据，并在已存储的程序的指引下输出结果。
6）When people use the term “memory” in reference to computers, they are almost always referring to the computer’s main memory (or primary memory) called random access memory or RAM, which is comprised of chips attached to the motherboard.译:当人们谈及计算机用到“内存”这个术语时，他们几乎总是在指被称为随机存储器RAM的计算机的主存储器，它是由固定在主板上的芯片构成的。
计算机专业英语复习提纲
计算机专业英语复习提纲(注意：加粗单词为重点词汇)第一章1 The Invention of the ComputerENIAC---the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer,It was developed by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly at the University of Pennsylvania. The project began in 1943and was completed in 1946.ENIAC--- 电子数字积分计算机。
它是由宾夕凡尼亚大学的J. Presper Eckert 和John Mauchly 研制的。
该工程于1943年开始，并于1946年完成。
2 Computer Generations1. First-Generation Computers: 1951～1958First-generation computers were characterized by the use of vacuum tubes as their principal electronic component. V acuum tubes are bulky and produce a lot of heat, so first-generation computers were large and required extensive air conditioning to keep them cool. In addition, because vacuum tubes do not operate very fast, these computers were relatively slow.第一代计算机的特色是使用真空管为其主要电子器件。
真空管体积大且发热严重,因此第一代计算机体积庞大，并且需要大量的空调设备保持冷却。
计算机专业英语复习题含答案详细解释
计算机专业英语复习题注：本答案解释及翻译属本人分析，如有错误，敬请谅解！I.Choose the best answerI．选择最佳答案。
1.When you run your computer, A will be first started.A.Operation systemB. system softwareC. office softwareD. driven software译：当你运行你的电脑时，XX是首先被启动。
A是操作系统，B是系统软件，C是办公软件，D是驱动软件（指第三方驱动软件）；因为操作系统包括开机自检的驱动软件，而不是第三方驱动。
所以选A2. Post is the short form for AA. power on self-testB. post office system testC. power on system-testD. personal operating system text 译：post是____的缩写。
The short from for某某的缩写形式。
A是开机自检B是办公系统测试C 是开机系统自检D是个人操作系统文本。
约定俗成的简写形式是A。
3. One of the benefits of video conferencing is low costs.A. specially equipped conference roomsB. saving travel timeC. low costsD.linking of local sites译：视频协商（视频会议）的好处之一是_____。
Benefit 好处，益处conference协商，讨论，商谈A是特别的协商会议室B是减少旅游时间C是低花费D是连接本地地址4. The menu bar of word 2003 has C menus orders.A. sevenB. eightC. nineD. ten Word 2003的菜单栏中有9个菜单命令。
计算机专业英语复习题
1.判断题1. Operating system first appeared during the third computer generation.2. Unlike the other buses, the address bus always receives data from the CPU; the CPU never reads the address bus.3. The main operations of set algebra are complementation, union and intersection.4. If an empty stack is popped, we say the stack overflows, which is normally an error.5. The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.6. Freeware is free software with no restriction.7. When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the data onto the data bus, then outputs the address onto the address bus. 8．The FORTRAN programming language was developed during the first computer generation.9．A stack is a dynamic set that obeys the FIFO property.10．Two popular strategies for resource allocation are static allocation and dynamic allocation.11．The CPU can be shared in a sequential manner only.12. A program written in the assembly language of one microprocessor can run on a computer that has a different microprocessor.13. Object-oriented programmingOOP is a programming language model organized around “objects” rather than “actions” and data rather than logic.14. FORTRAN is a particularly good language for processing numerical data, but it does not lend itself very well to organizing large programs.15. C++ and Smalltalk are two of the more popular object-oriented programming language.2.词汇Vacuum tube 真空管 general purpose 通用 transistor 晶体管LSILarge Scale Integrated Circuit：大规模集成电路VLSIVery Large Scale Integrated Circuit：超大规模集成电路Mainframe 大型机 medium-sized computer 中型机 minicomputer 小型机Microcomputer 小型机machine language 机器语言assembly language 汇编语言high-level language 高级语言Multiprogramming 多道程序设计virtual memory 虚拟存储time-share 分时Batch system 批处理系统 interactive system 交互式系统Instruction cycle 指令周期Address bus, data bus, control busInternal register内部寄存器 external register 外部寄存器 flag register标志寄存器Instruction register 指令寄存器program counter程序计数器combinatorial logic组合逻辑Control signal 控制信号 instruction code指令代码 instruction pipeline指令流水线Bidirectional 双向的 unidirectional 单向的ALUArithmetic Logic Unit 算术逻辑单元Decimal system十进制 binary system 二进制 quinary system 五进制duodecimal system 十二进制Boolean algebra 布尔代数 set algebra 集合代数 empty set 空集universal set 全集 intersection 交 complement 补 finite set 有限集 infinite set 无限集Stack 堆栈queue 队列underflow 下溢overflow 上溢pseudocode 伪码 LIFOLast in first out 后进先出 FIFOFirst in first out 先进先出 Linked list 链表 doubly linked list 双向链表Circular list 循环链表Resource allocation 资源分配 user interface 用户接口 static resource allocation 静态资源分配 dynamic resource allocation 动态资源分配 sequential sharing 串行共享 concurrent sharing 并行共享 resource preemption 资源抢占 memory sharing 存储器共享sequential program 顺序程序 concurrent program 并发程序 packet filtering firewall 包过滤防火墙 intrusion detection 入侵检测open source 开放源代码的Middleware 中间件liteware 不具备部分性能的共享软件shareware 共享软件 freeware 免费软件CAD/CAM Computer Aided Design/Manufacture 计算机辅助设计/制造Software life cycle 软件生存期 Software engineering 软件工程System engineering and analysis 系统工程与分析Software requirement analysis 软件需求分析Prototype 原型 fix-it coding 纠错式编码,修改式编码MIS/DPManagement Information System/Data Processing 管理信息系统/数据处理Machine language 机器语言 assembly language 汇编语言OOPLObject-oriented programming language 面向对象的程序设计语言3、选择1．Which one below is not a characteristic that we associate with a true computer todayA．electronic B．automatic C．stored-program D．general-purpose1．Which one below was the first machine whose design included all the characteristics of a computer.A．Z3 B．Mark I C．ENIAC D．EDVAC1．Which characteristic was not belong to ENIAC________ A．electronic B．general-purpose C．stored program D．capable of performing thousands of operations per second1．Which one below is the world’s first computer to become operational_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIVAC D．EDVAC1．Which one below is the first computer to operate in the United State_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIVAC D．EDVAC1．Which one below is the first commercially available computer_____A．EDSAC B．BINAC C．UNIVAC D．EDVAC1．The _______ was the most popular first-generation computer.A．ENIAC B．EDSAC C．UNIVAC I D．IBM 6501．The first minicomputer became available in 1960, and its name was_______ .A．UNIVAC 1 B．IBM 360 C．PDP-1 D．PDP-81．The most popular minicomputer in third generation was_______ .A．UNIVAC 1 B．IBM 360 C．PDP-1 D．PDP-81．Which one below is not a feature of modern operatingsystems________.A．multiprogramming B．virtual memory C．compatibility D．time-sharing2．When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the______ onto the ____ bus, then outputs the ____ onto the _____ bus.A．address address data data B．data data address addressC．address data address data D．data address data address2．When the CPU fetches data from memory, it first outputs the memory ___on its _____ bus, then memory outputs the _____ onto the ____ bus.A．address address data data B．data data address addressC．address data address data D．data address data address2．The _______ bus consists of n lines, which combine to transmit one n-bit address value. -A．address B．data C．control D．system2．Which one below is not a register that belongs to theregister section of a processor.A．program counter B．instruction register C．flash memory D．flag register5．Which one below is not a system provided resource A．files B．CPU C．memory D．printer5．Which kind of resource can be shared in a concurrent manner A．memory B．printer C．data files D．CPU5．Preemption of system resources is used by the OS to enforce __________in their use by programs.A．efficiency B．fairness C．speed D．utilization6．_________ enables the application software to interact with the computer.A．Middleware B．Operating system C．System software D．Shareware6．Which one below is not a key element of software engineering A．methods B．designs C．tools D．procedures7．Which one below is not the benefit og object-oriented programmingA．inheritance B．data hiding C．reuse D．complex4．填空1、The characteristics that we associate with computers today are that the machine is electronic, that it has a stored program, and it is general purpose.1、the features of modern operating systems include multiprogramming, virtual memory, and time-sharing.2、When writing data to memory, the CPU first outputs the address onto the _________, then outputs the data onto the ___________.2、When the CPU fetches data from memory, it first outputs the memory address on its _____________, then memory outputs the data onto the _________________.2、The bus is a collection of individual control signals.2、The is the procedure a microprocessor goes through to process an instruction2、The signal is a signal on the control bus which the microprocessor asserts when it is ready to read data from memory or an I/O device.3、The ______ of any two sets subsets of a given set consist of those elements that are in one of the other or in both given sets.3、The _________of any two sets consists of those elements that are in one or the other or in both given sets; The _______of two sets consists of those elements that are in both given sets.4、The INSERT operation on a stack is often called ________, and the DELETE operation is often called _________.4、The INSERT operation on a queue is often called ________, and the DELETE operation is often called _________.5、OS functions can be classified into resource allocation and related functions, and user interface functions.5、Two popular strategies for resource allocation are: _____________________ and ______________________.5、Two ways of resource sharing are: ____________ _____________ and ______________________.6、Software is often divided into ____________software and ___________ software.6、The term_________ is used to describe programming that mediates between application and system software or between two different kinds of application software.6、_________ software controls the computer and enables it to run the __________ software and hardware.7、Lying between machine languages and high-level languages are _assembly languages_, which are directly related to a computer’s machine language.7、Object-oriented programmingOOP is a programming languagemodel organized around “” rather than “actions” and rather than logic.7、All high-level language programs must be translated intomachine language so that the computer can understand it. There aretwo ways to do this: compile the program or the program.5．翻译1、A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions, or program, and then carry out this program by performing calculations on numerical data or by compiling and correlating other forms of information.1、As more and more transistors were put on silicon chips, it eventually became possible to put an entire computer processor,called a microprocessor, on a chip.随着越来越多的晶体管被集成到硅芯片上,将一整个计算机处理器称为微处理器放在一个芯片上终于成为可能;2、The CPU decodes the instruction, and controls the execution procedure. It performs some operations internally, and supplies the address, data, and control signals needed by memory and I/O devicesto execute the instruction.CPU对指令译码并且控制整个执行过程;它执行一些内部操作,并且为存储器和I/O设备执行指令提供必要的地址、数据和控制信号;2、This unit generates the internal control signal that cause registers to load data, increment or clear their contents, and output their contents, as well as cause the ALU to perform the correct function.3、Given a subset of T, such as S, we may define the complement of S with respect to a universal set T to consist of precisely those elements of T which are not included in the given subset.给定T的一个子集,例如子集S,我们可以定义一个关于全集T的S的补集;其中正好包含那些不在子集S中而在T中的元素;3、The union of any two sets subsets of a given set consists of those elements that are in one or the other or in both given sets; the intersection of two sets consists of those elements that are in both given sets.任何两个集合已给定集合的若干子集的并集包含了出现于这两个子集中某一个集合或同时出现于这两个集合中的所有元素；两个集合的交集包含了同时出现于这两个集合中的元素;4、A stack is a data type whose major attributes are determined by the rules governing the insertion and deletion of its elements.5、Static resource allocation is simple to implement, however, it could lead to suboptimal utilization because the allocation is made on the basis of perceived needs of a program, rather than itsactual needs.静态资源分配易于实现,但由于它不是从程序的实际需要出发,而是根据程序预先提出的需求来做决定,所以容易导致系统利用率下降;6、Packaged software refers to programs prewritten by professional programmers that are typically offered for sale on a diskette.软件包是指那种由专业编程人员预先写好的,制作在软盘上以供销售的程序6、Custom-made software, or custom programs, is what all software used to be. Twenty years ago organizations hired computer programmers to create all their software. The programmer custom-wrote programs to instruct the company computer to perform whatever tasks the organization wanted.曾经所有的软件都是用户定制软件,或称用户软件;二十年前,各公司雇用编程人员编写所有的软件;编程人员根据用户的需要编写程序,指示公司的计算机执行组织想要实现的所有任务;6、The establishment and use of sound engineering principles in order to obtain economically software that is reliable and works efficiently on real machines.建立和使用稳妥的工程原理,以期得到一种能在实际机器上可靠而高效工作的、经济的软件;6、The life cycle paradigm demands a systematic, sequentialapproach to software development that begins at the system level and progresses through analysis, design, coding, testing, and maintenance.生命周期模型要求软件的开发从系统级设计到分析、设计、编码、测试和维护,都遵循系统的、顺序的方法;7、One of the principal advantages of object-oriented programming techniques over procedural programming techniques is that they enable programmers to create modules that do not need to be changed when a new type of object is added.。
计算机专业英语 复习提纲(含答案)
计算机专业英语复习提纲一、完形填空What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation? In one 1 there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it. 2 two speakers speak in exactly the same 3 . We can always hear differences 4 them, and the pronunciation of English 5 a great deal in different geographical 6 . How do we decide what sort of English to use as a 7 ? This is not a question that can be 8 in the same way for all foreign learners of English. 9 you live in a part of the world 10 India for West Africa, where there is a long 11 of speaking English for general communication purpose, you should 12 to acquire a good variety of the pronunciation of this area. It would be 13 in these circumstances to use as a model BBC English or 14 of the sort. On the other hand, if you live in a country 15 there is no traditional use of English, you must take 16 your model some form of 17 English pronunciation. It does not 18 very much which form you choose. The most 19 way is to take as your model the sort of English you can 20 most often.1. A. meaning B. Sense C. case D. situation2. A. Not B. No C. None D. Nor3. A. type B. Form C. sort D. way4. A. between B. Among C. of D. from5. A. changes B. varies C. shifts D. alters6. A. areas B. parts C. countries D. spaces7. A. direction B. guide C. symbol D. model8 A. given B. responded C. satisfied D. answered9. A. Because B. When C. If D. Whether10. A. as B. in C. like D. near11. A. custom B. use C. tradition D. habit12. A. aim B. propose C. select D. tend13. A. fashion B. mistake C. nonsense D. possibility14. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. things15. A. where B. that C. which D. wherever16. A. to B. with C. on D. as17. A. practical B. domestic C. native D. new18. A. care B. affect C. trouble D. matter19. A. effective B. sensitive C. ordinary D. careful20. A. listen B. hear C. notice D. find二、阅读理解Text1After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (Although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep iscalled REM, which stands for rapid eye movement.If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very deeply. Otherpeople believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion the counting sheep will put you to sleep!1. A good title for this passage is ____.A. SleepB. Good HealthC. DreamsD. Work and Rest2. The word drowsy in the last paragraph means ____.A. sickB. stand upC. asleepD. a little sleepy3. This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you _____.A. dream more oftenB. have poor healthC. nervousD. breathe quickly4. During REM, ____.A. your eyes move quicklyB. you dreamC. you are restlessD. both A and B5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is ______ .A. approximately six hoursB. around ten hoursC. about eight hoursD. not stated hereText 2Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With a TV set in the family people don’t have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera .All they have to so is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers need do nothing. He does not even have to use his legs if the has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises, no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort in his part.Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are broug ht right into one’s sitting room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it ,so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives. People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and the they have actually begin to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesn’t it?There are many other arguments for and against television. We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.6. What is the major function of paragraph 1?A. To arouse the reader’s concernB. To introduce the theme of the whole passageC. To summarize the whole passageD. To sate the primary uses of TV7. Television, as a source of entertainment, is ______.A. not very convenientB. very expensiveC. quite dangerousD. relatively cheap8. Why are some people against TV?A. Because TV programs re not interestingB. Because TV viewers are totally passiveC. Because TV prices are very high.D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages9. One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that ______.A. it keeps us informedB. it is very cheapC. it enables us to have a restD. it controls our lives10. According to the passage, whether TV is good or not depends on _______ .A. its qualityB. people ’s attitude towards itC. how we use itD. when we use itText 3Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident, not knowing what lies in the way of opportunity for promotion, happiness and security. As a result, they are employed doing jobs that afford them little or no satisfaction. Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living . Some stay long at a job and learn to like it ;others quite from one to another looking for something to suit them, the young graduates who leave the university look for jobs that offer a salary up to their expectation. Very few go out into the world knowing exactly what they want and realizing their own abilities. The reason behind all this confusion is that there never has been a proper vocational guidance in our educational institution. Nearly all grope(摸索) in the dark and their chief concern when they look for a job is to ask what salary is like. They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or, even more important, whether the job suits them, Having a job is more than merely providing yourself and your dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment, It sets a pattern of life and, in many ways, determines social status in life, selection of friends, leisure and interest.In choosing a career you should first consider the type of work which will suit your interest .Noting is more pathetic than taking on a job in which you have no interest, for it will not only discourage your desire to succeed in life but also ruin your talents and ultimately make you an emotional wreck (受到严重伤害的人)and a bitter person.11. The reason why some people are unlikely to succeed in life is that they _____ .A. have ruined their talentsB. have taken on an unsuitable jobC. think of nothing but their salaryD. are not aware of their own potential12. The difficulty in choosing a suitable job lies mainly in that_____ .A. much competition has to be facedB. many employees have no working experienceC. the young people only care about how much they can earnD. schools fail to offer students appropriate vocational guidance13. Which of the following statements is most important according to the passage?A. Your job must suit your interest.B. Your job must set a pattern of life.C. Your job must offer you a high salary.D. Your job must not ruin your talents.14.The best title for this passage would be ____.A. What Can A Good Job OfferB. Earning A LivingC. Correct Attitude On Job-huntingD. How To Choose A Job15. The word “pathetic” in paragraph 2 most probably means ____ .A. splendidB. miserableC. disgustedD. touching三、写作Write a letter to a publishing house asking for information on a book about American culture. Your letter should include:1. the name of the book 2. the price of the book 3. the discount of group orderYou should write approximately 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ping’ instead. You do not need to write the address.计算机专业英语参考答案一、1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10B B D A B A D DC A11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20C C B C AD A D A B二21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30A DB D D B D B A C31 32 33 34 35B D A D B四ADear Sir,I am a university student majoring in English. We are going to have a course about American history next term. My professor recommended a book called Essential to the American Culture to us. It is said that the book was published last month and sold well. So I want to ask some information about it. Could you tell me the price of the book plus the postage and packing? Is there a discount if I order 30 books for my class?Please reply soon. Thank you!Yours Sincerely。
计算机英语知识点汇总总结
计算机英语知识点汇总总结计算机英语是指与计算机相关的英语词汇和表达方式。
在当今信息化社会，计算机已经成为人们生活和工作中不可或缺的工具。
掌握计算机英语知识对于提高工作效率、开展国际合作和交流具有重要意义。
下面将对计算机英语的知识点进行汇总总结，方便大家学习和参考。
一、计算机硬件1. Central Processing Unit (CPU) - 中央处理器2. Random Access Memory (RAM) - 随机存取存储器3. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - 硬盘驱动器4. Solid State Drive (SSD) - 固态硬盘5. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) - 图形处理器6. Motherboard - 主板7. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - 电源供应器8. Optical Drive - 光驱9. Peripheral - 外设10. Input Devices (Keyboard, Mouse) - 输入设备11. Output Devices (Monitor, Printer) - 输出设备二、计算机软件1. Operating System (OS) - 操作系统2. Application Software - 应用软件3. Programming Language - 编程语言4. Database Management System (DBMS) - 数据库管理系统5. Web Browser - 网络浏览器6. Antivirus Software - 杀毒软件7. Office Suite - 办公软件套件8. File Compression Software - 文件压缩软件9. Utility Software - 实用工具软件10. Open Source Software - 开源软件三、网络与通讯1. Internet - 互联网2. World Wide Web (WWW) - 万维网3. Website - 网站4. Domain Name - 域名5. IP Address - IP地址6. Router - 路由器7. Modem - 调制解调器8. Ethernet - 以太网9. Wireless - 无线10. Broadband - 宽带四、计算机安全1. Firewall - 防火墙2. Encryption - 加密3. Password - 密码4. Authentication - 认证5. Cyber Security - 网络安全6. Phishing - 钓鱼网站7. Malware - 恶意软件8. Vulnerability - 漏洞9. Patch - 补丁10. Data Breach - 数据泄露五、计算机术语与操作1. Desktop - 桌面2. File - 文件3. Folder - 文件夹4. Copy, Cut, Paste - 复制、剪切、粘贴5. Download - 下载6. Upload - 上传7. Install - 安装8. Uninstall - 卸载9. Update - 更新10. Backup - 备份六、计算机编程1. Syntax - 语法2. Variable - 变量3. Function - 函数4. Loop - 循环5. If-else Statement - if-else语句6. Object - 对象7. Class - 类8. Inheritance - 继承9. Debugging - 调试10. Algorithm - 算法七、计算机英语常用缩写1. CPU - Central Processing Unit2. RAM - Random Access Memory3. GPU - Graphics Processing Unit4. HDD - Hard Disk Drive5. SSD - Solid State Drive6. OS - Operating System7. DBMS - Database Management System8. IP - Internet Protocol9. DNS - Domain Name System10. HTML - HyperText Markup Language以上是关于计算机英语的知识点汇总总结，希望能够对大家的学习和工作有所帮助。
计算机专业英语期末考复习资料(推荐文档)
考试范围：Unit 1，Unit2, Unit3.3,3.4,3.5, Unit 4.1, 课后练习，以及翻译练习一，单选15题（30%）范围：1.ENIAC were called ____A__,and typically cost more than a million dollarsA. mainframesB. PCC. minicomputerD. Microcomputerputers are _____D___devices that can follow ________ to accept input, process that input, and procedure information.A. electric, wordsB. electrical, instructuresC. electronic, wordsD. electronic instructions3.___D__ printer uses heat element to produce images on heat-sensitive paper.A. Dot-MatrixB.Ink-JetC. LaserD.Thermal4.____A__ directs the movement of electronic signals between memory and the ALU.A. Control unitB.CPUC. MotherboardD.Memory5._____B__ is short for characters per second.A. MIPS（每秒钟百万条指令）B.CPS（中央处理系统）C. CPUD.OS6._____A___ operating system is the most widely used operating system.A. WindowsB.UnixC. LinuxD.Mac7.DOS means_____C___.A. 光盘操作系统B. 软盘操作系统C．磁盘操作系统 D. 硬盘操作系统8.Software Crisis means_____D___.A. 软件开发B. 软件需求C．硬件危机 D. 软件危机9.下面哪个单词的含义是“封装”____B____.A. inheritance (继承)B. encapsulationC. polymorphism （多态性）D. prototype （原型;样机;样品）10.____B___is just a particular type of computer system.A. BrowserB.JavaC. PlatformD.Virtual machine （虚拟机）11. B is used to communicate with another computer over telephonelines.A. keyboardB. modemC. mouseD. printer12. C is a device that enables the computer to handle sounds.A. network cardB. video cardC. sound cardD. monitor13. A is a word processing tool that helps you to create qualitydocuments.A. Word 2003B. Outlook 2003C. Access 2003D. Excel 200314. B is the latest（最新）desktop version of the Windows operatingsystem from Microsoft.A. Windows NTB. Windows 7C. Windows VistaD. WindowsXP15.Which one is not a computer languages? AA. PowerpointB. PASCALC. JavaD. C++16.The heart of a computer system is _ A___A.CPUB. hard diskC. memoryD. main board17.A virus（病毒）is a A.A. programB. computerC. bad manD. beast18.The basic hardware（基本硬件）components of a personal computerconsist of the D .A. keyboard and mouseB. storage devices（存储设备）and displayC. CPUD. all of above19.The central processing unit (CPU) has two parts:A .A. control unit（控制单元）and ALU（算术逻辑单元）B. ALU and registerC. register（注册）and control unitD. ALU and memory20.The more popular operating system is B operating system.A. MS DOSB. WindowsC. UNIXD. Linux21.The desirable features（特点）of the software produced by object-oriented designs（面向对象设计）are the following aspects expect D .A. minimal coupling(最小的耦合)B. functional cohesion(函数内聚)C. information hiding(信息隐藏)D. hierarchical date base(层次数据库)22.Which one of the following descriptions（描述）is not true aboutsoftware crisis? CA. Software is hard to estimate and scheduled.（软件难以评估和使用）B. Software becomes increasingly expensive.（软件变得越来越昂贵）C. Software is almost impossible to identify.（软件是几乎不可能确定）D. Software is almost impossible to manage. （软件是几乎是不可能的管理）23.In computer science, AI is the abbreviation（简称）of theB .A. Adequate IntakeB. Artificial Intelligence（人工智能）C. Analogy InputD. Appreciative Inquiry24 C are the only languages understood by computers.A. High-level languagesB. Assembly languages（汇编语言）C. Machine languages（机器语言）D. Object-oriented programming languages25.The biggest in size, the most expensive in price than any other is classified（分类）and known as A .A. Super ComputersB. MainframesC. MinicomputersD.Portable Computers二，判断10题（10%）范围：以课后练习为主三，阅读理解4篇20题（40%）P16 4,5,6段P37 倒1 P57 倒数2段（java）P67 1，3，5，6段1、In order to solve a computational problem, its solution must be specified in terms of a sequence of computational steps, each of which may be performed by a human or a digital computer．If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to program．The task of developing programs for the soultion of computational problems is referred to as programming．Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of steps for a computer to follow．In general，this process will help usresolve a problem，which is either too tedious (冗长的) or difficult to work out otherwise．So programming is breaking a task down into small steps．译：为解决计算问题，其解决方案必须被指定在一个计算步骤的序列，每一个可能由一个人或一个数字计算机。
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一、MULTIPLE CHOICE(选择题)(20%)课本前四章课文后的选择题二、BLANK FILLING(填空题)(30%)1.desktop computer(P21):台式机rmation(P21):信息rmation technology(P21):信息技术4.input device(p21):输入设备5.keyboard(p21):键盘6.mainframe computer(p21):大型计算机7.microcomputer(P21):微型计算机8.microprocessor(P21):微处理器9.modem(P21):调制解调器10.monitor(P21):显示器11.mouse(P21):鼠标work(P21):网络13.operating system(P21):操作系统14.printer(P21):打印机15.hardware(P21):硬件16.software(P21):软件17.hard disk(P21):硬盘18.optical disc(p21):光盘19.program(p21):程序20.primary storage(P21):主储存器21.Random Access Memory(RAM)(P21):随机读取储存器22.address(p53):地址23.attachment(P53):附件24.browser(p53):浏览器puter virus(p53):计算机病毒26.dial-up(P53):拨号27.domain name(p53):域名28.downloading(P53):下载29.e-commerce(p53):电子商务30.electronic mail(p53):电子邮件31.hyperlink(p53):超链接32.Internet service provider(ISP)(p53):因特网服务提供商33.online shopping(p53):在线购物34.online banking(p53):在线银行35.protocol(p53):协议36.social networking(p53):社交网络37.search engine(p53):搜索引擎38.spam(p53):垃圾邮件39.Web master(p53):WEB管理员40.button(p85):按钮41.cell(p85):单元格42.column(p85):列43.database(p85):数据库44.font(p85):字体45.dialog box(p85):对话框46.find and replace(p85):查找和替换47.graphical user interface(p85):图形用户接口48.icons(p85):图标49.record(p85):记录50.field(p85):段51.speech recognition(p85):语音识别52.spelling checker(p85):拼写检查器53.worksheet(p85):工作表54.table(p85):表格55.query(p85):查询56.slide(p85):幻灯片三、TERM INTERPRET(名词解释)(25%)(1)Operating systems are programs that coordinate computer resources, provide an interface between users and the computer,and run applications. Windows XP,Windows Vista,and the Mac OS X are three of the best-known operating systems for today’s microcomputer users.(P8)操作系统就是一组程序，这组程序能够调度计算机资源、提供用户和计算机之间的接口，并且能够运行应用程序。
Windows XP、Windows Vista，以及MAC OS X是当今微机使用的最广为人知的三种操作系统。
(2)Software:A program consists of the step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to do its work.Software is another name for a program or programs.The purpose of software is to convert data(unprocessed facts)into information(processed facts).(p4)软件是程序或一组程序的别名，它包括一组告诉计算机如何一步一步工作的指令集合。
软件的目标就是将数据（未经处理的事实）转化成信息（处理过的事实）。
(3)Memory,also known as primary storage or random access memory (RAM),holds data and program instructions for processing the data.It alsoholds the processed information before it is output.Memory is sometimes referred to as temporary storage because its contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted.(p11)内存也称为主存储器或者随机读取储存器，它能够存储数据和用于处理数据的程序指令，它也存储那些已经处理过但还未输出的信息。
内存有时候也被称为暂存因为它储存的内容通常在计算机掉电后会丢失。
(4)Secondary storage:Unlike memory,secondary storage holds data and programs even after electrical power to the computer system has been turned off.The most important kinds of secondary media are floppy,hard,and optical disks.(p13)二级存储：和内存不一样，二级存储即使在计算机关掉后保存的数据和程序也不会丢失。
最重要的二级存储有软盘、硬盘和光盘。
(5)Input devices translate data and programs that humans can understand into a form that the computer can process.The most common input devices are the keyboard and the mouse.(p11)输入设备将人类能够理解的数据和程序转化成一种计算机可以理解的数据。
最普遍使用的输入设备是键盘和鼠标。
(6)Browsers are programs that provide access to Web resources.This software connects you to remote computers,opens and transfers files, displays text and images,and provides in one tool an uncomplicated interface to the Internet and Web documents.(p31)浏览器就是一种提供访问Web资源的接口的程序，它能够连接到远程计算机、打开和传输文件、显示文本和图像，并且提供一种访问Internet 和Web文档的简单的一站式接口。
(7)Plug-ins are programs that are automatically started and operate as a part of your browser.Many web sites require you to have one or more plug-ins to fully experience their content.(p46)插件就是一种自启动并且作为浏览器一部分运行的程序，许多Web站点要求用户必须安装一个或多个插件后才能完全浏览网站内容。
(8)A user interface is the portion of the application that you work with. Most applications use a graphical user interface(GUI)that displays graphical elements called icons to represent familiar objects and a mouse.(p62)用户接口就是应用程序中用户所接触的部分，许多应用程序使用图形用户接口（GUI）来显示图形化的元件，这些元件称为图标，他们可以代表我们熟悉的对象和鼠标。
(9)A database is a collection of related data.It is the electronic equivalent ofa file cabinet.(P74)数据库就是一组相关数据的集合，它是电子化的文件柜。
(10)A database management system(DBMS)or database manager is a program that sets up,or structures,a database.、It also provides tools to enter, edit and retrieve data from the database.(p74).数据库管理系统（DBMS）或数据库管理器就是一种用于创建或构建数据库的程序，它也提供工具用于数据输入、数据编辑和数据库中提取数据。
四、Translation（翻译题）(25%)Webmasters develop and maintain Web sites and Web resources.The job may include backup of the company Web site,updating resources,or development of new resources.Webmasters are often involved in the design and development of the Web site.Some Webmasters monitor traffic on the site and take steps to improve the publicity of the site.Webmasters also may work with marketing personnel to increase site traffic and maybe involved in development of Web promotions.Employers look for candidates with a bachelor’s degree in computer science or information systems and knowledge of common programming languages and Web development software.Knowledge of HTML is considered essential.In addition,competent end users need to be aware of specialized applications.They need to know who uses them,what they are used for,and how they are used.These advanced applications include graphics programs, audio and video editing software,multimedia,Web authoring,and artificial intelligence,including virtual reality,knowledge-based system,and robotics.Once the browser has connected to the Web site,a document file is sent back to your computer.This document typically contains Hypertext MarkupLanguage(HTML)commands.The browser interprets the HTML commands and displays the document as a Web page.For example,when your browser first connects to the Internet,it opens up to a Web page specified in the browser settings.This page presents information about the page along with references and hyperlinks or links that connects to other documents containing related information---text files,graphic images,audio,and video clips.These documents may be located on a nearby computer system or on one halfway around the world.These links typically appears on the Web page as underlined and colored text and/or images.To access the referenced material,all you do is click on the highlighted text or image.A connection is automatically made to the computer containing the material,and the referenced material appears on your display screen.(P32)一旦浏览器连到了Web站点后，一个文档就会发送到你的计算机，这个文档通常包含了超文本标记语言命令，浏览器负责解释这些命令并且将收到的文档显示成一个Web页面。