英语修辞手法及练习

• 4.转喻(Metonymy):是指当甲事物同乙事物不相类似，但有密切关
系时，可以利用这种关系，以乙事物的名称来取代甲事物，这样的一 种修辞手段。转喻的重点不是在“相似”；而是在“联想”。转喻又 称换喻，或借代。 →eg.He is fond of the bottle.
euphemism ＆ hyperbole
写作修辞手法总结
• • • • •
1.simile ＆metaphor 2.synecdoche ＆ metonymy 3.euphemism ＆ hyperbole 4.ironysy ＆ nesthesia ＆personification 5.pun ＆parody ＆oxymoron
simile ＆metaphor
struggle, success, and sadness.
• 14.渐进法,层进法(Climax )这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小.轻重.
深浅.高低等逐层渐进,最后达到顶点.可以增强语势,逐渐加深读者印象.
→eg.Iam sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.
Pun ＆ Parody ＆ Oxymoron
• 10.双关语（pun）是以一个词或词组，用巧妙的办法同时把互不关ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
联的两种含义结合起来，以取得一种诙谐有趣的效果。
→eg .Napoleon was astonished.”Either you are mad, or I am,”he
declared. “Both，sir!”cried the Swede proudly.
1.明喻（simile）：是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本
体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等
→eg、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. 2.隐喻（metaphor）:这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物甲当
名称，而是借事物的本身所呈现的各种对应的现象来表现该事物的这 样一种修辞手段。换喻主要借助于密切的关系与联想，而提喻则是借 助于部分相似。 主要形式是局部代表全体，或以全体喻指部分，或 以抽象代具体，或以具体代抽象。 →eg .The Great Wall was made not only of stones and earth, but of the flesh and blood of millions of men.
• 5.委婉,婉辞法(Euphemism ):指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避
讳的话.
→eg .He is out visiting the necessary?
• 6.夸张（hyperbole）这是运用丰富的想象，过激的言词，渲染
和装饰客观事物，以达到强调的效果。
→eg. My blood froze.
• 9 .What had been experienced in the past was always looming in memory like a picture. (simile)
• 10.The pen is mightier than the sword. (metonymy)
.
• 11.chop,chop,we will miss the bus. (onomatopoeia) • 12.Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.(climax) • 13.Bye, Bye, Balanced Budget (Alliteration)
• 15、拟声（onomatopoeia）是摹仿自然界中非语言的声音，其发音和所描写
的事物的声音很相似，使语言显得生动，富有表现力。
→eg .She banged the door after her.
exercise
• 1.Well, of course, I knew that gentlemen like you carry only large notes.(irony) • 2. Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997.(euphemism) • 3.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year. (parody) • 4.hey share the same roof.(synecdoche) • 5.He is a pig.(metaphor)
.
• 6.She may have tens of thousand of babies in one summer.(from“ Watching Ants”)。(persnification) • 7 .The noise was loud enough to, wake the dead. (hyperbole) • 8.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.(pun.)
→eg.No light, but rather darkness visible.
alliteration ＆climax ＆onomatopoeia
• 13.头韵法（alliteration）在文句中有两个以上连结在一起的词或词组，其 开头的音节有同样的字母或声音，以增强语言的节奏感。
→eg.How and why he had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of
ironysy ＆ nesthesia ＆personification
• 7.讽刺（irony）:用含蓄的褒义词语来表示其反面的意义，从而达
到使本义更加幽默，更加讽刺的效果。 →eg .It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
• 8.通感（synesthesia）:[ˌsinəs'θi:ʒiə]是指在某个感官所产生的感
觉转到另一个感官的心理感受。 →eg .Taste the music of Mozart..
• 9.拟人（personification）:这种修辞方法是把人类的特点、特性
加于外界事物之上，使之人格化，以物拟人，以达到彼此交融，合二 为一。 →eg.My only worry was that January would find me hunting for a job again.
• 14. a surprised silence (Transferred Epithet )
• 15. a bitter-sweet memories (oxymoron)
11. 仿拟(rody) ;这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而
使其产生新意的修辞..
→eg.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided. • 12.反意法,逆喻(Oxymoron):这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调
和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义.
作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
→eg、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets..
synecdoche ＆ metonymy
• 3.提喻（synecdoche）又称举隅法，提喻是不直接说某一事物的