报刊阅读-chapter 5 leads
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• Eyewitness accounts can provide the background for writing lucid descriptions which help the reader to visualise a news situation.
An ominous silence, broken only by the call of a faraway bird, hung over the battle-scarred hills when suddenly an explosion followed by the yells of charging troops smashed the stillness. The loyalist offensive, launched to clear roving guerrillas . . .
Types of leads
• There are two types of leads: direct (hard) and indirect (soft). Generally, journalists use the direct lead for news stories, and the indirect lead for features.
Chapter 5 Leads 导语
What’s a lead?
• A lead (also known as a lede) is the first paragraph or several paragraphs of a story. Its mission is to catch readers’ attention and draw them in. • It is the hardest part to write as it sets the tone and introduces the reader to the rest of the story. • A good lead paints a vivid picture of the story with a few words. Short leads are always desirable. If your lead is over 35 words, it probably is too long.
• When Neil Armstrong landed on the moon, most newspapers led with the first words he spoke: • "A small step for man, but a giant leap for mankind."
Question lead
Harvey Lavan (Van) Cilburn Jr. of Kilgore, Tex., came home from Russia today with 17 pieces of luggage. They bespoke his triumph as pianist in Moscow. He had three when he went over. Richard Roe, who started 47 years ago as a $10-a-week janitor for Consolidated Corporation, today took office as the firm's $2,63,000-a-year chairman and chief executive officer.
Two children at play were killed today when a sports car jumped the curb outside Prospect Park and ran them down. Twelve in the group were injured. Police Chief J.W. Carmichael attributed the tragedy to reckless driving. The driver, slightly injured, was . . .
"I'd like to jail parents themselves who are so lax their kids are boosting the crime rate!" This statement came from Juvenile Court Judge Warren Jones, in releasing a report on the rapid rise in juvenile crime rate in this city.
Anecdotal lead
• The anecdotal lead is used when the anecdote is bright and applicable and not too wasteful of space. It brings the reader quickly into a news situation that might not attract his attention if it were routinely written.
Quotation lead
• If a verbatim quotation itself is very important or interesting, it can be the lead itself. This lead would add an element of interest such as drama, pathos, humour, astonishment, or some other factor that will reach out to the reader.
• Many editors dislike question lead on the basis that people read newspapers to get answers, and not to be asked questions. But if the question is provocative, it may be used as a lead.
Descriptive lead
• A descriptive lead describes how an event happened rather than simply telling what the event is about. Mrs. Pamela Bransden slowly counted five, snapped into a hypnotic trance, and gave birth to an eight-pound baby. It was as easy as that. Today she relaxed at her home here, delighted that she has become Britain's first self-hypnosis mother.
• David and Kay Craig's two-year-old marriage is a second one for both and their story is one that is being repeated with increasing frequency across the country. • Each was married for the first time at 18. David's marriage lasted through five years and two children. Kay's first marriage ended in divorce after a year and eight months. • The Craigs (not their real name) are among the 13 million Americans who, according to the Census Bureau, at one time or another have been through a divorce. More than four million Americans currently list their marital status as divorced. The rate of divorces in this country has been and still is steadily increasing.
Why are leads vital?
• The lead to a story grabs the reader, informs the reader, and teaches the reader how to read the rest of the story. • A newspaper reader is likely to spend only a few seconds deciding whether to read a story. If the lead does not grab the reader, the writer's work is in vain.
Indirect lead
• Rather than telling us about an event or its implications, indirect leads can zoom in to pick out a single detail, character or quote. It could be one detail of a crime scene — shattered glass on a sidewalk, or a single character in a larger drama. It could be an anecdote, which is in effect a story within the story that expands outward. If you have a truly riveting quote, it’s a candidate for a lead. So are questions. Pretty much anything is fair game as long as it works.
Contrast lead
• To vary monotony, a saga can be split into two parts -- the first of which refers to the humble beginning and the second to the hero's latest triumph.
What is the first thing that a woman buys when she is advised that she won $2,50,000 in a jingle contest? Mrs. Jane Roe, informed by XYZ Soaps that her entry took top prize in the nationwide contest, said that she will buy a rhyming dictionary that . . .
Direct lead
• A direct lead gets right to the basics: who, what, when, where and why, with a dose of how if appropriate. • Last night around 1 a.m. a fire broke out at the Associated Corporation’s main warehouse.
• Eyewitness accounts can provide the background for writing lucid descriptions which help the reader to visualise a news situation.
An ominous silence, broken only by the call of a faraway bird, hung over the battle-scarred hills when suddenly an explosion followed by the yells of charging troops smashed the stillness. The loyalist offensive, launched to clear roving guerrillas . . .
Types of leads
• There are two types of leads: direct (hard) and indirect (soft). Generally, journalists use the direct lead for news stories, and the indirect lead for features.
Chapter 5 Leads 导语
What’s a lead?
• A lead (also known as a lede) is the first paragraph or several paragraphs of a story. Its mission is to catch readers’ attention and draw them in. • It is the hardest part to write as it sets the tone and introduces the reader to the rest of the story. • A good lead paints a vivid picture of the story with a few words. Short leads are always desirable. If your lead is over 35 words, it probably is too long.
• When Neil Armstrong landed on the moon, most newspapers led with the first words he spoke: • "A small step for man, but a giant leap for mankind."
Question lead
Harvey Lavan (Van) Cilburn Jr. of Kilgore, Tex., came home from Russia today with 17 pieces of luggage. They bespoke his triumph as pianist in Moscow. He had three when he went over. Richard Roe, who started 47 years ago as a $10-a-week janitor for Consolidated Corporation, today took office as the firm's $2,63,000-a-year chairman and chief executive officer.
Two children at play were killed today when a sports car jumped the curb outside Prospect Park and ran them down. Twelve in the group were injured. Police Chief J.W. Carmichael attributed the tragedy to reckless driving. The driver, slightly injured, was . . .
"I'd like to jail parents themselves who are so lax their kids are boosting the crime rate!" This statement came from Juvenile Court Judge Warren Jones, in releasing a report on the rapid rise in juvenile crime rate in this city.
Anecdotal lead
• The anecdotal lead is used when the anecdote is bright and applicable and not too wasteful of space. It brings the reader quickly into a news situation that might not attract his attention if it were routinely written.
Quotation lead
• If a verbatim quotation itself is very important or interesting, it can be the lead itself. This lead would add an element of interest such as drama, pathos, humour, astonishment, or some other factor that will reach out to the reader.
• Many editors dislike question lead on the basis that people read newspapers to get answers, and not to be asked questions. But if the question is provocative, it may be used as a lead.
Descriptive lead
• A descriptive lead describes how an event happened rather than simply telling what the event is about. Mrs. Pamela Bransden slowly counted five, snapped into a hypnotic trance, and gave birth to an eight-pound baby. It was as easy as that. Today she relaxed at her home here, delighted that she has become Britain's first self-hypnosis mother.
• David and Kay Craig's two-year-old marriage is a second one for both and their story is one that is being repeated with increasing frequency across the country. • Each was married for the first time at 18. David's marriage lasted through five years and two children. Kay's first marriage ended in divorce after a year and eight months. • The Craigs (not their real name) are among the 13 million Americans who, according to the Census Bureau, at one time or another have been through a divorce. More than four million Americans currently list their marital status as divorced. The rate of divorces in this country has been and still is steadily increasing.
Why are leads vital?
• The lead to a story grabs the reader, informs the reader, and teaches the reader how to read the rest of the story. • A newspaper reader is likely to spend only a few seconds deciding whether to read a story. If the lead does not grab the reader, the writer's work is in vain.
Indirect lead
• Rather than telling us about an event or its implications, indirect leads can zoom in to pick out a single detail, character or quote. It could be one detail of a crime scene — shattered glass on a sidewalk, or a single character in a larger drama. It could be an anecdote, which is in effect a story within the story that expands outward. If you have a truly riveting quote, it’s a candidate for a lead. So are questions. Pretty much anything is fair game as long as it works.
Contrast lead
• To vary monotony, a saga can be split into two parts -- the first of which refers to the humble beginning and the second to the hero's latest triumph.
What is the first thing that a woman buys when she is advised that she won $2,50,000 in a jingle contest? Mrs. Jane Roe, informed by XYZ Soaps that her entry took top prize in the nationwide contest, said that she will buy a rhyming dictionary that . . .
Direct lead
• A direct lead gets right to the basics: who, what, when, where and why, with a dose of how if appropriate. • Last night around 1 a.m. a fire broke out at the Associated Corporation’s main warehouse.