定语从句课件 注意后边的习题
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英语定语从句讲解及练习精品PPT课件
that, which, who, whom, whose，as
关系副词
where, when， why
1. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
2. Hospital is a place where doctors work.
先行词
关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系
He prefers the cheese that/which it comes from his parent’ 4. I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot.
I don’t like the people that/who they smoke a lot.
2. 关系代词的用法注意点 that和which都 可指物，以下五种情况只用 that 不用which。 ① 当先行词中有人又有物时。如：
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ② 当先行词为不定代词 all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder（which）he is using is
made in Japan.
④ that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 指代的 先行词
关系副词
where, when， why
1. The boy who is reading is Tom.
先行词
关系代词
2. Hospital is a place where doctors work.
先行词
关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系
He prefers the cheese that/which it comes from his parent’ 4. I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot.
I don’t like the people that/who they smoke a lot.
2. 关系代词的用法注意点 that和which都 可指物，以下五种情况只用 that 不用which。 ① 当先行词中有人又有物时。如：
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? ② 当先行词为不定代词 all, one, few, little, no, some, any, everything, nothing, nobody, none等时。如：
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder（which）he is using is
made in Japan.
④ that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
1. 关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 指代的 先行词
3定语从句复习课件共64张PPT
A. where B. when C. that D. what 2.Some pre-school children go to a day care
center,____ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where
学会找出先行词 关系词 定语从句
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.
先行词 定语从句所修饰的 名词或代词
定语从句 1. 修饰名词或代词 2. 紧跟在先行词后
关系词 1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分
Have a try
（2）He has two children, both of ___are abroad.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who 介词后指人只能用whom
• 定语从句的做题思路 • 定语从句三步： • 第一找出先行词； • 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、
宾语或状语）；
A. that B. the one C. which D. where
1. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?
2.Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A. when B. what C. that D. in which
I still remember the days _____ we worked together. A. when B. what C. that D. for which
center,____ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where
学会找出先行词 关系词 定语从句
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.
先行词 定语从句所修饰的 名词或代词
定语从句 1. 修饰名词或代词 2. 紧跟在先行词后
关系词 1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分
Have a try
（2）He has two children, both of ___are abroad.
A. them B. which C. whom D. who 介词后指人只能用whom
• 定语从句的做题思路 • 定语从句三步： • 第一找出先行词； • 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、
宾语或状语）；
A. that B. the one C. which D. where
1. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?
2.Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A. when B. what C. that D. in which
I still remember the days _____ we worked together. A. when B. what C. that D. for which
定语从句练习ppt课件
1
站在大树底下的女孩 the girl who is standing under the tree
留短发的男孩
the boy who has short hair
正在等车的那个妇女 the woman who is waiting for the bus
我能随之跳舞的音乐 the music that I can dance to
y. 10.It is said the Stonehenge was built to celebrate a __________/'vɪktərɪ/ 11. The __________/’medɪkəl/team is made up of ten doctors. 12.I didn’t understand what he _____________/ɪk'sprest/ just now. 13.The two brothers want to be ___________ [pəˈli:smən] when they grow up. 14.. We all know the ____________/'enədʒɪ/ from the sun is powerful. 15.It is cold outside, put on your _________ .[kəʊt] _. 16.Children should be ____________ [prɪˈventid] from playing games. 17.What were you doing when the plane ________ ][læ ndid] . _? 18.What’s your _________ .[ˈpɜ:pəs of doing this? 19.I will stay here for a __________ .[ˈpɪəriəd] _. 20.There used to be many __________ [ˈræbɪts] on the mountain. 21.Thanks for ____________ ] [əˈtendɪŋ] the meeting. 22.__________ .[hu:z] umbrella is this?
站在大树底下的女孩 the girl who is standing under the tree
留短发的男孩
the boy who has short hair
正在等车的那个妇女 the woman who is waiting for the bus
我能随之跳舞的音乐 the music that I can dance to
y. 10.It is said the Stonehenge was built to celebrate a __________/'vɪktərɪ/ 11. The __________/’medɪkəl/team is made up of ten doctors. 12.I didn’t understand what he _____________/ɪk'sprest/ just now. 13.The two brothers want to be ___________ [pəˈli:smən] when they grow up. 14.. We all know the ____________/'enədʒɪ/ from the sun is powerful. 15.It is cold outside, put on your _________ .[kəʊt] _. 16.Children should be ____________ [prɪˈventid] from playing games. 17.What were you doing when the plane ________ ][læ ndid] . _? 18.What’s your _________ .[ˈpɜ:pəs of doing this? 19.I will stay here for a __________ .[ˈpɪəriəd] _. 20.There used to be many __________ [ˈræbɪts] on the mountain. 21.Thanks for ____________ ] [əˈtendɪŋ] the meeting. 22.__________ .[hu:z] umbrella is this?
定语从句讲解与练习(课件).
She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形式上 意义上 译法上
二、 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。要用for which代替why。
如：
1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为 此我没有去开会。
2. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。(限 制性定语从句“the reason why...”是常见搭配。)
关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定 语从句中担当一个成分。
■关系代词的一般用法
先行词是人，在从句中作主语用who，作宾语用 whom或who，作定语用whose；先行词是物，在 定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which，作定语用of which或whose均可。在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常 被省略。
progress. (2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every,
little, few, much, all, very等形容词修饰时，只能 用that。如：
This is the only problem that we can’t work out.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形式上 意义上 译法上
二、 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。要用for which代替why。
如：
1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为 此我没有去开会。
2. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。(限 制性定语从句“the reason why...”是常见搭配。)
关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定 语从句中担当一个成分。
■关系代词的一般用法
先行词是人，在从句中作主语用who，作宾语用 whom或who，作定语用whose；先行词是物，在 定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which，作定语用of which或whose均可。在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常 被省略。
progress. (2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every,
little, few, much, all, very等形容词修饰时，只能 用that。如：
This is the only problem that we can’t work out.
定语从句题目ppt课件
❖ 34. This was a time ______ there were still salves in the USA.
❖ A. which B. that C. when D. where
❖ 35. Her sister, _____ you met at my home, was a teacher of English.
❖ A. that; that
B. in which; that
❖ C. which; which D. where; in which
在整堂课的教学中，刘教师总是让学 生带着 问题来 学习， 而问题 的设置 具有一 定的梯 度，由 浅入深 ，所提 出的问 题也很 明确
先行词在定语从句中做何成分
❖ 46. I’ll never forget the days _______ I stayed in your beautiful country.
❖ A. which flows
B. flows
❖ C. that flowing
D. whose flows
❖ 31. That’s the factory _______we paid a visit last year.
❖ A. where
B. to which
❖ C. which
D. in which
在整堂课的教学中，刘教师总是让学 生带着 问题来 学习， 而问题 的设置 具有一 定的梯 度，由 浅入深 ，所提 出的问 题也很 明确
❖ 65. This is the largest clock in the world, _____ the minute hand is 6 meters long.
❖ A. works
❖ A. which B. that C. when D. where
❖ 35. Her sister, _____ you met at my home, was a teacher of English.
❖ A. that; that
B. in which; that
❖ C. which; which D. where; in which
在整堂课的教学中，刘教师总是让学 生带着 问题来 学习， 而问题 的设置 具有一 定的梯 度，由 浅入深 ，所提 出的问 题也很 明确
先行词在定语从句中做何成分
❖ 46. I’ll never forget the days _______ I stayed in your beautiful country.
❖ A. which flows
B. flows
❖ C. that flowing
D. whose flows
❖ 31. That’s the factory _______we paid a visit last year.
❖ A. where
B. to which
❖ C. which
D. in which
在整堂课的教学中，刘教师总是让学 生带着 问题来 学习， 而问题 的设置 具有一 定的梯 度，由 浅入深 ，所提 出的问 题也很 明确
❖ 65. This is the largest clock in the world, _____ the minute hand is 6 meters long.
❖ A. works
定语从句练习题PPT课件
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感谢您的观看
翻译题解析与答案
总结词
翻译题是一种检验学生语言运用能力的练习方式，通 过将句子从一种语言翻译成另一种语言，可以让学生 更好地掌握定语从句的用法和规则。
详细描述
在翻译题中，通常会给出一些包含定语从句的英文句 子，要求学生将其翻译成中文。在翻译过程中，学生 需要理解英文句子中的定语从句结构和含义，并将其 准确地转化为中文表达。通过翻译题的练习，学生可 以更好地理解定语从句的用法和规则，提高语言运用 的准确性和流畅性。同时，翻译题还可以帮助学生更 好地理解不同语言之间的文化差异和表达方式。
2. 提供一个包含定语从句的句子，并给出多个可能的时…
“The book _____ was written by John is very popular.” A. which B. that C. it D. who
翻译题
总结词：翻译题是测试学生对定语从句的语义理 解和表达能力，通过提供中文句子，要求学生将 其翻译成英文或英文句子翻译成中文。
01
who作为关系代词，修饰人，替代先行词并在从句中充当成分。
不可省略情况
02
当先行词为one、someone、anyone等不定代词时。
只能用who的情况
03
当先行词为those时，且指人。
whose的用法
引导限定性定语从句
whose作为关系代词，修饰特定名词，替代先行词并在从句中充 当成分。
不可省略情况
03 定语从句的练习题
填空题
总结词
填空题是测试学生对定语从句结构的理解和组织，通过提供句子框架，让学生填写适当 的引导词或完成句子。
感谢您的观看
翻译题解析与答案
总结词
翻译题是一种检验学生语言运用能力的练习方式，通 过将句子从一种语言翻译成另一种语言，可以让学生 更好地掌握定语从句的用法和规则。
详细描述
在翻译题中，通常会给出一些包含定语从句的英文句 子，要求学生将其翻译成中文。在翻译过程中，学生 需要理解英文句子中的定语从句结构和含义，并将其 准确地转化为中文表达。通过翻译题的练习，学生可 以更好地理解定语从句的用法和规则，提高语言运用 的准确性和流畅性。同时，翻译题还可以帮助学生更 好地理解不同语言之间的文化差异和表达方式。
2. 提供一个包含定语从句的句子，并给出多个可能的时…
“The book _____ was written by John is very popular.” A. which B. that C. it D. who
翻译题
总结词：翻译题是测试学生对定语从句的语义理 解和表达能力，通过提供中文句子，要求学生将 其翻译成英文或英文句子翻译成中文。
01
who作为关系代词，修饰人，替代先行词并在从句中充当成分。
不可省略情况
02
当先行词为one、someone、anyone等不定代词时。
只能用who的情况
03
当先行词为those时，且指人。
whose的用法
引导限定性定语从句
whose作为关系代词，修饰特定名词，替代先行词并在从句中充 当成分。
不可省略情况
03 定语从句的练习题
填空题
总结词
填空题是测试学生对定语从句结构的理解和组织，通过提供句子框架，让学生填写适当 的引导词或完成句子。
定语从句讲解（附练习）
定语从句讲解（附练习）定语从句讲解（附练习）⼀、概述在复合句中，修饰某⼀名词或代词，⽤作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先⾏词(antecedent)。
定语从句必须放在先⾏词之后。
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that和关系副词when、where、why等。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.最后，那个⼩偷向警察交出他偷的所有的东西。
（引导词是关系代词that）His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone whose family was poor.他⽗母不让他和家庭困难的⼈结婚。
（引导词是关系代词whose）In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在那个⿊暗的街道上，没有她可以求助的⼈。
（引导词是关系代词whom）In 1519 another traveller who went to America from Europe discovered the tomato. 1519年另⼀位从欧洲去美洲的旅⾏家发现了西红柿。
（引导词是关系代词who）I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得第⼀次去北京的那⼀天。
（引导词是关系副词when）This is the house where we lived last year. 这就是我们去年住的房⼦。
（引导词是关系副词where）⼆、关系代词和关系副词的功⽤能关系代词和关系副词⽤来引导定语从句，在先⾏词和定语从句之间起纽带作⽤，使⼆者联系起来。
文库中考英语语定语从句讲解及练习课件
xx英语语定语从句讲解及练习课件the attributive clause定语从句一、定义：用来修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句被修饰的名词、词组或代词称为先行词；二、关系词和先行词的关系：关系词和先行词密切相关，因为关系词用来指代先行词，并且在从句中充任一定的成分。
常用的关系词有：关系代词：who / whom (先行词表示人)which (先行词表示物)that / whose (先行词表示人或物)关系代词在从句中可充任主语，宾语或定语；可以和介词连用的关系代词：whom, which关系副词：when=on+which (表示时间)where =in+which(表示地点)why=for+which(表示原因)注意：关系副词在从句中充任状语。
三．按关系词种类再学习1．由that引导的定语从句大凡情况下that可指人或物，可以代替who，whom和which，但不能置于介词之后，如不能用in that,只能是in which。
如：the letter that（which）i received yesterday was from myfather．2．由who，whom和whose引导的定语从句who在从句中作主语,有时也可以代替whom做宾语；whom在从句中作宾语；whose在从句中作定语。
如：1）this is the thief who stole my bike．2）he is the boy whom you wanted to find．3）the girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside．3．由which 引导的定语从句which指物，在从句中作主语或作谓语动词的宾语。
如：1)the book which mum bought me last week is very good.2) the house which was built last year belongs to them.4．由where，when和why引导的定语从句where在从句中作地点状语，when在从句中作时间状语，why在从句中作原因状语。
定语从句相关内容讲解与练习PPT课件
先行词 关系代词
（ 关系代词在从句中作表语，只能用that连接）
There is not an easy question that you think it to be
（ 先行词） （关系代词）
（ 关系代词在从句中作表语，只能用that连接）
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关系代词
关系代词that 关系代词which 关系代词who和whom
The boy to write this letter needs a pen
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定语从句就是修饰名词(代词)的从句，被修饰的名 词称为先行词。定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词 引导，前者在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语，后者 在从句中作状语。
无忧PPT整理发布
T_h_e__m_a_n w__h_o lives next to us is a
词pen 数词作定语相当于形容词：
Two boys need two pens B.代词或名词所有格作定语： The boy needs Tom's pen C.介词短语作定语： The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours D.名词作定语： The boy needs a quill pen E.副词作定语： The boy there needs a pen F.不定式作定语：
(先行词) 关系副词
(定语)
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关系代词用法
关系代词
指代
that which who whom
whose (of which)
人／物 物 人 人
人／物
在从句中 的作用
主／宾 主／宾
主／宾 定
定 无忧PPT整理发布
定语从句-讲解练习_课件
关系副词：when, where, why
1.He is a man who/that/whom we should all learn from. 他是一个我们都应当学习的人 2、I don’t like the book that/which you gave me.
1 . 先行词是人，用who \ that，whom （1）who和that 在定语从句中做主语且不省， （2）在从句作宾语用who\that\whom有时可省 （3）但介词前置，则必须用whom且不省 . e.g. 1The people (who\that\whom) you wer talking to were Japanese. (who\that\whom 在从句中作宾语） 2。 She is the girl who /that sells flowers？ (who /that在从句中作主语） 3。 The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. =The girl who\that/whom I spoke to is my
• 介词+关系词（或介词前置）的用法 • 1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。 • 2）that前不能有介词。(即介词前置时不能 用that) 3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状 语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词 when 和where、 why互换。 • This is the house where(in which) I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which (when)you joined our club?
2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese. _______________________________________ 3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking. I don’t like the man who is smoking. ____________________________________ 4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week. Where is the picture that you bought last week? _______________________________________
1.He is a man who/that/whom we should all learn from. 他是一个我们都应当学习的人 2、I don’t like the book that/which you gave me.
1 . 先行词是人，用who \ that，whom （1）who和that 在定语从句中做主语且不省， （2）在从句作宾语用who\that\whom有时可省 （3）但介词前置，则必须用whom且不省 . e.g. 1The people (who\that\whom) you wer talking to were Japanese. (who\that\whom 在从句中作宾语） 2。 She is the girl who /that sells flowers？ (who /that在从句中作主语） 3。 The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. =The girl who\that/whom I spoke to is my
• 介词+关系词（或介词前置）的用法 • 1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。 • 2）that前不能有介词。(即介词前置时不能 用that) 3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状 语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词 when 和where、 why互换。 • This is the house where(in which) I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which (when)you joined our club?
2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese. _______________________________________ 3.I don’t like the man. He is smoking. I don’t like the man who is smoking. ____________________________________ 4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week. Where is the picture that you bought last week? _______________________________________
关系副词定语从句课件
练习题二：地点关系副词的定语从句
总结词
掌握地点关系副词where的用法
详细描述
这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境，让学生掌握地点关系副词 where在定语从句中的用法，包括表示地点和位置的描述。
总结词
理解地点关系副词wherever的用法
练习题二：地点关系副词的定语从句
• 详细描述：这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境，让学生理解地 点关系副词wherever在定语从句中的用法，尤其强调表示无论 在哪个地点或位置的条件。
练习题三：原因关系副词的定语从句
总结词
理解原因关系副词now that的用法
详细描述
这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境，让学生理解原因关系副词now that在定语从句中 的用法，强调表示现在已知事实的原因或理由。
练习题四：方式关系副词的定语从句
总结词
掌握方式关系副词as的用法
详细描述
这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境，让学生掌握方式关系 副词as在定语从句中的用法，强调表示按照某种方式或标 准进行描述或比较。
方式关系副词的用法
描述动作的方式
方式关系副词如“how”、“however”等用于描述定 语从句中的动作发生的方式，它们在从句中充当方式状语 。例如，“I don't know how he managed to finish the race.”
04 关系副词定语从 句的练习与解析
练习题一：时间关系副词的定语从句
总结词
理解方式关系副词like的用法
详细描述
这道练习题将通过例句和实际情境，让学生理解方式关系 副词like在定语从句中的用法，尤其强调表示与某个事物 相似的状态或特点。
05 关系副词定语从 句的注意事项
定语从句(中文附练习).ppt
4、“名词（或代词）＋介词＋关系代词”结构 当“介词＋关系代词”在定从中作定语时，用 此 特殊结构表达。这种结构中的介词常用 of ，表示 “所有的”，该介词位置不可改变，关系代词不 可 省。 Our school has eighty teachers, thirty of whom are women. (或of whom thirty) They live in a house, the door of which opens to the south. (或of which the door;或whose door) There are many books on the desk, some of which belong to Tim.
3当定语从句不是修饰一个确定的名词或代词而是修饰整个句子或其中一部分时用which意思是andthis
定语从句
一、关系代词 who, whom, whose, that, which, as, but （否定关 系代词） 1、代表定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，即先行词。 2、在从句中担任一个成分，如主语、宾语、表语 定语。 Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. There is no one of us but wishes to go. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. 二、关系副词 when, ere, why
相当于定语从句中相关的一个副词或介词短语。在定
语从句中作状语。
This is the place where I once lived. 比较：This is the place (that/which) I once visited. 需要注意的几个问题 一、限定性定语从句：是辨认先行词所代表的人或 物所 不可缺少的定语。不可去掉，否则意思不清 楚。关系代词在 从句中作宾语时，可以省略。主从句之间无逗号分开。从 句与先行词关系密切。 Those students who don’t pass the end-of-term exam may not join the English Group. This is the best book (that) I have ever read.
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(先行词)
as
关系副词：where when why
Attributive clause
❖ 一、关系代词引导的定语从句：
1、关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词（如下表）
作用
主语 宾语
功能 用于限制性定语从句或非 限制性从句
代替人
代替物
只用于限制 向从句
代替人或物
who
which
that
whom
2.填空题
❖I’m very glad to return to my hometown （Where）I had lived for 10 years.
❖2. This is my hometown （which）I used to talk about to you.
❖3. I think I can understand the reason （why）he didn’t tell the truth to me.
我不知道他为什么没有参加昨天的会议。（做原因状 语）
Attributive clause
注意：
❖定语从句前必须有个名词, 定语从句用来修饰前边的名词, 这个名词叫 先行词 ,并在定语从句中充当一个成分。
❖定语从句必须由一个关系代词或关系副词引导，只有一种 情况可省略关系代词： 在限制性定语从句中，先行词在从句中用充当宾语时，如 果不是紧跟在介词之后，通常可以省略。
B. 在限制性定语从句中，关系代词which用作宾语时，如果不是 紧跟在介词之后，通常可以省略；但在非限制性定语从句中，不 管在什么情况下均不可省略关系代词which。
3. 用法注意
❖ 当一个名词已由其他词语作了完整的表述，这个名词后则 不宜再用限制限制性从句，而应改用非限制性定语从句。 如：
❖ 我去看买的房子有一个很漂亮的花园。 ❖ 误：My house which I bought last year has
For example:
❖This is the book that you want. 这就是你 要的那本书。 句中的you want为限制性定语从句，如果去掉， 意思就不清楚。
❖He bought me a book, which was very useful. 他给我买了一本书，非常有用。 句中的which was very useful为非限制性定 语从句，如果去掉，句子意思仍是清楚的。
定语从句（attributive clause）
英语词性的分类
1 名词 noun 2 代词 pronoun 3 形容词 adjective 4 副词 adverb 5 动词 verb 6 数词 numeral 7 冠词 article 8 介词 preposition 9 连词 conjunction 10 感叹词 interjection
got a lovely garden. ❖ 正：My house, which I bought last year, has
got a lovely garden. ❖ 若要用限制性定语从句，则应将物主代词my改为the，即
说成：
❖ The house which I bought last year has got a lovely garden.
比较以下句子：
Attributive clause
1 This is a book.
（简单句）
这是一本书
2 This is the book that you want. （复合句）
这是你想要的那本书
定语从句
（1）含义： 在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名 词或代词的定语）叫定语从句。
不同词性间的修饰关系
1. 形容词修饰名词 2. 副词修饰形容词、动词 3. 冠词后必出现名词 4. 介词后必出现名词 5. 连词连接的词，词性必须一致
英语五种基本句型
1.S+V （主+谓） Things change. 事物是变化的。
2.S+V+P （主+系+表） Mr. Turner is an artist. 特纳先生是位画家。 She became a lawyer. 她当了律师。
which
that
定语
Whose(= Whose(= of whom) of whom)
Forቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱexample:
（1）He is a man who(/that) means what he says. 他是一个说话算数的人。（指人，作主语）
（2）The people whom (/that) you met in the campus yesterday are from England. 你昨天在校园里遇到的那些人是从英国来的。（指人，作 宾语）
Exercise two:
【典型例题】
❖ [例1] Friendship is needed by all, _____ plays an important role in people ’s lives.
成分 主语 谓语
宾语 补语 定语 状语
英语句子成分
词性
作用
名词、代词、名词性从 句
动词：包括实意动词、 系动词等
表明动作发出者的身份 等
表达具体的动作以及动 作发生的时态、语态等
名词、代词、名词性从 句
名词、形容词、动词不 定式、分词等
形容词或者形容词性从 句
副词或者副词性从句
动作的接受者的身份
补充说明宾语状态，动 作结果等 修饰名词（主语或者宾 语等） 修饰动词（谓语动词）
Attributive clause
（2）定语从句的结构：定语从句一般放在被修饰名词或 代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行 词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代 先行词的内容叫做关系词，先行词在定语从句中充当 主语，宾语，定语或时间、地点、原因状语。
Antecedent: 关系代词 ：who that whom which whose
正：She received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise.
❖ 他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。
误：The main reason, why he lost his job, was that he drank.
正：The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank.
❖(1)He will always remember the day when (on which )his father returned from America. 它将永远记着父亲从美国返回的那一天。(作时间 状语）
（2）I don’t know the reason why (for which) he didn’t come to the meeting yesterday morning.
n. pron. adj. adv. v. num. art. prep. conj. interj.
student 学生 you你 happy 高兴的 quickly 迅速地 cut 砍、割 three 三 a 一个 at 在... and 和 oh 哦
前六类叫实词，后四类叫虚词。
注意：今后考试中常考的是名词、形容词、副词、动词、 冠词、介词
（3）The book which (/that) you are reading is written by a contemporary American novelist. 你正在读的那本书是一位美国现代小说家写的。（指物， 作宾语）
2、关系副词引导定语从句，并在句中分别表示时间、地 点或原因等。
(C)we had supper at a nearby restaurant. A. When B. which after C. after which D. and that after 3.The speed (D) light travels is said to be the
maximum in the measured. A. In which B. from which C. by which D. at which
❖4. No one believes the reason （that）he gave us about his absence at the meeting.
3.把两个简单句合成一个句子
1.The girl is my neighbor. The girl helped me yesterday.
Where’s the peck of pickled pepers (which/that) Peter Piper picked? The people (whom /that) you met in the campus yesterday are from England.
Exercise one：
3.S+V+O （主+谓+宾） We never beat children. 我们从来不打孩子。
4.S+V+IO+DO（主+谓+间宾+直宾） He gave his sister a book. He gave a book to his sister. 他给了他的妹妹一本书。
5.S+V+DO+OC （主+谓+宾+宾补） I found the book easy. 我发现这本书不难。（形容词easy作补语） I'll let him go. 我将让他去。（不定式go用作补语）
关系副词的意思相当于“介词+which 结构”：