四川农业大学本科生论文格式
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本科毕业论文写作格式要求(模版)
1. 基本要求
科学实验论文和毕业设计一般不少于5000字,调研报告一般不少于7000字。参考文献不少于15篇,其中,生物科学和化学生物学专业至少引用1篇英文文献。
2. 打印要求
论文一律用A4(210 mm×297 mm)标准大小的白纸打印并装订(左装订)成册。版面页边距上空2.5cm,下空2cm,左空2.5cm,右空2cm。页码位于页面底端(页脚),居中对齐,首页显示页码。
行距为1.5倍行距,字符间距为标准。
3. 计量单位使用要求
须采用1984年2月27日国务院发布的《中华人民共和国法定计量单位》。
4.写作格式要求
各专业英文翻译:
生物科学专业Biological Science
化学生物学Chemical Biology
信息与计算科学专业Information and Computational Science (见后范例)
三份野生荞麦POD、CAT、EST的同工酶谱分析(黑体三号、居中)
生物科学2002级张明坤(宋体小四号、居中)
指导教师吴琦副教授(宋体小四号、居中)
摘要(宋体小四号、加粗、顶格):采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)对三份野生荞麦根、茎和叶的过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和酯酶(EST)的同工酶进行了酶谱分析。结果显示,POD和EST都检测到5条谱带,包括POD-1、POD-2、POD-3、POD-4及POD-5,其中POD-3及POD-4在所有组织中都存在,但在苦荞麦1号中的带最强;POD-1只在金荞麦叶片及金荞麦1号茎中出现;POD-2在茎组织及苦荞麦1号根中存在,但在金荞麦及苦荞麦中的位置不同;POD-5存在于叶片及苦荞麦1号茎中,在苦荞麦的带较强。EST-1及EST-2只出现在金荞麦2号茎和叶中,EST-3和EST-5只存在于叶片中,并且在金荞麦1号中的带最强,EST-4存在于茎和叶片,在金荞麦1号最强;CAT只有3条带,其中CAT-1出现在叶片中,在苦荞麦1号及金荞麦1号表达较强;CAT-2出在现在茎和叶片,并且茎、叶位置不同;CAT-3只存在于叶片中,非常微弱。分析表明,供试的三份野生荞麦的同工酶表达,具有明显的组织间差异和种间差异。(中文用楷体小四号、英文用Times New Roman小四号、两端对齐)
关键词(宋体小四号、加粗、顶格):荞麦,同工酶分析,过氧化物酶,过氧化氢酶,酯酶(楷体小四号、两端对齐)(关键词间,用逗号隔开)
Zymogram Analysis of POD, CAT and EST Isoenzymes from Three Wild Buckwheat(Times New Roman三号、居中)
ZHANG Ming-kun Biological Science, Grade 2002(Times New Roman小四号、居中)Directed by WU Qi (Associate Prof. Ph. D)(Times New Roman小四号、居中)Abstract(Times New Roman小四号、加粗、顶格):Using the vertical polyacrylamide gel electophoresis,
the differentiation of peroxide(POD), catalase(CAT) and esterase(EST) isoenzyme from roots, caudexes and leaves of three wild buckwheat were analyzed. The results showed that five bands including POD-1, POD-2, POD-3, POD-4 and POD-5 were detected in the gel of POD as well as EST-1, EST-2, EST-3, EST4 and EST-5 for EST. POD-3 and POD-4 were common in all the tissues, but most intensive in F. tartaricum. POD-2 was only discovered in the leaves of F. cymosum and caudex of F. cymosum 1. Although there was some difference between the location, POD-2 appeared in the caudexes of three buckwheat and root of F. tartaricum. POD-5 was detected in all leaves and caudx of F. tartaricum, moreover, it was much more obvious in tissues of F. tartaricum. EST-1 and EST-2 existed in leaf and caudex of F. cymosum 2. EST-3 and EST-5 were found in all the tested leaves and the bands in F. cymosum 1 were clearest. For CAT, only 3 bands were detected in all tissues, CAT-1 appeared in the leaves of three buckwheat and clearer in F. cymosum and F. cymosum 1. CAT-2 was detected in different location in leaves and caudexes. CAT-3 existed in the leaves though it was unclear. The results of analysis showed difference in quantity and intensity of the band among all isoenzymes during the tested species and tissues.(Times New Roman小四号、两端对齐)
Keywords(Times New Roman小四号、加粗、顶格): Buckwheat, Analysis of Isoenzymes, POD, CAT, EST(Times New Roman小四号、两端对齐)
同工酶的概念早在1895年,由Fischer提出[1](引文序号用Times New Roman小四号,上标)。现在一般认为,同工酶是指同一种酶的多种分子形式。这些不同的分子形式具有相同或相似的底物,催化相同的反应[2](引文序号用Times New Roman小四号,上标)。同工酶是基因表达的产物,在一定程度上反映生物的系统发生,因此,利用同工酶分析技术,从分子水平、从遗传背景方面来寻找植物种类间的亲缘关系,较能弥补形态分类的不足[3-5](连续引用多篇引文序号用Times New Roman小四号,X-Y, 上标)。同工酶在进化中具有一定的保守性,受基因控制,在一定程度上反映生物的系统发生[6]。同工酶标记是属于生化标记之一,它作为基因表达的直接产物,其结构的多样性在一定程度上可以反映出生物遗传物质DNA 组成上的差异。(中文用宋体小四号、英文用Times New Roman小四号、段前缩进2个汉字,两端对齐)荞麦(Buckwheat)属于蓼科(Polygonaceae)荞麦属(Fagopyrum)的双子叶植物,起源于喜马拉雅山系东侧即我国西南地区。目前,我国已发现的荞麦有10个种和2个
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