(2)--病理学期末考试题及答案
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病理学期末考试试题
一、单选题（20分）
1. A 65-year-old man develops intense crushing substernal chest pain that is not relieved by nitroglycerin. The ECG shows ST-segment elevation and abnormal Q waves. His condition rapidly worsens and he dies 2 days later. At autopsy a
2.5 cm2 necrotic area is found that involves the anterior left ventricle. What is the most likely cause of this patient's myocardial infarction?
A．Fibrinoid necrosis of main trunk of left coronary artery
B．Severe stenosis of all three main branches of coronary artery without thrombosis C．Thrombosis of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery D．Complete occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery
E．V asospasm of the right coronary artery
2. A 60-year-old man has had hypertension for 20 years. His blood pressure has ranged from 150/95 mmHg to 220/110 mmHg. He has diabetes mellitus and has had signs of renal failure since last year.During the workup of her disease,a renal biopsy is performed. Which of the following vascular lesions is most likely to be found in the kidney of this patient?
A. Dystrophic calcification in the tunica media of muscular arteries
B.The lumens of the afferent glomerular arterioles are narrowed by uniform, homogenous, pink deposits within the vessel walls
C. Fibrinoid necrosis of the intima and tunica media of vascular wall with infiltration of monocytes and neutrophilic granulocytes
D. A concentric obliteration of arterioles by an increase in smooth muscle cells and protein deposition in a laminar configuration
E. Chronic granulomatous inflammation with giant cells and breaks in the internal elastic lamina
3. A 11-year-old girl manifests choreiform movements and begins to complain of pain in her knees and hips, particularly with movement 3 weeks after a bout of acute pharyngitis. She develops subcutaneous nodules over the skin of her arms and torso at the same time.
A friction rub is heard on auscultation of the chest. Which of the following serum laboratory findings is most characteristic of the disease affecting this patient?
A. Increased creatine kinase-MB fraction (CK-MB)
B. Positive blood culture for Staphylococcus aureus
C. High double-stranded DNA autoantibody titer
D. Elevated anti-streptolysin O level
E. Elevated cholesterol level
4. Which type of emphysema involves the entire acinus?
A. Centriacinar emphysema
B. Panacinar emphysema
C. Interstitial emphysema
D. Periacinar emphysema
E. Irregular emphysema