语法复习专项：定语从句

the museum together?
2 This is the factory _w_h_e_r_e__/_i_n__w_h_i_c_h_ my father once
worked.
3 This is the reason _w_h_y__/_f_o_r__w_h_i_c_h_ he was late.
(2) 当先行词是he, they, those, people, person等词 时
He who wants to catch fish just not mind getting wet. 注：在固定结构的谚语或习语中，可用he that…
He that promises too much means nothing. (3) 当先行词有较长的后置定语修饰时。 Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is speaking at the meeting?
引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有： who, whom, whose, which, as, when 和 where 不可以用that和why
另外，非限制性定语从句从意义上讲，相当于一个并列 句，在口语中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人们通常 用并列句或简单句来表达。
I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.
＊定义 ＊关系代词、关系副词的用法 ＊限制性定语从句VS非限制性定语从句 ＊ as引导的定语从句 ＊常见考点 ＊解题步骤 ＊巩固练习
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句 叫定语从句;相当于名词和形容词的作用。 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 连接先行词和从句的词叫做关系代词或 关系副词
eg: Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?
(1)限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况，对先行 词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不可 用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不 完整。
This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you?
The reason (_w_h__ic_h_/_th_a_t_) he gave us was quite reasonable. d His father works in a factory _w_h_e_r_e radio parts are made.
His father works in a factory _w_h_i_c_h_/t_h_a_t makes radio parts.
This is so difficult a problem that nobody in my
class can work it out.
状语从句
比较：
Your dictionary is the same one as I bought
the other day.
不是同一本
The dictionary is the same one that I lent you. 同一本书
(1) 当先行词是不定代词all, a lot, few, much, none, anything, nothing等或被不定代词all, any, no, much, little, few, every所修饰时。 1. All that can be done has been done. 2. We heard clearly every word that he said.
b That was the time _w_h_e_n_ he arrived. Do you still remember the days(_w_h_i_c_h_/t_h_a_t)we spent
together? c This is the reason _w_h_y__/ _fo_r__w_h_i_c_h he went.
(2) 当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。 The first thing that should be done is to get
the tickets. (3) 当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高 级所修饰时
Is that the best that you can do? (4) 当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。
在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指人时， 关系词可用who(m)或that，二者常可互换。 但在下列情况中，用who(m)，而不用that：
(1) 当先行词是one, ones, any, few, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everyone, everybody 等词时 He was among the few who managed to live through the enemy prison camp.
考点2 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
【1】当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词 只能用which / whom / whose
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. Recently I bought an vase, the price of which was very reasonable. Mr Smith, in whose department she worked, came to see her.
That is the house where he lived ten years ago.
关系代词和关系副词的作用 1、引导作用 2、替代作用 3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
eg 1 Those who want to go please sign your names here.
2 This is the house where he was born. 3 Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot
(2)非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明， 没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因 而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完 整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字中通常 用逗号与主句隔开。
This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.
She is the only girl (that) I know who can play the guitar.
关系副词when, where, why的用法 关系副词一般都等于一个适当的介词＋which， 在从句中作状语。
when= in/at/on/during…+which where= in/at/on/…+which why=for +which 1 Do you still remember the day _w_h_e_n_ we went to visit
比较：
This is such a difficult problem as nobody in
my class can work out. 定语从句
This is such a difficult problem that nobody in
my class can work it out. 状语从句
(3)两种定语从句的内涵不同，限制性定语从句具 有涉他性，而非限制性定语从句具有唯一性， 这在理解和翻译时应特别注意。
His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man. （只有一个） His brother who is a PLA man is eighteen years old. （不止一个）
1 Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. 2 Let’s discuss only such questions as concern every one of us. 3 Would you please buy me the same novel as you bought for brother yesterday, Mum? 4 As we all know, John is an honest man. 5 This is so difficult a problem as nobody in my class can work out.
Which is the car that killed the boy? Who is the girl that is talking there? (7) 在there be 句型结构中 There is still a point that I can’t understand. (8) 定语从句中缺少表语时 China is not the country that it used to be.
= I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother.
关系代词as可以引导限制性和非限制性定语从 句，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；引导限 制性定语从句常用于下列句式： such+名词+as… so+形容词+名词+as… 像…一样的，像…之类的 the same+名词+as… 和…同样的
of questions.
关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose） 的指代关系