外贸单证知识

知识梳理一、信用证1.种类不可撤销信用证Irrevocable L/C/可撤销信用证Revocable L/C即期信用证Sight L/C /远期信用证Usance L/C保兑信用证Confirmed L/C /不保兑信用证Unconfirmed L/C可转让信用证Transferable L/C /不可转让信用证Non-transferable L/C有追索权信用证With recourse L/C /无追索权信用证Without recourse L/C跟单信用证Documentary L/C /光票信用证Clean L/C循环信用证Revolving L/C背对背信用证Back to Back L/C 对开信用证Reciprocal L/C信开信用证To open by airmail L/C 电开信用证To open by cable L/C2.译1）drawn on “向……开立”2）Against 凭……3）Applicant 申请人4）Opening /Issuing bank 开证行5）Beneficiary受益人6）Advising bank /Notifying bank通知行7）Negotiating bank 议付行8）The soft clause 软条款9）Discrepancy fee 不符点费10）Sequence of total 报文页次2711）Documentary credit NB 信用证号2012）Reference to pre-advice 预先通知号2313）Date of Issue 开证日期31C14）Date and Place of expiry 信用证有效期和有效地点31D15）Currency code amount 结算货币和金额32B16）Percentage credit amount tolerance 信用证金额上下浮动范围（溢短装）39A 17）Maximum credit amount 信用证最高金额39B18）Additional Amount 附加金额39C19）Form of documentary credit 跟单信用证形式40A20）Applicable rules 信用证法则40E21）Any bank 自由议付41A22）Available with......by...... 指定银行及兑付方式41D23）Drawee 汇票付款人42A 42D24）Drafts at 汇票付款日期42C25）Mixed payment details 混合付款条款42M26）Deferred payment details 迟期付款条款42P27）Partial shipment 分装条款43P28）Transhipment 转运43T29）Loading on board /dispatch/packing in charge at/from 装船发运和接收监管地点44A 30）For transportation to 货物发运最终地点44 B31）Port of loading 装货港44E32）Port of discharge 卸货港44F33）Latest date of shipment最迟装运期44C34）Shipment period 船期44D35）Description of goods and /or services 货物描述46A/B36）Documents required 单据要求46A/B37）Additional conditions 特别条款47A/B38）Period for presentation 交单期限4839）Confirmation instruction 保兑指示4940）Applicant 信用证申请人5041）Applicant bank 信用证开证银行51A/D42）Reimbursement bank 偿付行53A/D43）Advised through bank 通知行57A44）Beneficiary 信用证受益人5945）Charges 费用71B46）Sender to receiver information 附言7247）Instruction to the paying/accepting/negotiating bank 给付款行、承兑行、议付行的指示78 48）Swift code 银行代码49）SWIFT 环球银行财务电讯协会（=Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication ）二、合同contractycan date 受载期（= layday and canceling date）2.Notice of arrival 到货通知单3.ETA 预计到达时间（=Estimated Time of Arrival）4.PWWD每晴天工作日（= Per Weather Working Day）5.Dispatch 速遣Demurrage 滞期6.Fixture note 租船确认合同7.NOR 准备就绪通知书（=Notice of Readiness）8.Time Sheet 装卸时间表（计算单）9.Draft survey 水尺计重10.Shipping terms 发运条件11.Gencon 金康合同(General contract)12.C/P Charter Party 租船契约13.Discrepancies 不符点14.Bill of Lading 提单15.Blank endorsed 空白背书made out to order 做成指示抬头to order凭指示16.Insurance policy 保险单Insurance certificate 保险凭证17.Transfer of risks18.Time of delivery 交货期19.In bulk 散装20.Port of loading 装货港Port of discharging 卸货港21.Per Wet Metric Ton 每湿吨22.Be borne by 由……承担23.At seller’s option 由卖方选择24.Fraction prorate 按比例test shipment date 最迟装运期26.Statement of fact 实事记录27.Once on demurrage always on demurrage 一旦滞期永远滞期28.“Freight payable as per charter party”按照租船契约付运费29.F.P.A 平安险IC 中国检验认证集团（=China Commodity Inspection Corporation）31.Account number 账号32.Swift code 银行代码33.Beneficiary Bank 受益行34.Force Majeure 不可抗力35.Act of god 天灾Act of Government 政府行为36.Description of ship 船舶说明description of goods 货名37.UCP 跟单信用证统一惯例(Uniform Customs and Practice)38.D/P 付款交单（document against payment）D/A 承兑交单（=document against acceptance）39.In duplicate 一式两份In triplicate 一式三份In quadruplicate 一式四份In quintuplicate 一式五份In sextuplicate 一式六份In septuplicate 一式七份In octuplicate 一式八份In nonuplicate 一十九份In decuplicate 一式十份40.T/T 电汇（=Telegraph transfer）41.MOEP 矿石出口许可证（=Mineral Ore Export Permit）42.OTP 矿石运输许可证（=Ore Transport Permit）43.Port Charter 港口租约44.WIPON （=Whether in port or not）不管进港与否45.泊位租约berth charter46.WIBON （=Whether in berth or not）不管泊位与否47.Reachable on arrival 到达即可靠泊三、汇票draft/ Bill of Exchange1.当事人1）出票人drawer2) 受票人drawee3）收款人payee2.种类1）按出票人银行汇票Banker’s draft 商业汇票commercial draft2）有无附属单据光票clean bill 跟单汇票documentary bill3）付款时间即期汇票sight draft 远期汇票time bill or usance bill远期汇票付款时间规定：见票后XX天付款at XX days after sight出票后XX 天付款at XX days after date of draft提单签发日后XX天付款at XX days after date of B/L指定日期付款at a fixed date in future3.使用1）出票Issue2）提示presentation3）承兑acceptance4）付款payment5）背书endorsement6）拒付dishonor4翻译1）Pay to the order of “凭……指示”2）若信用证规定：Drawn on applicantDrawn on account eeDrawn on XX co买方（开证申请人）为付款人Drawn on openerDrawn on principalsDrawn on them/themselvesDrawn on you/yourselves指通知行Drawn on us/ourselves开证行、付款行、偿付行等为付款银行Drawn on XX bank3）汇票的抬头国际票据市场上，汇票的抬头通常有三种写法：限制性抬头“pay XX only ”(仅付款给某人)或加上（Not negotiable 不准流通）指示抬头“pay to the order of .......”可背书转让持票人或来人抬头pay bearer (付给来人)在我国对外贸易中，汇票的收款人一般都是以银行为指示抬头。