污水处理厂毕业设计。带CAD图纸及相关资料。
20000m3d城市污水处理厂综合设计(含11个CAD作图图纸)--优秀毕业设计
本设计污水处理厂综合设计包括15个图纸,十分全面,具体详见报告后附图。
本报告附图全面详细。
图纸内容如下:A2O池,初沉池,幅流式二沉池,隔栅,工艺简单图,工艺流程图(高程图),回转耙式格栅除污机图,平面布置图,污泥浓缩池,厌氧消化池,钟式沉砂池等。
全为CAD制图。
下载后复制放大或打印可看清!题目20000m3/d城市污水处理厂综合设计专业: 环境工程年级: 2005级学号: 3105001286姓名: 莫笑伟指导教师:2008年12 月摘要我国水体污染主要来自两方面,一是工业发展超标排放工业废水,二是城市化中由于城市污水排放和集中处理设施严重缺乏,大量生活污水未经处理直接进入水体造成环境污染。
工业废水近年来经过治理虽有所减少,但城市生活污水有增无减,占水质污染的51%以上。
我国水体污染主要来自两方面,一是工业发展超标排放工业废水,二是城市化中由于城市污水排放和集中处理设施严重缺乏,大量生活污水未经处理直接进入水体造成环境污染。
工业废水近年来经过治理虽有所减少,但城市生活污水有增无减,占水质污染的51%以上。
本设计要求处理水量为20000m3/d的城市生活污水,设计方案针对已运行稳定有效的A2/O活性污泥法工艺处理城市生活污水。
A2O工艺由于不同环境条件,不同功能的微)能生物群落的有机配合,加之厌氧、缺氧条件下,部分不可生物降解的有机物(CODNB被开环或断链,使得N、P、有机碳被同时去除,并提高对COD的去除效果。
它可以同NB--时完成有机物的去除,硝化脱氮、磷的过量摄取而被去除等功能,脱氮的前提是NH3N应完全硝化,好氧池能完成这一功能,缺氧池则完成脱氮功能。
厌氧池和好氧池联合完成除磷功能。
关键词:城市生活污水,活性污泥,A2/O目录摘要 (III)目录 (IV)第一章设计概述 ······································································- 7 -1设计任务 ······································································- 7 - 2设计原则 ······································································- 7 - 3设计依据 ······································································- 8 - 第二章工艺流程及说明 ·····························································- 8 -1工艺方案分析 ································································- 8 - 2工艺流程 ······································································- 9 - 3流程各结构介绍 ·····························································- 9 -3.1格栅······························································································· - 9 -3.2沉砂池··························································································- 10 -3.3初沉池··························································································- 10 -3.4生物化反应池··············································································- 10 -3.5二沉池··························································································- 12 -3.6浓缩池··························································································- 12 - 第三章构筑物设计计算 ··························································· - 12 -1格栅 ·········································································· - 12 -1.1设计说明······················································································- 12 -1.2设计计算······················································································- 13 -2沉砂池 ······································································· - 16 -2.1设计说明······················································································- 16 - 3初沉池 ······································································· - 17 -3.1设计说明······················································································- 17 -3.2设计计算······················································································- 17 - 4生化池 ······································································· - 19 -4.1设计说明······················································································- 19 -4.2设计计算······················································································- 19 - 5二沉池 ······································································· - 26 -5.1设计说明······················································································- 26 -5.2设计计算······················································································- 26 - 6液氯消毒 ···································································· - 29 -6.1设计说明······················································································- 29 -6.2设计计算······················································································- 29 - 7污泥浓缩池 ································································· - 30 -7.1设计说明······················································································- 30 -7.2设计计算······················································································- 30 -8 污泥消化池 ································································· - 31 -8.1设计说明······················································································- 31 -8.2设计计算······················································································- 32 - 9浓缩污泥提升泵房 ························································ - 38 -9.1设计选型······················································································- 38 -9.2提升泵房······················································································- 38 -9.3污泥回流泵站··············································································- 38 -10污泥脱水间 ······························································· - 39 -10.1设计说明······················································································- 39 -11鼓风机房 ·································································· - 39 - 12恶臭处理系统 ···························································· - 39 -12.1设计说明······················································································- 39 -12.2设计计算······················································································- 39 -12.3风机选型······················································································- 40 - 第四章污水处理厂总体布置 ····················································· - 41 -1总平面布置 ································································· - 41 -1.1总平面布置原则··········································································- 41 -1.2总平面布置结果··········································································- 41 -2高程布置································································································- 42 -2.1高程布置原则··············································································- 42 - 第五章参考文献 ···································································· - 42 -第一章设计概述1设计任务本次课程设计的主要任务是完成某城市污水厂的A2/O工艺设计处理生活污水,处理水量为20000m3/d,按近期规划人口10万人计算(自定)。
污水处理厂毕业设计(包含CAD大图)
目录引言................................................. 错误!未定义书签。
1 设计任务及概况 (6)1.1设计任务及依据 (6)1.1.1 设计任务 (6)1.1.2 设计依据及原则 (6)1.1.3设计围 (7)1.2设计水量及水质 (7)1.2.1设计水量 (7)1.2.2设计水质 (7)1.3.3设计人口 (7)2 工艺设计方案的确定 (8)2.1方案确定的原则 (8)2.2污水处理工艺流程的确定 (8)2.2.1厂址及地形资料 (8)2.2.2气象及水文资料 (9)2.2.3可行性方案的确定 (9)2.2.4工艺流程方案的确定 (10)2.2.5污泥处理工艺流程 (12)2.3主要构筑物的选择 (12)2.3.1格栅 (12)2.3.2泵房 (13)2.3.3沉砂池 (13)2.3.4初沉池、二沉池 (14)2.3.5曝气池 (14)2.3.6接触池 (15)2.3.7计量槽 (16)2.3.8浓缩池 (16)2.3.9消化池 (16)2.3.10污泥脱水 (17)3污水处理系统工艺设计 (17)3.1格栅的计算 (17)3.1.1粗格栅 (17)3.1.2格栅的计算 (18)3.1.3选型 (21)3.2泵房 (21)3.2.1泵房的选择 (21)3.2.2泵的选择及集水池的计算 (21)3.2.3扬程估算 (22)3.3细格栅 (22)3.3.1细格栅的计算: (22)3.3.2格栅的计算 (23)3.3.3选型 (25)3.4沉砂池的计算 (26)3.4.1池体计算 (26)3.4.2沉砂室尺寸计算 (27)3.4.3排砂 (29)3.4.4出水水质 (30)3.5初沉池 (30)3.5.1池体尺寸计算 (30)3.5.2中心管计算 (33)3.5.3出水堰的计算 (34)3.5.4集配水井计算 (35)3.5.5出水水质 (35)3.5.6选型 (36)3.6曝气池 (36)3.6.1池体计算 (36)3.6.2曝气系统设计与计算 (39)3.6.3供气量 (40)3.6.4空气管道系统计算 (43)3.6.5空压机的选择 (46)3.6.6污泥回流系统 (46)3.7二沉池 (47)3.7.1池体尺寸计算 (47)3.7.2中心管计算 (50)3.7.3出水堰的计算 (51)3.7.4集配水井计算 (51)3.7.5出水水质 (53)3.7.6选型 (53)3.8接触池 (53)3.8.1接触池尺寸计算 (53)3.8.2加氯间 (54)3.9计量槽 (55)4 污泥的处理与处置 (55)4.1污泥浓缩池 (55)4.2污泥消化池 (59)4.2.1 一级消化池池体部分计算 (59)4.2.2 一级消化池池体各部分表面积计算 (61)4.2.3二级消化池 (62)4.3贮气柜 (62)4.4污泥控制室 (63)4.4.1污泥投配泵的选择 (63)4.4.2污泥循环泵 (64)4.4.3污泥控制室布局 (65)4.5脱水机房 (65)4.5.1采用带式压滤机除水 (65)4.5.2选型 (66)4.6事故干化场 (66)4.7压缩机房 (67)5 污水处理厂总体布置 (67)5.1平面布置 (67)5.1.1平面布置的一般原则 (67)5.1.2 平面布置 (67)5.2污水处理厂高程布置 (68)5.2.1高程布置原则 (68)5.2.2污水污泥处理系统高程布置 (69)总结 (70)参考文献 (72)致 ................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
20000m3d城市污水处理厂综合设计(含11个CAD作图图纸)--优秀毕业设计{修}
本设计污水处理厂综合设计包括15个图纸,十分全面,具体详见报告后附图。
本报告附图全面详细。
图纸内容如下:A2O池,初沉池,幅流式二沉池,隔栅,工艺简单图,工艺流程图(高程图),回转耙式格栅除污机图,平面布置图,污泥浓缩池,厌氧消化池,钟式沉砂池等。
全为CAD制图。
下载后复制放大或打印可看清!题目20000m3/d城市污水处理厂综合设计专业: 环境工程年级: 2005级学号: 3105001286姓名: 莫笑伟指导教师:2008年12 月摘要我国水体污染主要来自两方面,一是工业发展超标排放工业废水,二是城市化中由于城市污水排放和集中处理设施严重缺乏,大量生活污水未经处理直接进入水体造成环境污染。
工业废水近年来经过治理虽有所减少,但城市生活污水有增无减,占水质污染的51%以上。
我国水体污染主要来自两方面,一是工业发展超标排放工业废水,二是城市化中由于城市污水排放和集中处理设施严重缺乏,大量生活污水未经处理直接进入水体造成环境污染。
工业废水近年来经过治理虽有所减少,但城市生活污水有增无减,占水质污染的51%以上。
本设计要求处理水量为20000m3/d的城市生活污水,设计方案针对已运行稳定有效的A2/O活性污泥法工艺处理城市生活污水。
A2O工艺由于不同环境条件,不同功能的微)能生物群落的有机配合,加之厌氧、缺氧条件下,部分不可生物降解的有机物(CODNB被开环或断链,使得N、P、有机碳被同时去除,并提高对COD的去除效果。
它可以同NB--时完成有机物的去除,硝化脱氮、磷的过量摄取而被去除等功能,脱氮的前提是NH3N应完全硝化,好氧池能完成这一功能,缺氧池则完成脱氮功能。
厌氧池和好氧池联合完成除磷功能。
关键词:城市生活污水,活性污泥,A2/O目录摘要 (III)目录 (IV)第一章设计概述 ······································································- 7 -1设计任务 ······································································- 7 - 2设计原则 ······································································- 7 - 3设计依据 ······································································- 8 - 第二章工艺流程及说明 ·····························································- 8 -1工艺方案分析 ································································- 8 - 2工艺流程 ······································································- 9 - 3流程各结构介绍 ·····························································- 9 -3.1格栅······························································································· - 9 -3.2沉砂池··························································································- 10 -3.3初沉池··························································································- 10 -3.4生物化反应池··············································································- 10 -3.5二沉池··························································································- 12 -3.6浓缩池··························································································- 12 - 第三章构筑物设计计算 ··························································· - 12 -1格栅 ·········································································· - 12 -1.1设计说明······················································································- 12 -1.2设计计算······················································································- 13 -2沉砂池 ······································································· - 16 -2.1设计说明······················································································- 16 - 3初沉池 ······································································· - 17 -3.1设计说明······················································································- 17 -3.2设计计算······················································································- 17 - 4生化池 ······································································· - 19 -4.1设计说明······················································································- 19 -4.2设计计算······················································································- 19 - 5二沉池 ······································································· - 26 -5.1设计说明······················································································- 26 -5.2设计计算······················································································- 26 - 6液氯消毒 ···································································· - 29 -6.1设计说明······················································································- 29 -6.2设计计算······················································································- 29 - 7污泥浓缩池 ································································· - 30 -7.1设计说明······················································································- 30 -7.2设计计算······················································································- 30 -8 污泥消化池 ································································· - 31 -8.1设计说明······················································································- 31 -8.2设计计算······················································································- 32 - 9浓缩污泥提升泵房 ························································ - 38 -9.1设计选型······················································································- 38 -9.2提升泵房······················································································- 38 -9.3污泥回流泵站··············································································- 38 -10污泥脱水间 ······························································· - 39 -10.1设计说明······················································································- 39 -11鼓风机房 ·································································· - 39 - 12恶臭处理系统 ···························································· - 39 -12.1设计说明······················································································- 39 -12.2设计计算······················································································- 39 -12.3风机选型······················································································- 40 - 第四章污水处理厂总体布置 ····················································· - 41 -1总平面布置 ································································· - 41 -1.1总平面布置原则··········································································- 41 -1.2总平面布置结果··········································································- 41 -2高程布置································································································- 42 -2.1高程布置原则··············································································- 42 - 第五章参考文献 ···································································· - 42 -第一章设计概述1设计任务本次课程设计的主要任务是完成某城市污水厂的A2/O工艺设计处理生活污水,处理水量为20000m3/d,按近期规划人口10万人计算(自定)。
某地污水处理厂建筑cad施工图(共6张)
污水处理厂毕业设计。带CAD图纸及相关资料。
辽宁省WF市排水工程规划及污水处理厂设计第一章设计任务与内容1.1 前言在我国城市和工业飞速发展的今天,污水排放量与日俱增。
据统计,我国城市污水年排放量达400多亿立方米,现已有一批城市兴建了污水处理厂,一大批工业企业建设了工业废水处理厂,更多的城市和工业企业在规划、筹划和设计污水处理厂。
但这些污水处理厂几乎全在近100个大城市中。
近几十年来,污水处理技术无论在理论研究方面还是在应用方面,都取得了一定的进步,新工艺、新技术大量涌现,氧化沟系统和高效低耗的污水处理技术,如各种类型的稳定塘,AB法工艺,间歇式(序列式)活性污泥法,脱氮、脱磷的A-O系统,湿地系统都取得了长足的进步和应用。
这些新工艺、新技术已成为水污染防治领域的热门研究课题。
在国家科委、建设部、国家环境保护局的组织和领导下,广泛、深入地开展了这些课题的科学研究工作,取得了一批令人瞩目的研究成果。
不应回避,我国水资源严重短缺,我国人均水资源为世界人均水资源的四分之一,在我国北方一些城市人民生活水平的提高和工农业生产的发展已受到水资源不足的制约。
城市污水和工业废水回用,以城市污水作为第二水源的趋势,不久将成为必然。
这就是我国污水事业面临的现实。
作为给水排水工程专业的学生,就更应该深刻地了解这种形势,掌握并发展污水处理的新工艺、新技术,成为跨世纪的工程技术人才,将我国的污水处理技术达到世界领先水平。
1.2 设计说明1.2.1 设计题目辽宁省WF市排水工程规划及污水处理厂设计1.2.2 设计任务与内容(1) 排水管网规划设计,含两个以上的方案比较;(2) 污水泵站工艺设计,含部分工艺施工图设计;(3) 污水处理工艺设计,含部分单体构筑物的工艺施工图设计;(4) 污泥水处理工艺设计,含部分单体构筑物的工艺施工图设计;(5) 排水管网与污水处理厂的工程概算;(6) 有条件的同学还可以在教师指导下自选一个专题进行深入研究或设计。
1.2.3 基本要求1.2.3.1 排水工程毕业设计的要求(1) 完成排水管网和雨水管道的定线,至少应对两个排水管网定线方案(也可以是局部变化的方案)进行技术经济比较,从中选优。
某某污水处理厂氧化沟工艺毕业设计(含图纸12套)
项目
CODcr
BOD5
SS
氨氮
进水水质/(mg/L)
450
200
370
15
出水水质/(mg/L)
汇水区
流量(万m3/d)
BOD5(mg/L)
CODcr(mg/L)
SS (mg/L)
氨氮(mg/L)
铁东区
3.70
187.7
364.2
167.0
11.5
铁西区
3.50
188.3
554.2
476.0
16.7
混合污水
7.20
188.0
458.0
320.0
14.1
1.4污水处理厂建设规模与治理目标
1.4.1污水处理厂建设规模
土壤及植被
市区是一个以平原、缓岗为主体的地区,山前洪积与河流冲积、洪积而形成的土壤,其土层深、质地好,分布主要有棕土、褐土、紫色土、红粘土及潮土、砂礓黑土等。该区域内属农业开发历史悠久的地区,天然植被残存较少,现已为大片人工植被所取代。
1.2.2气象水文
气象气候
该市属暖温带季风气候,光照充足、热量丰富、降水适中、无霜期长、气候比较单一,差异性小。其特点为四季分明,春季干旱多风沙,夏季炎热雨集中,秋高气爽,日照长,冬季寒冷少雨雪。历年平均气温为14.7℃,夏季最热月在7月,平均气温为32.6℃,冬季最冷月在1月,平均气温为-2.5℃。最大冻土深度为18cm。秋冬两季多北和偏东风,春季多南和偏南风,夏季多南和南偏东风。月平均风速为2~4m/s。多年平均日照时数为1967h,多年平均降水量为727.7mm。
根据污水排放现状,污水日排放量为14.2万m3/d,因考虑到城市发展及其经济问题,最终规模确定为15.0万m3/d,一次性建设完成。
某污水处理厂工艺流程设计CAD图
污水处理厂毕业设计(包含CAD大图),DOC
目录引言 ......................................................................... 错误!未定义书签。
1设计任务及概况. (6)1.1设计任务及依据 (6)1.1.1设计任务 (6)1.1.2设计依据及原则 (6)1.222.12.22.32.3.3沉砂池 (13)2.3.4初沉池、二沉池 (14)2.3.5曝气池 (14)2.3.6接触池 (15)2.3.7计量槽 (16)2.3.8浓缩池 (16)污泥脱水 (17)3污水处理系统工艺设计 (17)3.1格栅的计算 (17)3.1.1粗格栅 (17)3.1.2格栅的计算 (18)3.1.3选型 (21)3.23.33.43.53.5.4集配水井计算 (35)3.5.5出水水质 (35)3.5.6选型 (36)3.6曝气池 (36)3.6.1池体计算 (36)3.6.2曝气系统设计与计算 (39)3.6.4空气管道系统计算 (43)3.6.5空压机的选择 (46)3.6.6污泥回流系统 (46)3.7二沉池 (47)3.7.1池体尺寸计算 (47)3.7.2中心管计算 (50)3.7.3出水堰的计算 (51)3.83.944.14.2污泥消化池 (59)4.2.1一级消化池池体部分计算4.34.44.4.2污泥循环泵 (64)4.4.3污泥控制室布局 (65)4.5脱水机房 (65)4.5.1采用带式压滤机除水 (65)4.5.2选型 (66)4.6事故干化场 (66)5污水处理厂总体布置 (67)5.1平面布置 (67)5.1.1平面布置的一般原则 (67)5.1.2平面布置 (67)5.2污水处理厂高程布置 (68)5.2.1高程布置原则 (68)总结致谢附录11.11.1.130万吨城市污水处理厂初步设计1.1.2设计依据及原则设计依据《给水排水工程快速设计手册》手册》《三废设计手册废水卷》(1)执行国家关于环境保护的政策,符合国家地方的有关法规、规范和标准;(2)采用先进可靠的处理工艺,确保经过处理后的污水能达到排放标准;(3)采用成熟、高效、优质的设备,并设计较好的自控水平,以方便运行管理;(4)全面规划、合理布局、整体协调,使污水处理工程与周围环境协调一致;(5)妥善处理污水净化过程中产生的污泥固体物,以免造成二次污染;(6)综合考虑环境、经济和社会效益,在保证出水达标的前提下,尽量减少工程投资和运行费用。
污水处理厂毕业设计。带CAD图纸 及相关资料。
辽宁省WF市排水工程规划及污水处理厂设计第一章设计任务与内容1.1 前言在我国城市和工业飞速发展的今天,污水排放量与日俱增。
据统计,我国城市污水年排放量达400多亿立方米,现已有一批城市兴建了污水处理厂,一大批工业企业建设了工业废水处理厂,更多的城市和工业企业在规划、筹划和设计污水处理厂。
但这些污水处理厂几乎全在近100个大城市中。
近几十年来,污水处理技术无论在理论研究方面还是在应用方面,都取得了一定的进步,新工艺、新技术大量涌现,氧化沟系统和高效低耗的污水处理技术,如各种类型的稳定塘,AB法工艺,间歇式(序列式)活性污泥法,脱氮、脱磷的A-O系统,湿地系统都取得了长足的进步和应用。
这些新工艺、新技术已成为水污染防治领域的热门研究课题。
在国家科委、建设部、国家环境保护局的组织和领导下,广泛、深入地开展了这些课题的科学研究工作,取得了一批令人瞩目的研究成果。
不应回避,我国水资源严重短缺,我国人均水资源为世界人均水资源的四分之一,在我国北方一些城市人民生活水平的提高和工农业生产的发展已受到水资源不足的制约。
城市污水和工业废水回用,以城市污水作为第二水源的趋势,不久将成为必然。
这就是我国污水事业面临的现实。
作为给水排水工程专业的学生,就更应该深刻地了解这种形势,掌握并发展污水处理的新工艺、新技术,成为跨世纪的工程技术人才,将我国的污水处理技术达到世界领先水平。
1.2 设计说明1.2.1 设计题目辽宁省WF市排水工程规划及污水处理厂设计1.2.2 设计任务与内容(1) 排水管网规划设计,含两个以上的方案比较;(2) 污水泵站工艺设计,含部分工艺施工图设计;(3) 污水处理工艺设计,含部分单体构筑物的工艺施工图设计;(4) 污泥水处理工艺设计,含部分单体构筑物的工艺施工图设计;(5) 排水管网与污水处理厂的工程概算;(6) 有条件的同学还可以在教师指导下自选一个专题进行深入研究或设计。
1.2.3 基本要求1.2.3.1 排水工程毕业设计的要求(1) 完成排水管网和雨水管道的定线,至少应对两个排水管网定线方案(也可以是局部变化的方案)进行技术经济比较,从中选优。
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辽宁省WF市排水工程规划及污水处理厂设计第一章设计任务与内容1.1 前言在我国城市和工业飞速发展的今天,污水排放量与日俱增。
据统计,我国城市污水年排放量达400多亿立方米,现已有一批城市兴建了污水处理厂,一大批工业企业建设了工业废水处理厂,更多的城市和工业企业在规划、筹划和设计污水处理厂。
但这些污水处理厂几乎全在近100个大城市中。
近几十年来,污水处理技术无论在理论研究方面还是在应用方面,都取得了一定的进步,新工艺、新技术大量涌现,氧化沟系统和高效低耗的污水处理技术,如各种类型的稳定塘,AB法工艺,间歇式(序列式)活性污泥法,脱氮、脱磷的A-O系统,湿地系统都取得了长足的进步和应用。
这些新工艺、新技术已成为水污染防治领域的热门研究课题。
在国家科委、建设部、国家环境保护局的组织和领导下,广泛、深入地开展了这些课题的科学研究工作,取得了一批令人瞩目的研究成果。
不应回避,我国水资源严重短缺,我国人均水资源为世界人均水资源的四分之一,在我国北方一些城市人民生活水平的提高和工农业生产的发展已受到水资源不足的制约。
城市污水和工业废水回用,以城市污水作为第二水源的趋势,不久将成为必然。
这就是我国污水事业面临的现实。
作为给水排水工程专业的学生,就更应该深刻地了解这种形势,掌握并发展污水处理的新工艺、新技术,成为跨世纪的工程技术人才,将我国的污水处理技术达到世界领先水平。
1.2 设计说明1.2.1 设计题目辽宁省WF市排水工程规划及污水处理厂设计1.2.2 设计任务与内容(1) 排水管网规划设计,含两个以上的方案比较;(2) 污水泵站工艺设计,含部分工艺施工图设计;(3) 污水处理工艺设计,含部分单体构筑物的工艺施工图设计;(4) 污泥水处理工艺设计,含部分单体构筑物的工艺施工图设计;(5) 排水管网与污水处理厂的工程概算;(6) 有条件的同学还可以在教师指导下自选一个专题进行深入研究或设计。
1.2.3 基本要求排水工程毕业设计的要求(1) 完成排水管网和雨水管道的定线,至少应对两个排水管网定线方案(也可以是局部变化的方案)进行技术经济比较,从中选优。
(2) 排水管网的主干管、区域干管、支干管及倒虹吸管应进行详细的水力计算与高程计算。
水力计算应采用计算机编程计算。
不计算管道不必编号,最不利点应校核。
有跌水井的应计算一个。
(3) 按给出的原始资料合理的选定设计暴雨强度公式进行雨水管道的水力计算。
从街道明渠开始只计算其中一、二条雨水管道即可。
雨水管道也可只布置第一修建期的管线。
(4) 污泵站工艺要求要确定水泵机组的台数、水泵型号、泵站的结构形式以及集水池的容积,并应进行泵站水泵机组管道水力计算和电器设备等布置的设计,泵站的建筑与结构设计可参照标准图大致来确定。
(5) 根据原始资料与城市规划情况、并考虑环境效益与社会效益,合理地选择污水处理厂的位置。
(6) 根据水体自净能力以及要求的处理水质并结合当地的具体条件,如水资源情况、水体污染情况等来确定污水处理程度与处理工艺流程。
无特殊要求时,污水级处理后其水质应达到国家污水综合排放一级标准,即SS≤20mg/l,COD≤60mg/l,BOD5≤20mg/l。
(7) 根据原始资料、当地具体情况以及污水性质与成分,选择适合的污泥处理工艺方法,进行各单位构筑物的设计计算。
(8) 污水处理厂平面布置要紧凑合理,节省占地面积,同时应保证运行管理方便。
(9) 在确定污水处理工艺流程时,同时选择适宜的各处理单体构筑物的类型。
对所有构筑物都进行设计计算,包括确定各有关设计参数、负荷、尺寸与所需的材料与规格等。
(10) 对需要绘制工艺施工图的构筑物还要进行更详细的施工图所必须的设计与计算,包括各部位构件的形式、构成与具体尺寸等。
(11) 对污水与污泥处理系统要作出较准确的水力计算与高程计算。
(12) 对排水管网与污水处理厂都要进行经济概算与成本分析。
图纸的具体要求排水工程毕业设计应完成1#图纸11张。
具体如下:(1) 排水工程规划图,1#图或0#图1张。
(2) 污水主干管、雨水管纵断面图,1#1-2张。
(3) 污水处理厂总平面图,1#图1张。
(4) 污水处理厂工艺平面图,1#图1张。
(5) 主要处理构筑物(如初沉池、曝气池、二沉池、消化池等)工艺图,1#图3-4张。
每位同学具体绘制的构筑物图,由指导老师确定。
(6) 污水提升泵站工艺图,1#图1张。
(7) 污水处理工艺与污泥处理工艺高程布置图,1#图1张。
(8) 节点大样图(根据单体构筑物图,由指导教师指定),2#图1张。
设计计算书的具体要求设计计算说明书不仅要有完整的设计计算过程,还应包括与设计题目有关的资料总,可供选择的方案比较,选择方案的依据,以及对所选方案的论述。
毕业设计计算说明书要结构严谨、层次分明、语言流畅、书写工整(可打印)、简图合理、计算正确,符合学科、专业的有关要求。
1.3 设计原始资料1.3.1 地形与城市规划资料(1)城市地形与总体规划图一张,比例为1:10000(2)城市各区人口密度与居住区生活污水量标准(平均日)表1-1 城市各区人口密度和污水量标准(3)城市综合径流系数城市综合径流系数为0.62(4)工业企业与公共建筑的排水量和水质资料表1-2 城市工业企业与公共建筑的排水量和水质资料注:工业企业废水的特殊水质可以另行说明;如国有企业与公共建筑的废水已经处理,按处理后的水质填写。
1.3.2 气温资料、常年主导风向、设计暴雨强度公式及其参数(1) 气温资料表1-3 城市气温资料(2)常年主导风向常年主导风向为西南风。
(3)设计暴雨强度公式及其参数:q=1984(1+0.77lgP)/(t+9)0.771.3.3 地质资料表1-4 城市地质资料1.3.4 受纳水体水文与水质资料受纳水体为河流,污水处理厂排放口处资料见表1-5。
表1-5 城市污水受纳水体水文水质资料在污水总排放口下游30公里处有取水口,要求BOD5≤4.0mg/L1.3.5 图纸、程序、上机、实验、外文翻译等具体要求:(1)图纸要求:应完成1#图纸至少11张。
其中手工绘制2张。
(2)程序要求:应能独立使用程序进行污水管路及雨水管路水力计算。
(3)上机要求:上机40机时以上,能够熟练掌握建筑CAD绘图(4)外文翻译要求:能够较好的翻译本专业外文资料,外文翻译3000~5000字。
第二章设计说明2.1 排水工程规划排水系统的体制一般分为合流制、分流制和混流制。
排水系统体制的选择应满足环境保护的需要,根据当地条件,通过技术经济比较确定,而环境保护应是选择排水体制时所考虑的主要问题,合理地选择排水系统的体制,不仅从根本上影响排水系统的设计、施工、维护管理,而且对城市和工业企业的规划和环境保护影响深远,同时也影响排水系统工程的总投资和初期投资费用以及运行维护管理费用。
本设计采用分流制。
从环境保护方面来看,采用分流制的城市,初雨径流未加处理就直接排入水体,会对城市水体造成污染。
尽管如此,分流制较灵活,以适应社会发展的需求,一般又能符合城市卫生的要求,所以在国内外获得了较广泛的应用。
从造价方面看,合流制排水管道的造价比完全分流制一般要低20%~40%。
可是合流制的泵站和污水厂却比分流制的造价要高。
从维护管理方面来看,分流制系统可以保持管内的流速,不致发生沉淀。
同时,流入污水厂的水量和水质比合流制变化小得多,污水厂的运行易于控制。
2.2 污水管道规划布置城市排水系统在平面上的布置,随着地形、竖向规划、污水厂的位置、土壤条件、河流情况、以及污水的种类和污染程度等因素而定。
该城市的地势向水体有适当倾斜,故采用截流式布置即各排水流域的干管以最短距离沿与水体垂直的方向布置,再沿与水体平行的方向敷设主干管,将各干管的污水截流送至污水厂进行处理。
该种布置对减轻水体污染、改善的保护环境有重大作用。
该城区地形坡度较小,自西北向东南倾斜,干管基本上与等高线垂直,主干管布置在城区南面,基本上与等高线平行,可初步确定建一个污水处理厂,厂址位于河流下游的北面。
根据管道定线原则及城区实际情况,设计初步考虑两套方案。
管道的布置方案应在同等条件和深度下进行技术经济比较,选择一最佳方案。
两个方案的污水管道系统都采用截流式布置。
方案一:由于城市地形西北高,东南低,所以污水厂及出水口设在城市东南,使所有污水尽量靠重力排出。
主干管平行于河流布置,干管垂直于河流布置。
见排水管网平面图2-1,电算结果见附录一(方案一)。
图2-1 方案一方案二:污水厂及出水口位置不变,主干管平行于河流布置,部分干管平行于河流布置。
见排水管网平面图2-2,电算结果见附录二(方案二)。
图2-2 方案二根据电算结果,方案一不仅比方案二的造价低,而且在布置上也合理。
所以本设计采用方案一。
2.3 雨水管道规划布置充分利用地形,就近排入水体。
根据城市规划布置雨水管道。
通常,应根据建筑物的分布,道路布置及街坊内部的地形,出水口位置等布置雨水管道,使雨水以最短距离排入街道低侧的雨水管道。
雨水口的布置应使雨水不致浸过路口。
雨水管道采用明渠或暗渠应结合具体条件确定。
详见排水管网平面图2-3,电算结果见附录三。
图2-3 方案三第三章污水处理厂设计说明3.1 厂址选择WF市两个区的污水最后汇总到污水干管送入污水处理厂进行处理。
厂内的排放管将处理过的污水统一排放。
厂址必须位于集中给水水源下游,并应设在城镇﹑工厂厂区及生活区的下游和夏季主风向的下风向。
为保证卫生要求,厂址应与城镇﹑工厂厂区生活区及农村居民点保持约300m以上的距离,但也不宜太远。
根据以上原则,将WF市污水处理厂建在该城的东南角,离城区300米、离河道200米左右。
水厂位于流经该城的河流下游。
土质为粘土。
水厂地质条件较好,地下水位也较低,有利于施工。
河流最高水位44米,水厂不会受冲淹。
该城常年主导风向西南风。
水厂设在城市主导风向的下方,不会影响城区的环境卫生。
厂内的生活区位于主导风向的上方。
3.2 工艺流程3.2.1 污水处理工艺流程污水处理采用典型的二级处理工艺,具体的流程为:污水进入水厂,经过格栅至集水间,由水泵提升到平流沉砂池,经初沉池沉淀后,污水进入曝气池中曝气,可从一点进水,采用传统活性污泥法,也可采用多点进水的阶段曝气法。
在二次沉淀池中,活性污泥沉淀后,回流至污泥泵房。
二沉池出水经加氯处理后,排入水体。
本设计采用的工艺流程如图3-1所示。
3.2.2 污泥处理工艺流程污泥是污水处理的副产品,也是必然的产物,如从沉淀池排出的沉淀污泥,从生物处理排出的剩余活性污泥等。
这些污泥如果不加以妥善处理,就会造成二次污染。
污泥处理的方法是厌氧消化,在厌氧消化过程中产生大量的消化气(即沼气)是宝贵的能源,消化后的污泥含水率仍然很高,不宜长途输送和使用,因此,还需要进行脱水和干化等处理。