日本的崛起
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Human Rights & Religious Freedom Emperor Worship Intensified
Modernize the Army (Prussian)
Written Constitution (Germans)
Build a Modern Navy (British)
Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895
Early History
• Small clans
• Early Rulers: Yamato never very strong but never overthrown • During middle ages, landowners became very powerful and Japan settled into its own feudal type system
» code of Chivalry
Harakiri (seppuku)
• A vulgar term meaning ‘to slice the abdomen’, which refers to a ritualized form of suicide carried out by Japanese samurai beginning in the Tokugawa period. More properly called seppuku, it involved making two small cross-wise slices across the gut while in a kneeling position, after which a second would behead the samurai with a sword. In practice, the first step was rarely carried out.
The emperor, now a figurehead in
Kyoto, was a God.
Were furious at the Shogun for signing treaties
with the West without the Emperor’s consent.
Their slogan Revere the Emperor, Expel
The Battle of Tsushima: The results startled the world!
President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the Peace
The Treaty of Portsmouth, NH ended the Russo-Japanese War.
The Emperor Is ―Restored‖ to Power
MEIJI “Enlightened Rule”
Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s?
Enlightened
Half-Enlightened
Un-Enlightened
Modernization by ―Selective Borrowing‖
The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during the Sino-Japanese War
Today—Tensions Between China & Japan
Offshore gas field in
the East China Sea reveals recently strained relations between China & Japan.
China’s ―Unequal Treaties‖
After the Opium War of 1839-1842, Japan was convinced that it had to Open Up to the West.
The Shi-shi (―Men of High Purpose‖)
Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Mrs. Lisbeth Rath Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Geography:
• Archipelago- chain of Island 4,000, 4 main islands • Mountains
– Steppe Farming due to limited land 12% arable
Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai…
The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.
– Rice Tax
• Nobles (Daimyos) rise in power
Tokugawa Shogun
Military leader of Japan during the Middle Ages -Used to be a temporary title but now became a permanent title
Tension over disputed
gas field on the rise, exacerbating mutual mistrust dating back to the Sino-Japanese War.
EEZ-Exclusive Economic Zone.
The Russo-Japanese War: 1904-1905
Popular board game. Start by leaving
Japan & studying in various Western capitals. Japan and becoming a prominent government official.
End by returning to
Emperor power declines (figure head)
Tokugawa= Isolate!
• Shogun makes decision to keep Japan isolated from invaders!
Bushido
• Bushido • Japanese Samurai code of warrior • **Similar to European Knights
• Lack of Navigable Rivers • -Located on Rim of Fire (Volcano activity common)
How does geography influence Japan?
• lack of resources ** • Disasters -> typhoons, volcanoes • dense population • Isolation from foreign world ***
European Goods
Europe began to
“loom large” in the thinking of many Japanese.
New slogan:
Japanese Spirit; Western Technology!
The Japanese Became Obsessed with Western Styles
• Japan is similar to what culture? • Why?
•cultural diffusion from China
examples: Character writing (Kana), Confucianism, Zen Buddhism cooking, gardening,
– Mongols tried to invade but never could---> “Magical Whroughout Japanese history, Japan had stayed isolated from foreigners
Japan vs. China
Japan Annexes Korea
Japan Is a Player in China
Competition from Another ―Pacific‖ Power Is on the Horizon
The U. S. ―Great White Fleet‖
Japan
But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .
Civilization and Enlightenment!
Abolition of the feudal system
Land Redistribution
Westernize the School System (Fr. & Ger.)
Modern Banking System
Meiji Reforms
Coaling stations.
More trading partners. A haven for ship-wrecked sailors.
The Treaty of Kanagawa - 1854
Japan Learns a Lesson!
In 1862, just before the start of the
the Barbarians!
The Meiji Revolt - 1868
A powerful group
of samurai overthrow the Shogun.
Helped Japan
emerge from feudalism into a unified modern state.
Highly idealistic samurai who felt that the
arrival of Westerners was an attack on the traditional values of Japan.
Japan was sacred ground.
They believed that:
Japan Changes Direction During the Meiji Era: 1868 - 1912
Commodore Matthew Perry
1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry ―Opens Up‖ Japan to Western Trade!
What Did the U. S. Want??
Modernize the Army (Prussian)
Written Constitution (Germans)
Build a Modern Navy (British)
Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895
Early History
• Small clans
• Early Rulers: Yamato never very strong but never overthrown • During middle ages, landowners became very powerful and Japan settled into its own feudal type system
» code of Chivalry
Harakiri (seppuku)
• A vulgar term meaning ‘to slice the abdomen’, which refers to a ritualized form of suicide carried out by Japanese samurai beginning in the Tokugawa period. More properly called seppuku, it involved making two small cross-wise slices across the gut while in a kneeling position, after which a second would behead the samurai with a sword. In practice, the first step was rarely carried out.
The emperor, now a figurehead in
Kyoto, was a God.
Were furious at the Shogun for signing treaties
with the West without the Emperor’s consent.
Their slogan Revere the Emperor, Expel
The Battle of Tsushima: The results startled the world!
President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the Peace
The Treaty of Portsmouth, NH ended the Russo-Japanese War.
The Emperor Is ―Restored‖ to Power
MEIJI “Enlightened Rule”
Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s?
Enlightened
Half-Enlightened
Un-Enlightened
Modernization by ―Selective Borrowing‖
The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during the Sino-Japanese War
Today—Tensions Between China & Japan
Offshore gas field in
the East China Sea reveals recently strained relations between China & Japan.
China’s ―Unequal Treaties‖
After the Opium War of 1839-1842, Japan was convinced that it had to Open Up to the West.
The Shi-shi (―Men of High Purpose‖)
Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Mrs. Lisbeth Rath Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Geography:
• Archipelago- chain of Island 4,000, 4 main islands • Mountains
– Steppe Farming due to limited land 12% arable
Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai…
The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.
– Rice Tax
• Nobles (Daimyos) rise in power
Tokugawa Shogun
Military leader of Japan during the Middle Ages -Used to be a temporary title but now became a permanent title
Tension over disputed
gas field on the rise, exacerbating mutual mistrust dating back to the Sino-Japanese War.
EEZ-Exclusive Economic Zone.
The Russo-Japanese War: 1904-1905
Popular board game. Start by leaving
Japan & studying in various Western capitals. Japan and becoming a prominent government official.
End by returning to
Emperor power declines (figure head)
Tokugawa= Isolate!
• Shogun makes decision to keep Japan isolated from invaders!
Bushido
• Bushido • Japanese Samurai code of warrior • **Similar to European Knights
• Lack of Navigable Rivers • -Located on Rim of Fire (Volcano activity common)
How does geography influence Japan?
• lack of resources ** • Disasters -> typhoons, volcanoes • dense population • Isolation from foreign world ***
European Goods
Europe began to
“loom large” in the thinking of many Japanese.
New slogan:
Japanese Spirit; Western Technology!
The Japanese Became Obsessed with Western Styles
• Japan is similar to what culture? • Why?
•cultural diffusion from China
examples: Character writing (Kana), Confucianism, Zen Buddhism cooking, gardening,
– Mongols tried to invade but never could---> “Magical Whroughout Japanese history, Japan had stayed isolated from foreigners
Japan vs. China
Japan Annexes Korea
Japan Is a Player in China
Competition from Another ―Pacific‖ Power Is on the Horizon
The U. S. ―Great White Fleet‖
Japan
But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .
Civilization and Enlightenment!
Abolition of the feudal system
Land Redistribution
Westernize the School System (Fr. & Ger.)
Modern Banking System
Meiji Reforms
Coaling stations.
More trading partners. A haven for ship-wrecked sailors.
The Treaty of Kanagawa - 1854
Japan Learns a Lesson!
In 1862, just before the start of the
the Barbarians!
The Meiji Revolt - 1868
A powerful group
of samurai overthrow the Shogun.
Helped Japan
emerge from feudalism into a unified modern state.
Highly idealistic samurai who felt that the
arrival of Westerners was an attack on the traditional values of Japan.
Japan was sacred ground.
They believed that:
Japan Changes Direction During the Meiji Era: 1868 - 1912
Commodore Matthew Perry
1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry ―Opens Up‖ Japan to Western Trade!
What Did the U. S. Want??