安徽大学研究生英语课程ppt
合集下载
《研究生专业英语》课件
Technical language
Evolutionary nature
Mnemonics: Mnemonics can be used to remember professional English vocabulary Mnemonics are memory aids that help you recall information by associating it with some family or creating a mental image For example, you might use the acronym "ROSHIN" to remember the elements of a research proposal: Research Objective, Scope and Limitations, Hypothesis/Question, Instruments, and Nature of the Research
Requirements
2. Understanding of professional terminals and concepts
1. Comprehension of complex senses and long paragraphs
3. Ability to analyze and evaluate the reliability and validity of information
Professional English Listening and SpeakingProfessional English learning resources
Introduction to Professional English
Evolutionary nature
Mnemonics: Mnemonics can be used to remember professional English vocabulary Mnemonics are memory aids that help you recall information by associating it with some family or creating a mental image For example, you might use the acronym "ROSHIN" to remember the elements of a research proposal: Research Objective, Scope and Limitations, Hypothesis/Question, Instruments, and Nature of the Research
Requirements
2. Understanding of professional terminals and concepts
1. Comprehension of complex senses and long paragraphs
3. Ability to analyze and evaluate the reliability and validity of information
Professional English Listening and SpeakingProfessional English learning resources
Introduction to Professional English
研究生英语综合教程(下)Unit1课件PPT
04 Cultural knowledge expansion cultural background
单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的 提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果 ，请尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；单击 此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼 ，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请 尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；单击此处 添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼，为 了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请尽量 言简意赅的阐述观点；单击此处添加 正文 10*16
Graduate English Comprehensive Course
(Part 2) Uni
目录
CONTENTS
• Course Introduction • Text Analysis • Language skill improvement • Cultural knowledge expansion • Classroom interaction and discussion • After class homework and requirements
Academic writing style
Adopting an academic writing style that is clear, concise, and formal, with proper use of citations and references.
Oral skills
Public speaking skills
Developing the ability to speak confidently and effectively in public, including the ability to deliver clear and coherent presentations.
研究生英语课件
研究生英语课件一、课程简介研究生英语课程是面向研究生阶段的英语课程，旨在提高学生的英语应用能力和学术研究能力。
本课程将重点培养学生的英语阅读、写作、听力和口语能力，同时还将涉及学术论文写作和国际学术交流等方面的内容。
二、教学目标1. 提高研究生的英语阅读理解能力，掌握阅读技巧和方法，能够快速准确地理解学术文章。
2. 培养研究生的英语写作能力，掌握学术论文写作的基本要素和规范，能够撰写规范的学术论文和研究报告。
3. 增强研究生的英语听力能力，提高听力理解和反应速度，能够听懂学术讲座和报告。
4. 提升研究生的英语口语表达能力，培养跨文化交流意识和能力，能够进行国际学术交流和合作。
三、教学内容1. 学术阅读与理解：介绍学术文章的写作特点和结构，教授阅读技巧和方法，通过阅读实践提高学生的理解能力。
2. 学术论文写作：讲解学术论文的基本要素和规范，包括论文选题、文献综述、研究方法、结果与讨论等部分，通过写作练习提高学生的论文撰写能力。
3. 学术听力与口语：通过听学术讲座和报告，提高学生的听力理解能力；通过模拟国际学术交流活动，提高学生的口语表达能力。
4. 跨文化交流与合作：介绍不同文化背景下的交流规则和礼仪，培养学生的跨文化交流意识和能力，同时还将涉及国际学术合作方面的内容。
四、教学方法1. 课堂讲解：教师将系统地讲解学术阅读、写作、听力和口语等方面的知识和技巧，帮助学生建立正确的语言基础和思维方式。
2. 案例分析：通过分析真实的学术文章和论文，让学生了解学术研究和论文写作的实际操作和规范。
3. 小组讨论：组织学生进行小组讨论和合作，共同探讨学术问题和方法，培养学生的合作意识和沟通能力。
4. 个性化指导：教师将根据学生的实际情况和学习需求，提供个性化的指导和建议，帮助学生更好地提高英语应用能力和学术研究能力。
五、评估与反馈1. 课堂表现：教师将对学生的课堂表现进行评估和记录，包括回答问题、参与讨论、完成作业等方面。
《研究生专业英语》PPT课件
完整版课件ppt
16
COVER LETTER (投稿信)实用指南
完整版课件ppt
17
什么是cover letter？ cover letter的内容主要包括那些？ 如何写cover letter？ 常用模板 例文
完整版课件ppt
18
1、 什么是cover letter？
2、cover letter的内容主要包括那些？
In summary, …
完整版课件ppt
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8、突出论文的重点
This paper focuses on … The primary concern of this paper is … Particular attention is on the revolution of … This paper concentrates on the effects of … The emphasis is on … … is the main topic of this paper.
Looking forward to your decision, With kind personal regards, Sincerely yours,
***** Professor of ***
完整版课件ppt
22
（4）
Dear Prof. Gil: This is a manuscript by**and **entitled “.......”. It is submitted to be considered for publication as a “...” in your journal. This paper is new. Neither the entire paper nor any part of its content has been published or has been accepted elsewhere. It is not being submitted to any other journal. We believe the paper may be of particular interest to the readers of your journal as it ........ Correspondence should be addressed to **at the following address, phone and fax number, and email address: ... Thanks very much for your attention to our paper. Sincerely yours, **
安徽大学研究生英语教书用书第一册
安徽大学研究生英语教书用书第一册第一章：介绍1.1 研究生英语教学的重要性研究生英语教学对于提升研究生的学术能力和国际交流能力至关重要。
随着中国与世界各国的交流与合作的日益加深，研究生需要具备良好的英语读、写、听、说能力，以便与国际同行开展学术研究和合作项目。
因此，研究生英语教学已经成为各大高校普遍关注的重点领域。
1.2 《安徽大学研究生英语教书用书第一册》概述《安徽大学研究生英语教书用书第一册》是安徽大学研究生英语教学的教材之一。
该教材涵盖了词汇、语法、听力、口语和写作等方面的内容，旨在培养研究生的英语综合能力。
第二章：词汇学习2.1 词汇学习的重要性词汇是语言的基础，是进行听、说、读、写等各种语言活动的基本要素。
研究生需要大量的英语词汇才能更好地阅读和理解学术文献，进行科研工作。
2.2 词汇学习的方法•词根词缀法：通过掌握一些常见的词根和词缀，可以帮助研究生理解和记忆单词的意思。
•词义联想法：通过将生词与已掌握的词汇进行联想，可以帮助研究生记忆生词的意思。
•词汇扩展法：通过学习词汇的各种派生形式，如名词、动词、形容词等，可以帮助研究生扩大词汇量。
•使用词汇学习工具：如Flashcards、词频词典等，可以帮助研究生进行词汇的复习和记忆。
第三章：语法学习3.1 语法学习的重要性语法是语言的骨架，是研究生英语学习中不可或缺的部分。
掌握英语的基本语法规则可以使研究生更好地理解英语句子的结构和意义，提高写作和口语表达的准确性。
3.2 常见的语法知识点•时态与语态：如一般现在时、过去进行时、被动语态等。
•句子结构：如主谓结构、主谓宾结构、并列结构等。
•语法修饰词：如形容词、副词、介词等。
第四章：听力4.1 听力的重要性听力是研究生进行学术研究和与国际同行交流的重要技能之一。
良好的听力能力可以帮助研究生更好地理解学术报告、学术讲座和研究论文等内容。
4.2 提高听力能力的方法•多听英语材料：如听力练习录音、英语新闻等，可以提高研究生的听力理解能力。
《研究生英语》PPT课件
Reference
The first sentence means that woman has to adjust herself to man’s standard of employee value. This is what is actually happening now. However, the second sentence indicates that a feminist may adopt th e standard of woman’s employee value and man has to adjust himsel f to it.
Unit 9: Exercises
• Exercises
➢ Reading Comprehension ➢ Structure of the Text ➢ Vocabulary ➢ Cloze ➢ Translation
பைடு நூலகம் Unit 9: Reading comprehension
1. What is the function of Title VII? (Para. 1)
Unit 9: Reading comprehension
3. What is the relationship between wage inequality and the glass ceiling?
Reference These are two different types of gender discrimination against wome n and should not be confused with each other. However, the glass cei ling has negative effect on the wage increase. Thus these two types are related to one another to some extent.
The first sentence means that woman has to adjust herself to man’s standard of employee value. This is what is actually happening now. However, the second sentence indicates that a feminist may adopt th e standard of woman’s employee value and man has to adjust himsel f to it.
Unit 9: Exercises
• Exercises
➢ Reading Comprehension ➢ Structure of the Text ➢ Vocabulary ➢ Cloze ➢ Translation
பைடு நூலகம் Unit 9: Reading comprehension
1. What is the function of Title VII? (Para. 1)
Unit 9: Reading comprehension
3. What is the relationship between wage inequality and the glass ceiling?
Reference These are two different types of gender discrimination against wome n and should not be confused with each other. However, the glass cei ling has negative effect on the wage increase. Thus these two types are related to one another to some extent.
研究生英语综合教程上Uni(4)幻灯片
➢ Do you agree? Why or why not? ➢ Apart from American fast food and
hotel buffets, what do you know about western eating habits?
Starting out
Food Pyramid
➢What’s your favorite dish? Why? How is it prepared?
Starting out—Task 2
Task 2
With the ever-widening opening up to the outside world, Western practices exert some influence, yet they have not really changed the eating habits of the Chinese people. (P35)
Starting out—Task 3
Task 3
Some people worry that the popularity of the Western style fast food among Chinese people, young people in particular, will give rise to a decline in the popularity of traditional Chinese food, such as, the steamed bun. (P35)
Hale Waihona Puke Starting out—Task 3
Task 3
Discuss with your partner the following questions. Globalization is everywhere. In the food industry,
hotel buffets, what do you know about western eating habits?
Starting out
Food Pyramid
➢What’s your favorite dish? Why? How is it prepared?
Starting out—Task 2
Task 2
With the ever-widening opening up to the outside world, Western practices exert some influence, yet they have not really changed the eating habits of the Chinese people. (P35)
Starting out—Task 3
Task 3
Some people worry that the popularity of the Western style fast food among Chinese people, young people in particular, will give rise to a decline in the popularity of traditional Chinese food, such as, the steamed bun. (P35)
Hale Waihona Puke Starting out—Task 3
Task 3
Discuss with your partner the following questions. Globalization is everywhere. In the food industry,
高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit5.ppt
4
Benefits of practicing
yoga (Paras. 6-9)
5
Philosophy behind yoga
(Paras. 10-11)
6
Resistance to yoga
(Para. 12)
Reading Focus – Global Understanding
Introduction
_a__p_e_r_s_o_n_’_s_m__o_o__d_a_n__d_s__e_lf_-_e_s_te__e_m_____; C. Mind can be used to __s_h_a_p_e__a_n_d__h_e__a_l _th__e_b__o_d_y____.
Reading Focus – Global Understanding
Yoga slowly began gaining followers, and flourished during the 1960s when there was a surge of interest in Eastern philosophy. (Para. 1)
flourish: n. 兴旺；茂盛 vi. 繁荣，兴旺；茂盛；活跃；处于旺盛时期 e.g. Those plants you gave me are flourishing.
1
Origin of Yoga and it’s popularity in
US (Para. 1)ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
2
Two schools of hatha yoga
(Para. 2)
3
How to practice (Paras. 3-5)
Reading Focus – Global Understanding
研究生英语课件ppt
The ability to read quickly and effectively, while still comprehending the information
Speed and Efficiency
The expansion of vocabulary through exposure to a wide range of texts and contexts
Research methods
Learn how to conduct research and evaluate the credibility of sources
04
Graded English Oral Expression
Fluent speech
The ability to speak English fluently, with natural and smooth communication, is essential for effective communication
The course provides a variety of learning activities, including readings, videos, exercises, and projects to help students develop their English proficiency and academic skills
contents
目录
01
Introduction to Gradate English Curriculum
Developing students' English proficiency: The main goal of the graduated English course is to improve students' English proficiency, including listening, speaking, reading, writing, and translation
Speed and Efficiency
The expansion of vocabulary through exposure to a wide range of texts and contexts
Research methods
Learn how to conduct research and evaluate the credibility of sources
04
Graded English Oral Expression
Fluent speech
The ability to speak English fluently, with natural and smooth communication, is essential for effective communication
The course provides a variety of learning activities, including readings, videos, exercises, and projects to help students develop their English proficiency and academic skills
contents
目录
01
Introduction to Gradate English Curriculum
Developing students' English proficiency: The main goal of the graduated English course is to improve students' English proficiency, including listening, speaking, reading, writing, and translation
研究生英语下ppt课件
Lecture and discussion
Collaborative learning
Students work in small groups to complete assignments and engage in peer-to-peer learning activities
Instrument feedback
Sensitivity
The ability to adjust communication style and behavior to fit different cultural contexts
Adaptability
Willingness to explore and learn about different cultures, and to enhance cultural differences in communication
Graduate English Part 2
目 录
Course IntroductionLanguage knowledge and skillsCultural background and cross cultural communicationPractical application and expansionCourse evaluation and feedback
Social structure
The social structure in Western countries is often based on an individual model, with less emphasis on family and community ties
Values: Chinese culture emphasizes collectivism, harmony, and social stability Traditional Chinese values place a high premium on respect for elders, family unit, and community welfare
Collaborative learning
Students work in small groups to complete assignments and engage in peer-to-peer learning activities
Instrument feedback
Sensitivity
The ability to adjust communication style and behavior to fit different cultural contexts
Adaptability
Willingness to explore and learn about different cultures, and to enhance cultural differences in communication
Graduate English Part 2
目 录
Course IntroductionLanguage knowledge and skillsCultural background and cross cultural communicationPractical application and expansionCourse evaluation and feedback
Social structure
The social structure in Western countries is often based on an individual model, with less emphasis on family and community ties
Values: Chinese culture emphasizes collectivism, harmony, and social stability Traditional Chinese values place a high premium on respect for elders, family unit, and community welfare
高等学校研究生英语综合教程上Unit-10(可直接使用).ppt
高等院校研究生英语系列教材
综合教程（上）
INTEGRATED COURSE
演示课件
Unit 10 The Role of Education
演示课件
Content
Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project
演示课件
Starting out—Task 2
Task 2
Useful words and expressions: • a just, equitable and productive society • quality of education • skilled workforce • low-income areas • minority students • rising tuition fees • heavy financial burden • meet the demands of the workplace • incapable of tackling practical problems • boost economic development • increase the skill base of the country
演示课件
Starting out
Now watch a video about Princeton University. Listen carefully and complete the blank-filling exercise.
演示课件
Starting out
1. Princeton University is located in Princeton, New Jersey in the suburban historic town of_d_i_v_e_r_se__s_u_r_ro_u__n_d_in_g_s_ including farmlands and forests.
综合教程（上）
INTEGRATED COURSE
演示课件
Unit 10 The Role of Education
演示课件
Content
Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project
演示课件
Starting out—Task 2
Task 2
Useful words and expressions: • a just, equitable and productive society • quality of education • skilled workforce • low-income areas • minority students • rising tuition fees • heavy financial burden • meet the demands of the workplace • incapable of tackling practical problems • boost economic development • increase the skill base of the country
演示课件
Starting out
Now watch a video about Princeton University. Listen carefully and complete the blank-filling exercise.
演示课件
Starting out
1. Princeton University is located in Princeton, New Jersey in the suburban historic town of_d_i_v_e_r_se__s_u_r_ro_u__n_d_in_g_s_ including farmlands and forests.
《研究生英语》课件
作业练习
完成课后作业和实践任务，巩固学习内容，培养独立思考和解决问题的能力。
评估方式
期末考试
通过书面考试测试学生对课程内容 的掌握和理解。
口语演讲
进行个人或小组的口语演讲，展示 对英语的流利和正确使用。
小组项目
与同学合作完成小组项目，展示团 队合作、创造力和问题解决能力。
课程重点提示
课程时间安排
2 拓展词汇量
课程将帮助你扩大你的词汇量，学习并掌握专业领域的英语词汇。
3 加强阅读理解
通过阅读取得各种各样的英语原文材料，提高你的阅读理解能力并培养批判性思维。
教材概述
这部分将介绍你将使用的教材，包括课本、参考书和在线资源，确保你能够 全面利用好这些教学材料。
课程大纲
1
单元一：学术写作
学习如何撰写学术文章、练习写作结构和技巧。
《研究生英语》PPT课件
这个PPT课件将帮助你更好地学习《研究生英语》课程，提供丰富的教学资料 和学习资源，让你轻松掌握英语。
课程简介
这个课程简介将带你了解《研究生英语》课程的内容、目标和重要性，为你 未来的学习打下坚实基础。
学习目标
1 提高英语能力
通过课程的学习，你将能够提高你的听、说、读、写能力，并学会运用英语进行学术交 流。
2
单元二：听力训练
提高听力技能，学习听力策略，增强对英语语音和口语的理解能力。
3
单元三：口语表达
练习口语表达，提高对话和演讲能力，培养自信和流利的口头表达。
教学方法
课堂讲授
通过老师的讲解、示范和实例分析，加深对知识的理解和掌握。
小组讨论
与同学一起进行互动讨论，分享观点、交流想法，提高口语和表达能力。
完成课后作业和实践任务，巩固学习内容，培养独立思考和解决问题的能力。
评估方式
期末考试
通过书面考试测试学生对课程内容 的掌握和理解。
口语演讲
进行个人或小组的口语演讲，展示 对英语的流利和正确使用。
小组项目
与同学合作完成小组项目，展示团 队合作、创造力和问题解决能力。
课程重点提示
课程时间安排
2 拓展词汇量
课程将帮助你扩大你的词汇量，学习并掌握专业领域的英语词汇。
3 加强阅读理解
通过阅读取得各种各样的英语原文材料，提高你的阅读理解能力并培养批判性思维。
教材概述
这部分将介绍你将使用的教材，包括课本、参考书和在线资源，确保你能够 全面利用好这些教学材料。
课程大纲
1
单元一：学术写作
学习如何撰写学术文章、练习写作结构和技巧。
《研究生英语》PPT课件
这个PPT课件将帮助你更好地学习《研究生英语》课程，提供丰富的教学资料 和学习资源，让你轻松掌握英语。
课程简介
这个课程简介将带你了解《研究生英语》课程的内容、目标和重要性，为你 未来的学习打下坚实基础。
学习目标
1 提高英语能力
通过课程的学习，你将能够提高你的听、说、读、写能力，并学会运用英语进行学术交 流。
2
单元二：听力训练
提高听力技能，学习听力策略，增强对英语语音和口语的理解能力。
3
单元三：口语表达
练习口语表达，提高对话和演讲能力，培养自信和流利的口头表达。
教学方法
课堂讲授
通过老师的讲解、示范和实例分析，加深对知识的理解和掌握。
小组讨论
与同学一起进行互动讨论，分享观点、交流想法，提高口语和表达能力。
《研究生英语》课件
Non verbal cues such as body language, legal expressions, and eye contact are important in cross cultural communication Understanding these cures can help avoid misunderstandings and improve communication
要点一
要点二
Religion in Western Culture
Christian is the main reliance in Western culture, and its influence on Western values and ways of life are found Other dependencies also exist, but Christian is the most valuable
Family and Community
In Chinese culture, the family unit is considered more important than in Western culture, and community ties are commonly strong People often live with their families and are expected to fulfill their Filial duties
Enhance writing and expression skills
By practicing writing and providing guidance on academic papers, students can improve their English writing and expression abilities, including writing academic papers, abstracts, comments, etc., so that they can express their opinions and research results clearly and accurately.
《研究生英语教程》课件
课堂演讲
此环节将帮助学生更好地进行英文演讲，并 提供拓展视野的机会。
学习目标
1
打牢基础
在本课程中，学生将巩固英语语法、拓展词汇量，从而建立坚实的语言基础。
2
提高运用
学生将学会运用英语进行论文写作、口语表达，并掌握其它应用场景中常有的技 能点，如邮件、谈判等。
3
自我提高
通过本课程，学生将学会以更加高效的方式进行英语学习，并激发学生自我超越 的潜能。
教学资源
英语教材
我们选用了一系列富含典 型英文语法、词汇及概念 的权威教材，用以向学生 传授英语基础。
智慧教育平台
该平台包含每周的学习资 源、互动环境等，辅助学 生的学习及交流。
学习工具
本课程将为学生提供多媒 体工具、学习资料以及助 教服务等等。
课程评估
考试抽查
我们将随机选取部分同学，进 行小测验和实地考察，以确保 大家掌握了所学知识。
作业评估
老师会对学生提交的所有作业 进行评估，并给出详细的批改 意见和建议。
结业考核
为了让每个学生及时掌握所学 知识并得到应有的证书，我们 将举行结业考核。
结语
1 感谢您的参与
我们感谢您制定时间参加该课程，并希望您已经通过该课程对英语有了更进一步的了解。
2 祝您成功
最后，我们诚挚地祝愿您未来工作和学习中顺利，并能够凭借在本课程中所学知识的力 量取得成功。
学习成果
经过本课程的学习，学生将获 得扎实的英语知识，并能够灵 活运用于学术及职场中。
课程内容概览
阅读理解
提高学生的阅读能力，帮助学生更好地理解 文本，并学会运用文中的知识。
口语表达
通过与老师和同学的交流，提高学生的听说 能力，并使学生更加流利地表达问题。
此环节将帮助学生更好地进行英文演讲，并 提供拓展视野的机会。
学习目标
1
打牢基础
在本课程中，学生将巩固英语语法、拓展词汇量，从而建立坚实的语言基础。
2
提高运用
学生将学会运用英语进行论文写作、口语表达，并掌握其它应用场景中常有的技 能点，如邮件、谈判等。
3
自我提高
通过本课程，学生将学会以更加高效的方式进行英语学习，并激发学生自我超越 的潜能。
教学资源
英语教材
我们选用了一系列富含典 型英文语法、词汇及概念 的权威教材，用以向学生 传授英语基础。
智慧教育平台
该平台包含每周的学习资 源、互动环境等，辅助学 生的学习及交流。
学习工具
本课程将为学生提供多媒 体工具、学习资料以及助 教服务等等。
课程评估
考试抽查
我们将随机选取部分同学，进 行小测验和实地考察，以确保 大家掌握了所学知识。
作业评估
老师会对学生提交的所有作业 进行评估，并给出详细的批改 意见和建议。
结业考核
为了让每个学生及时掌握所学 知识并得到应有的证书，我们 将举行结业考核。
结语
1 感谢您的参与
我们感谢您制定时间参加该课程，并希望您已经通过该课程对英语有了更进一步的了解。
2 祝您成功
最后，我们诚挚地祝愿您未来工作和学习中顺利，并能够凭借在本课程中所学知识的力 量取得成功。
学习成果
经过本课程的学习，学生将获 得扎实的英语知识，并能够灵 活运用于学术及职场中。
课程内容概览
阅读理解
提高学生的阅读能力，帮助学生更好地理解 文本，并学会运用文中的知识。
口语表达
通过与老师和同学的交流，提高学生的听说 能力，并使学生更加流利地表达问题。
研究生英语Unit4-Love-and-loving-relationshipPPT课件
16
从童年开始，父母们就通过选择某个街区和学 校，或是鼓励或是限制孩子未来的情感关系。在青 少年早期，同伴们的标准也会影响青少年决定哪些 情感关系是可以接受的(“你想和谁约会?”)。甚至在13 岁之前，情感经历就由社会和群体的活动和期望所 决定和培养起来了。虽然爱情可以跨越文化和民族 的界线，但批评和赞同教会了我们什么是可以接受 的浪漫行为和与谁发生浪漫行为。一个人也许会对 另一个人产生“欲望”，但是如果有强烈的文化或 族群反对，我们中的大多数人即使有这样的渴望也 不会因此而爱上某人的。
10
爱，特别是长久的爱，和我们从好莱坞、电视、 或爱情小说中获得的对爱和狂热的性爱的印象完全 不同。由于这些印象的缘故，许多人对爱有各种各 样的误解，这些误解常常会导致不现实的期望、固 定模式或幻觉破灭。事实上，“真”爱更接近于一 位作家(约翰逊，1995)所称的“搅燕麦粥之爱”。这 种爱既不令人激动也不能令人兴奋，但是它却是实 实在在的，不浪漫的。它是付账单，倒垃圾，刷马 桶，孩子生病时守夜，以及完成其他各种各样不那 么性感的“搅燕麦粥”的任务。
7
What about your descriptions?
8
Task3
Read and translate paragraph 7-12.
Please Mind your Pronunciation and Intonation!
9
7 Love, especially long-term love, has nothing in common with the images of love or frenzied sex that we get from Hollywood, television, and romance novels. Because of these images, many people believe a variety of myths about love. These misconceptions often lead to unrealistic expectations, stereotypes, and disillusionment. In fact, "real" love is closer to what one author called "stirring-the-oatmeal love" (Johnson, 1985). This type of love is neither exciting nor thrilling but is relatively mundane and unromantic. It means paying bills, putting out the garbage, scrubbing toilet bowls, being up all night with a sick baby, and performing myriad other "oatmeal" tasks that are not very sexy.
从童年开始，父母们就通过选择某个街区和学 校，或是鼓励或是限制孩子未来的情感关系。在青 少年早期，同伴们的标准也会影响青少年决定哪些 情感关系是可以接受的(“你想和谁约会?”)。甚至在13 岁之前，情感经历就由社会和群体的活动和期望所 决定和培养起来了。虽然爱情可以跨越文化和民族 的界线，但批评和赞同教会了我们什么是可以接受 的浪漫行为和与谁发生浪漫行为。一个人也许会对 另一个人产生“欲望”，但是如果有强烈的文化或 族群反对，我们中的大多数人即使有这样的渴望也 不会因此而爱上某人的。
10
爱，特别是长久的爱，和我们从好莱坞、电视、 或爱情小说中获得的对爱和狂热的性爱的印象完全 不同。由于这些印象的缘故，许多人对爱有各种各 样的误解，这些误解常常会导致不现实的期望、固 定模式或幻觉破灭。事实上，“真”爱更接近于一 位作家(约翰逊，1995)所称的“搅燕麦粥之爱”。这 种爱既不令人激动也不能令人兴奋，但是它却是实 实在在的，不浪漫的。它是付账单，倒垃圾，刷马 桶，孩子生病时守夜，以及完成其他各种各样不那 么性感的“搅燕麦粥”的任务。
7
What about your descriptions?
8
Task3
Read and translate paragraph 7-12.
Please Mind your Pronunciation and Intonation!
9
7 Love, especially long-term love, has nothing in common with the images of love or frenzied sex that we get from Hollywood, television, and romance novels. Because of these images, many people believe a variety of myths about love. These misconceptions often lead to unrealistic expectations, stereotypes, and disillusionment. In fact, "real" love is closer to what one author called "stirring-the-oatmeal love" (Johnson, 1985). This type of love is neither exciting nor thrilling but is relatively mundane and unromantic. It means paying bills, putting out the garbage, scrubbing toilet bowls, being up all night with a sick baby, and performing myriad other "oatmeal" tasks that are not very sexy.
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propaganda.
这些社会因素是在 人们相互 联系和交往的过程中形成的。 比 如， 某一人群对于遭到敌人攻击 的集体 恐惧就很容易激发他们的 破坏性潜能， 不管这种恐惧是基 于敌人的真正威胁， 还 是仅仅基
于错误宣传。
Our destructive potential can be activated by group ethnocentrism and xenophobia in all its forms of racial ,religious , and ethnic hatred. (consider the mass murder in Rwanda of tens of
thousands of Tutsis by machete-wielding Hutus.)
In addition, our destructive potential can be activated by a group ideology of self-righteous idealism that justifies aggression against perceived enemies.
destructive potential can easily be activated, for example ,by a group’s collective fear of attack by an enemy—whether that fear is based upon a genuine threat or manufactured by
Teaching Our children about Evil
Yu Kai
What commonly activates our creative or destructive potential arises from outside ourselves . There are social forces inherent in
在种族关系方面， 数量巨大的人群
的破坏性潜能会被这些社会因素所 激发
。 基地组织的原教旨主义思想和宣传就 是一个很好的例子。 基于记忆中的仇 恨 和他们认为受到的压制， 基地组织在整 个伊斯兰世界广泛激起了愤怒的挫败情
绪， 于是将这种破坏性潜能直接指向美
国社会。
expressions of aggrபைடு நூலகம்ssion. All of there social
forces exist, to a greater or lesser extent ,everywhere in the world. They can be managed but never extinguished.
以种族、 宗教、 民族仇恨为表现形 式的民族优越感和仇外心理都可能 激发 我们的破坏性潜能（ 比如发生在卢旺达 的手持弯刀的胡图族对图西族的大规 模 屠杀）。 此外， 自以为是的理想主义集 体意识使得对假想敌的侵犯貌似正当， 这种意识也会激发我们的破坏性潜能
( The Nazis combined ethnocentrism and a
destructive potential of huge numbers of people
can be activated by these social forces. The fundamentalist ideology and propaganda of Al-
Qaeda provides an excellent example. Al-Qaeda
group, which can easily activate our creative
or destructive potential. There social forces aren’t collective expressions of individual personality qualities, assumed. as is often mistakenly
通常激发我们创造性潜能和破
坏性潜能的力量来自并非来自我
们自身，人群当中存在着能够激
发我们创造性潜能和破坏性潜能
的固有的社会因素。 这些社会因
素常常被认为是个体性格的集体
表现， 其实不然
Instead,
there forces develop when
people from associations with each other. Our
racist ideology to kill millions .) Finally, it must be recognized that competition for wealth, power ,and prestige in a society activates the destructive potential and encourages direct and indirect
（ 比如纳粹出于民族优越感和种族意
识对千 百万人的屠杀）。 最后， 必须注
意的是， 对财富、 权力和威望的追逐也
会激发我 们的破坏性潜能并直接或间接
表现为对他人的侵犯。 所有这些社会因 素都不同程 度地存在于世界上的每个角 落。 这些因素虽然可以适当掌控但永远 不会彻底消 除。
On the level of intergroup relations, the
activated widespread angry frustrations in the Islamic world, based upon resentful memories and perceptions of oppression, and directed that destructive potential toward American society.