主谓一致

Ⅱ.单项填空 1．The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as
D
A．has
its soil and water of its lakes, rivers and oceans. B．do C．is D．are
解析
as...as...在这里表示“同„„一样”的意思。句意为：
2．Such poets as Shakespeare works，however，some A．are；are C．are；is
widely read，of whose difficult to understand. (2010· 四川，15) B．is；is D．is；are
A
解析
句意为：一些诗人，像莎士比亚，(其作品)被广泛阅读，
4．—Is everyone here? —Not yet...Look，there A．come C．is coming
A
the rest of our guests！ (2010· 江苏，33)
B．comes D．are coming
解析
句意为：——大家都来了吗？——还没有„„看！我
们其余的客人来了。there放在句首时，句子谓语动词用完全 倒装结构，由guests可知the rest指代复数内容，故谓语动词用 复数形式。
式；由since 1997可知句子的时态应用现在完成时。
领悟语法
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．—Several department stores，including the one we usually go to， are having (have) sidewalk sales this week. —Let’s go and have a look. 2．What the science teacher does and says is (be) of great importance to college students. 3. 4. A number of students are (be) playing on the ground but I don’t know what the exact number is (be)． We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that is (be) to blame for their son’s bad behaviour at school.
用单数，且询问昨晚的情况，有明确的过去时间，所以应选 择was。
4．At the bus stop A．were
A
a soldier and two young people on C．is D．sits
their way to the village. B．was
解析 式。
表处所的介词短语置于句首时句子要用倒装，该句的
主语是a soldier and two young people，所以谓语动词用复数形
5．Butter and bread and the butter A．is；is eaten C．are；are eaten
their daily food，but the bread
D
up now. B．are；have been eaten D．is；have been eaten
复数要根据就近原则来定，故谓语动词用单数。
3．—Did you go to the show last night? —Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area A．were C．has been B．have been D．was
D
invited.
解析
主语是every boy and girl，表示单数概念，故谓语动词
(4)通常由两个部件组成的物品如：a knife and fork (一副刀 叉)等作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Bread and butter is not to his taste. 2．表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词，尽管有时是复数 形式但常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 Is fifty pounds enough? 3．“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的形式 根据of后的名词的形式来定，如果名词是可数名词复数，谓语动 词用复数形式；如果名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动 词用单数形式。 Twothirds of the books are about science. Only 30% of the work was done yesterday.
然而，其中一些作品是难以理解的。句中 of whose works 到句 末为非限制性定语从句；第一个空的主语是 some poets，故谓 语动词用复数形式；第二个空的主语是 some of whose works， 谓语动词也要用复数形式。
3．Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who A．wear
二、意义一致原则 1．谓语动词必须用单数的情况 (1)表示学科的名词以及works(工厂)，news(消息)等作主语 时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义时，谓语动词仍用单 数。 Politics is his favorite subject. (2)表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主 语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单数，所以谓语动 词用单数。 Do you know when the United Nations was set up?
has experienced (experience) major changes over the last
100 years. 7．Of the first Spanish to go to California，the majority were (be) religious men，whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. 8． So far a series of problems have been this decision. (be) brought about by
5．The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities
C
A．is
rising steadily since 1997. B．are D．have been
(2009· 山东，25)
C．has wk.baidu.comeen
解析
“the number of＋n.”作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形
5．—Mike，what did our monitor say just now? —Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who are (be) to visit the museum is (be) asked to be at the school gate before 6∶30 in the morning. 6．Britain in common with many other industrialized countries，
主谓一致
一、就近一致原则 1．由 or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...， whether...or...，not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时， 通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保 持一致。 Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind. 2．here/there 引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时，通常根据 就近原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。 Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.
感悟高考
1．Listening to loud music at rock concerts hearing loss in some teenagers. A．is B．are C．has D．have
C
caused
(2010· 湖南，33)
解析
句意为：听摇滚音乐会中的大声的音乐已导致一些青
少年失聪了。本题主语为动名词短语，故谓语动词用单数， 根据主谓关系可知，此处应是主动语态，故C项正确。
大气是地球的一部分，就像土壤，湖里、河里、海洋里的水 (是地球的一部分)一样。后面是一个省略句。原句还原为完 整的句子为The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans are a part of it.。 后面因为用and连接了soil和water，故用复数are。
三、语法一致原则 1．由and连接的两个名词作主语 (1)“a/the＋名词单数＋and＋名词单数”表示一个人(双重 身份)，谓语动词用单数。 The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city. (2)“a/the＋名词单数＋and＋a/the＋名词单数”表示两个 人，谓语动词用复数。 The teacher and the poet have just arrived. (3)“every＋名词单数＋and＋every＋名词单数”表示每一 个人，谓语动词用单数。 Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country.
2．谓语动词必须用复数的情况 表示总称意义的名词，如people，police，public，cattle等 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The police are searching for the murderer.
3．谓语动词的形式依据主语表示的意义而定 (1)集体名词，如family，class，group，team，club， company，government，population等作主语时，谓语动词的形 式根据其在语境中表示的意义而定。当其表示集体意义，强调整 体概念时，谓语动词用单数；当其表示集体中各个组成部分，强 调个体概念时，谓语动词用复数。 As far as I know，his family is not very large but the family are all music lovers. (2)“the＋形容词/分词”表示“一类人”时，谓语动词用复 数。 The poor were looked down upon in the old days.
解析
butter and bread抹上黄油的面包，已经是一种约定俗成
的食物了，所以用单数形式；the bread and the butter意为 “面包和黄油”，是两种食物，谓语动词用复数。
2．In fact，not only Mary and I but also Jane one exam after another. A．is tired for C．is tired of B．are tired with D．are tired of
C
having
解析
not only...but also连接的成分作主语时，谓语动词的单
B
evening dress. B．wears
(2010· 全国Ⅱ，9)
C．has worn D．have worn 解析 句意为：Barbara很容易被辨认出来，因为她是唯一一
名穿晚礼服的妇女。题干中先行词是the only one，故定语从 句中用单数谓语动词；再根据主句的谓语动词是一般现在时 知，从句也用一般现在时。