2019年高考英语考试大纲解读专题04 阅读理解(含解析)

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《高考真题》2019年高考英语母题题源系列专题04 阅读理解社会生活类(原卷版)

专题04 阅读理解（社会生活类）【母题来源一】【2019·天津卷，B 】I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don't remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say," I can't believe what's printed in the newspaper this morning," made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to be reading.This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. When mom said," The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf," I knew where the candy was. My progress in reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to make A's on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn't enjoy this type of reading. I liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.Yet, now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don't have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I've found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.41. Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom's hands？A. She wanted mom to read the news to her.B. She was anxious to know what had happened.C. She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart.D. She couldn't help but stop mom from reading.42. According to Paragraph 3，the author's reading of road signs indicates___________A. her unique way to locate herselfB. her eagerness to develop her reading abilityC. her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rulesD. her growing desire to know the world around her.43. What was the author's view on factual reading？A. It would help her update test-taking skills.B. It would allow much room for free thinking.C. It would provide true and objective information.D. It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.44. The author takes novel reading as a way to___________.A. explore a fantasy landB. develop a passion for leaningC. learn about the adult communityD. get away from a confusing world45. What could be the best title for the passage？A. The Magic of ReadingB. The Pleasure of ReadingC. Growing Up with ReadingD. Reading Makes a Full Man【母题来源二】【2019·浙江卷，B 】Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, "Give What You Can, Take What You Need."People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic(社会经济的)backgrounds gave and took, ”said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. "We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars." Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip(片段)shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.“What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,” Bridges said. “There’s a certainfeeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most." Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.“After all, everyone has bad days and good days," he said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”24. What does the expression "money with no strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean?A. Money spent without hesitation.B. Money not legally made.C. Money offered without conditions.D. Money not tied together.25. What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride?A. Women tended to be more sociable.B. The activity attracted various people.C. Economic problems were getting worse.D. Young couples needed financial assistance.26. Why did Bridges carry out the project?A. To do a test on people’s morals.B. To raise money for his company.C. To earn himself a good reputation.D. To promote kindness and sympathy.【母题来源三】【2019·全国卷II，C】Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone，but together，you know？”Bechtel said，looking up from her book. Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over. Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before al the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demerit，whose company provided the statistics for the report.28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A. Food variety.B. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D. Restaurant service. 29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch? A. To meet with her coworkers. B. To catch up with her work. C. To have some time on her own. D. To collect data for her report. 30. What do we know about Mazoleny? A. He makes videos for the bar. B. He’s fond of the food at the bar.C. He interviews customers at the bar. D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.31. What is the text mainly about? A. The trend of having meals alone. B. The importance of self-reflection. C. The stress from working overtime. D. The advantage of wireless technology. 【母题来源四】【2019·全国卷III，B】For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative."It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences."China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."24. What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?A. It promoted the sales of artworks.B. It attracted a large number of visitors.C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes.D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.25. What does Hill say about Chinese women?A. They are setting the fashion.B. They start many fashion campaigns.C. They admire super models.D. They do business all over the world.26. What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?A. learning fromB. looking down onC. working withD. competing against27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the WorldB. A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New YorkC. Differences Between Eastern and Western AestheticsD. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends【命题意图】阅读理解从能力的角度来讲，考查学生运用英语的能力，具体地说，就是通过阅读有关文章提取有用信息的能力。

2019高考英语阅读理解(文学艺术音乐)(含解析)

（文学、艺术、音乐）李仕才导读：一位美国早期的作家曾经说过：“美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。

”你认可这种观点吗？美国人究竟有哪些音乐爱好呢？American Music StylesJames Fenimore Cooper, an early American writer, once said, "The Americans are almost ignorant of the art of music." If that was once true, you would never know it today. Most Americans--even those without a musical bone in their bodies--have a favorite style of music. Many people enjoy classical and folk music from around the world. But other popular music styles in America were "made in the U.S.A."Country and western music lies close to the heart of many Americans. This style originated among country folks in the southern and western United States. Country music tells down-to-earth stories about love and life´s hardships. Guitars, banjos and violins give country music its characteristic sound. The home of country music is Nashville, Tennessee--Music City U.S.A.Jazz music, developed by African-Americans in the late 1800s, allows performers to freely express their emotions and musical skill. ①Instead of just playing the melody, jazz musicians improvise different tunes. The peak of jazz music came in the 1920s. This period produced musicians like Louis Armstrong, Benny Goodman and Duke Ellington. Different styles of jazz developed in different cities,②such as New Orleans, Chicago, New York and Kansas City.③The 1950s saw the development of an explosive new music style: rock ´n´ roll.This powerful music style addresses issues like love, sex, drugs, politics and death. Often it rebels against the accepted values of society. Rock concerts, featuring loud music and sometimes weird stage acts, have become a major part of American youth culture. Music videos on television have spread the message of rock to the far corners of the globe.And the beat goes on. Pop music represents popular styles that have wide appeal. "Golden oldies" from the past bring back pleasant memories for many. Rap music, which burst onto the music scene in the 1970s, is actually more like a rhyming chant. Rappers give a strong--sometimes vulgar--messageabout life in the streets.Americans have always been a religious people, and music has long been a part of their religious experience, as well. Today´s Chr istian styles fit all musical tastes--from country to jazz to pop to rock to rap.In America, music is a shared experience. People grow up with piano lessons, chorus classes and marching band practices. They can talk about their tastes in music when there isn´t anything else to talk about. ④If James Fenimore Cooper were here today, he would surely have to change his tune.美国的音乐风格詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库柏，一位美国早期的作家，曾经说过：“美国人对音乐艺术几乎是相当无知。

2019高考英语阅读理解(健康与饮食)(含解析)

（健康与饮食）李仕才导读：你见过蓝色和绿色的蜂蜜吗？这些奇怪颜色的蜂蜜是怎么来的呢？The colorful honeyBlue and green honey may look cool, but beekeepers in northeastern France are not happy about their strange-looking new product.Over the past few months, beekeepers in Ribeauvillé, a town located in the Alsace region, have noticed that bees there have been making honey in many strange colors. Bees have been returning to apiaries with different colors coating their bodies. The colors then ①end up polluting the honey.A recent research showed that a nearby M&M’s factory is behind the change in color. Waste from the factory has been exposing the bees to a number of chemicals. Some of the chemicals are used in the outer shells of the candies, which come in many bright colors.The local beekeepers do not know if the polluted honey is dangerous to eat, but they are not taking any chances. They are ②throwing away the candy-colored honey, which means a big loss to local businesses.“For me, it’s not honey,” Alain Frieh, leader of the town’s beekeepers union, tells the Reuters news agency. “It’s not sellable.”The honey industry in this part of France has been suffering this year. According to Frieh, many bees died last winter or were unable to make honey because of the bad weather. This new problem of colored honey is hurting the beekeepers’ way of life even more.The region ③is home to about 2,400 beekeepers and 35,000 colonies of bees, according to Alsace’s chamber of agriculture. ④The beekeepers harvest approximately 1,000 tons of honey each year, making the product a big part of the region’s economy.Agrivalor is the company that processes the M&M's factory's waste. According to co-manager Philippe Meinrad, the company has been ⑤attempting to stop the pollution.“We discovered the problem ⑥at the same time they did,” Meinrad tells Reuters. “We quickly put in place a procedure to stop it.”彩色的蜂蜜蓝色和绿色的蜂蜜可能看起来很酷，但法国东北部的养蜂人却不喜欢这种看起来怪异的产品。

江苏省2019高考英语阅读理解-细节理解四附答案解析

the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction.
This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required—and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.
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阅读理解-2019年高考英语考试大纲解读(含答案)

阅读理解-2019年高考英语考试大纲解读（含答案）《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关阅读的要求：要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

【解读】阅读是我国考生学习和使用外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。

该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。

考生应能：2. 理解文中具体信息文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节信息对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。

具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括和推断后才能得到。

3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的单词和短语，但许多这类词语的含义可以通过上下文推断出来。

这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断词语含义的能力，是一个合格的读者必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读理解部分经常考查的一种能力。

4.根据所读内容作出判断和推理在实际的阅读活动中，常常需要根据文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发展的趋势等。

这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要构成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。

6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。

而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。

因此，读者需要在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。

【说明文】【样题】(2018·全国新课标I，D)We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment – and our wallets – as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life – from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ r oom, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices– we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption andcontribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So wha t’s the solution (解决方案)? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。

2019年高考英语考试大纲解读(含答案)

2019年高考英语考试大纲解读（含答案）《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关语言知识的要求:要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题，要求词汇量为右。

3500 左高考试卷对语言知识的考查主要体现于完形填空和语法填空。

核心语法，构建网络，不纠缠褊难怪”词法、句法、章法是语法的灵魂，对于这三个要素要形成体系，不要支离破碎地学习，尽量掌握核心内容，不要把重心放在偏难怪”且有争议的语法现象上。

可以制作一个语法知识本，以梳理核心语法知识，形成自己的知识网络，进而提升借助语法进行阅读和写作的能力。

如牢记常见的不可数名词，如advice, equipment, evidence, fun, furniture, information, luck, news, luggage/baggage, progress 等牢记核心的词形变化，如warm — warmth, argue— argument, strong—strength, just—justice, unjust —injustice, explain —explanation 等。

题型1完形填空全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅，2018 年全国卷II和全国卷出的完形填空就选用了记叙文，全国卷I采用了夹叙夹议文。

从选材到试题的设置都呈现出“稳中有变”的特点：1.题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后能给考生带来心灵的启迪。

且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教育意义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。

2.文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为250词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设置20个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选择符合文章情节的选项，很少涉及纯语法知识试题。

高考英语考试大纲解读专题04阅读理解

专题04 阅读理解《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关阅读的要求：要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

【解读】阅读是我国考生学习和使用外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。

该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。

具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括和推断后才能得到。

3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的单词和短语，但许多这类词语的含义可以通过上下文推断出来。

这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断词语含义的能力，是一个合格的读者必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读理解部分经常考查的一种能力。

这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要构成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。

6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。

而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。

因此，读者需要在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。

【说明文】【样题】(2018·全国新课标I，D)We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment– and our wallets – as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life –from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices– we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and boxTVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what’s the solution(解决方案)? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。

2019高考英语(昆明)阅读理解(4)(解析)

2019高考英语（昆明）阅读理解（4）（解析）HOWTOQUITSMOKINGWhenthinkingaboutquitting(givingup)…Listallthereasonswhyyouwanttoquit.Everynightbeforegoingtobed,repeatoneofthereas ons10times.Decidepositivelythatyouwanttoquit.Trytoavoidnegative(消极的)thoughtsabouthowdifficultitmightbe.Developstrongpersonalreasonsinadditiontoy ourhealthandobligations(责任)toothers.Forexample,thinkofallthetimeyouwastetakingcigarettebreaks,rushingou ttobuyapack,huntingforalight,etc.Setadateforquitting—perhapsaspecialdaylikeyourbirthdayoraholiday.Ifyousmokeheavilyatwork,quitduring yourvacation.Makethedatesacredseriously,anddon’tletanythingchangeit.Begintoconditionyourselfphysically;startamodest(适度的)exercise;drinkmorewater;getplentyofrest.Immediatelyafterquitting…Thefirstfewdaysafteryouquit,spendasmuchfreetimeaspossibleinplaceswheresmokingis prohibited(forbidden),e.g.libraries,museums,theatres,departmentsstores,etc.Drinklargequantitiesofwaterandfruitjuice.Trytoavoidwine,coffee,andotherdrin kswhichremindyouofcigarettesmoking.Strikeupaconversationwithsomeoneinsteadofamatchforacigarette.Ifyoumissthesensation(感觉)ofhavingacigaretteinyourhand,playwithsomethingelse-apencil,apenoraruler.Ifyoumisshavingsomethinginyourmouth,tryatoothpickorafake(仿制的)cigarette.1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisbestsupportedbytheauthor?A.Wheneveryoufeellikeacigarette,trytoforgetitbystartingaconversationwithsom eone.B.Trytobeanice-breakerbeforeaskingforalight.C.Ifyoumissthesensationofhavingacigaretteinyourmouth,playwithapen.D.Everynightbeforegoingtobed,repeatthereasons10times.2.Fromthepassage,weknowsmokers_______.A.wastealotoftimesmokingB.havetostoptosmokefromtimetotimeC.canonlyquitsmokingduringtheirholidayD.startamodestandeasyexercise3.Theauthorsuggested_______.A.allkindsofdrinksbeavoidedimmediatelyafterquittingB.drinkingwaterandfruitjuiceimmediatelyafterquittingC.tryinglow-tar(低焦油)cigarettesimmediatelyafterquittingD.spendingasmuchtimeaspossibleinpublicplaces4.Ifthearticleisinanewspaper,whichsectionitisin?A.Sports.B.News.C.HealthD.Culture.【答案与解释】众所周知，吸烟有害健康，但对烟民来说戒烟并非易事。

2019届全国高考英语阅读理解汇编（4）英语试卷【含答案及解析】

2019届全国⾼考英语阅读理解汇编（4）英语试卷【含答案及解析】2019届全国⾼考英语阅读理解汇编（4）英语试卷【含答案及解析】姓名___________ 班级____________ 分数__________⼀、阅读理解1. 阅读理解。

For many people，volunteering is a way of life.Holidays are the time of the year that more people are in a giving mood.Homeless shelters，children’s hospitals，and nursing homes are excellent places to give of one’s time.Volunteering in Homeless SheltersThere is a homeless directory online that anyone can easily access to find the closest homeless shelter to their home.According to the homeless shelter directory，currently there are 3,233 shelters in the US，so it is notdifficult to find a shelter.Helping to serve food，picking up donations of food，preparing meals，and cleaning up are things that one can do to help at a homeless shelter.Vol unteering in Children’s HospitalsEvery child needs comfort and joy，especially during the holiday seasons.By visiting sick children in hospitals，an individual provides helping hands by supplementing the services usually done by the hospital staff.Personalizing the hospital experience adds to the comfort and happiness of the children and their families.Volunteers provide help，and positive interactions (相互交流) which enhance the patient’s quality of care.Help is needed almost everywhere in a hospital；from the lobby，parkinglot，cafeteria，to admitting，helping with the gift cart，and even reading to children in the waiting rooms or their hospital rooms. Volunteering in Nursing HomesAccording to the National Center for Health Statistics，“Over 50% of those living in nursing homes do not have close relatives and 46% have no living children.” Life in a nursing home is lonely，confusing，and frightening for many residents. Volunteering at a nursing home is a great opportunity tomake a difference in someone else’s lif e.Playing cards，sitting with and talking to a resident，taking a walk，or sharing a meal makes a huge difference，especially when they have no other sole on earth to visit them.The three examples above are only a small fraction of institutions in which volunteers are needed.Giving of oneself，especially during the holidays blesses and cheers others.1. According to the passage，what can a volunteer do in nursing homes?A．Visiting the sick children.B．Picking up the donated food.C．Helping with the gift cart.D．Playing cards with a lonely old man.2. What can we learn about the volunteering?A．You can only volunteer during the holidays.B．You can help prepare meals in a nursing home.C．It is easy to find a homeless shelter to volunteer.D．Help is needed everywhere in a homeless shelter.3. In a children’s hospital，which of the following is true?A．Over 50% of those living there do not have relatives.B．A personal visit brings happiness to a sick boy.C．Children live a lonely and frightening life.D．Children love listening to volunteers’ reading.4. The best title for the passage would be ________.A．Giving of oneself cheers othersB．Volunteering is a way of lifeC．Volunteering during the holidaysD．Giving is better than taking2. 阅读理解。

2019高考英语二轮阅读理解强化系列(04)及解析

2019高考英语二轮阅读理解强化系列（04）及解析ANo one knows where the phrase “Indian summer” got started. We are sure that the phrase was well－known by the year 1778, because Crevecoeur, an American writer, described it like this: “A hard frost(霜冻)follows the autumn rains. This prepares the ground to receive the snows of winter. But before the snows come, the earth turns warm once again and there are a few days of smoke and mildness called Indian summer.”There is a story about Indian summer that goes back to the very first settlers of the New World. The first frost meant winter was coming. Snow would soon follow. The Indians, seeing the settlers preparing for winter, told them not to hurry. The weather would turn warm, mild breezes would blow and the sky would turn soft and smoky. And so it did. The sun became hotter, and a bright warm smoke flowed over the fields and woods. The settlers, remembering the words of the Indians, called this wonderful period Indian summer.But the Indians have their own stories about this late period of warm weather. One of their stories is about a god called Shawondasee.Shawondasee was a sad god because he had lost the love of a tall and beautiful Indian maiden. The sad and beautiful story caught the imagination of the American poet Henry Wad sworth Longfellow. In 1855 he included the story of Shawondasee in his poem “The song of Hiawatha”.The story goes like this：God Shawondasee, fat and lazy, lived under the dreamy and never－ending southern sun. He sent birds and wild geese to the north, as well as melons and grapes. He smoked a big pipe, and as the smoke rose, it filled the sky with dreamy softness, gave a bright shine to the water and brought the tender Indian summer to the melancholy northland.There is something about this period of warm weather that gives people a lift and makes them feel warm and happy before the long snows of winter come.5．Which season does “Indian summer” refer to?A. Early spring.B. Late summer.C. Mid－autumn.D. Early winter.6．Which of the following best describes the weather of this period of time?A. Hot and humid.B. Warm and mild.C. Cool and bright.D. Cold and smoky.7．The Indians’ explanation to this natural phenomenon is that God Shawondasee ______.A. lived under the dreamy southern sunB. took pity on the homeless settlersC. smoked a lot because of his bad moodD. lent his smoking pipe to the Indians8．What is the meaning of the underlined word “melancholy”？A. Sad and lonely.B. Dreamy and exciting.C. Soft and musical.D. Warm and happy.[答案]5．D.词义指代判断题.依据文章中第一段及第三段内容可知Indian summer指旳是初冬，即early winter.故D项正确.6．B.细节理解题.由文章第一段第四句中旳“But bef ore the snows come, the earth turns warm once again and there are a few days of smoke and mildness called Indian summer.”可知，这期间旳天气是温暖柔和旳.7．C.细节理解判断题.依据文章倒数第二段和倒数第三段内容可知，C项正确.8．A.词义理解题.依据文章倒数第三段旳“Shawondasee was a sad god”以及倒数第二段中旳“He sent birds and wild geese to the north, as well as melons and grapes.”可知答案A项为该词旳词义.阅读理解BJune came and the hay was almost ready for cutting. On Midsummer’s Eve, which was a Saturday, Mr. Jones went into Willington and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come back till midday on Sunday. The man had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone out rabbiting, without bothering to feed the animals. When Mr. Jones got back, he immediately went to sleep on the living－room sofa with the “News of the World” over h is face, so that when evening came, the animals were still not fed. At last, they could stand no longer. One of the cows broke into the door of the store －house with her horns(角) and all the animals began to help themselves to the grains. It was just then that Mr. Jones woke up. The next moment he and his four men were in the store－house with whips in their hands, whipping in all directions. This was more than the hungry animals would bear. Together, though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand, they jumped upon their masters. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being struck with their horns and kicked from all sides. The situation was quite out of their control. They had never seen animals act like this before, and this sudden uprising of creatures whom they were used to beating and whipping just as they chose frightened them. After only a moment or two, they gave up trying to defend themselves.A minute later all five of them were in full fright down the road, with the animals running after them joyfully.1．Which of the following is true according to the story?A. Willington was the name of a hotel.B. Red Lion was the name of a restaurant.C. News of the World was a TV program.D. Store－house is a place to feed the cows.2．The cows broke into the store－house to feed themselves because ______.A. they were so angry at their mastersB. they wanted to fight with the menC. they wanted to go on strikeD. they were too hungry3．The cows jumped upon their masters because ______.A. they were not fedB. they were so hungryC. they were whipped so hard by themD. they were so happy4．What is the best title of the story?A. Midsummer’s EveB. A Bad SundayC. Cows and their MastersD. The Rebellion of the CowsCThe phone is ringing at the other end of the line and it clicks as it is being answered.A voice says quickly, “Hello. Will you hold, please？” Then there is another click, followed by silence. It seems like hours before someone comes back on the line—that is, if you don’t hang up first.Office calls are, perhaps, the most difficult and the most important part of a secretary’s work. The first impression that a client receives about a business is very often through a telephone contact. A caller who is left hanging on “hold” will get the feeling that he or she has been forgotten or ignored. If a call is answered rudely, the caller may become angry. And if the call is not routed directly to the right person, the caller may feel that he or she is getting the “runaround”.Laura Needham is a secretary in the executive office of a large manufacturing company. As a good office secretary, Laura knows that all phone calls must be answered without delay and handled efficiently. She knows that a secretary must be pleasant and helpful, no matter how busy she is or what kind of mood she may be in. She knows she must keep calm if a caller gets impatient or becomes angry; also, of course, she knows she can never allow herself to lose her temper. If she does not have the information the caller asks for, she must know who does have the information. Finally, she knows that one of her most important responsibilities is to “screen telephone calls” and to know which calls to refer to her boss, which calls to refer to other people, and which calls to handle herself.A well－handled telephone call will give the caller a good impression of the company he or she is dealing with. For this reason, an office secretary who can handle telephone calls cheerfully, tactfully (老练旳), and efficiently is a valuable asset to any organization.5．Good secretaries find it ______ to handle office calls well.A. very boringB. very importantC. quite necessaryD. extremely difficult6．The underlined word “runaround” here means ______.A. a flat refusalB. a not－so－warm welcomeC. an unpleasant refusalD. an unhelpful response7．In Laura’s opinion a secretary can never be a good one until ______.A. she often asks her boss how to answer a telephone callB. she knows how to please her clientsC. she has the information that her clients needD. she can keep calm and never loses her temper8．This passage is mainly about ______.A. well－handled telephone callsB. an efficient office secretary called Laura NeedhamC. the importance of how office calls are dealt withD. a secretary being a valuable asset to her company[答案]仲夏前夕，主人离家进城，留下一群奶牛无人喂食.第二天主人返回也忘记给奶牛喂食，结果饥饿难奈旳奶牛冲破食料库房自行觅食.主人醒来发现情况立即召集另外四人鞭打和驱赶进食旳奶牛，谁知饥饿旳奶牛怒而发狂进而攻击主人.1．B.稍难.考查细节判断.根据第一段第二句中旳“Mr. Jones went into Willington and got so drunk at the Red Lion that...”可知Willington是一个城镇(市)，而Red Lion是一个提供餐饮服务旳地方；他把“News of the World”盖在脸上，说明它是一份报刊或杂志之类旳东西；那些奶牛到“store－house”里面吃食，说明它是存储奶牛草食旳地方；因而判断，B 为最佳答案.2．D.易.考查细节推理.文章谈到，Jones有近两天旳时间没有喂奶牛食料，因此它们是太饥饿才冲进草料仓库吃食.3．C.中.推理判断考查.第一段中谈到Jones和其他四人冲进仓库，用鞭子抽打那些奶牛，这是奶牛们无法忍受旳，因此它们就怒而攻击主人.4．D.易.考查主旨归纳.本文谈论因为受到主人虐待，饥饿旳奶牛怒而发狂进而攻击人旳事，因此D为最佳标题.文章讲述了处理办公电话旳重要性.5．B.细节理解题.由文章最后一句话旳内容，就可得出答案.6．D.猜测词义题.由第二段第四句中“If a call is answered rudely, the caller may become angry. And if the call is not routed directly to the right person, ...”旳内容可推测出runaround是“推诿”旳意思.7．D.推理判断题.由文章第三段内容可得出答案.8．C.主旨大意题.通读全文即可归纳出文章旳中心.阅读理解DIt may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech. At some point in every speech, every speaker says something that is not understood exactly as he has planned. Fortunately, such moments are usually not obvious (明显旳) to the listeners. Why? Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say. They hear only what the speaker does say. If you lose your place for a moment, wrongly change the order of a couple of sentences, or forget to pause at a certain point, no_one_will_be_any_the_wiser. When such moments occur, don’t worry about them. Just continue as if nothing happened.Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech, that doesn’t really matter. If you have ever listen ed to Martin Luther King’s famous speech－“I Have a Dream”，you may notice that he stumbles (结巴) over his words twice during the speech. Most likely, however, you don’t remember. Why? Because you were fixing your attention on his message rather than on his way of speech－making.People care a lot about making a mistake in a speech because they regard speech －making as a kind of performance rather than as an act of communication (交流). They feel the listeners are like judges in an ice－skating competition. But, in fact, the listeners are not looking for a perfect performance. They are looking for a well－thought －out speech that expresses the speaker’s ideas clearly and directly. Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker’s attractiveness by making h im more human.As you work on your speech, don’t worry about being perfect. Once you free your mind of this, you will find it much easier to give your speech freely.1．The underlined part in the first paragraph means that no one will ______.A. be smarter than youB. notice your mistakesC. do better than youD. know what you are talking about2．You don’t remember obvious mistakes in a speech because ______.A. your attention is on the contentB. you don’t fully understand the speechC. you don’t know what the speaker plans to sayD. you find the way of speech－making more important3．It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. giving a speech is like giving a performanceB. one or two mistakes in a speech may not be badC. the listeners should pay more attention to how a speech is madeD. the more mistakes a speaker makes, the more attractive he will be4．What would be the best title for the passage?A. How to Be a Perfect Speaker.B. How to Make a Perfect Speech.C. Don’t Expect a Perfect Speech.D. Don’t Expect Mistakes in a Speech.EConcern with money, and then more money, in order to buy the conveniences and luxuries of modern life, has brought great changes to the lives of most Frenchmen. More people are working than ever before in France. In the cities, the traditional leisurely midday meal is disappointing. Offices, shops, and factories are discovering the great efficiency of a short lunch hour in company lunchrooms. In almost all lines of work, emphasis now falls on ever－increasing output. Thus the “typical” Frenchman produces more, earns more, and buys more consumer goods than his counterpart of only a generation ago. He gains in creature comforts and ease of life. What he loses to some extent is his sense of personal uniqueness, or individuality.Some day that France has been Americanized. This is because the United States is a world symbol of the technological society and its consumer products. The so－called Americanization of France has its critics. They fear that “assembly－line life” will lead to the disappearance of the pleasures of the more graceful and leisurely (but less productive) old French style. What will happen, they ask, to taste, elegance, and the cultivation of the good things in life—to enjoy in the smell of a freshly－picked apple, a stroll by the river, or just happy hours of conversation in a local cafe?Since the late 1950’s life in France has indeed taken on qualities of rush, tension, and the pursuit of material gain. Some of the strongest critics of the new way of life are the young, especially university students. They are concerned with the future, and they fear that France is threatened by triumph of this competitiveness, goods－oriented culture. Occasionally, they have reacted against the trend with considerable violence.In spite of the critics, however, countless Frenchmen are committed to keeping France in the forefront of the modern economic world. They find that the present life brings more rewards, convenience, and pleasures than that of the past. They believe that a modern, industrial France is more preferable to the old.5．The passage is about ______.A. changes in the lifestyle of the FrenchB. criticism of the old lifestyleC. approval of the new lifestyleD. analysis of the old way of life in France6．The old French way of life mainly featured ______.A. elegance, leisure and romanticismB. efficiency, elegance and leisureC. elegance, leisure and tasteD. efficiency, leisure and taste7．Which of the following about the French is NOT true?A. They show more concerns about money than before.B. They do enjoy working on the assembly line.C. Many of them prefer the new lifestyle to the old.D. They are more competitive than the elder generation.8．What is the attitude of the general Frenchmen towards the new lifestyle?A. They fear that France is threatened by the new trend.B. They are unsatisfied with the new way of life.C. They welcome the new lifestyle enthusiastically.D. They confuse the traditional lifestyle with the new one.[答案]1．B.这是一道推断题.根据第一段第三句“Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say. They hear only what the speaker does say.”可知如果你在演讲中出现了错误，例如弄错了句子旳顺序，或者没有及时停顿，不用在意，因为没人会注意到你旳错误.2．A.这是一道推断题.根据第二段“Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech, that doesn’t really matter...Because you were fixing your attention on his message rather than on his way of speech－making.”可知听众主要旳注意力在演讲旳内容上，所以就算有些错误也不会被记住.3．B.这是一道推理题.根据第三段最后一句“Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker’s attractiveness by making him more human.”可知有时犯一个两个错误会使演讲更加有吸引力，不一定是坏事.4．C.这是一道主旨题.本文旳主要观点是完美旳演讲是不可能旳，大众旳注意力主要在演讲旳内容上，偶尔犯错误也没有关系.文章讲述旳是有关法国人生活方式旳变化.5．A.主旨大意题.根据文章每段主题句内容可知，文章讲述旳是有关法国人生活方式旳变化.6．C.细节理解题.由文章第二段最后两句话旳内容可得出答案.7．B.细节理解题.由文章第二段第四句话旳内容，可知B项说法错误.8．C.细节理解题.由文章最后一段内容可以得出.。

(高中英语2019版) 阅读理解(自然与环境)(含解析)(含答案)

（自然与环境）李仕才导读：中国濒临灭绝的大熊猫如今因气候变化而陷入失去它们的主食的危险之中。

赶快行动起来保护他们吧！Pandas face bamboo shortage threat①Already threatened by a slow breeding rate and rapid habitat loss, China's endangered giant pandas now also risk losing their main food, bamboo, to climate change, claim scientists.A study in China's northwestern Qinling Mountains, home to around 270 pandas—about a fifth of the world's wild population—predicts a big bamboo decline this century as the globe warms."The pandas may face a shortage of food unless they can find alternative food resources; the giant panda is a picky eater."Ninety-nine per cent of its diet ②consists of bamboo—being destroyed ③up to 38 kilograms per day. Bamboo itself also has a slow reproductive rate, flowering only every 30 to 35 years, which means it would be slow to adapt to a change in local climate.Based on the data gathered for this study, researchers predict that three bamboo species which ④make up almost the entire diet of the Qinling pandas will all but disappear in a warmer climate."Results suggest that almost the entire panda habitat in the region may disappear because of climate change ⑤by the end of the 21st century," the study's authors write.Already, deforestation is threatening the survival of about half of all bamboo species worldwide.The researchers say bamboo distribution has historically changed ⑥in response to changes in the climate. In the modern era, though, even if other areas were to becomeclimatically more suited for bamboo growth, these would be ⑦far away.The findings should be used for planning ahead to protect areas that have a better climatic chance of providing enough food sources or begin creating natural bridges to allow pandas an escape from bamboo famine.大熊猫面临着食物短缺的威胁科学家们声称，由于一直以来受到低繁殖率和栖息地快速流失的威胁，中国濒临灭绝的大熊猫如今又因气候变化而陷入失去它们的主食——竹子的危险之中。

2019年高考英语真题阅读理解专题(有详细解析)

2019年高考英语真题阅读理解整理（有详细解析）（一）1.Sunday ,31 AugustWe’ve been in China for a month now. Dad, Mom, Harry and I moved to Tianjin on 25 August. We’re not very far from Beijing. Two days ago, we celebrated my 16th birthday. It was great celebrating in China;the only thing that was strange was the cake一here they’re not as sweet as the ones in New York. On Monday school starts—I wonder what it will be like.Monday, 1 SeptemberOn my first day I was looking around for a locker to put my books in. However,here all the students keep all of their books at their desks. We stay in the same classroom because apparently we don’t have to go from class to class—teachers come to us!Today we selected teacher assistants for each subject. Their duties are to collect homework, make announcements, and do other stuff for the teachers and the students. It’s kind of a big deal here! Since I am from the US, I was asked to be the English assistant. I felt so proud but quite nervous at the s ame time because I wasn’t sure what I had to do,but I accepted the job anyway. Friday ,3 OctoberBoy, what a week! Now we have nine classes every day, including the morning class, a combination of our American schools “ Homeroom ” and “ Study Hall ”. I think Chinese students work too much! I have to do my 、homework when I get back home. I don’t even have time to watch TV or surf the Internet like before. I sometimes miss New York and my school because we didn’t have to study so much. We had more time to hang out with our classmates and neighbors; here, besides their usual classes, students are involved in weekend classes in subjects such as English, Chinese and math.I get a lot of attention, being from another country. Everyone wants to practice English with me!A really cute girl even asked me for my phone number on my second day and sent me a text message! I’m making a lot more friends now. I just need a lot of help to improve my Chinese. Some students want to do a language exchange program with me. Nice!1.The passage mentions all the following points EXCEPT _______ .A.physics studyB.food flavourC.free time activitiesnguage exchange programs2.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the teacher assistant’s duty?A.Collecting homework.B.Making announcements.C.Helping teachers with small errands (差事).D.Teaching classmates.3.Where is this passage most probably from?A.A storybook.B.A guide book.C.A diary.D.A magazine.4.The passage is best described by _______ .A.culture shockB.multi-cultureC.unique cultureD.cultural background2. Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up ahill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take justone picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.1.What happened when the author was about to take a photo?A.Her camera stopped working.B.A woman blocked her view.C.Someone asked her to leave.D.A friend approached from behind.2.According to the author, the woman was probably___________.A.enjoying herselfB.losing her patienceC.waiting for the sunsetD.thinking about her past3.In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo s o alive?A.The rich color of the landscape.B.The perfect positioning of the camera.C.The woman's existence in the photo.D.The soft sunlight that summer day4.The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand ____________.A.the need to be close to natureB.the importance of private spaceC.the joy of the vacation in ItalyD.the shared passion for beauty5.The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon _____________.A.a particular life experienceB.the pleasure of travelingC.the art of photographyD.a lost friendship3. Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year history. This time, however, the cleanup was a little different. As one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building’s end.The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-be to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete. He added that the theater’s location (位置) was also a reason. “This used to be the center of town,” he said. “Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.”Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. However, these plans were abandoned because offinancial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater has shown its last movie. The theater will be missed.1.In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?A.It made room for new equipment.B.It signaled the closedown of the theater.C.It was done with the help of the audience.D.It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.2.Why was The Last Picture Show put on?A.It was an all-time classic.B.It was about the history of the town.C.The audience requested it.D.The theater owner found it suitable.3.What will probably happen to the building?A.It will be repaired.B.It will be turned into a museum.C.It will be knocked down.D.It will be sold to the city government.4.What can we infer about the audience?A.They are disappointed with Bradford.B.They are sad to part with the old theater.C.They are supportive of the city officials.D.They are eager to have a shopping center.4. Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of person's intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.1.Which of these sentences best describes the writer’s point in Paragraph 1?A.To some extent, intelligence is given at birth.B.Intelligence is developed by the environment.C.Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.D.Some people are born clever and others born stupid.2.It is suggested in this passage that_______.A.the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligenceB.unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligenceC.close relation usually have similar intelligenceD.people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence3.The phrase “at random”(Line3, para.2) means _______ .A.purposelyB.frequentlyC.independentlyD.aimlessly4.The best title for this article would be_______.A.On IntelligenceB.What Dose Intelligence Mean ?C.We Are Born with IntelligenceD.Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence5. In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy(识字) rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the na mes of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters — from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim— were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ s tyle of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.1.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to understand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.D.They were written mostly by women.2.Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.A.his reputation in FranceB.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his importance in literature3.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.To promote values of the Victorian age.6. Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll h ave no trouble answering these questions.Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的) to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walkedahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cold water at first.Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a mome nt to see what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.1.According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more _____________.A.anxious to do wondersB.sensitive to others' feelingsC.likely to develop unpleasant habitsD.eager to explore the world around them2.What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?A.To avoid jumping to conclusions.B.To stop complaining all the time.C.To follow the teacher's advice.D.To admit mistakes honestly.3.The bird watchers’ behavior shows that they __________.A.are very patient in their observationB.are really fascinated by natureC.care only about the names of birdsD.question the accuracy of the field guides4.Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?A.The natural beauty isn't attractive to them.B.They focus on arriving at the camp in time.C.The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.D.They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.5.In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________.A.fill our senses to feel the wonders of the worldB.get rid of some bad habits in our daily lifeC.open our mind to new things and ideasD.try our best to protect nature7. Long bus rides are like television shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an end with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. "Buy Super Clean Toothpaste.” Drink Good Wet Root Beer.” Fill up with Pacific Gas.” Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of "You Need It! Buy It Now!"The beginning of the ride is comfortable and so mewhat exciting, even if you’ve traveled that way before. Usually some things have changed new houses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and it’s fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless (鲁莽的) or daring, the ride can be as thrilling (惊心动魄的) as a suspense story. Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left hand lane? After a while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But you’ve got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.The end of the ride is somew hat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and there’s a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat of course, has become harder as the hours have passed. By now you’ve sat with your legs crossed, with your hands in your lap, with yourhands on the armrests even with your hands crossed behind your head. The end comes just at no more ways to sit.1.According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip?A.Advertisements on the billboards.B.Films on television.C.Buses on the road.D.Gas stations.2.What is the purpose of this passage?A.To give the writer’s opinion about long bus trips.B.To persuade you to take a long bus trip.C.To explain how bus trips and television shows differ.D.To describe the billboards along the road.3.The writer of this passage would probably favor .A.bus drivers who aren’t recklessB.driving aloneC.a television set on the busD.no billboards along the road4.The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows because .A.the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along the road are funB.they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in betweenC.the drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on busesD.both traveling and watching TV are not exciting.5.The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning because both are.fortableB.excitingC.tiringD.boring（二）1. A year ago, a couple with three children moved into the apartment next door to me. I never heard any noise from the children, but the parents were always yelling at them.We often met and I always spoke, but the only answer I ever got was a hello from a four-year old girl. One day when I returned they were just coming back to their apartment and the little girl was holding the door in the hall open for the others. I remained in the car doing unnecessary things. The parents were telling her to hurry. I looked up and saw the little girl was still holding the door open, waiting for me.So I hurried as much as I could and thanked her. She was smiling from ear to ear.That afternoon I was at the K-Mart and I saw a white teddy bear. I thought of the little girl and said to myse lf, “I bet she would like it.” So I bought it for her.The next day there was a knock on the door and it was the little girl and her father. She was so proud of her bear and thanked me. Then I noticed her mother and the other children were there in the hall, too.Now when we meet in the hall we all speak in a friendly manner. Last night we had about 4 inches of snow. The temperature was below zero. When I opened the outside door, there was my car with all the snow removed. The man next door was the only person I knew in the whole building, so when I saw him the next day, I asked him if he was the nice person that removed the snow. He said NO. He wanted to, but his wife said she would do it.Isn’t it amazing that the small kind act of a 4-year-old girl can change so many things for the better?1.The author bought a teddy bear to _____A.show off his wealthB.express his thanksC.please his neighborD.refuse the help2.Who removed the snow on the author’s car?A.the girlB.the girl’s fatherC.the gi rl’s motherD.both the girl’s father and mother3.The passage is _____________.A.sympathetic(同情的)B.humorousC.warmD.frightening4.What does the author want to tell us through the passage?A.little children should be polite to their neighbors.B.More good things come from small acts.C.Your neighbors are not as bad as you think.D.Things can be changed as a consequence of removing snow.2. Have you ever run into a careless cell phone user on the street? Perhaps they were busy talking, texting or checking updates on WeChat without looking at what was going on around them. As the number of this new “species” of human has kept rising, they have been given a new name — phubbers(低头族).Recently, a cartoon created by students from China Central Academy of Fine Arts put this group of people under the spotlight. In the short film, phubbers with various social identities bury themselves in their phones. A doctor plays with his cell phone while letting his patient die, a pretty woman takes selfie(自拍照)in front of a car accident site, and a father loses his child without knowing about it while using his mobile phone. A chain of similar events eventually leads to the destruction of the world.Although the ending sounds overstated, the damage phubbing can bring is real. Your health is the first to bear the effect and result of it. “Constantly bending your head to check your cell phone could damage your neck,” Guangming Daily quoted doctors as saying. “the neck is like a rope that breaks after long-term stretching.” Also, staring at cell phones for long periods of time will damage your eyesight gradually, according to the report.But that’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage your social skills and drive you away from your friends and family. At reunions with family or friends, many people tend to stick to their cell phones while others are chatting happily with each other and this creates a strange atmosphere, Qilu Evening News reported.It can also cost you your life. There have been lots of reports on phubbers who fell to their death, suffered accidents, and were robbed of their cell phones in broad daylight.1.For what purpose does the author give the example of a cartoon in Paragragh2?A.To advertise the cartoon made by students.B.To inform people of the bad effects of phubbing.C.To indicate the world will finally be destroyed by phubbers.D.To warn doctors against using cell phones while treating patients.2.Which of the following is NOT a risk a phubber may have?A.His social skills could be affected.B.He will cause the destruction of the world.C.His neck and eyesight will be gradually harmed.D.He might get separated from his friends and family.3.Which of the following may be the author’s attitude towards phubbing?A.Objective.B.Supportive.C.Optimistic.D.Opposed.4.What may the passage talk about next?A.Advice on how to use a cell phone.B.People who are addicted to phubbing.C.The possible consequences of phubbing.D.Measures to reduce the risks of phubbing.3. Before birth,babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning(胎教),birds could rule the roost.As recently reported in The Auk:OrnithologicalAdrances,some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)。

江苏2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习04及解析或解析(12月)

江苏2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习04及解析或解析(12月)山东省济宁实验中学2018届高三月考A Therearetwotypesofpeopleintheworld.Althoughtheyhaveequaldegreeofhealthandwealth andothercomfortsoflife,onebecomeshappy;theotherbecomesunhappy.Thisarisesfromthe differentwaysinwhichtheyconsiderthings,persons,eventsandtheresultingeffectsupon theirminds. Peoplewhoaretobehappyfixtheirattentionontheconvenienceofthings:thepleasantparts ofconversation,thewellprepareddishes,thegoodnessofthewine,andthefineweather.The yenjoyallthecheerfulthings.Thosewhoaretobeunhappythinkandspeakonlyoftheopposite things.Therefore,theyarecontinuallydissatisfied.Bytheirremarks,theysourthepleas ureofsociety,offend(hurt)manypeople,andmakethemselvesdisagreeableeverywhere.The intentionofcriticizingandbeingdislikedisperhapstakenupbyimitation(仿效)。

Itgrowsintoahabit,unknowntoitspossessors.Thehabitmaybestrong,butitmaybecuredwhe nthosewhohaveitrealizeitsbadeffectsontheirinterestsandtastes.Ihopethislittlewar ningmaybeofservicetothem,andhelpthemchangethishabit. Althoughinfactitischieflyanactoftheimagination,ithasseriousresultsinlfesinceitb ringsondeepsorrowandbadluck.Thosepeopleoffendmanyothers;nobodylovesthem,andnoon etreatsthemwithmorethanthemostcommonpolitenessandrespect.Iftheybringonthemselve spublicobjections,noonewilldefendorexcusethem,andmanywilljointocriticizetheirwr ongdoings.Thesepeopleshouldchangethisbadhabitandbepleasedwithwhatispleasing,wit houtworryingneedlesslyaboutthemselvesandothers.Iftheydon’t,itwillbegoodforotherstoavoidanycontactwiththem.Otherwise,itcanbedisagreeablea ndsometimesveryinconvenient,especiallywhenonebecomesmixedupintheirquarrels.56.Peoplewhoareunhappy______.A.alwaysconsiderthingsdifferentlyfromothersuallyareaffectedbytheresultsofcertainthingsuallymisunderstandwhatothersthinkorsayD.alwaysdiscovertheunpleasantsideofcertainthings57.Theunderlinedphrase“sourthepleasureofsociety”inthesecondparagraphmeans______.A.haveagoodtastewithsociallifeB.makeothersunhappyC.tendtoscoldothersopenlyD.enjoythepleasureoflife58.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat_______.A.weshouldpityallsuchunhappypeople.B.suchunhappypeoplearedangeroustosociallife.C.peoplecangetridofthehabitofunhappiness.D.unhappypeoplecannotunderstandhappypersons.59.Ifsuchunhappypersoninsistsonkeepingthehabit,theauthorsuggestspeopleshould______.A.preventanycommunicationwiththem.B.shownorespectandpolitenesstothemC.persuadethemtorecognizethebadeffectsD.quarrelwiththemuntiltheyrealizethemistakes60.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterpreferstocommunicatewith_____.A.peoplewhoarehappyB.peoplewhoareunhappyC.AandBD.Noneofthem56—60.DBCAA******************************************************山东省济宁实验中学2018届高三月考----BThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldis asterarea.Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence–othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwe sterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcap tainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfi rst.Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelem entsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilw arstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸盐)ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisa veryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines, itremovesthetoplayer(层)ofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Stripmining(开采)totallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethem oon.In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernment receivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.Unfortunately,theleadersinvested(投资)themoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredoll arsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnot hing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatiswouldtakeapproximately$43 3,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.61.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.ToseekhelpforNauru’sproblem.B.Togiveawarningtoothercountries.C.Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D.Totellaheart-breakingstoryofawar.62.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?A.Richandpowerful.B.Modernandopen.C.Peacefulandattractive.D.Greedyandaggressive.63.TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom________.A.soilpollutionB.phosphateoverminingC.farmingactivityD.whalehunting64.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem？A.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.B.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C.Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.65.WhatcanwelearnaboutBaurufromthelastparagraph?A.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.B.Theleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsseriously.C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.D.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed.61—65.BCBAA****************************************************山东省济宁实验中学2018届高三月考---CRecentlyacoupleinNewZealandwereforbiddenfromnamingtheirbabyson4Real.Event houghNewZealandhasquitegenerousrulesaboutnamingchildren,namesbeginningwithanumb erarenotallowed.TheydecidedtocallhimSupermaninstead.Inmanycountriesaroundtheworld,unusualnamesforchildrenarebecomingmorepopul ar,especiallysincetheincreasingtrendforcelebrities(名人)togivetheirchildrenwackynames.InBritain,youcancallachildalmostanythingyoulik e--theonlyrestrictions(限制)onparentsrelatestooffensivewordssuchasswear(立誓，起誓)words.Someparentschoosenameswhichcomefrompopularculture.Forexample,therehavebee nsixboysnamedGandalfafterthecharacterintheLordoftheRingsnovelsandfilms.Equally, namesrelatedtosportarefairlycommon--since1984,36childrenhavebeencalledArsenalaf terthefootballteam.Otherparentsliketomakeupmanes,orcombinenamestomaketheirownuniqueversion,a methoddemonstratedbyJordan,theBritishmodel,whorecentlyinventedthenameTiaamiifor herdaughterbycombiningthenamesTheaandAmy(thetwograndmothers).Shewasquotedassayi ngthattheaccentanddoubleletterswereaddedtomakethename“moreexotic”.Othercountrieshavemuchstricterrulerswhenitcomestonamingchildren.Countries includingJapan,Denmark,Spain,GermanyandArgentinahaveanapprovedlistofnamesfromwh ichparentsmustchoose.InChina,therearesomerulesaboutwhatyoumaycallachild---nofor eignlettersorsymbolsareallowed.Asaresultacouplewererecentlybannedfromcallingthe irbaby@.InBritain,somenameswhichwerepreviouslythoughtofasold-fashionedhavebecomem orepopularagain,suchasMaisieorEllaforagirl,orAlfieorNoahforababy.Butthemostpopu larnamesarenottheoddones.Thetopnamesarefairlytraditional--Jack,CharlieandThomas forboysandGrace,RubyandJessicaforgirls.66.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,inNewZealand_____.A.therearemanyrulesaboutnamingchildren.B.nopeoplearewillingtouse4Realasnames.C.peoplehavemuchfreedomtonametheirchildren.D.traditionalnamesarelosingtheirpopularity.67.Theunderlinedpart“wackynames”inParagraph2referstonamesthatare______.A.strangeB.admirableC.traditionalD.popular68.Whichofthefollowingnamesisbestacceptedaccordingtothepassage?A.ArsenalB.CharlieC.TiaamiiD.Noah69.ThetwocouplesinChinaandinNewZealandhavesomethingincommonthat_____.A.theirpreferenceisforeignnamesB.thereattemptgoesagainstrulesC.theyhopetheirchildgrowshealthilyD.theyshownointerestintradition70.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.parentshavenorighttonametheirchildreninSpain.B.TiaamiiwillsoonbeapopularnameamongtheBritish.C.NoparentsspeakbadlanguagetotheirchildinBritain.D.Popularculturehasaninfluenceinnamingchildren.66—70CABBD***************************************************山东省济宁实验中学2018届高三月考----DDearCary,I’mwritingbecauseI’veunderstoodyou’vestruggledwithalcoholism(酗酒).I’vebeenfightingmineeversinceIwentthrough9.11.Afterthat,I’vebeenmoreorlessuselessprofessionally--I’malawyer--andhavehadtoresignfrommyjobbecauseIwasdiscoveredpassed-outdrunkinfron tofmycomputer.I’vetakensomemedicineandithashelpedsomewhat.Icanmanageaboutamonthwithoutdrinking, butafterthatIenduphavingacrazystagewherenothingmattersexceptdrinking.Afteraweek orsoofheavydrinking,Istarthavingnightmares(恶魔)ofpeoplejumping.Afterthat,it’saweekofnotbeingabletogetoutofbed.Iwassupposedtotraveltoaconferencebutdidn’tmakeitbecauseIgotsodrunkattheairportthatIfelldownonmyfaceandspenttherestofthed ayintheemergencyroom.Ihavebeenhidingfrommyfamilysincethen.Fortunatelytheywon’tbeexpectingmetocomebackforaweekorso.Otherwise,theywouldnoticethebumponmyforehe adandtwoblackeyes.Idon’treallyknowwhatI’maskingyou.Cary,Ineedawayoutthatdoesn’tinvolvecausingpaintomyfamily.I’mtakingmedicine,butIstillhavetheseattackseveryfewmonths.Ifthere’salcoholinthehouse,Ican’tstayawayfromit.Itseemsthatthiswillneverend.I’mafraidofwhatwillhappenifsomethingbadhappens,likeafamilymemberdying,orgettingfi redagain.Thanksforreading.Yours,T71.TheunderlinedsentenceshowsusallthefollowingEXCEPT______.A.thattheauthorisalawyerbyprofessionB.thattheauthorisalawyerandheseldomgetsdrunkC.thereasonwhytheauthorhadtoresignD.thattheauthorwasoncediscovereddrunkasafish72.TheauthorwritestoCaryinorderto______.A.offeradviceB.tellastoryC.avoidnightmaresD.askforhelp73.Whatistheauthorworriedabout?A.LosinghisjobB.MissingtheconferenceC.BringpaintohisfamilyD.Givingupdrinking74.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?A.T’sfamilymembersdon’twanttoseehimbecauseofhisalcoholism.B.GettingdrunkoncepreventedTfromattendingaconference.C.Twillhavenightmareswhenhestopsalcoholism.D.Tneverattemptedtogiveuphisalcoholism.75.WeknowfromthepassagethatGary_____.A.likestotalkaboutthedetailsofhislifeB.isanexceptontreatingalcoholismC.isprobablyarecoveredalcoholicD.neversufferedfromalcoholism71—75.BDCBC**************************************结束【推断词义篇】词数：275体裁：科技说明文难度：4Australianscientistsaretryingtogivekangaroo-stylestomachstocattleandsheepinabi dtocuttheemiss ionofgreenhousegasesblamedforglobalwarming. Thankstospecialbacteriaintheirstomachs,kangaroofartscontainnomethane〔甲烷〕andscientistswanttotransferthatbacteriatocattleandsheepwhoemitlargequantitiesof theharmfulgas. Whiletheusualimageofgreenhousegaspollutionisabillowingsmokestackpushingoutcarb ondioxide,livestockpassingwindcontributeasurprisinglyhighpercentageoftotalemiss ionsinsomecountries.“FourteenpercentofemissionsfromallsourcesinAustraliaisfromentericmethanefromca ttleandsheep,”saidAtholKlieve,aseniorresearchscientistwiththeQueenslandstategovernment.“AndifyoulookatanothercountrysuchasNewZealand,whichhasgotamuchhigheragricultur albase,they'reactuallyuparound50percent,”hesaid. Researcherssaythebacteriaalsomakesthedigestiveprocessmuchmoreefficientandcould potentiallysavemillionsofdollarsinfeedcostsforfarmers. Butitwilltakeresearchersatleastthreeyearstoisolatethebacteria,beforetheycaneve nstarttodevelopawayoftransferringittocattleandsheep. Anothergroupofscientists,meanwhile,hassuggestedAustraliansshouldfarmfewercattl eandsheepandjusteatmorekangaroos.Theideaiscontroversial〔争议〕,butabout20percentofhealthconsciousAustraliansarebelievedtoeatthenationalsymbolalready.“It'slowinfat,it'sgothighproteinlevelsandit'sverycleaninthesensethatbasicallyi t'stheultimatefreerangeanimal〔散养动物〕,”saidPeterAmptoftheUniversityofNewSouthWales'sinstituteofenvironmentalstudies.56.Accordingtothepassage,globalwarmingisnowmainlycausedby_____.A.methaneB.carbondioxideC.livestockpassingwindD.notmentioninthispassage56.D考查细节理解。

2019年高考英语考试大纲解读专题04阅读理解含解析

【解读】阅读是我国考生学习和使用外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。

该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。

具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括和推断后才能得到。

3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的单词和短语，但许多这类词语的含义可以通过上下文推断出来。

这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断词语含义的能力，是一个合格的读者必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读理解部分经常考查的一种能力。

这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要构成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。

6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。

而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。

因此，读者需要在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。

【说明文】【样题】(2018·全国新课标I，D)We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment– and our wallets – as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life –from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices– we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and boxTVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what’s the solution(解决方案)? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。

2019高考英语二轮阅读理解指导(04)及强化练习(解析)

2019高考英语二轮阅读理解指导（04）及强化练习（解析）A段CentralParkOutsideamongthetrees,watchthewildlife--boththehumanandanimalvarieties.Call(212) 360-3465or(212)360-2726fordailyeventsandtours.CentralParkstretchesfrom59thtoll0 th$ts,andfrom5thAve.toCentralParkWest.EmpireStateBuildingThisisamongthemoststrikingbuildingsinthecity.thenation,eventheworld.Theobservat iondeck(瞭望台)onthe86thfloorisopentothegeneralpublic,offeringawonderfulviewofthecity.Onthe secondflooryou'llfindtheNewYorkSkyride,asimulated(模拟的)helicopterrideoverManhattan.5thAve.at34thSt.,Midlown/(212)736-3100.IntrepidS ea-Air-SpaceMuseumFiveblockswestofTimeSquare,thismuseumhashundredsofair,deep-seaandspaceexhibits. Walktheflightdeckofthe900-foot-longaircraftcarrierIntrepid,seedozensofoldandmod emaircraftandridetheIntrepidNavyFlightSimulator.Pier86,W.46thSt.'and12thAve./(2 12)245-0072.MadisonSquareGardenIfit'sbig,itprobablyhappensattheGarden.Checkoutsportingevents,concertsandmuchmo re.Toursareavailable.7thAve.,btam.31stand33rdSts.,Midtown/(212)465-6741.1.TheNewYorkSkyrideisfor__________.A.sight-seeingB.flighttrainingC.modelplanesportsD.citytransportation答案:A指导：从第二那么广告第二句可知。

2019高考英语黄冈(阅读理解练习04)(解析)

高档小区管家核心服务理念规范-制度大全高档小区管家核心服务理念规范之相关制度和职责，高档小区管家核心服务理念一、管家核心服务体验管家不是无所不能,但我们竭尽所能。

二、核心价值观:真诚、善意、精致、完美三、核心服务体验---尊享生活服务体验一:尊享体验之8小...高档小区管家核心服务理念一、管家核心服务体验管家不是无所不能,但我们竭尽所能。

二、核心价值观:真诚、善意、精致、完美三、核心服务体验---尊享生活服务体验一:尊享体验之8小时延时尊贵服务建议同上文“24小时值班经理管理制度。

”建议根据具体的服务时间,以24小时尊贵服务或16小时尊贵服务对外宣称。

一、8小时延时服务,为确保业主提出的诉求能得到及时的解决,生活中发生的各项突发事件得以及时、妥善的处理,我们实行8小时延时服务。

由物业服务中心经理、综合管理部主管、工程部主管、礼宾部主管轮流担任值班经理,统一协调当值时发生的各项事宜。

二、16小时管家助理服务建议对外称16小时管家服务,管家助理仅表示公司对于这个岗位的工资级别我们将建立管家助理服务中心,由管家助理16小时当值。

管家助理服务中心将把业主的很多服务诉求直接进行梳理,也作为各种信息的中转中心、存储中心,确保业主提出的服务能得到及时、高效的处理。

三、12小时保洁服务在保洁员的作息安排上,我们将常规物业8小时的保洁工作时间延长为12小时,在常规上班时间外分别在夏季17:30---22:00,秋冬季17:00---21:00安排保洁员在大堂、电梯厅等地巡回保洁。

四、24小时工程维修服务为确保业主提出报修要求处理及时,在工程人员的配备上,我们充分考虑了高档住宅客群对维修响应时间的要求,提供24小时工程维修服务,在接到业主报修电话后5分钟能响应到位服务。

尊享体验之二:专属管家服务我们为业主配备了专属管家,根据项目特点划分专属管家服务辖区,每个辖区配置两名专属管家(一男一女),致力于为业主提供全面、细微、个性和温馨的管家服务。

(苏州)2019高考英语阅读理解(4)及解析或解析(10月)

(苏州)2019高考英语阅读理解（4）及解析或解析（10月）阅读理解、专题训练(**)、议论文的阅读(2)阅读以下材料，按要求完成读写任务Likemanyofmygeneration，Ihaveaweaknessforheroworship.Atsomepoint，however，weallbegintoquestionourheroesandourneedforthem.Thisleadsustoask：Whatisahero?Despiteimmensedifferencesincultures，heroesaroundtheworldgenerallyshareanumberofcharacteristicsthatinstruc tandinspirepeople.Aherodoessomethingworthtalkingabout.Aherohasastoryo fadventuretotellandacommunitywhowilllisten.Butaherogoesbeyondmerefame .Heroesservepowersorprincipleslargerthanthemselves.Likehighvoltage(电压)transformers，heroestaketheenergyofhigherpowersandstepitdownsothatitcanbeusedbyordi narypeople.Theherolivesalifeworthyofimitation.Thosewhoimitateagenuineheroexp eriencelifewithnewdepth，enthusiasm，andmeaning.Asuretestforwouldbeheroesiswhatorwhomdotheyserve?Whataretheywillingtoliveanddiefor?Ift heanswerorevidencesuggeststheyserveonlytheirownfame，theymaybefamouspersonsbutnotheroes.MadonnaandMichaelJacksonarefamous，butwhowouldclaimthattheirfansfindlifemoreabundant?Heroesarecatalysts(催化剂)forchange.Theyhaveavisionfromthemountaintop.Theyhavetheskillandthe charmtomovethemasses.Theycreatenewpossibilities.WithoutGandhi，IndiamightstillbepartoftheBritishEmpire.WithoutRosaParksandMartinLuth erKing，Jr.，wemightstillhavesegregated(隔离的)buses，restaurants，andparks.Itmaybepossibleforlargescalechangetooccurwithoutleaderswithmagneticpersonalities，butthepaceofchangewouldbeslow，thevisionuncertain，andthecommitteemeetingsendless.Ⅰ.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ.根据所读短文，选择最正确选项1、Althoughheroesmaycomefromdifferentcultures，they________.A、generallypossesscertaininspiringcharacteristicsB、probablysharesomeweaknessesofordinarypeopleC、areofteninfluencedbypreviousgenerationsD、allunknowinglyattractalargenumberoffans2、Accordingtothepassage，heroesarecomparedtohighvoltagetransformersinthat________.A、theyhaveavisionfromthemountaintopB、theyhavewarmfeelingsandemotionsC、theycanserveasconcrete(具体的)examplesofnobleprinciplesD、theycanmakepeoplefeelstrongerandmoreconfident3、MadonnaandMichaelJacksonarenotconsideredheroesbecause________.A、theyarepopularonlyamongcertaingroupsofpeopleB、theirperformancesdonotimprovetheirfansmorallyC、theirprimaryconcernistheirownfinancialinterestsD、theyarenotclearabouttheprinciplestheyshouldfollow4、GandhiandMartinLutherKingaretypicalexamplesofoutstandingleaderswho___ _____.A、aregoodatdemonstratingtheircharmingcharactersB、canmovethemasseswiththeskillandthecharmC、arecapableofmeetingallchallengesandhardshipsD、canprovideananswertotheproblemsoftheirpeople5、Theauthorconcludesthathistoricalchangeswould_________________________ _______________________________________________.A、bedelayedwithoutleaderswithinspiringpersonalqualitiesB、nothappenwithoutheroesmakingthenecessarysacrificesC、takeplaceiftherewereheroestoleadthepeopleD、produceleaderswithattractivepersonalities参考答案ⅠTheauthorthinksheroesservepowersorprincipleslargerthanthemselves，livealifeworthyofimitationandarecatalystsforchange.Theyshouldfightfor thegoodofthemasses.(31words)Ⅱ1、解析：细节判断题。

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【解读】阅读是我国考生学习和使用外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。

该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。

具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括和推断后才能得到。

3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的单词和短语，但许多这类词语的含义可以通过上下文推断出来。

这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断词语含义的能力，是一个合格的读者必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读理解部分经常考查的一种能力。

这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要构成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。

6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。

而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。

因此，读者需要在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。

【说明文】【样题】(2018·全国新课标I，D)We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment– and our wallets – as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life –from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices– we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and boxTVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what’s the solution(解决方案)? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。

文章讲述了新旧电子设备的差别，旧电子设备耗能高、不环保。

所以作者主张使用新电子设备。

33.D 【解析】细节理解题。

根据文章第二段中的To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life 可知，Babbitt’s team研究的目的是弄清楚这些设备用了多少电。

故选D。

34.B 【解析】细节理解题。

根据文章最后一段中的They found that more on-demand entertainment viewingon tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.可知，平板电脑是耗能最少的电子设备，可以降低44%的耗能。

故选B。

35.A 【解析】推理判断题。

根据文章的整体内容可知，因为旧的电子设备耗能高，不环保。

所以作者建议停止使用旧的电子设备。

故选A。

【议论文】【样题】(2018·全国新课标II，D)We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoy ing and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’teven exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense ofbelonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says.32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A. Addiction to smartphones.B. Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C. Absence of communication between strangers.D. Impatience with slow service.33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A. Showing good manners.B. Relating to other people.C. Focusing on a topic.D. Making business deals.34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A. It improves family relationships.B. It raises p eople’s confidence.C. It matters as much as a formal talk.D. It makes people feel good.35. What is the best title for the text?A. Conversation CountsB. Ways of Making Small TalkC. Benefits of Small TalkD. Uncomfortable Silence【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。

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