高中英语相似词汇汇总

era: It refers to a very long period of time marked 学习英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容by a particular feature in a great new易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语era of world revolution()时期语义和文体。

语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分; 义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和age: It shows a particular /a fairly 文体主要是正式和非正式、; 外延等的区分褒义和贬definite period in history. the Bronze Age, 组同义词。

义等的区分。

下面是笔者整理的50 Iron Age
路1.) 打仗战斗( 3.way: Wherever there is room for an 奋斗struggle
fight:It is a bodily
( )斗争object to proceed, there is a way.
struggle: An effort of any kind to overcome road: A road is a prepared way for traveling with
difficulty.horses or vehicles.
path: A way suitable to be traveled only by foot ) battle: A fight between ( 战斗armed forces.passengers or by animals.
route: A route is a line of travel, and may be over ) campaign: A series of ( 战役related military operations in a war.many roads.
) war: A period of fight between( 战争street: A street is in some centre of countries or states when weapons are used and habitation, as a city town or village, when
many people are killed.it passes between houses of dwellings.
) combat: A fight, conflict, ( 对抗avenue: A avenue is a long, broad and
controversy. ) or principal street.imposing( 壮严
)
教士牧师 4.牧师( )
期时代2.()( 时期
priest: A person, esp. a man specially
period: It indicates any passage of time,
trained for various religious duties and great or small. /an extent of time of any
ceremonies, in the Christian church, esp. in )length.( 时代the Roman Catholic church
It refers to a period in history.time(s):) minister: A member of clergy, esp.( 牧师in ancient times/ in Victoria time ()新时代Protestant churches.epoch: It indicates a long period of time) clergy(pl): The officially( 牧师of a particularmarked by events or development appointed leader of the religious activities of a particular kind.church or temple.
The first flight into space marked a new clergyman: clergymen(pl) a member of epoch in the history of mankind.()纪元
clergy.
cry: The most general one.) pastor: A Christian religious ( 牧师leader in charge of a church and its members,
) weep: To let flow tears.( 哭泣esp. in a Protestant church.
anpriest in charge of教区牧师) vicar: A( ) sob: To weep or sigh with short 抽嗒( 抽泣
quick breaths.area(parish) in the church of England.
father: A little of respect for a priest, ) snivel: To sniffle and cry in a 涕泪交流哭天抹泪(
irritating manner.esp. in the Roman Catholic.
服装5. ) blubber: To cry loudly 又哭又闹哭嚎(
noisily.clothing(collect): (fml) General term of
) whine: To make a low ( 发出低声报怨声clothes. complaining cry.clothes(no single): Coverings of the body
) bawl: To utter loud cries (always in bad 嚎哭( such as coats,dresses, suits, shoes, hats.
sense).garment(fl): A suit of clothes used
) wail: To cry aloud from pain ( 痛哭by actors./a single article of clothing.
or sorrow.costume:
) moan: To make a low, miserable sound in 呻吟(
1) The fashion of dress peculiar to a people, nation, pain or sorrow.
class, period, etc.
) grown: To make a low sound of pain, 呻吟(
in a play.2) A dress worn by actors uniform:unhappiness or disapproval worn by all members of the community.
) mourn: To feel or show sadness ( 哀悼
dress:or sorrow for someone who has died.
连衣1) A kind of outer garment worn by women( ) lament: To express great sorrow 哀悼(
).裙or regret.
美丽7.漂亮) evening 2)worn on special occasions ( 礼服dress/ morning dress
good-looking: Having an attractive suit: A set of outer clothes to be worn appearance in a strong, healthy way used for men and
together. evening suit/swimming suitwomen not things.
coat: A garment with sleeves worn on top of other beautiful: ( a womanor a thing) Suggesting
symmetry of features or perfection ofclothes from rain, heat, etc.proportion, elegance and mobility.
overcoat: A warn coat worn in the street.beautiful flowers, a beautiful girl/voice/city/face beautiful weather.
哭6.
He jerked out the knife that was stuck appearance applieshandsome: Of attractive
to men. a handsome
in the wound.
fellow/actor/horse/buildings/young man.
tow: To pull by a rope or chain. We towed
pretty: (a girl, or a small thing) Suggesting the car to the nearest garage.
liveliness and sweetness, pleasing wrench: To pull hard with a twisting or or nice to look at. a pretty little woman/garden, a pretty
turning movement.girl/ picture/piece of music,
9.旋转lovely: (something) So beautiful that it
even at it or makes you feel good to look
turn: The most general one.to think about it. The garden looks lovely.
fair: Beautiful( of womanin poet) light in color esp., ) spin: To turn quickly around
自转(
a central point.skin hair.
of the action,emphasizes the continuityIt gorgeous: (persons or things) (inf)and usually the narrow extent of the
Extremely beautiful or handsome.
circular motion.
8.拉、拖The wheel is spinning on its axis.pull: The most general one.) whirl: To round very fast.( 急转
draw: It implies a smoother, steadier It implies the lock of conscious control.than pull.force motion and generally
a lighter The leaves whirl in the wind in the yard.drag: It usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up an incline (slope) and it a fixed point转动) rotate: To turn round( over rough ground orefforts
suggests laborious
with a circular movement.against friction, resistance or gravity.The earth rotates once every 24 hours.The escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place.
) revolve: To turn or move in a circle ( 绕转around a central point.haul: It implies continuous pulling or
dragging of heavy or bulky objects.or ellipticalIt circularindicates )椭圆( movement.The fisherman is hauling a net.The planets revolve around the sun.tug: It applies to hard often sudden
violent effort to pull.生气、气愤10.
He tugged at my sleeve to ask directions.
anger: The most general one.
jerk: To pull suddenly.
easy to get angry.易怒( ) be cross:
Feeling
It implies deviation from a standard ) indignation: (fml) Anger.愤慨(
or model
It stresses righteous anger at what
The accident was caused by human error.one considers unfair, mean or shameful.
We expressed our indignation at ) defect: sth lacking or 毛病( 缺点
imperfect.the ruthless exploitation.
It refers to quality.(literary)愤怒) wrath: anger. Very treat (
because of a defect.It suggests a desire on intent to revenge
The radio was returned
or punish.
) blunder: A very stupid or
过失( 失误
) rage: Wild, violent anger.( 狂怒unnecessary mistake.
It suggests loss of self- control from It implies ignorance. violence of emotion. in a rage /to fall into
This is the fatal blunder of his life.a rage.
图画12. ) fury: Violent, extreme ( 暴怒and destructive anger.
picture: The most general one.
She flew into a fury.) painting: pictures with color.( 彩图11.错误
) drawing: A picture made with a pen, 图画绘画(
pencil and crayon. Sketch, diagrams and ) mistake: A wrong thought, act. It( 误会graphs are all drawings.Anyone can make a mistake.implies carelessness
A bad point, but not of弱点过错) fault:( ) sketch: A rough not ( 草图detailed drawing.a serious moral kind. It refers to
behavior and character.
His only fault is that he lacks) diagram: A drawing, figure 图表( 图解ambition.
that shows the arrangement of something.fault withfind sb / at fault shortcoming:) graph: A diagram in which a( 曲线图Weakness, failing straight line, curved, or zigzag line shows how two sets
of numbers or measurements areIt refers to failures or deficiencies in
related.things as well as people.
In spite of all her shortcomings I still ) illustration: A picture to go 插图(
with words of a book.in one she's think best of the teachers
the school.
) draft: The first rough written form of
图样( 草图
anything. ) error: A mistake (formal sometimes 疏忽( literary)
) peculiar: Strange or perhaps ( ( 平面图) plan: A line
drawing of a building as it 独特的unpleasant.might been seen from above.
It implies strangeness. He has a ) elevation: A flat upright side of a building.( 主视图
peculiar way of speaking.
) chart: A map esp. a detailed map 海图(
14.取消、消灭of a sea area.
) cancel: To give up, to declare 13.特别解除( 取消something is to be effective.
) special: Different in ( 专门的, 与众不同的
消He has cancelled his leave of absence.(some way from what is common, ordinary, or
)假usual.
It stresses having a quality, character, ) abolish: To do away with. It 废止( 废除refers to practices, social institutions. Bad identity, or use of its own.customs should be abolished.The tube contains special gases.消灭( ) eliminate: To get rid of.排除
) especial: (fml) To an usually ( 特别的
We should eliminate the false and retain great degree, exceptional
the true.
It emphasizes the importance of the things or the
撤消( ) repeal: To bring to an end of废除persons mentioned the effect of a law or an order. Somelaws should be
This is a matter of especial importance.repealed.
or belonging( Relating ) particular:各别的) exterminate: To destroy ( 消灭根除to only one thing or pletely and wholly.Colonialism must be
exterminated.It stresses the distinctness of something
In thatwhich is worth notice.
as an individual破碎15. particular case, the rule doesn't hold.()适用break: The most general one.) specific: Detailed and exact, ( 特种的
) crush: To press together ( 压破压碎clear in meaning and explanation, fixed,
violently as to break, to destroy its shape by determined.(used in scientific articles)
squeezing it. It suggests the effect of great
It implies a quality or character external pressure.
distinguishing a kind or a species.
on top of the car and crushedfell The tree
it.He gave me a very specific instruction.There is a specific tool for each job.
) smash: To break thoroughly to pieces ( 打碎with a crushing sound.
It suggests more general matters such She dropped the plate and smashed it.
as government planning and finance.
) crack: To break without ( 打裂
in these countriessituationThe politicalseparation of parts. are always changing.It suggests the breaking out across
a surface. ) environment: The 外界周围( 环境circumstances, things and conditions that
He cracked the window by leaning against influence you. It refers to spirit aspect, it.physical aspect and
material aspect. We must try to ) burst: To break open by 破裂(
pressure from within.beautify our environment.
in theThe fireworks burstwhile they were形势( )
circumstance(s): A situation情况air.kind of atmosphere,or event around us, a certain the conditions that affect pieces.破碎( 砸碎) shatter:To break into the circumstanceswhat happens. in (under) It suggests the breaking up of a thin
surface. ) surrounding(s): The area ( 周围事物环境
and environment around a place or The glass was shattered to pieces.
person. It indicates a very narrow
) crash: To refer to the vehicle which hits ( 撞坏condition, physically sometimes
something and is badly damaged.reflects spiritual aspect.
环境16.形势They lived in hostile surroundings.) conditions: The location and 形势( 环境著名的17.
other factors likely to well-known: (infl)affect it. It suggests something that
famous: The most general one. widely known or
has stayed the same for
honored.
some time and which affects daily life such as food,
work, and houses. ) distinguished: Great, 杰出的知名的(
outstanding marked by excellent quality or
Weare now studying the economic conditions in deserved fame, used especially of people who the developing countries.are famous for serious work in science, the arts etc.
position( 形势) situation: A or state at a
facts,particulartime, set of conditions,and He was a distinguished writer.events having an effect on a person, society,
etc. ) celebrated: Famous, (substitute
( 驰名的
for renowned)
It refers objectively to sb or something( 匪徒) bandit: an armed robber.that has been give acclaim or honoured with It suggests an organized group in a actress.awards or prizes. She was a celebrated
rural setting.
renowned: Highly honored and famous for
something good. often refers to places or( 土匪) brigand: A robber who lives by robbing travelers in the country.things,
also It suggests something that has available forbecome legendary or is no longer( 海盗) pirate:A person who robs on the sea.an objective evaluation.摇动,颤动19.Edison was renowned for his inventions.shake: The most general one. to move up and noted: Well-known and admired
down or back and forth.
kinda more intellectualIt often describes It refers to persons or things.of effort and accomplishment indicating an theories.authorityor expert or their
Maybe it
) quiver: To tremble a little.( 发抖is not widely It suggests a rapid but
known to the general public. He was a very
invisible vibration.noted expert.
His lips quivered with emotion.Famous for( 臭名昭著) notorious:something
bad.
) tremble: To shake
颤抖( uncontrollably and slightly as from fear, cold, He is notorious for his crimes.
excitement etc.
强盗18.
It implies uneasiness and nervousness.
thief: The most general one.Her voice trembled as she began to sing.
) robber: It suggests a direct 强盗( from fearTo tremble ( 瞬间发抖) shiver:
or confrontation in which the owner is forced to
cold.give up his valuables.It suggests a slight and rapid movement.) mugger: A person who attacks and 行凶强劫( robs people in a street or in a lift.He stood shivering in the snow.
burglar: A person who breaks into a house
) quake: to shake or tremble ( 极度颤动at night to steal something.violently.
) gangster: A member of a group 暴徒歹徒( It suggests a more violent and of criminals, esp. those who are
sudden change.
armed and use guns to threaten.
He quaked with excitement.
An explosion cam make the ground quake. ) relate: To tell formally in details, to give ( 详述
an account of.) shudder: To shake 抽筋般颤动(
He related his experiences.uncontrollably for a movement.
It suggests a more intense shaking. ) address: To say in speech or writing to a 讲演(
person or group.She shuddered at the sight of a snake.tell: To let people know about something.说话谈话20.talk: To say things to someone.)speak: To use your voice to ( 说话
converse: To talk formally.say words.
with each otherThe scholars are conversing
) say: To speak words.说( on) utter: To make sound and say ( 发出声音
linguistics.words.
chat: To talk in a friendly, familiar,
drawl: To speak in a slow,
informal manner.prolonged manner.
and chatted.The two friends sat in a corner mutter: T o express displeasure with
compressed lips.
chatter: To talk continuously
rave: To talk in an angry, uncontrolledrapidly about small things.
way.The schoolgirls went along chattering.gabble: To talk rapidly,
whisper: To talk in a low voice.making inarticulate sounds. She whispered me not to talk so loudly.or comment on( 谈论) remark: To mention it
it.murmur: To make a soft sound, esp. to speak or
say in a quiet voice. ) state: To say, express or put 陈述(
into words, esp. formally.
He often murmurs to himself.
He stated his view.) gossip: To talk about the details of other
( 闲谈
people's actions) narrate: To tell formally in writing or 讲述( speech or describe
correctand private lives which may not or proper.something in order with intonation.That woman is very fond of
gossiping about He narrated his adventure in the forest. others.
stammer: To speak with pauses and repeated ) occurrence: An incident that is usually 偶发事件(
sounds because of excitement, embarrassment.unexpected and has not been planned ahead of time.
stutter: To speak with pauses and repeated
Flood is practically an annual occurrence sounds because of
in this district.
inherent speech defect.承认22.,事件21.事情admit: To agree to the truth of, usu,
) thing: An event, a fact, a subject.事( something bad.
He talked of many interesting things.It suggests reluctance or possible
objection.
) matter: Seth that you have to deal( 事情thoughtto be discussed,
with, something over.He admitted his crime/stealing.be dealt withThere are several matters to自白( ) confess: To admit guilt as to供认at the meeting.in the sense ofa crime or as to a shortcoming,
making known to others one's own error or wrong doing.
) business: A special duty, ( 事务责任something that has to be done.He confessed his fault/doing something
Public business is every one's business.wrong.
) affair: An event or set of connected events. ( 事务acknowledge: to agree the truth of,
(pl) private and personal life.recognize the fact or existence of what have
said or done, good or bad.I have many affairs to look after.
It emphasizes openly in a embarrassing or
) event: An important happening.事件( awkward and usually not voluntary way.Events such as birthdays and anniversaries are often
celebrated.I acknowledged my
signature/mistakes/errors/having
Do you know the chief events of 1986.been defeated. incident: Not as important as an event.
grant: To admit or to agree something is Incidents seldom are celebrated. Sometimes an true.event becomes an incident
after many years have
passed.I granted his request/his honesty.
) happening: An occurrence, and ( 偶然事件take sth/sb for granted.
sometimes an unusual one.concede: To admit as true, just or
There have been strange happenings here proper often unwillingly because of
lately.overwhelming evidence.
I conceded you that point, but I still think you are ( 拖着脚走) shuffle: To move without
wrong.lifting the feet clear of the floor as if
wearing slippers.recognize: To accept or acknowledge it. The old man shuffled along the road.It refers to something about law
and diplomacy.( 趾高气扬地走) strut To walk in a proud
strong way, esp. with the chest out and trying
The new regime was recognized by China.to look important.
走路23.( 慢行) amble: To walk at an easy gentle rate. walk: The most general one.It stresses a leisurely but regular
stride: To walk with long steps.movement.He strode through the station a few minutes ( 闲逛) stroll: To walk, esp. slowly,
before the train left.for pleasure.
To walk stiffly, ) stalk: ( 高视阔步slowly,It emphasizes a slower movement, more wandering and proudly with long steps.and aimless with suggestions of many starts and pauses. trot: To jog, move quickly, usu refers They are strolling through this park.
to horses.
stroll.A littlemore formal than saunter: ) waddle: To walk from side to 蹒跚而行(
side with short steps like a duck.) wander: To move about without 徘徊( 漫步a fixed course, aim, or purpose.
The fat man waddled out of the room.
He was wandering about/down/through/up and
) stagger: To walk unsteadily, 蹒跚( down the street.
slide and drag the feet almost) roam: To wander with as very clear( 漫游falling at each step, usually because of aim. illness, injury or drink.
It suggests a more serious purpose
After drinking too much, he staggered in behind the irregular the street.
of circular movement in
) totter: To walk unsteadily ( 摇摆蹒跚complete forgetfulness of time.
showing great weakness often used The lovers roamed around/through the
of very young children learning to walk.fields.
The child tottered before his parents.
) trudge: To walk heavily and wearily with ( 跋涉) skip: To move in a slight 轻快地跑(
effort as when one (plod) is tired.dancing way, as with quick steps and jumps.
The little girl skipped at her mother'sThe hunter was trudging through the side.deep snow.
hop: To jump on one leg. ) tramp: To walk with firm heavy ( 重步行走
steps.The boy had hurt his leg and had to
Who has been tramping all over the carpet hop along.
in muddy shoes.
vault: To leap over something using the
) ( 扭扭捏捏地走hands or a pole.
You can vault a fence by putting your hands on it mince: To walk with little short steps
and swinging yourself over.in an affected manner.
hurdle: To jump over some thing to see her mince along.It was a funny sight
while running.
不slouch: To walk in a loose, ungainly (
The horse hurdled the fence and ran into the ) way.雅观woods.
hustle: To walk in a busy, active way.25.特征特点跳24.quality: The most general one.()特点jump: The most general one. to throw
oneself into the air.(characteristic: Quality typical of a
)跳起
particular person and thing, a special
the air,To spring leap: (literary)through and easily recognized quality of sb/sth.
often landing in a different place.It has may scientific or technical uses.The boy leaped over the brook
It implies neutral description in
without difficulty.
referring to any aspect of something without
) spring: To leap suddenly ( 跳跃evaluating its relative importance to the
and quickly.whole.
He sprang to his feet at the sudden noise.A useful characteristic of the cat is its
ability to catch and kill mice.
) bound: To spring lightly along.( 跳着跑) character: The combination of( 特征It suggests high spirits and excitement. qualities which make a particular person, thing, place, etc. His dog bounded to meet me.
A tendency not to show emotions is supposed to ( 个性) personality: The whole nature
or character of a particular person.be part of the British national character.
It refers to the whole indefinable ( 性质) nature: The qualities make
emotional coloration that a specific person someone or something different from others.
gives off. He has a strong personality.
It indicates the widest range of traits,
including emotional, mental and physical
qualities.
It is only human nature to like money.
( 特征) attribute:A quality
belonging to or
forming part of the
mature of a person or thing.
than negative.rather The word is positive Darkness is an attribute of night.
) peculiarity: The quality of 特性(
being peculiar, strangeness, unusualness.
It shows an unpleasant attribute that is quite noticeable.
One of his peculiarities is that his two
eyes are not the same size.
( 特色) feature: A typical and noticeable
part or quality.
It suggests something positive
and specifically
It refers to physical appearance.
A lake is an important
feature in this area.
( 品质特性) trait: A particular quality of sb/sth.
It refers to more abstract attributes.
Honesty and diligence are the chief traits of his character.。