中考英语连词、复合句讲解

中考英语连词、复合句讲解

一、连词：并列连词

从属连词

（一）并列连词：用来连接平行的词、词组或分句

1. but：表转折“但是，然而”

--- She is famous, but modest.

--- She is not my daughter, but my nephew.

--- It’s true he is young, but he is wise.

注: (1) but 不与although 一起使用

(2) not --- but --- “不是---而是—”

(3) not only – but ( also ) --- “不但---而且—”

2. and：表顺承

---- He put on his coat and went out.

---- It’s getting warmer and warmer.

注: (1) 祈使句+and, 名词短语+and

--- Word hard, and you will succeed.

= If you work hard, you will succeed.

--- One more effort, and you will succeed.

(2) both --- and ---, 不但---而且—

3. or：

(1) 表选择“或”

--- Which would you like, tea or coffee?

(2) 表解释“即”

--- This is a green house, or a hothouse.

(3) 用于祈使句中，or表示“否则”

--- Hurry up, or we will be late.

= If we don’t hurry up, we will be late.

(4) either ---or: 或者---或者

4. so:

(1) 所以：

--- He was ill, so he didn’t attend the meeting.

注：so和because 不能同时使用。

(2) 也：(前句须是肯定句，后用倒装）

---He can drive a bus, so can I.

5. for:表示“因为”，不能放在句首

---It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.

6.while:表示转折，对比

--- He is strong, while his brother is weak.

7.nor: 表示“也不”

（1) 前句须是否定，nor= neither

--- He didn’t come, nor did I.

(2) neither --- nor : 既不—也不--

(二)从属连词：

1.引导名词性从句：

（1）连接词that, whether, if 在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。that无词义，引导主语从句时不可省略。whether = if “是否”

--- That he came late made me angry. (主语从句）

--- I think that you’ll have bright future. (宾语从句)

--- The trouble is that we can’t collect enough money. ( 表语从句）

--- The news that he has won the first prize made us very happy.

( 同位语从句）

(2)连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever,

whomever, whosever

a. 连接代词具有代词作用，在从句中充当主语，宾语

--- Who will take the first place is uncertain.

--- I am not sure which book he wants.

b. whoever = anyone who “无论谁”，表示强调

--- Whoever breaks the law should be punished.

c. whatever = anything that “无论什么”

--- You can take whatever you want.

d. what 的习惯用法

what one is 一个人的为人；what one has一个人的财富

--- A man’s worth lies not so much i n what he has as in what he is .

一个人的价值与其说在于他的财富，不如说在于他的为人。

what is more 而且；what is worse 更糟的是

--- I lost my way in the forest, and what was worse, it began to rain.

what is called = what you call 所谓

--- He is what is called a walking dictionary.

A is to

B what

C is to D: A之于B犹如C之于D

--- Air is to us what water is to fish.

（3）连接副词: when, where, why, how

连接副词具有副词用法，在从句中充当状语，表示时间，地点，原因或方式程度。

---- When the meeting will be held hasn’t been decided.

---- I don’t know where he lives.