中考英语连词、复合句讲解

中考英语连词、复合句讲解一、连词：并列连词从属连词（一）并列连词：用来连接平行的词、词组或分句1. but：表转折“但是，然而”--- She is famous, but modest.--- She is not my daughter, but my nephew.--- It’s true he is young, but he is wise.注: (1) but 不与although 一起使用(2) not --- but --- “不是---而是—”(3) not only – but ( also ) --- “不但---而且—”2. and：表顺承---- He put on his coat and went out.---- It’s getting warmer and warmer.注: (1) 祈使句+and, 名词短语+and--- Word hard, and you will succeed.= If you work hard, you will succeed.--- One more effort, and you will succeed.(2) both --- and ---, 不但---而且—3. or：(1) 表选择“或”--- Which would you like, tea or coffee?(2) 表解释“即”--- This is a green house, or a hothouse.(3) 用于祈使句中，or表示“否则”--- Hurry up, or we will be late.= If we don’t hurry up, we will be late.(4) either ---or: 或者---或者4. so:(1) 所以：--- He was ill, so he didn’t attend the meeting.注：so和because 不能同时使用。

(2) 也：(前句须是肯定句，后用倒装）---He can drive a bus, so can I.5. for:表示“因为”，不能放在句首---It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.6.while:表示转折，对比--- He is strong, while his brother is weak.7.nor: 表示“也不”（1) 前句须是否定，nor= neither--- He didn’t come, nor did I.(2) neither --- nor : 既不—也不--(二)从属连词：1.引导名词性从句：（1）连接词that, whether, if 在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。

that无词义，引导主语从句时不可省略。

whether = if “是否”--- That he came late made me angry. (主语从句）--- I think that you’ll have bright future. (宾语从句)--- The trouble is that we can’t collect enough money. ( 表语从句）--- The news that he has won the first prize made us very happy.( 同位语从句）(2)连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever,whomever, whosevera. 连接代词具有代词作用，在从句中充当主语，宾语--- Who will take the first place is uncertain.--- I am not sure which book he wants.b. whoever = anyone who “无论谁”，表示强调--- Whoever breaks the law should be punished.c. whatever = anything that “无论什么”--- You can take whatever you want.d. what 的习惯用法what one is 一个人的为人；what one has一个人的财富--- A man’s worth lies not so much i n what he has as in what he is .一个人的价值与其说在于他的财富，不如说在于他的为人。

what is more 而且；what is worse 更糟的是--- I lost my way in the forest, and what was worse, it began to rain.what is called = what you call 所谓--- He is what is called a walking dictionary.A is toB whatC is to D: A之于B犹如C之于D--- Air is to us what water is to fish.（3）连接副词: when, where, why, how连接副词具有副词用法，在从句中充当状语，表示时间，地点，原因或方式程度。

---- When the meeting will be held hasn’t been decided.---- I don’t know where he lives.---- That is why he succeeded.---- They are talking about how they can solve the problem.（4）连接形容词: which, whichever, what, whatever---- You make take whichever seat you like.---- You may bring what photos you like.---- You may write on whatever subject you like.例题解析：1.It has been proven ______eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life. DA. ifB. becauseC. whenD. that2. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about_____ he will do or think. AA. whatB. whichC. whomD. that3.A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. DA. whenB. whereC. whatD. that4.______ in the regulation that you should not tell other people the password of your E-mail account. CA. What is requiredB. What requiresC. It is requiredD. It requires2. 引导副词性从句:(1) 时间:when, while , as, since, after, before, till / until, as soon as, no sooner--- than,hardly --- when, each time = every time---- I was watching TV when the telephone rang.---- I have been like this since he left here.---- It was not long before he came back.---- I didn’t get up until 7 he woke me up.---- As soon as she got there, she called me up.---- No sooner had she got there than she called me up.(2）地点: where, wherever---- I will miss you wherever you are.---- Make a mark where you have a question.(3）原因:because, as, since = now that = seeing that---- Because it was raining heavily, we had to stay at home.(4) 条件: if, unless, as / so long as ( 只要), in case (万一), provided that = providingthat = supposing that = condition that (假设), once (一旦）---- I will come here unless it rains.--- You can borrow it so long as you return it on time.--- Take the umbrella in case it rains.---- I will come provided that I am well enough.(5) 目的：so that = in order that +主+情态动词+dofor fear that +主+should ( might ) +do 唯恐---- He works very hard so that he can go to a famous university.---- He set off early for fear that he should be late.(6) 让步：though / although, adj. / n. / adv. +as + 主谓，no matter what --= whatever ---,ever if = even though 即使--- Although it was raining, they went on working.---- Young as she is, she knows a lot.---- No matter what happens, don’t change it.--- Even if I were starving, I would not ask a favour of him.（7）结果: so + adj. / adv. +that, such +n. + that, ---, sothat ------ He is so clever that he can work out the problem.= He is such a clever boy that he can work ------- He spoke loud so that everyone heard him.（8）比较: as –as = no less --- than, not so / as ---as, the more, the more, no more than = neither –nor, more than, less than--- He is as clever as I = He is no less clever than I.--- The more you read, the happier you will be.--- He is no taller than I.= Neither he nor I am tall.（9）方式: as, as if = as though 似乎，好像--- Do in Rome as the Romans do.--- He talked as if he had been there.例题解析：1.-Are you ready for Spain?-Yes, I want the girls to experience that ____they are young. AA. whileB. untilC. ifD. before2.______ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. AA. HoweverB. WhateverC. No matterD. Although( however well prepared you are = no matter how well prepared you are, 引导让步状语从句）3.He transplanted the little tree to the garden _____ it was the best time for it. BA. whereB. whenC. thatD. until4.Lose one hour in the morning _____you will be looking for it the rest of the day. BA. butB. andC. orD. so3.引导形容词性从句（定语从句）在复合句（包括主语和从句）中，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句，它所修饰的词叫做先行词。